{"title":"Electrospinning Enables Opportunity for Green and Effective Antibacterial Coatings of Medical Devices.","authors":"Saverio Caporalini, Bahareh Azimi, Samir Zergat, Mahdi Ansari Chaharsoughi, Homa Maleki, Giovanna Batoni, Serena Danti","doi":"10.3390/jfb16070249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16070249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing antimicrobial resistance and the increasing environmental concerns associated with conventional antibacterial agents have prompted a search for more effective and sustainable alternatives. Biopolymer-based nanofibers are promising candidates to produce environment-friendly antibacterial coatings, owing to their high surface-to-volume ratio, structural adaptability, and tunable porosity. These features make them particularly well-suited for delivering antimicrobial agents in a controlled manner and for physically modifying the surface of medical devices. This review critically explores recent advances in the use of electrospun fibers enhanced with natural antimicrobial agents as eco-friendly surface coatings. The mechanisms of antibacterial action, key factors affecting their efficacy, and comparisons with conventional antibacterial agents are discussed herein. Emphasis is placed on the role of a \"green electrospinning\" process, which utilizes bio-based materials and nontoxic solvents, to enable coatings able to better combat antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Applications in various clinical settings, including implants, wound dressings, surgical textiles, and urinary devices, are explored. Finally, the environmental benefits and prospects for the scalability and sustainability of green coatings are discussed to underscore their relevance to next-generation, sustainable solutions in healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":15767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Biomaterials","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144707683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiyoung Kwon, Jungwon Kim, Dongseok Choi, Duck-Su Kim
{"title":"The Influence of Drying Time, Application Mode, and Agitation on the Dentin Bond Strength of a Novel Mesoporous Bioactive Glass-Containing Universal Dentin Adhesive.","authors":"Jiyoung Kwon, Jungwon Kim, Dongseok Choi, Duck-Su Kim","doi":"10.3390/jfb16070247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16070247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the influence of drying time, application mode, and agitation on the micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) of a novel mesoporous bioactive glass-containing universal adhesive (Hi-Bond Universal). Twelve experimental groups were established according to drying time (blot-dry, 10 s dry, or 20 s dry), application mode (total-etch or self-etch), and agitation (with or without). The μTBS test and failure mode analysis were performed for each experimental group (<i>n</i> = 20), and an adhesive interface was observed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy. The μTBS of all experimental groups was analyzed using a three-way ANOVA and Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) post hoc test (α = 0.05). The total-etch mode yielded higher μTBS than the self-etch mode in the blot-dry and 10 s dry groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Agitation also significantly increased the μTBS in the blot-dry and 10 s dry groups for both application modes (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, application mode and agitation had no effect on the μTBS in the 20 s dry group (<i>p</i> > 0.05). FE-SEM revealed longer and more uniform resin tags after agitation in the blot-dry and 10 s dry groups for both application modes. In conclusion, total-etch mode and agitation effectively increased the bond strength of mesoporous bioactive glass-containing universal adhesives.</p>","PeriodicalId":15767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Biomaterials","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144707637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accompanying Titanium Meshes and Titanium-Reinforced Membranes with Collagen Membranes in Vertical Alveolar Ridge Augmentations: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Amir-Ali Yousefi-Koma, Reza Amid, Anahita Moscowchi, Hanieh Nokhbatolfoghahaei, Mahdi Kadkhodazadeh","doi":"10.3390/jfb16070246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16070246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Vertical ridge augmentations (VRAs), including guided bone regeneration (GBR) techniques, have been utilized in the reconstruction of deficient alveolar ridges for quite some time. GBR-based VRA procedures are technique-sensitive, operator-dependent, and often lead to complications detected during or after the treatment. The main objective of this systematic review was to include randomized and non-randomized human studies that investigated the regenerative outcome differences, as well as the incidence rates of healing and surgical complications of titanium meshes and/or titanium-reinforced membranes with and without collagen membranes utilized in GBR-based VRA. <b>Methods:</b> This systematic review has been prepared and organized according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines and is registered at PROSPERO (Registration ID: CRD420251002615). Medline via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for eligible studies up to 5 June 2025. Randomized and non-randomized human clinical studies, except for case reports, focused on applying titanium meshes or titanium-reinforced membranes with or without collagen membranes in GBR-based VRA, were eligible. <b>Results:</b> A total of 119 patients from three human randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and one case series reported across nine articles were included. The addition of collagen membranes causes no significant differences in vertical bone gain or surgical/healing complication rates. <b>Conclusions:</b> The addition of collagen membranes on top of titanium meshes and titanium-reinforced membranes might not be necessary in GBR-based VRA. Further human RCTs are required to reach a reliable conclusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":15767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Biomaterials","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144707675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Janet Jisoo Lee, Meigan Niu, Zinah Shakir, Geelsu Hwang, Chun-Hsi Chung, Mark S Wolff, Zhong Zheng, Chenshuang Li
{"title":"Usage of Silver Nanoparticles in Orthodontic Bonding Reagents.","authors":"Janet Jisoo Lee, Meigan Niu, Zinah Shakir, Geelsu Hwang, Chun-Hsi Chung, Mark S Wolff, Zhong Zheng, Chenshuang Li","doi":"10.3390/jfb16070244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16070244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fixed orthodontic appliances, which are cemented to tooth surfaces, complicate the maintenance of oral hygiene and create a rough surface that is favorable for bacteria attachment. Additionally, the presence of orthodontic appliances may conceive a unique environment that interacts with cariogenic microorganisms, fostering a distinct microbial ecosystem compared to that of the patients without orthodontic appliances, thus increasing the vulnerability of tooth surfaces to demineralization and caries formation. Silver (Ag) has shown strong antimicrobial effects and has been extensively investigated in the medical field. Here, we aim to review the antibacterial properties and potential side effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) when incorporated into orthodontic bonding reagents. This valuation could contribute to the development of novel bonding reagents designed to prevent the formation of white spot lesions and caries during orthodontic treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":15767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Biomaterials","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144707640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prevention of Tooth Discoloration Using Fluoride Varnish Immediately After Bleaching.","authors":"Ryotaro Yago, Chiharu Kawamoto, Rafiqul Islam, Hirofumi Kaneko, Monica Yamauti, Masayuki Otsuki, Hidehiko Sano, Atsushi Tomokiyo","doi":"10.3390/jfb16070245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16070245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tooth bleaching is a widely used esthetic treatment; however, bleaching agents can temporarily alter the surface morphology of enamel, increasing surface roughness and porosity, which may lead to increased susceptibility to discoloration. This in vitro study investigated the effectiveness of fluoride varnish in preventing immediate discoloration of bovine incisors after bleaching. Specimens were bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide and treated with either Clinpro White Varnish (CW) or Enamelast Fluoride Varnish (EN), whereas control specimens received no treatment after bleaching. The samples were immersed in coffee for 24 h, and the color difference (Δ<i>E</i><sub>00</sub>) was calculated using the CIEDE2000 formula. The surface morphology of enamel was examined using SEM. The fluoride varnish groups showed significantly lower color difference values than the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05), with Δ<i>E</i><sub>00</sub> reduced by approximately two-thirds in both the CW and EN groups. SEM observations showed that the enamel surfaces in the varnish-treated groups exhibited reduced surface irregularities compared to the untreated group, suggesting remineralization. These results suggest that the immediate application of fluoride varnish after bleaching can effectively reduce short-term discoloration by providing physical protection and promoting remineralization. Fluoride varnish may serve as a simple and effective strategy to maintain whitening outcomes and minimize early discoloration.</p>","PeriodicalId":15767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Biomaterials","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144707700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photothermal Release by Melanin-like Nanoparticles: Biomedical Applications.","authors":"Arianna Menichetti, Silvia Vicenzi, Agata Pane, Dario Mordini, Fabrizio Mancin, Marco Montalti","doi":"10.3390/jfb16070243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16070243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melanin-like nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit a remarkable ability to absorb light across a wide range of wavelengths, from the ultraviolet (UV) to the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum. This characteristic enables them to serve as effective photothermal agents (PTAs). Upon irradiation, especially within the NIR window, a region where biological tissues are highly transparent, these NPs efficiently convert light energy into heat. This phenomenon, known as the photothermal effect, leads to localized temperature increases. The resulting heat can be strategically employed to induce selective cell death in photothermal therapy (PTT) or to enhance the release of therapeutic agents directly from the NPs. The inherent versatility of melanin-like NPs, stemming from their synthesis methods and the presence of various functional groups, allows for straightforward loading with drugs or other bioactive molecules. Consequently, they are attractive tools for photothermally activated release. This review paper thoroughly examines and critically discusses the latest applications of melanin-like NPs in photothermally controlled release. We dedicate a specific section to general mechanisms and approaches, and this paper concludes with an analysis of critical challenges and prospective future developments.</p>","PeriodicalId":15767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Biomaterials","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144707699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"One- and Two-Year Efficacy of Resin Infiltration and Remineralization for the Treatment of Initial Proximal Caries.","authors":"Veselina Todorova, Ivan Filipov","doi":"10.3390/jfb16070242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16070242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proximal caries presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Recent understanding of the etiology and pathology of dental caries has led to the adoption of non-invasive and/or minimally invasive approaches in the early stages of caries lesions. This clinical study aimed to compare the efficacy of resin infiltration and remineralization in the treatment of initial proximal caries lesions over a 1- and 2-year follow-up period. The study involved 47 patients aged between 18 and 38 years. Patients were clinically examined and underwent bitewing radiography to detect at least three initial proximal caries lesions. Each detected lesion (180 in total) was randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: (1) resin infiltration with Icon Proximal Infiltrant (DMG); (2) remineralization with Clinpro White Varnish (3M); and (3) a control group receiving no treatment. One year after treatment, caries progression was found in 30 lesions (16.6%) with the following distribution across the three treatment groups: 2/60 (3%) in the infiltration group; 11/60 (18%) in the remineralization group; 17/60 (28.30%) in the no treatment control group with a significant statistical difference between the groups (<i>p</i> = 0.001). In terms of lesion depth, 12 (11%) out of 106 E2 lesions progressed and 18 out of 74 (24%) D1 lesions progressed, with a significant difference (<i>p</i> = 0.037). Two years after treatment, five new lesions were found to have progressed (one E2 and four D1), distributed as follows: 0% in the infiltration group, 3.6% in the remineralization group, and 5% in the control group. In conclusion, resin infiltration exhibited the lowest percentage of progressed lesions and could be considered a reliable, non-invasive treatment for initial proximal caries.</p>","PeriodicalId":15767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Biomaterials","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144707697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iosif-Aliodor Timofticiuc, Ana Caruntu, Christiana Diana Maria Dragosloveanu, Andreea-Elena Scheau, Ioana Anca Badarau, Argyrios Periferakis, Serban Dragosloveanu, Andreea Cristiana Didilescu, Constantin Caruntu, Cristian Scheau
{"title":"Head and Neck 3D Bioprinting-A Review on Recent Advancements in Soft Tissue 3D Bioprinting and Medical Applications.","authors":"Iosif-Aliodor Timofticiuc, Ana Caruntu, Christiana Diana Maria Dragosloveanu, Andreea-Elena Scheau, Ioana Anca Badarau, Argyrios Periferakis, Serban Dragosloveanu, Andreea Cristiana Didilescu, Constantin Caruntu, Cristian Scheau","doi":"10.3390/jfb16070240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16070240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent developments in 3D bioprinting offer innovative alternative solutions to classical treatments for head and neck defects. Soft tissues in an anatomical area as diverse in composition as the head and neck are complex in terms of structure and function. Understanding how cellular interaction underlies functionality has led to the development of bioinks capable of mimicking the natural morphology and roles of different human parts. Moreover, from the multitude of recently developed materials, there are now many options for building scaffolds that potentiate the activity of these cells. The fidelity and accuracy of the utilized techniques ensure maximum precision in terms of model construction. Emerging technologies will allow for improved control of the scaffold, facilitating optimal results in the treatment of various pathologies, without concerns about the availability of donors, immunological response, or any other side effects that traditional treatments withhold. This paper explores the current landscape of bioprinted scaffolds and their applications in the head and neck region, with a focus on the properties and use of natural and synthetic bioinks in the attempt to replicate the biomechanical features of native tissues. Customization capabilities that support anatomical precision and biofunctionality are also addressed. Moreover, regulatory requirements, as well as current challenges related to biocompatibility, immune response, and vascularization, are critically discussed in order to provide a comprehensive overview of the pathway to clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":15767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Biomaterials","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144707687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction: Seifalian et al. A Novel Graphene-Based Nanomaterial for the Development of a Pelvic Implant to Treat Pelvic Organ Prolapse. <i>J. Funct. Biomater.</i> 2024, <i>15</i>, 351.","authors":"Amelia Seifalian, Alex Digesu, Vik Khullar","doi":"10.3390/jfb16070239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16070239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the original publication [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":15767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Biomaterials","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144707681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extracellular Synthesis of Bioactive Silver Nanoparticles Using <i>Brevibacillus</i> sp. MAHUQ-41 and Their Potential Application Against Drug-Resistant Bacterial Pathogens <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> and <i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i>.","authors":"Md Amdadul Huq","doi":"10.3390/jfb16070241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16070241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of current study was the green synthesis of bioactive silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using <i>Brevibacillus</i> sp. MAHUQ-41 and the exploration of their role in controlling drug-resistant bacterial pathogens <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> and <i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i>. The culture supernatant of strain MAHUQ-41 was employed for a simple and eco-friendly synthesis of biofunctional silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The resulting nanoparticles were analyzed using several techniques, including UV-Visible spectroscopy, XRD, FE-TEM, FTIR, and DLS. The UV-Vis spectral analysis of the AgNPs synthesized via <i>Brevibacillus</i> sp. MAHUQ-41 revealed a prominent absorption peak at 400 nm. FE-TEM results confirmed spherical-shaped 15-60 nm sized nanoparticles. XRD results indicated that the synthesized AgNPs were crystalline in nature. The FTIR spectrum determined various functional groups on the surface of synthesized nanoparticles. Potent antibacterial properties were observed in green-synthesized AgNPs against tested pathogens. The MIC value of extracellular synthesized AgNPs for both pathogenic bacteria was 6.2 µg/mL, and the MBCs were 25.0 µg/mL and 12.5 µg/mL for <i>L. monocytogenes</i> and <i>Y. enterocolitica,</i> respectively. Treatment by synthesized AgNPs resulted in morphological alterations and structural damages in both <i>L. monocytogenes</i> and <i>Y. enterocolitica</i>. These alterations can interfere with regular cellular activities, potentially resulting in cell death. This study is the first to report the antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles synthesized using <i>Brevibacillus</i> sp. MAHUQ-41. The findings obtained in the present study supported the role of <i>Brevibacillus</i> sp. MAHUQ-41-mediated synthesized AgNPs in controlling drug-resistant bacterial pathogens <i>L. monocytogenes</i> and <i>Y. enterocolitica</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":15767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Biomaterials","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144707685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}