Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness最新文献

{"title":"Results from Chile's 2022 report card on physical activity for children and adolescents","authors":"Nicolas Aguilar-Farias ,&nbsp;Sebastian Miranda-Marquez ,&nbsp;Marcelo Toledo-Vargas ,&nbsp;Kabir P. Sadarangani ,&nbsp;Jessica Ibarra-Mora ,&nbsp;Pia Martino-Fuentealba ,&nbsp;Jaime Carcamo-Oyarzun ,&nbsp;Carlos Cristi-Montero ,&nbsp;Fernando Rodríguez-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Paula Guarda-Saavedra ,&nbsp;Teresa Balboa-Castillo ,&nbsp;Astrid Von Oetinger ,&nbsp;Andrea Cortinez-O'Ryan","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To summarize the results of Chile's 2022 Report Card (RC) on physical activity (PA) for Children and Adolescents.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Chile's 2022 RC included ten core PA indicators common to the Global Matrix 4.0. Evidence from scientific articles, reports, and databases published between 2018 and January 2022 was included for each indicator. The data were collected and analyzed by a national scientific committee, which assigned letter grades (A to F) using a consensus based on benchmarks defined and revised by the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The committee assigned the following grades: Overall PA, D−; Organized Sports and Physical Activity Participation, C−; Active Play, Incomplete; Active Transportation, D; Sedentary Behavior, D−; Physical Fitness, Incomplete; Family and Peers, D; School, C; Community and Environment, D+; Government, A−.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Chile's 2022 RC, like its previous versions, shows persistently low grades for most indicators. Overall PA remained nearly unchanged, while Community and Environment scored lower. Slight improvements were seen in Organized Sports, Family and Peers, and School Environment. While Chile has endeavored to increase children's activity levels, policies require implementation through a systemic, coherent framework to promote sustainable changes and reach a larger portion of children and youth.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 390-396"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X24000571/pdfft?md5=2b30914bca6f78c9be64e757cfc63a1c&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X24000571-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141934522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiome related to metabolic diseases after moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercise","authors":"Somi Yun ,&nbsp;Yongsuk Seo ,&nbsp;Yunbin Lee,&nbsp;Dae Taek Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background objectives</h3><p>The purpose of this study is to investigate changes in gut microbiota related to metabolic diseases after moderate and high-intensity exercise. A total of 24 participants were divided into three groups: Non-Exercise Group (NEG, n = 8, 28.6 ± 5.3 years, 176.0 ± 7.8 cm, 81.3 ± 14.6 kg), Moderate Intensity Exercise Group (MIEG, n = 8, 26.5 ± 3.3 years, 176.9 ± 5.0 cm, 75.4 ± 9.5 kg), and Vigorous Intensity Exercise Group (VIEG, n = 8, 30.6 ± 5.9 years, 174.2 ± 3.5 cm, 77.8 ± 12.2 kg).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The participants were selected by assessing physical activity, gut health status, presence of diseases, recent disease diagnoses, and dietary disorders. Those who reported any presence disease or recent disease diagnosis were excluded from the current study. Stool samples were collected after a 10-h fast for gut microbiome analysis. MIEG participants trained at 40–59 % heart rate reserve (HRR) for at least 150 min per week, while VIEG participants trained at ≥ 60 % HRR for at least 90 min per week. After 4 weeks, all participants provided stool samples for gut microbiome analysis.</p><p>Data analysis was conducted using the Wilcoxon test, with statistical significance set at ≤ 0.05.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results indicated an increase in Prevotella in MIEG, while Veillonella, Dorea_formicigenerans, and Dorea_longicatena exhibited a decrease (p &lt; 0.05). In VIEG, there was an increase in Bacteroides, Butyricimonas, Odoribacter, and Alistipes (p &lt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These modified microbial groups were associated with factors related to metabolic diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, colorectal cancer, diabetes, hypertension, metabolic liver diseases, and ischemic heart diseases. Additional research is essential to delve into the relationship between exercise and these alterations in the microbiome.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 375-382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X2400056X/pdfft?md5=2c691e3f3d6c1e794b7edff01621fb97&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X2400056X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141839236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing physical and cognitive function in older adults through walking & resistance exercise: Korean national aging project randomized controlled study","authors":"Parivash Jamrasi ,&nbsp;Xinxing Li ,&nbsp;Yunho Sung ,&nbsp;Dong Hyun Kim ,&nbsp;Seo Hyun Ahn ,&nbsp;Yu Seon Kang ,&nbsp;Wook Song","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The rapid aging of Korea's population underscores the urgent need for effective programs to enhance the well-being and longevity of the elderly. This study presents preliminary results from the Korean project, examining the impact of cost-effective and accessible exercise programs on functional performance of older people and to determine the long-term maintenance of intervention.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We randomized 90 older adults aged ≥65 years to the walking group (WG), resistance + walking (RWG), or active control (CG) group. We designed a 12-week main intervention (supervised resistance training 2 d/week and individual walking exercise) and a 12-week follow-up through self-directed exercise (same protocol but unsupervised). The participants’ mini mental state examination, color-word Stroop test and 5-time sit to stand, timed up &amp; go, handgrip strength, and knee extensor strength tests were assessed at pre, post, as well as follow-up.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>For the RWG group, significant improvements were found in timed up &amp; go (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and 5-time sit to stand (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) compared to CG, with benefits maintained at follow-up. Both RWG and WG showed significant enhancements in knee extensor power (RWG: <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001; WG: <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and flexor power (RWG: <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01; WG: <em>P</em> = 0.018) compared to CG. Although cognitive performance did not show significant group-by-time interactions, RWG exhibited improvements in the Stroop Color and Color-Word tests at follow-up compared to baseline.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>A resistance training program combined with walking effectively enhanced functional performance in older adults, providing lasting benefits over 12 weeks on physical functions, such as strength and endurance. However, it showed limited benefits on cognitive performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 383-389"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X24000558/pdfft?md5=9be4a1f148c4037cdcbba654ce6976ef&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X24000558-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141845499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediating role of physical fitness on the association between diet and health-related quality of life in adolescents","authors":"Alba Solera-Sanchez ,&nbsp;Maria Reyes Beltran-Valls ,&nbsp;Diego Moliner-Urdiales ,&nbsp;Mireia Adelantado-Renau","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The aim of this study was to analyse whether the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is mediated by physical fitness components (i.e., cardiorespiratory fitness, lower-limb strength, upper-limb strength and motor competence) in adolescents.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This is a cross-sectional study including mediation analyses. This study involved 181 adolescents (86 girls) aged 15.8 ± 0.3 years recruited from secondary schools and sport clubs located in Castellon (Spain). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated using the KIDMED questionnaire. HRQoL was assessed with the KIDSCREEN-10 questionnaire. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed using the 20-m shuttle run test. Lower-limb strength was assessed through the standing broad jump test. Upper-limb strength was evaluated using a handgrip dynamometer. Motor competence was assessed using the 4 × 10 m shuttle run test. Mediation analyses were performed for each physical fitness component in order to assess its mediating effect on the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and HRQoL. Indirect effects (IE) with confidence intervals (CI) not including zero were interpreted as statistically significant.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Cardiorespiratory fitness and lower-limb strength had a mediating effect on the positive association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and HRQoL (IE = 0.11, 95 % CI = 0.01; 0.27 and IE = 0.07, 95 % CI = 0.01; 0.19). Upper-limb strength and motor competence did not act as mediators in the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and HRQoL (IE = 0.00, 95 % CI = −0.04; 0.07 and IE = 0.01, 95 % CI = −0.03; 0.07, respectively).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings showed that the positive association of adherence to the Mediterranean diet on adolescents' HRQoL was mediated by physical fitness. Educational and public health strategies aiming to improve Spanish adolescents’ HRQoL should focus on diet and physical fitness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 369-374"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X24000546/pdfft?md5=51ba0e4a68f9e7492e389362f0dc0345&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X24000546-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141950898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 infection decreases cardiorespiratory fitness and time-trial performance even two months after returning to regular training — Insights from a longitudinal case series of well-trained kayak athletes","authors":"Shengji Deng ,&nbsp;Mingyue Yin ,&nbsp;Zhili Chen ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Deng ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Wang ,&nbsp;Yuxi Li ,&nbsp;Mengde Lyu ,&nbsp;Boyi Zhang ,&nbsp;Shaoqiang Zhu ,&nbsp;Shenggui Hu ,&nbsp;George P. Nassis ,&nbsp;Yongming Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.05.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesf.2024.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The aims of this study were to examine the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and time-trial performance in vaccinated well-trained young kayak athletes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This is a longitudinal observational study. Sixteen (7 male, 9 female) vaccinated kayakers underwent body composition assessment, maximal graded exercise test, and 1000-m time-trial tests 21.9 ± 1.7 days before and 66.0 ± 2.2 days after the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The perception of training load was quantified with Borg's CR-10 scale before and after the infection return to sport period.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There were significant decreases in peak oxygen uptake (−9.7 %; effect size [ES] = 1.38), peak oxygen pulse (−5.7 %; ES = 0.96), and peak heart rate (−1.9 %; ES = 0.61). Peak minute ventilation, and minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production slope were unchanged after infection compared to the pre-infection values. In the entire 1000-m, the impaired tendencies were found in completion time, mean power, and mean speed (−2.4 to 1.2 %; small ESs = -0.40 to 0.47) as well as significant changes in stroke rate and stroke length (−4.5 to 3.7 %; ESs = -0.60 to 0.73).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>SARS-CoV-2 infection decreased CRF and time-trial performance even two months after return to regular training in vaccinated athletes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 350-358"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X24000455/pdfft?md5=b843a2eafe13d15ab4e5cd7662b43d4d&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X24000455-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141480876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical exercise-related manifestations of long COVID: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Chen Zheng ,&nbsp;Jun-Jie Chen ,&nbsp;Zi-Han Dai ,&nbsp;Ke-Wen Wan ,&nbsp;Feng-Hua Sun ,&nbsp;Jun-Hao Huang ,&nbsp;Xiang-Ke Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aims to systematically assess physical exercise-related symptoms of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC or long COVID) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Eight databases were systematically searched on March 03, 2024. Original studies that compared physical exercise-related parameters measured by exercise testing between COVID-19 survivors who recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection over 3 months and non-COVID-19 controls were included. A random-effects model was utilized to determine the mean differences (MDs) or standardized MDs in the meta-analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 40 studies with 6241 COVID-19 survivors were included. The 6-min walk test, maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂max), and anaerobic threshold were impaired in COVID-19 survivors 3 months post-infection compared with non-COVID-19 controls in exercise testing, while VO₂ were comparable between the two groups at rest. In contrast, no differences were observed in SpO₂, heart rate, blood pressure, fatigue, and dyspnea between COVID-19 survivors and non-COVID-19 controls in exercise testing.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The findings suggest an underestimation of the manifestations of PASC. COVID-19 survivors also harbor physical exercise-related symptoms of PASC that can be determined by the exercise testing and are distinct from those observed at rest. Exercise testing should be included while evaluating the symptoms of PASC in COVID-19 survivors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 341-349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X24000431/pdfft?md5=7a96ddc374f2e975fcd83dd5946d31e0&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X24000431-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141403319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How many adults have sufficient muscle-strengthening exercise and the associated factors: A systematic review consisting of 2,629,508 participants","authors":"Zhanbing Ren ,&nbsp;Yanjie Zhang ,&nbsp;Clemens Drenowatz ,&nbsp;Narelle Eather ,&nbsp;Jintao Hong ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Jin Yan ,&nbsp;Sitong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The aim of this systematic review was to (1) estimate the prevalence of adhering to the MSE guidelines (at least 2 times/days a week) among adults; and (2) synthesize evidence on the correlates of adhering to the MSE guidelines.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Five electronic databases were searched (March 2022), with a total of 30 observational studies consisting of 2,629,508 participants meeting the eligibility criteria. A meta-analysis was conducted to pool the prevalence of adhering to the MSE guidelines using the results of 21 eligible studies (study aim 1); and data reporting correlates of adhering to the MSE guidelines using 12 eligible studies were synthesized and categorized based on the Socioecological Model Framework (study aim 2).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Overall, 22.8 % (95%CI: 18.18 % ─ 27.77 %) of adults adhered to the MSE guidelines, and 23 potential correlates at five levels were examined. Five variables (i.e., sex, age, education level, socioeconomic status) at the sociodemographic level and two variables (i.e., body mass index, self-rated health) at the physical related level were identified as consistent correlates, but displaying weak to moderate association strengths.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Less than a quarter of adults meet the MSE guidelines and multidimensional correlates are associated with the adherence to the guidelines, particularly sociodemographic correlates (e.g., sex, age, and educational level). Findings highlight the need to further promote the importance of engaging in MSE among adults and investing effective interventions that not only provide opportunities for MSE for adults, but also facilitate the development of skills and confidence to engage in MSE.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 359-368"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X24000443/pdfft?md5=2bca93653c62ef21598661e99360d806&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X24000443-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141396825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of volume-matched once-weekly and thrice-weekly high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on body adiposity in adults with central obesity: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial","authors":"Chit K. Leung ,&nbsp;Joshua D.K. Bernal ,&nbsp;Angus P. Yu ,&nbsp;Francesco Recchia ,&nbsp;Bjorn T. Tam ,&nbsp;Daniel Y.T. Fong ,&nbsp;Derwin K.C. Chan ,&nbsp;Heidi H. Ngai ,&nbsp;Chi H. Lee ,&nbsp;Patrick S.H. Yung ,&nbsp;Stephen H.S. Wong ,&nbsp;Martin Gibala ,&nbsp;Parco M. Siu","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aims to examine the comparative effects of 75 min of volume-matched once-weekly and thrice-weekly high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on body adiposity in adults with central obesity.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This assessor-blinded, three-arm, randomized controlled trial will recruit 315 physically inactive adults with central obesity (aged ≥18 years, body mass index ≥23, waist circumference ≥90 cm for men and ≥80 cm for women). Participants will be randomly allocated to the once-weekly HIIT, thrice-weekly HIIT or usual care control group. Participants in the HIIT groups will receive weekly exercise training sessions for 16 weeks, prescribed either once or three times weekly. Each HIIT session will consist of a supervised program of four 4-min high-intensity intervals at 85%–95% peak heart rate (HR_peak) interspersed with 3-min active recovery intervals at 50%–70% HR_peak. Participants in the once-weekly HIIT group will perform the 25-min HIIT bout three times with a break between each 25-min HIIT bout. The usual care control group will receive bi-weekly health education classes. The outcome assessments will be conducted at baseline, 16 weeks (post-intervention) and 32 weeks (follow-up). The primary outcome will be total body adiposity assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The secondary outcome measures will include markers of cardiovascular and metabolic health (body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, blood pressure, and blood lipids), mental health, cognitive performance, health-related quality of life, sleep quality, habitual physical activity, diet, medication, adverse events and adherence to the intervention.</p></div><div><h3>Impact of the project</h3><p>The findings from this study are expected to consolidate the therapeutic efficacy of HIIT for the management of central obesity and inform the comparative compliance, feasibility and suitability of once-weekly and thrice-weekly HIIT as exercise strategies to manage obesity. In particular, the present study is expected to provide a novel perspective on the utility of low-frequency HIIT (i.e., once-weekly) as an effective and sustainable exercise strategy to tackle the obesity pandemic. The anticipated findings will hold substantial translational value by informing public health policies and enhancing exercise compliance in the physically inactive obese population.</p></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><p>ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04887454).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 329-340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X24000418/pdfft?md5=34cb27fb83cd61d2674f8dc72a7f2cb7&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X24000418-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141408088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric property and measurement invariance of perceived benefits and barriers of physical activity in Chinese adolescents","authors":"Jun Dai ,&nbsp;Han Chen ,&nbsp;Haichun Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesf.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The perceived benefits and barriers to physical activity play crucial roles in determining daily physical activity levels. However, previous studies have employed tools lacking adequate validation, leading to inconsistent conclusions about the impact of these two factors. Therefore, this national, population-based study was conducted to assess the psychometric properties, measurement invariance, and predictive validity of the Chinese versions of the perceived benefits (C-PBEPA) and barriers to physical activity (C-PBAPA) scales.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The final sample (N = 2942, 49.3 % for boys) was randomly split into two subsamples. The first subsample was used for exploratory factor analysis and the second subsample was used for confirmatory factor analysis. Measurement invariance across gender and age groups were examined. Structural equation models were developed to examine the predictive validity of the revised C-PBEPA and C-PBAPA on moderate to vigorous PA.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results showed that both scales were unidimensional, had excellent model fit (e.g., <em>X</em>²/df &lt; 3, CFI &gt;0.9, RMSEA &lt;0.06) and demonstrated convergent validity. Findings also revealed lack of scalar invariance for C-PBAPA between preadolescents and adolescents’ groups (ΔCFI &gt;0.01) and supported the predictive validity of both scales (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study demonstrated that the revised C-PBEPA and C-PBAPA are valid scales for measuring Chinese adolescents’ perceived benefits and barriers to PA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 322-328"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X2400042X/pdfft?md5=a5d32ed34e7145ea251ea8ba3262c0d5&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X2400042X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141250973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of probiotic supplementation on 12 min run performance, mood management, body composition and gut microbiota in amateur marathon runners: A double-blind controlled trial","authors":"Le Wang ,&nbsp;Fan-Jing Meng ,&nbsp;Yi-Han Jin ,&nbsp;Li-Qiang Wu ,&nbsp;Ruo-Yu Tang ,&nbsp;Kuang-Hui Xu ,&nbsp;Yun Guo ,&nbsp;Jun-Jie Mao ,&nbsp;Jian-Ping Ding ,&nbsp;Jie Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Probiotic supplementation has a positive effect on endurance exercise performance and body composition in athletes, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Gut microbiota can provide measurable markers of immune function in athletes, and microbial composition analysis may be sensitive enough to detect stress and metabolic disorders caused by exercise.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Nineteen healthy active amateur marathon runners (15 male and 4 female) with a mean age of 29.11 years volunteered to participate in this double-blind controlled study. Based on the performance of the Cooper 12-min running test (CRT), the participants were allocated into two groups to receive either a probiotic formulation comprising lactobacillus acidophilus and bifidobacterium longum (n = 10) or placebo containing maltodextrin (n = 9) for five weeks. Consistency of diet and exercise was ensured throughout the experimental period. Before and after the intervention, all participants were assessed for CRT, emotional stability and gastrointestinal symptoms, gut microbiota composition, body composition and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicators of skeletal muscle microcirculation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Compared to before the intervention, the probiotics group showed an increase in CRT score (2.88 ± 0.57 vs 3.01 ± 0.60 km, <em>P</em>＜0.05), significant improvement in GSRS and GIQLI (9.20 ± 4.64 vs 7.40 ± 3.24, 118.90 ± 12.30 vs 127.50 ± 9.85, <em>P</em>＜0.05), while these indicators remained unchanged in the control group, with a significant time-group interaction effect on gastrointestinal symptoms. Additionally, some MRI metabolic cycling indicators of the thigh skeletal muscle also changed in the probiotics group (<em>P</em>＜0.05). Regarding microbiota abundance, the probiotics group exhibited a significant increase in the abundance of beneficial bacteria and a significant decrease in the abundance of harmful bacteria post-intervention (<em>P</em>＜0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>As a sports nutritional supplement, probiotics have the potential to improve athletic performance by optimizing the balance of gut microbiota, alleviating gastrointestinal symptoms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 297-304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X2400039X/pdfft?md5=9b1efa1e6706b6e156e0526d7b0388fb&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X2400039X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140764807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}