Journal of Equine Veterinary Science最新文献

{"title":"Identifying insulinemic responses of ID horses offered varying levels of NSC and meal-sizes","authors":"B.S. Kerley ,&nbsp;P. Harris ,&nbsp;E. Jacquay ,&nbsp;M. Askins ,&nbsp;M. McClendon ,&nbsp;A.A. Adams","doi":"10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Feeding small meals (∼1 g/kg BW DM basis) providing &gt;10% nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC; starch + water soluble carbohydrate; WSC) has resulted in an augmented insulin response (AIR) in insulin dysregulated (ID) horses, but it’s unclear if AIR reflects NSC content or the g NSC/kg BW/meal.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives and methods</h3><div>The insulinemic responses of ID (<em>n</em> = 7) and non-insulin dysregulated (NID; <em>n</em> = 8) horses fed four feeds (<em>A</em> = 6.8% NSC; <em>B</em> = 14.9% NSC; <em>C</em> = 35.5% NSC; <em>D</em> = 44.6% NSC) at three levels of NSC intake (0.06, 0.11-0.12 and 0.17-0.18 g/kg BW) were evaluated in a randomized Latin square design across two phases.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ID horses had higher incremental area under the curve (IAUCi; ID: 3223.05±3229.5 vs. NID: 907.2 ± 976.4 IU/mL*minute), 60-minutes post-meal consumption (T60; ID: 43.4 ± 48.8 vs. NID: 12.6 ± 14.6 µIU/ mL) and delta (ID: 20.9 ± 41.7 vs. NID: 6.2 ± 11.4 µIU/mL) insulin for all treatment diets compared to NID horses (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001). In Phase 1, ID horse T60 insulin for feedstuff A, was higher with 0.17 compared to 0.06 and 0.11 g NSC/kg BW/meal (<em>p</em> = 0.02); and for B, again, greater for the 0.11 and 0.17 than the 0.06 g NSC/kg BW/meal (<em>p</em> = 0.002). In Phase 2, the T60 insulin of ID horses was higher when given D at 0.18 compared to 0.06 and 0.12 g NSC/kg BW/meal (<em>p</em> = 0.008).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Augmented post-prandial insulinemic responses occurred in ID horses fed small meals of pelleted feedstuffs with ≥0.11-0.12 g NSC/kg BW regardless of feed % NSC; however, considerable variation suggests the need for individual monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15798,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Veterinary Science","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 105638"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144528169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Carbohydrate digestion in the stomach of horses grazed on pasture, fed hay or hay and oats” [Journal of Equine Veterinary Science Volume 141 (2024) 105152]","authors":"Martin Bachmann ,&nbsp;Gerald Fritz Schusser ,&nbsp;Monika Wensch-Dorendorf ,&nbsp;Caroline Pisch ,&nbsp;Mandy Bochnia ,&nbsp;Milena Marie Santo ,&nbsp;Hanna Netzker ,&nbsp;Gerhard Woitow ,&nbsp;Jens Thielebein ,&nbsp;Stefan Kesting ,&nbsp;Gerhard Riehl ,&nbsp;Jörg Michael Greef ,&nbsp;Karin Heinichen ,&nbsp;Annette Zeyner","doi":"10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105635","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105635","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15798,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Veterinary Science","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 105635"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144491938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of use of respiratory physiotherapy in treatment of young foals with pneumonia","authors":"H.S. Rossi ,&nbsp;A.K. Mykkänen ,&nbsp;A.M. Teppo ,&nbsp;J.J.T. Junnila ,&nbsp;H.K. Hyytiäinen","doi":"10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105637","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105637","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pneumonia is a common condition in young, hospitalized foals, causing accumulation of inflammatory secretions to the airways. In humans, respiratory physiotherapy is commonly used as a supplementary treatment for pneumonia with varying results regarding its efficacy, but the efficacy in foals has not been assessed to date.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of respiratory physiotherapy as a supplementary therapy method for young foals with pneumonia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 44 foals with pneumonia aged under a month were used. The prospective intervention group receiving daily respiratory physiotherapy (<em>n</em> = 16) was compared with a historical control group (<em>n</em> = 28) consisting of foals previously treated for pneumonia without respiratory physiotherapy. Respiratory physiotherapy included manual techniques aiming to clear secretions from the airways such as chest wall percussion and vibration, and postural drainage. The main outcomes assessed before and after physiotherapy interventions included oxygenation evaluation via pulse oximetry measurements and arterial blood samples, determination of respiratory rate, assessment of breathing sounds and respiratory type, and assessment of adverse effects.</div></div><div><h3>Results and conclusion</h3><div>Respiratory physiotherapy as a supplementary therapy for foal pneumonia was found to be safe and feasible. However, it did not result in significant clinical improvements in the evaluated parameters, apart from a potential increase in oxygen saturation immediately after the intervention (95.1 ± 4.5 % before and 96.1 ± 3.8 % after physiotherapy, <em>P</em> = 0.015). This finding warrants further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15798,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Veterinary Science","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 105637"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral testicle teratoma in an equine fetus: A rare case","authors":"R.T. Nieman ,&nbsp;L.I. Lamim ,&nbsp;C. Del Fava","doi":"10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fetal loss in mares can result from a range of causes, including infectious agents or noninfectious conditions such as neoplasia, which may originate from either the fetus or the dam. Among neoplastic conditions, teratomas are rarely reported and, to date, have not been described in the equine fetal testis. Teratomas arise from the partial differentiation of pluripotent germ cells and may occur in young and adult horses, typically in cryptorchid testes. Their gross and histopathological features vary widely between cases. This report describes a rare case of bilateral fetal testicular teratoma in a 310-day pregnant mare, which resulted in dystocia due to fetal abdominal distension. The diagnosis was based on gross and histopathological findings, which revealed small-caliber blood vessels, cystic structures, and a variety of differentiated tissues in both testes, including bone, cartilage, and skin with hair follicles, connective tissue, and adipose tissue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15798,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Veterinary Science","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 105633"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of steam cleaning technology on reducing the occurrence of ESKAPE organisms and Escherichia coli in the stables of an equine referral hospital","authors":"S. Sosa-Portugal ,&nbsp;L. Dale ,&nbsp;J. Devaney ,&nbsp;A. Sharp ,&nbsp;F. Malalana ,&nbsp;D. Timofte","doi":"10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The “ESKAPE” bacteria include a group of organisms known for their multidrug resistance and potential association with nosocomial infections in human and veterinary hospitals.</div></div><div><h3>Aims/objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of steam cleaning in reducing the number of ESKAPE organisms on environmental surfaces from the stables of an equine veterinary referral hospital.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Environmental sampling was performed at two timepoints (pre- and post-steam cleaning) on smooth metallic doors and rough rubber stable walls. Microbiological culture targeted ESKAPE organisms and <em>Escherichia coli</em>. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence swabs were taken concurrently to compare their readings in relation to ESKAPE presence, and settle plates were used to assess aerosolised contamination. A selection of isolates obtained post-steam cleaning underwent whole genome sequencing (WGS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Steam cleaning led to a significant reduction in ESKAPE organisms on smooth metal doors compared to rough rubber walls (52 % vs. 10 %, <em>p</em>- 0.004, 95 % CI). ATP swabs provided a quick indicator for cleanliness, however Spearman’s correlation coefficient <em>(ρ)</em> failed to find a significant correlation with microbiological culture results (<em>ρ</em> = 0.082, <em>p</em>-0.467). No ESKAPE organisms were isolated from settle plates at any timepoint. WGS of ESKAPE isolates obtained post-steam cleaning (<em>n</em> = 17) identified resistance genes to at least four classes of antimicrobials in all isolates, while some isolates also carried “<em>qacE</em>” resistance genes to quaternary ammonium compounds (<em>n</em> = 6).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study provides <em>novel</em> data suggesting that steam cleaning was effective at reducing ESKAPE organisms on smooth surfaces and may offer an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical disinfectants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15798,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Veterinary Science","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 105636"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144368907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological markers and metabolic energy indexes of show jumping horses during a field exercise test in Portugal","authors":"J. Simões ,&nbsp;A.M. Santos ,&nbsp;C. Santos ,&nbsp;A.S. Silva ,&nbsp;C. Vintém ,&nbsp;J. Fonseca ,&nbsp;C. Coelho","doi":"10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Show jumping is a popular and complex equestrian modality practiced by a athletes of different levels. However, most studies focus on elite athletes.</div></div><div><h3>Aims/objectives</h3><div>The aim of this work was to assess the effect of a show jumping test (SJT), designed for novice athletes, on the physiological biomarkers and energy indexes of a group of horses, bred and trained in Portugal.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this prospective cross-sectional study, thirteen horses and their riders performed a SJT with obstacles set at 80 cm height using a heart rate monitor (M430 with H10 sensor). Physical examination and blood samples, for complete blood count and sera biochemical analysis (total protein, albumin and muscle enzymes), were performed at four timepoints. Metabolic energy indexes – energy expenditure (EE), cost of transport (CoT) and metabolic power (Pmet) – were estimated based on heart rate and speed registered during the SJT.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Exercise affected the animals’ heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, glycaemia, lactatemia, albuminemia, and the number of white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes and erythrocytes, and also haemoglobin and haematocrit values (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.05). Estimated energy expenditure was 431.0 ± 222.5 J/kg/min, CoT was 0.10 ± 0.05 beats·kg·m·103 and Pmet was 0.02 ± 0.01beats/min/kg.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The SJT significantly influenced some of the studied biomarkers and the animals performed a submaximal effort and maintained an aerobic metabolism during exercise. This work offers some references for future assessment of novice showjumping horses, which can be used for future comparative analysis and for optimizing training programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15798,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Veterinary Science","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 105634"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure of horses to biotoxins, phytoestrogens, and pesticides from different feed materials and supplementary feeds","authors":"L.M. Kwaß ,&nbsp;R. Khiaosa-ard ,&nbsp;Q. Zebeli ,&nbsp;M. Sulyok ,&nbsp;V. Milojevic ,&nbsp;B.U. Metzler-Zebeli","doi":"10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The occurrence of biotoxins and chemical residues in marketed horse feeds has direct influences on horse health but has not been studied yet.</div></div><div><h3>Aims/objectives</h3><div>The study investigated the exposure and health implications of contaminants in various horse feedstuffs available on the European market.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 108 feed samples representing diverse product categories such as hay, processed roughage products, grains, and various supplementary feeds were collected from different European countries and analyzed for contaminants, including mycotoxins, phytoestrogens, pesticides, and veterinary drug residues using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Findings revealed that nearly all samples contained multiple fungal metabolites, with <em>Fusarium</em> toxins being the most prevalent. Processed roughage products (e.g., cobs, cubes, flakes and pellets) containing lucerne exhibited high concentrations of phytoestrogens and plant toxins compared to hay. The data also showed that supplementary feeds, particularly grain-based mueslis and mashes, were more prevalent sources of pesticide and veterinary drug residues than feed materials. Unusual substances in horse feed like colchicine and monensin, both highly toxic to horses, were also detected in roughly 10 to 20 % of the samples. However, our risk assesement suggests that the contamination of both compounds would not pose an acute health risk to horses.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study reveals the complexity of biotoxins and chemical residues and their potential risks in marketed equine feeds and underscores the critical need for targeted regulations, routine testing to ensure equine health and welfare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15798,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Veterinary Science","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 105632"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed tomography and nephrotomy in a Warmblood stallion with bilateral nephrolithiasis","authors":"M.T. Schlote,&nbsp;K. Drozdzewska,&nbsp;A. Ehrle,&nbsp;C. Lischer,&nbsp;H. Gehlen","doi":"10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This case report describes the use of computed tomography for the diagnosis and surgical planning in a horse with bilateral nephrolithiasis.</div><div>An adult Warmblood stallion (460 kg) was presented with chronic weight loss, hypercalcemia and azotemia. Ultrasonographic examination identified hyperechoic masses in both kidneys and dilation of the right renal pelvis. A solid mass was evident upon transrectal examination on the left side. Computed tomography (CT) of the caudal abdomen was performed and provided good quality images that facilitated exact determination of the size, position and extent of renal mineralization.</div><div>The nephrolith of the right kidney was better demarcated when compared to the one of the left kidney and was therefore selected for nephrotomy. The horse developed a surgical site infection that led to euthanasia 3 weeks post-surgery.</div><div>CT of the caudal abdomen in an adult horse is feasible and the three-dimensional understanding of renal mineralization provided a great advantage for the selection and planning of the most appropriate treatment option.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15798,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Veterinary Science","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 105627"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144284955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overnight dexamethasone suppression and cortisol index tests in clinically healthy horses and with crib-biting","authors":"J.J. Osorio-Cardona,&nbsp;V.M. Usuga-Moreno,&nbsp;J.R. Martínez-Aranzales","doi":"10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The dexamethasone suppression test (DST) has been used in humans for the diagnosis of psychiatric problems such as depression, anxiety and Cushing's syndrome, and in horses for the <em>ante mortem</em> diagnosis of dysfunction of the intermediate part of the pituitary.</div></div><div><h3>Aims/objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to examine the functionality of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis through the DST and the cortisol index (CI), to evaluate the rhythmicity of the circadian cycle of cortisol in healthy horses with crib-biting or windsucking.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 20 Colombian Creole horses of both sexes, under similar management conditions and a complete stabling system, formed two study groups: crib-biting horses (G1) (<em>n</em> = 10) and non-crib-biting horses (G2) (<em>n</em> = 10). Blood samples were taken in the morning and afternoon to determine the CI, and immediately after collection in the afternoon, the DST protocol was established. The serum cortisol concentration was determined through sandwich ELISA at all established times and after dexamethasone treatment for each group.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Serum cortisol concentrations were equal in both groups (G1: 9.52 ± 7.01 µg/dl; G2: 8.4 ± 5.30 µg/dl), with no difference in CI, and DST was positive in all animals regardless of their clinical condition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The DST and the CI did not distinguish horses with and without crib-biting. It is necessary to implement techniques with greater precision in longitudinal studies and establish specific reference values and cutoff points for the interpretation of cortisol suppression for cases of crib-biting, accompanied by other hormones such as adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticotropin-releasing hormone, owing to their multifactorial nature and high cortisol variability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15798,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Veterinary Science","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 105628"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144284956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic relationship between Neck and Limb defects in Pura Raza Española Horses","authors":"M. Ripollés-Lobo ,&nbsp;D.I. Perdomo-González ,&nbsp;R. Dos Santos ,&nbsp;M.J. Sánchez-Guerrero ,&nbsp;P. Azor ,&nbsp;M. Valera","doi":"10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Neck and limb conformational defects can impair functionality and performance in Pura Raza Española (PRE) horses. However, their potential genetic relationship has not been previously explored.</div></div><div><h3>Aims/Objectives</h3><div>To estimate the genetic correlations between two types of neck defects (Cresty neck -CN-, Ewe neck -EN-) and twelve conformational limb defects: Forelimb (Buck knee -BUK-, Calf knee -CK-, Bench knee -BEK-, Knock knee -KK-, Splay-footed forelimb -SFF-, Pigeon-toed forelimb -PTF-), rear limb (Closed hock -CH-, Open hock -OH-, Convergent hock -CVH-, Divergent hock -DVH-, Splay-footed rear limb -SFR-, Pigeon-toed rear limb -PTR-). We hypothesized that a genetic relationship exists between neck and limb morphology.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study analyzed 56,644 PRE horses evaluated between 2012 and 2023. Neck and limb conformation traits were scored using two approaches: A) two-class scale (0-no defect, 1-presence of defect); B) three-class scale for limb defects (0-no defect, 1-slight defect, 2-serious defect) and four-class scale for neck defects (0-no defect, 1-slight defect, 2-serious defect, 3-disqualifying defect). Genetic parameters were estimated, including age as a covariate, and sex, genetic origin, management of breeder's stud farm and inbreeding as fixed effects.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The most frequent limb defect among horses with neck defects was SFR (80.15 % in CN and 72.45 % in EN). Genetic correlations showed moderate relationships, ranging from -0.22(s.d.: 0.090) for EN-SFR to 0.44(s.d.: 0.123) for CN-DVH in approach A, and oscillating from -0.25(s.d.: 0.028) for CN<img>CVH to 0.51(s.d.: 0.228) for CN-SFF in approach B.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Results support the need for integrated selection strategies targeting both anatomical regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15798,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Veterinary Science","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 105630"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144281024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}