Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Blood and urinalysis measurements in ferrets with clinically suspected chronic kidney disease","authors":"Péter Pazár ,&nbsp;Judit Csöndes ,&nbsp;Zsolt Abonyi-Tóth ,&nbsp;Adrienn Kaba ,&nbsp;Viktor Molnár ,&nbsp;Nándor Balogh","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is probably underdiagnosed in ferrets. Laboratory data of ferrets with CKD are lacking and no staging or treatment guidelines are available in this species. The purpose of this study was to evaluate potential blood and urinary biomarkers beyond urea and creatinine in diagnosing CKD in ferrets.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective study using blood and urine results from ferret suspected of having clinical CKD as well as 60 clinically healthy pet ferrets in a private practice specializing in exotic animals was conducted. Selected variables related to renal function including red blood cell count, albumin, urea, creatinine, total calcium, inorganic phosphate (P), symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), urine specific gravity (USG) and urine protein creatinine ratio (UPC ratio) were compared to a clinically healthy population. Diagnostic performance of serum urea, creatinine and SDMA were evaluated using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Statistically significant differences were found between the results of the 2 groups for all variables except for P. Ferrets from both groups had lower serum creatinine (median 73 µmol/L; 0.82 mg/dL in the CKD and 40 µmol/L; 0.45 mg/dL in the healthy group) and SDMA (median 7.45 µg/dL in the CKD and 5.1 µg/dL in the healthy group) values than described in dogs and cats. Ferrets with suspected CKD exhibited lower USG (1018 ± 6.71) and higher UPC ratio (median 1.86) compared to healthy animals (1039 ± 12.67 and median 0.23). The diagnostic value of serum creatinine (AUC = 0.807) was higher than that of urea (AUC = 0.720) or of SDMA (AUC = 0.713) for detecting CKD based on ROC analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>The use of species-specific reference intervals is mandatory to recognize mild changes in renal function in ferrets. Urinalysis, including the measurement of USG and UPC ratio, can facilitate the diagnosis of CKD and are recommended in all ferrets with suspected renal disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 32-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Granulosa cell tumor and pyometra in a fourteen-year-old chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera)","authors":"Anja Böttcher ,&nbsp;Petra Wirth ,&nbsp;Stefanie Eggert","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 20-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of environmental temperatures on chemical restraint of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with propofol","authors":"Vitória Maciel Arôso Mendes,&nbsp;Kétlen Monique Hoch Barbosa,&nbsp;Dandara Franco Ferreira da Silva,&nbsp;Sofia Silva La Rocca de Freitas,&nbsp;Clarissa Machado de Carvalho,&nbsp;FernandaVitória Marinhoda Costa Santos,&nbsp;Dara Evely Vieira Da Costa,&nbsp;Rodrigo Diana Navarro,&nbsp;Líria QueirozLuz Hirano","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Fish are ectothermic animals, so the water temperature determines their body temperature and directly influences their metabolism. In the anesthetic context, this must be considered, since the action and metabolism of medications may suffer interference if the temperature is outside the zone considered optimal for the species. Therefore, due to the influence of environmental temperature on fish metabolism, this study aimed to evaluate its effect on chemical restraint of adult Nile tilapia by immersion in 0.8 mg/L propofol.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty animals were randomly divided into 2 groups. In group 1 (G1), the water temperature was kept below 20° C, while in second group (G2), it was above 25° C. After a general evaluation of the animals and the measurement of baseline parameters of posture, swimming pattern, and respiratory rate (RR), the tilapias were transferred to an induction aquarium containing the anesthetic diluted in water, where they remained for 5 minutes. Subsequently, they were transferred to a towel support for 15 minutes and monitored for heart rate (HR), RR, and spontaneous movement. Following this, the animals were transferred to a recovery aquarium.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Propofol maintained stable heart rates and promoted absence of spontaneous movement, as well as reduced opercular movement rates in all evaluated tilapias. Statistical differences were observed between G1 and G2 in the HR and RR, with less spontaneous movement in G1.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>In conclusion, water temperature modifies the anesthesia response in Nile tilapias, with more pronounced effects observed at lower temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 22-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avian & Exotic News","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 18-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"USE OF PROPOFOL ASSOCIATED WITH METHADONE AND LOCAL BLOCKADE WITH LIDOCAINE IN SIX SPECIMENS OF FRESHWATER STINGRAYS (Potamotrygon spp.)","authors":"Sofia Silva La Rocca de Freitas ,&nbsp;Isabella Santana Fanger ,&nbsp;Suzana Akemi Tsuruta ,&nbsp;Délcio Almeida Magalhães ,&nbsp;Laura Castro Silva ,&nbsp;Maria Estela Mendes da Silva ,&nbsp;André Eduardo Schlemper (PhD Student) ,&nbsp;Márcio de Barros Bandarra (Professor)","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fish are the most diverse group of vertebrates, and their main characteristic is their aquatic habitat, with primary respiration through gills and ectothermy. The Potamotrygonidae is a family of cartilaginous fish that includes freshwater rays from South America. As they are restricted to freshwater environments, they possess anatomic and physiological particularities that differentiate them from other elasmobranchs. <em>Potamotrygon</em> is the most diverse genus, and although they are not aggressive fish, stingrays of this genus have a retro-serrated barb covered by a venom-producing glandular epithelium. This work aims to report the anesthetic protocol for barb resection from stingrays of two species from the genus <em>Potamotrygon</em>. Six stingrays (<em>Potamotrygon falkneri</em>, n = 3; P. <em>leopoldi</em>, n = 3) were sent to the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Uberlândia (HVET-UFU) for surgical removal of the barb. The anesthetic protocol consisted of premedication with methadone administered intramuscularly, induction with propofol in the spiracles and local blockade with lidocaine without vasoconstriction. Trans-anesthetic monitoring was performed regarding the animals' water temperature, respiratory rate, and heart rate. All animals had fully recovered from anesthesia within five minutes, and no complications were recorded. Although the anesthesiology of elasmobranch fishes is still uncertain due to the scarcity of experimental models, the launched protocol yielded satisfactory results for promoting relaxation, analgesia, and rapid recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservative management of bilateral fracture of the rami of the mandible in a rabbit","authors":"Dimitria Gomes,&nbsp;Sarah Slaughter,&nbsp;Christopher Tollefson,&nbsp;Nicola Di Girolamo","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 12-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Septic tarsal synovitis and arthritis in a domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculi)","authors":"Harriet Woodhall","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 14-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastric dilatation and volvulus in a domestic rabbit","authors":"Meir M. Barak ,&nbsp;Sophie Liberman ,&nbsp;Gina Vecere ,&nbsp;Shachar Malka ,&nbsp;Sophie Dennison","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Gastric dilatation and volvulus (GDV) is a well-documented, life-threatening condition in dogs and guinea pigs; however, it is rarely reported in rabbits.</div></div><div><h3>Case description</h3><div>A 3-year-old female spayed rabbit presented with a recent history of decreased appetite, no drinking, and being quiet and reluctant to move. On physical examination, the rabbit demonstrated discomfort during abdominal palpation. Whole-body CT scan revealed a GDV with the stomach rotated around the mesenteric axis. An exploratory laparotomy was performed, and the stomach was found to be rotated 180 degrees clockwise (from a caudal view). The stomach was de-rotated and an incisional gastropexy was performed. The rabbit was discharged 3 days postoperatively. At recheck examination 14 days postoperatively the rabbit was reportedly doing well with normal appetite, defecation, and energy levels. However, six days later the rabbit acutely died at home, and necropsy was declined by the owner.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and case relevance</h3><div>This publication is the first reported case of GDV in a rabbit, in the peer-reviewed literature. GDV should be included as a differential diagnosis in sick rabbits presented with nonspecific signs of lethargy and reduced food intake, as demonstrated by this case. While these clinical signs are common in many rabbit conditions, overlooking GDV as a possibility could have severe consequences given its potentially fatal nature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 8-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human chorionic gonadotropin treatment of bilateral nonpruritic alopecia in seven female guinea pigs","authors":"Christina Vildershøj,&nbsp;Anna V. Müller,&nbsp;Mette Lybek Rueløkke,&nbsp;Jan Bojsen-Møller Secher","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Background:</em> Follicular cysts are often associated with bilateral nonpruritic alopecia in guinea pigs (GPs). Hormonal therapy is a potential alternative to ovariectomy or ovariohysterectomy (OHE), but there is a lack of studies in this area. The primary aim of this prospective case series was to examine the effect and potential side effects of treatment with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in GPs with bilateral nonpruritic alopecia suspected to be caused by follicular cysts. Secondary aims were to describe the frequency of associated clinical signs and to investigate if treatment with hCG would change the size of the ovary, including any ovarian cysts, identified on serial transabdominal ultrasound.</div><div><em>Methods:</em> Seven pet female GPs with bilateral nonpruritic alopecia were included in the study. The GPs were treated with 100 IU/kg hCG subcutaneously once weekly for 3 weeks and monitored with clinical examinations, photographs, and ultrasonography for 8 weeks. Clinical resolution was defined as partial or full recovery from alopecia.</div><div><em>Results:</em> All GPs had clinical resolution. One GP had a possible mild adverse reaction with injection site soreness. Treatment did not change the overall size of the ovaries or the ovarian cysts identified on transabdominal ultrasound.</div><div><em>Conclusions and Case Relevance:</em> Treatment with hCG can be an alternative to OHE in GPs with bilateral nonpruritic alopecia consistent with follicular cysts. Long-term studies on larger populations are needed for more robust conclusions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 and distemper co-infection in a domestic ferret. Case report","authors":"Ana Estephanía Castro-Martínez ,&nbsp;Ximena Rosas-Plaza ,&nbsp;Andrea Pérez ,&nbsp;Erick Martínez-Fuentes ,&nbsp;Karla Mollinedo-Beltrán ,&nbsp;Adriana Méndez-Bernal ,&nbsp;Daniel Alejandro Gómez Pizano ,&nbsp;Laura Cobos-Marín","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>: Canine distemper virus (CDV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) both infect domestic ferrets, with CDV causing severe and fatal illness, and SARS-CoV-2 presenting with variable clinical signs ranging from subclinical to gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Case description</h3><div>A four-month-old castrated male ferret, housed in a pet store, was presented with anorexia, depression, respiratory signs (eye and nasal discharge) and diarrhea lasting 6 days. The physical examination showed blepharitis, pale mucous membranes and abdominal algesia. Bloodwork showed neutrophilia with a left shift, lymphopenia, hyperbilirubinemia, hypercholesterolemia, increased ALP/GGT and azotemia. The animal was euthanized and lung and tracheal slides were used to diagnose canine distemper by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic was performed in pharyngeal and conjunctival swabs as well as lung tissue. These samples were cultured in Vero cells and RNA was analyzed by RT-PCR and high-throughput sequencing. SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.519 was confirmed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>This report presents the first documented case of co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and CDV in a ferret, highlighting the need to include SARS-CoV-2 as a differential diagnosis in ferrets with respiratory disease, especially in cases where multiple pathogens may be involved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"52 ","pages":"Pages 21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}