Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Sex and age-specific select hematologic and biochemical reference intervals for koi (Cyprinus rubrofuscus)","authors":"Alexandra T. Troiano ,&nbsp;Melanie Ammersbach ,&nbsp;Kelsey D. Brust ,&nbsp;Kathryn L. Philips ,&nbsp;Hugues Beaufrère ,&nbsp;Esteban Soto","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Fish are the most numerous pet throughout the United States, and ornamental Koi (<em>Cyprinus rubrofuscus</em>) are one of the most common ornamental pet fish in California, USA. Previous reference intervals have been established in a small sample size of koi but differences between age and sex in ornamental koi have not been investigated. The objective of this study was to establish hematologic and biochemical reference intervals for healthy koi stratified by age (juvenile vs adult) and sex (male vs female).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Blood samples were collected from 50 adult males, 50 adult females and 50 juvenile koi from a commercial vendor. Heparinized whole blood was used to perform a manual complete blood count (CBC) and biochemical parameters were analyzed from plasma samples. Reference intervals were determined using a non-parametric method to obtain the 2.5% and 97.5% percentiles following elimination of outliers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Many of the investigated laboratory values were found to be similar between groups, but statistically significant differences were found between ages for calcium, anion gap, and thrombocyte count, and among both age and sex for phosphorus, bicarbonate, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glucose, red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), and lymphocyte count.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Statistically significant differences between ages and sexes were found to exist for various analytes, but the differences are unlikely to be clinically relevant given the large degree of overlap of the partitioned reference intervals. Overall, reference intervals for the investigated hematological and biochemical values were similar in nonbreeding koi regardless of sex and age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144270104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of apitherapy in a liposarcoma in a guinea pig","authors":"Samuel Batson,&nbsp;Joerg Mayer","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The use of bee products such as bee venom and IV honey solution is an under-documented avenue of adjunctive therapy when treating neoplasms.</div></div><div><h3>Case description</h3><div>A 2-year-old female guinea pig presented with a recurrent submandibular liposarcoma. Administration of bee venom was utilized to prolong reoccurrence, and no growth was seen in the first 141 days. The mass eventually did recrudesce, and bee venom along with IV honey were employed over the following 120 days, where the tumor again eventually regressed in size. Within the next 100 days, the tumor regrew and apitherapy was once again initiated, where the mass fluctuated in size. The guinea pig eventually succumbed to secondary cardiopulmonary distress and was euthanized.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and case relevance</h3><div>Administration of bee venom at the site of the mass correlated with regression in tumor size on several occasions. The relevance of adjuvant apitherapy for its antineoplastic effects should be considered and further study is warranted due to its potential to impact treating otherwise challenging neoplastic disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 17-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of nasal cavity microbiome from healthy rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus domesticus) using next-generation DNA sequencing and geographically specific bacterial and fungal differences","authors":"Linda J. Siperstein ,&nbsp;Janina A. Krumbeck ,&nbsp;Kaylie Zapanta ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Marie Rush","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Upper respiratory infections in rabbits (<em>Oryctolagus cuniculus domesticus</em>) present common yet challenging cases for veterinary practitioners. While conventional cultures may only grow a small percentage of microbes, next-generation DNA sequencing (NGS) can be more effective at revealing fastidious or novel organisms. This study aimed to characterize the rabbit nasal cavity microbiome and determine potential geographical differences.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>Clinically healthy pet rabbits from California (CA, n = 25) and Alabama (AL, n = 24), United States.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Samples were collected via standard protocol of swabbing both nasal cavities. The bacterial and fungal microbiomes were profiled using NGS, targeting the 16S rRNA V1 to V3 region for bacteria and ITS-2 for fungi.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 186 bacterial taxa were detected, 9 representing at least 1% of the microbiome. In each sample, a mean of 37.5 ± standard deviation (SD) of 18 bacterial taxa were detected (mean 36.79 ± SD 19.8 in the AL group, and a mean of 38.20 ± and SD of 17.1 in the CA group). The most abundant bacterial taxa were species within the Pseudomonadales order (mean 12.7% ± SD 17), <em>Moraxella cuniculi</em> (mean 11.9% ± SD 18), and Neisseriaceae sp. (mean 8.5% ± SD 9). Although rabbits were considered healthy, a species within the <em>Mycoplasma</em> genus was detected in 37 out of 49 samples (mean 4.7% ± SD 9). The <em>Helicobacter</em> genus (mean 3.7% ± SD 5.5) and the Campylobacteraceae order (mean 2.84% ± SD 6.1) were also present. The fungal mycobiome was more diverse than the bacteriome, with the most abundant fungal taxa being a species within the <em>Cladosporium</em> genus (mean 38.1% ± SD 25), followed by a species within the <em>Alternaria</em> genus (mean 5.5% ± SD 8), a species within the Pleosporales order (mean 3.8% ± SD 10), <em>Alternaria infectoria-rosae</em> (mean 3.72% ± SD 6.8)<em>, Vishniacozyma victoriae</em> (mean 2.93% ± SD 4.4)<em>,</em> and a species within the <em>Microascus (Scopularipsis)</em> genus (mean 1.02% ± SD 5.1). Twenty-three fungal taxa were more abundant in the CA group, and 3 species were more common in the AL group.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>Findings from this study establish the healthy rabbit nasal cavity microbiome and mycobiome using NGS for veterinary professionals to use a comparison for rabbits with upper respiratory signs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 8-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144297677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood and urinalysis measurements in ferrets with clinically suspected chronic kidney disease","authors":"Péter Pazár ,&nbsp;Judit Csöndes ,&nbsp;Zsolt Abonyi-Tóth ,&nbsp;Adrienn Kaba ,&nbsp;Viktor Molnár ,&nbsp;Nándor Balogh","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is probably underdiagnosed in ferrets. Laboratory data of ferrets with CKD are lacking and no staging or treatment guidelines are available in this species. The purpose of this study was to evaluate potential blood and urinary biomarkers beyond urea and creatinine in diagnosing CKD in ferrets.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective study using blood and urine results from ferret suspected of having clinical CKD as well as 60 clinically healthy pet ferrets in a private practice specializing in exotic animals was conducted. Selected variables related to renal function including red blood cell count, albumin, urea, creatinine, total calcium, inorganic phosphate (P), symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), urine specific gravity (USG) and urine protein creatinine ratio (UPC ratio) were compared to a clinically healthy population. Diagnostic performance of serum urea, creatinine and SDMA were evaluated using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Statistically significant differences were found between the results of the 2 groups for all variables except for P. Ferrets from both groups had lower serum creatinine (median 73 µmol/L; 0.82 mg/dL in the CKD and 40 µmol/L; 0.45 mg/dL in the healthy group) and SDMA (median 7.45 µg/dL in the CKD and 5.1 µg/dL in the healthy group) values than described in dogs and cats. Ferrets with suspected CKD exhibited lower USG (1018 ± 6.71) and higher UPC ratio (median 1.86) compared to healthy animals (1039 ± 12.67 and median 0.23). The diagnostic value of serum creatinine (AUC = 0.807) was higher than that of urea (AUC = 0.720) or of SDMA (AUC = 0.713) for detecting CKD based on ROC analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>The use of species-specific reference intervals is mandatory to recognize mild changes in renal function in ferrets. Urinalysis, including the measurement of USG and UPC ratio, can facilitate the diagnosis of CKD and are recommended in all ferrets with suspected renal disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 32-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Granulosa cell tumor and pyometra in a fourteen-year-old chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera)","authors":"Anja Böttcher ,&nbsp;Petra Wirth ,&nbsp;Stefanie Eggert","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 20-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of environmental temperatures on chemical restraint of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with propofol","authors":"Vitória Maciel Arôso Mendes,&nbsp;Kétlen Monique Hoch Barbosa,&nbsp;Dandara Franco Ferreira da Silva,&nbsp;Sofia Silva La Rocca de Freitas,&nbsp;Clarissa Machado de Carvalho,&nbsp;FernandaVitória Marinhoda Costa Santos,&nbsp;Dara Evely Vieira Da Costa,&nbsp;Rodrigo Diana Navarro,&nbsp;Líria QueirozLuz Hirano","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Fish are ectothermic animals, so the water temperature determines their body temperature and directly influences their metabolism. In the anesthetic context, this must be considered, since the action and metabolism of medications may suffer interference if the temperature is outside the zone considered optimal for the species. Therefore, due to the influence of environmental temperature on fish metabolism, this study aimed to evaluate its effect on chemical restraint of adult Nile tilapia by immersion in 0.8 mg/L propofol.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty animals were randomly divided into 2 groups. In group 1 (G1), the water temperature was kept below 20° C, while in second group (G2), it was above 25° C. After a general evaluation of the animals and the measurement of baseline parameters of posture, swimming pattern, and respiratory rate (RR), the tilapias were transferred to an induction aquarium containing the anesthetic diluted in water, where they remained for 5 minutes. Subsequently, they were transferred to a towel support for 15 minutes and monitored for heart rate (HR), RR, and spontaneous movement. Following this, the animals were transferred to a recovery aquarium.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Propofol maintained stable heart rates and promoted absence of spontaneous movement, as well as reduced opercular movement rates in all evaluated tilapias. Statistical differences were observed between G1 and G2 in the HR and RR, with less spontaneous movement in G1.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>In conclusion, water temperature modifies the anesthesia response in Nile tilapias, with more pronounced effects observed at lower temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 22-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AEMV 2Q Newsletter 2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/S1557-5063(25)00043-6","DOIUrl":"10.1053/S1557-5063(25)00043-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages I-III"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avian & Exotic News","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 18-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EAAV 2Q Newspage 2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/S1557-5063(25)00044-8","DOIUrl":"10.1053/S1557-5063(25)00044-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages IV-V"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"USE OF PROPOFOL ASSOCIATED WITH METHADONE AND LOCAL BLOCKADE WITH LIDOCAINE IN SIX SPECIMENS OF FRESHWATER STINGRAYS (Potamotrygon spp.)","authors":"Sofia Silva La Rocca de Freitas ,&nbsp;Isabella Santana Fanger ,&nbsp;Suzana Akemi Tsuruta ,&nbsp;Délcio Almeida Magalhães ,&nbsp;Laura Castro Silva ,&nbsp;Maria Estela Mendes da Silva ,&nbsp;André Eduardo Schlemper (PhD Student) ,&nbsp;Márcio de Barros Bandarra (Professor)","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fish are the most diverse group of vertebrates, and their main characteristic is their aquatic habitat, with primary respiration through gills and ectothermy. The Potamotrygonidae is a family of cartilaginous fish that includes freshwater rays from South America. As they are restricted to freshwater environments, they possess anatomic and physiological particularities that differentiate them from other elasmobranchs. <em>Potamotrygon</em> is the most diverse genus, and although they are not aggressive fish, stingrays of this genus have a retro-serrated barb covered by a venom-producing glandular epithelium. This work aims to report the anesthetic protocol for barb resection from stingrays of two species from the genus <em>Potamotrygon</em>. Six stingrays (<em>Potamotrygon falkneri</em>, n = 3; P. <em>leopoldi</em>, n = 3) were sent to the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Uberlândia (HVET-UFU) for surgical removal of the barb. The anesthetic protocol consisted of premedication with methadone administered intramuscularly, induction with propofol in the spiracles and local blockade with lidocaine without vasoconstriction. Trans-anesthetic monitoring was performed regarding the animals' water temperature, respiratory rate, and heart rate. All animals had fully recovered from anesthesia within five minutes, and no complications were recorded. Although the anesthesiology of elasmobranch fishes is still uncertain due to the scarcity of experimental models, the launched protocol yielded satisfactory results for promoting relaxation, analgesia, and rapid recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}