Journal of ethnopharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Zuogui pills ameliorate chemotherapy-induced ovarian aging by improving stemness, regulating cell cycle and reducing apoptosis of oogonial stem cells via the Notch1/Nrf2 pathway","authors":"Zuang Li , Yuewei Lin , Yuxin Zou , Yunyi Liang , Lihua Zeng , Yixuan Wang , Yucheng Li , Yun Zong , Yuying Zhang , Yunling Zheng , Yixuan Cui , Liuqian Huang , Zhuoting Chen , Xinyi Pan , Ling Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Ethnopharmacological relevance</h3><div>Zuogui Pills (ZGP) is a classic traditional Chinese herbal formula originating from the Ming Dynasty. It has been widely used in the treatment of kidney deficiency-related diseases, including ovarian aging.</div></div><div><h3>Aim of the study</h3><div>To investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of ZGP on ovarian aging induced by the chemotherapeutic agent cyclophosphamide (CTX), as well as its impact on the therapeutic target, oogonial stem cells (OSCs), involving the Notch1/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This study utilized High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to analyze the active components of Zuogui Pills (ZGP). In <em>vivo</em> experiments involved the establishment of an ovarian aging model in female rats through intraperitoneal injection of CTX, followed by an 8-week treatment with ZGP and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). The Notch pathway inhibitor DAPT was administered via intraperitoneal injection, followed by ZGP intervention to validate its therapeutic effects. Transcriptomic sequencing was used to analyze the differential genes before and after ZGP treatment of CTX-induced ovarian aging, and KEGG and GO analyses were applied to assess the changes in relevant signaling pathways and biological processes. In <em>vitro</em> experiments included the extraction, separation, and purification of ovarian germ stem cells, followed by transfection with a Notch1 overexpression plasmid. The CTX active component 4-Hydroxycyclophosphamide (4HC) was used for model intervention, and ZGP, DHEA-containing serum, and DAPT were applied to intervene with the oogonial stem cells. The effects of CTX modeling, the therapeutic efficacy of ZGP, and the general condition of the rats were observed. H&E staining was employed to assess ovarian morphology and follicle counting at various stages. Serum hormone levels were measured using ELISA, while qPCR, Western blot, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and IHC were utilized to analyze the expression of the Notch1/Nrf2 pathway, cell cycle proteins, and stemness-related indicators. Flow cytometry, TUNEL fluorescence, and CCK8 assays were conducted to evaluate changes in cell cycle composition, apoptosis, and proliferation. Finally, ChIP-qPCR was employed to validate the transcriptional regulation of the target gene <em>NFE2L2</em> by Notch1.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ZGP improved serum sex hormones in ovarian aging rats, enhanced ovarian index, and optimized ovarian and uterine morphology, as well as follicle quantity composition. After transcriptome sequencing, KEGG analysis enriched the Notch signaling pathway and cell cycle, while GO analysis highlighted enrichment in the Notch pathway and stem cell population maintenance. Various experiments validated that ZGP significantly improved the expression of cell cycle-related proteins Cyclin D1 (CCND1), Cyclin E","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 119105"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142695693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inula viscosa (L). Aiton leaves extract ameliorate arthritis by antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in formaldehyde-induced arthritis in mice","authors":"Sara Ouari ,&nbsp;Nadia Benzidane ,&nbsp;Mohamed Sofiane Merakeb ,&nbsp;Chahla Bencharif ,&nbsp;Lekhmici Arrar ,&nbsp;Noureddine Bribi","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Ethnopharmacological relevance</h3><div><em>Inula viscosa</em> (L.) Aiton is a traditional medicinal plant widely distributed and used in Mediterranean countries, its leaves are prepared by maceration to treat, rheumatic pain, inflammatory diseases, diabetes, anemia and cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Aim of the study</h3><div>The present study purpose to investigate the anti-inflammatory efficacy of <em>I. viscosa</em> leaves methanol extract (IVME) at three different doses on formaldehyde-induced arthritis in NMRI albinos mice.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Mice were divided into six groups (n = 6) as follows: normal control, disease control, Diclofenac group (10 mg/kg, p.o. daily) and three groups, daily treated with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg IVME (p.o.); Formaldehyde models were obtained by a sub-plantar administration of 20 μl of formaldehyde (3.75% v/v) into the right hind paws of NMRI albino mice on 1st and 3rd days of the 10 experimental days. Joint diameter was measured, arthritis severity was evaluated by inhibition of paw edema, histological changes, synovial hyperplasia and immune cells infiltration was evaluated by histological and immunohistochemical analyses of CD3⁺, CD20⁺ and CD68⁺. Post-mitochondrial supernatants (PMS) from liver tissues homogenates were collected for the assessment of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants: Catalase (CAT) &amp; Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities, glutathione (GSH) and an oxidative stress biomarker (nitric-oxide (NO)) level.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Administration of <em>I. visocsa</em> (at low dose: 50 mg/kg) significantly (∗∗∗<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) ameliorated the induced arthritis severity, reduced hyperplasia of synovial membrane, bone erosion and immune cells infiltration (∗<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), resulted by restoration of paw diameter. It also decreased levels of NO (∗∗∗<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and MPO activity (∗∗∗<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), and significantly restored GSH levels (∗<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) and CAT activity (∗∗∗<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) in liver tissues.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest that <em>I. viscosa</em> leaves have an anti-arthritic property. Which is due to the combination of antioxidant activity regulating oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory effect by probably cytokines regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 119154"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gan-Jiang-Ling-Zhu decoction improves steatohepatitis induced by choline-deficient-high-fat-diet through the METTL14/N6-methyladenosine-mediated Ugt2a3 expression","authors":"Jiaxuan Wu ,&nbsp;Sijing Xian ,&nbsp;Shengan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yunuo Yang ,&nbsp;Jiashu Pan ,&nbsp;Wenjun Zhou ,&nbsp;Dan Hu ,&nbsp;Guang Ji ,&nbsp;Yanqi Dang","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Ethnopharmacological relevance</h3><div>Gan-Jiang-Ling-Zhu (GJLZ) decoction, a classical Chinese herbal prescription, can be applied for the treatment of metabolic diseases including liver steatosis. Although GJLZ decoction has been widely applied clinically for thousands of years, the mechanism of GJLZ decoction behind treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) remains relatively unelucidated.</div></div><div><h3>Aim of the study</h3><div>To elucidate the efficacy of GJLZ decoction in the treatment of NASH and to investigate its underlying mechanisms from an epigenetic perspective.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>The quality control of chemical components in GJLZ decoction was conducted. C57BL/6J mice with NASH were induced by feeding them a choline-deficient-high-fat-diet (CDHFD), along with GJLZ decoction intervention for 4 weeks. Then NASH phenotypes including histological steatosis, inflammation, hepatic apoptosis, fibrosis, serum liver enzyme and lipid level were measured. N6-methyladenosine (m⁶A) and transcriptome sequencing were performed. Levels and functions of methyltransferases and different genes were performed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence, gene knockdown, oil red O staining and western blotting.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>GJLZ decoction significantly reduced liver weight, liver index and improved hepatic steatosis, and inflammation, as well as inhibited hepatic apoptosis and fibrosis. Moreover, GJLZ decoction significantly reduced the levels of lactate dehydrogenase, aminotransferase, triglyceride, aspartate aminotransferase, and inhibited levels of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor α. Transcriptome and m⁶A sequencing revealed the landscape of transcriptome and m⁶A modification influenced by NASH and the following GJLZ decoction intervention. Eleven differential genes were identified, and GJLZ markedly promoted m⁶A level of UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member A3 (Ugt2a3), to promote its expression. Additionally, GJLZ significantly promoted methyltransferase 14 (METTL14) expression, whereas METTL14 knockdown aggravated hepatocellular steatosis. Finally, METTL14 knockdown significantly reduced the level of Ugt2a3 by promoting its degradation, whereas, Ugt2a3 overexpression could markedly inhibit hepatocellular steatosis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>GJLZ decoction demonstrates potential in alleviating CDHFD-induced NASH by modulating the METTL14-m⁶A-Ugt2a3 axis, offering a novel therapeutic approach for NASH treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 119153"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142695599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics analysis combined with network pharmacology revealed the mechanisms of rutaecarpine in chronic atrophic gastritis","authors":"Lisheng Chen ,&nbsp;Lei Chang ,&nbsp;Wenbin Wu ,&nbsp;Manyi Jing ,&nbsp;Haotian Li ,&nbsp;Cong Niu ,&nbsp;Shizhang Wei ,&nbsp;Shishu Zhu ,&nbsp;Yanling Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119151","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Ethnopharmacological relevance&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tetradium ruticarpum&lt;/em&gt; (A.Juss.) T.G.Hartley is a traditional Chinese medicine with a history of thousands of years, which plays an important role in the relief of gastric pain, indigestion, vomiting and diarrhea. Rutaecarpine (RUT) is one of the major active constituents of &lt;em&gt;Tetradium ruticarpum&lt;/em&gt; (A.Juss.) T.G.Hartley with potential therapeutic activity in chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). However, the mechanism of RUT to improve CAG is not well understood.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Aim of this study&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of RUT in treating CAG and its underlying mechanism.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Materials and methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The CAG model of SD rats was established by induction with 0.1% ammonia and 20 mmol/L sodium deoxycholate solution, accompanied with irregular fasting cycle. The efficacy of RUT in treating CAG was assessed through pathological examination and serum biochemical indices including PP, IL-6, MTL, TNF-α, PG I, SS, PG II, IL-10 and GAS-17. Following this, network pharmacology, 16s rRNA sequencing, transcriptomics, and broadly targeted metabolomics were conducted to unravel the underlying mechanisms of RUT's action in CAG treatment. Ultimately, molecular docking, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were employed to validate the critical targets and pathways involved in RUT's therapeutic approach for CAG.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;RUT significantly improved body weight, gastric juice pH and gastric histologic injury in CAG rats. The results of serum biochemical indices showed that RUT significantly inhibited the expression levels of SS, GAS-17, IL-6 and TNF-α, and increased the levels of MTL, PP, PGI, PGII and IL-10. In addition, RUT apparently increased the expression of mucosal barrier proteins such as ZO-1, E-cadherin and claudin-4 and occludin. Network pharmacology in combination with transcriptomics revealed that the MAPK signaling pathway was the most important pathway for RUT treatment of CAG. Further analysis suggested that by regulating linoleic acid metabolism, metabolic pathways, etc. mainly related to energy metabolism, RUT intervention effectively ameliorated gastric tissue metabolic disorders in CAG rats. The 16S rRNA gene-based microbiota analysis revealed that RUT altered the composition of the intestinal microbiota and decreased the relative abundance of &lt;em&gt;unclassified_Muribaculaceae&lt;/em&gt;. PICRUST analysis suggested that the differential bacteria may be involved in energy metabolism pathway regulation for the improvement of CAG. A comprehensive analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome showed that the RUT improved the differential metabolites through the regulation of TGER2, CBR1 and CTPS1 targets.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;These findings indicated that RUT's mechanism of action in treating CAG was related to modulating the gut microbiota, influencing energy metabolism, and inhibiting the MAPK s","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 119151"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethanol extracts of Cinnamomum migao H.W. Li attenuates neuroinflammation in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via regulating TLR4-PI3K-Akt-NF-κB pathways","authors":"Wenze Wu ,&nbsp;Libin Xu ,&nbsp;Danyang Mu ,&nbsp;Dequan Wang ,&nbsp;Shaowen Tan ,&nbsp;Linge Liu ,&nbsp;Yubo Li ,&nbsp;Huifang Chai ,&nbsp;Yue Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Ethnopharmacological relevance</h3><div><em>Cinnamomum migao</em> H.W. Li, commonly known as migao (MG), is used in the Miao region of China for treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, attributed to its detoxifying (Jiedu in Chinese), activating blood circulation (Huoxue in Chinese), and promoting Qi circulation (Tongqi in Chinese) properties. However, its therapeutic potential for ischemic stroke (IS) remains unexplored. Therefore, this study was to explore the protective effect of MG against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by IS.</div></div><div><h3>Aim of the study</h3><div>The aim of this study was to investigate whether ethanol extract of MG (EEMG) attenuates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, and explored the underlying mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) was established, and the efficacy of EEMG was evaluated using triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC), immunofluorescence, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Qualitative analysis of EEMG was analyzed for chemical composition by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The molecular mechanism of EEMG was explored by metabolomics, network pharmacology, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence staining, gene knockdown, and agonist treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed that EEMG alleviates ischemic injury in MCAO/R-operated rats and reduces neuronal damage of OGD/R-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Specifically, EEMG inhibited the release of inflammatory factors and reversed serum metabolic profile disorders of MCAO/R rats. Network pharmacology analysis showed that the PI3K-Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways play a role in the neuroprotective effects of EEMG against ischemic injury and in mitigating the inflammatory response. Consistent with our expectations, EEMG activated PI3K-AKT and suppressed NF-kB signaling pathways both in MCAO/R-operated rats and OGD/R-treated BV2 cells. The results showed that knockdown of TLR4 abolished the EEMG-mediated inhibition on neuroinflammation in OGD/R-treated BV2 cells. After treating BV2 cells with the TLR4 agonist neoseptin 3, EEMG showed a trend toward inhibiting neuroinflammation, though the effect was not statistically significant. Additionally, EEMG was found to improve liver injury caused by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, which is associated with NF-κB signaling pathway in this study.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Collectively, this study demonstrated that EEMG attenuates neuroinflammation in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via regulating TLR4-PI3K-Akt-NF-κB pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 119150"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142695598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bambusa vulgaris leaf extract inhibits the inflammatory and oxidative pathways in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","authors":"Yetunde Victoria Aladenika ,&nbsp;Moses Orimoloye Akinjiyan ,&nbsp;Olusola Olalekan Elekofehinti ,&nbsp;Isaac Gbadura Adanlawo","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Ethnopharmacological relevance</h3><div>Traditional and medicinal plant treatments for diabetes mellitus (DM) include <em>Bambusa vulgaris</em> (Shrad.), but little is known about the mechanism.</div></div><div><h3>Aim of the study</h3><div>This study investigated the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of <em>B. vulgaris.</em></div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>DM was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). Thirty (30) male Wistar rats were then divided into six groups: control; diabetic control; metformin (100 mg/kg); 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of <em>B. vulgaris</em> (BV) treated. Fasting blood glucose and weights of rats were monitored at three-day intervals and sacrifice was done after twenty-one days. The activities of SOD, CAT, and liver marker enzymes were investigated. The expressions of insulin-sensitive (TGR5, GLP-1), pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, ICAM), and antioxidant genes (SOD, CAT) were investigated using RT-PCR. Schrödinger suites and Auto-Dock Vina were used for docking <em>B. vulgaris</em> phytocompounds identified from works of literature with TGR-5. The liver's histology was also assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>BV increased antioxidant activities and reduced liver marker activities in the serum. BV downregulated the expressions of genes associated with inflammation and upregulated antioxidant and insulin-sensitive genes relative to diabetic control. BV regenerated the liver architectural tissue degenerated by inflammation due to STZ. <em>B. vulgaris</em> phytocompounds like farobin A (−11.493 kcal/mol), orientin (−12.296 kcal/mol), and rutin (−12.581 kcal/mol) have better binding energy with TGR5 than metformin (−1.961 kcal/mol).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The hepatoprotective and ameliorative effect of <em>B. vulgaris</em> in DM could be due to its ability to boost antioxidant status and insulin secretion and reduce inflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 119116"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142695617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syk/Src/NF-κB axis is essentially targeted in anti-inflammatory and anti-gastritis effects of Bletilla striata ethanol extract","authors":"Ji Yeon Hwang ,&nbsp;Mi-Yeon Kim ,&nbsp;Jae Youl Cho","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Ethnopharmacological relevance</h3><div>Traditional herbal medicine books “Shin Rhong Bon Cho Kyung” and “Hyang Yak Jip Sung Bang” mentioned that <em>Bletilla striata</em> (Thunb.) Rchb.f. (Orchidaceae) was often used as a medicinal plant and is used in oriental medicine to treat wounds, inflammatory symptoms, and ulcers in stomach, lung, and skin. However, systematic studies on its value as a promising anti-inflammatory remedy were not fully elucidated yet.</div><div><em>Aim of the study</em>: The eventual goal of this paper was to explore anti-inflammatory and anti-gastritis effects of <em>Bletilla striata</em> and its inhibitory mechanism with an ethanol extract of this plant (Bs-EE).</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div><em>In vitro</em> study includes nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory test by was Griess assay, cell viability check by MTT assay, mRNA level analysis of inflammatory genes by PCR and RT-PCR, and protein level analysis by Western blotting and CESTA. In vivo analysis was done with a mouse gastritis model triggered by HCl/EtOH. Phytochemical finger printing result was observed by GC/MS-MS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our <em>in vitro</em> trials showed that Bs-EE dose-dependently reduced NO production in lipopolysaccharide-, Poly(I:C)-, and Pam3CSK-treated RAW264.7 cells without causing cytotoxicity, as shown by an MTT assay. The levels of inflammation-related genes (iNOS, IL-6, IL-1β) showed meaningful reductions in RT-PCR and real-time PCR. The NF-κB activity enhanced in MyD88-overexpressing HEK293T cells was strongly reduced by Bs-EE. Western blotting results indicated that the Bs-EE suppressed the phosphorylation of IκBα, IKKα/β, AKT, p65, p50, Syk, and Src, which produced anti-inflammatory effects. Both Syk and Src were found to be direct targets of Bs-EE. This extract attenuated the inflammatory effect in a murine acute gastritis model induced by HCl/EtOH.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that an ethanol extract of <em>Bletilla striata</em> could be developed as a promising natural anti-inflammatory drug or health functional food with NF-κB pathway inhibitory activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 119155"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142695691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ershen Zhenwu Decoction suppresses myocardial fibrosis of chronic heart failure with heart-kidney Yang deficiency by down-regulating the Ras Homolog Gene Family Member A/Rho-Associated Coiled-Coil Kinases signaling pathway.","authors":"Dan Cheng, Sheng Sheng, Jing Hu, Shanshan Cai, Yan Liu, Ruixi Gan, Zhenpeng Zhu, Lan Ge, Weidong Chen, Xiaoyu Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119146","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ethnopharmacological significance: &lt;/strong&gt;The therapeutic efficacy of Ershen Zhenwu Decoction (ESZWD)-a famous formulation from Xin'an for patients with chronic heart failure heart-kidney Yang deficiency (CHF-HKYD)-is well established. Still, the underlying molecular mechanism is not clear.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim of the study: &lt;/strong&gt;This study investigated mechanisms by which ESZWD suppresses cardiac pathology, including myocardial fibrosis, in CHF-HKYD model rats and Ang II-stimulated cardiac fibroblasts (CFs).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The components in ESZWD were analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with Quadrupole Time-Of-Flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS). CHF-HKYD model was established in the male Sprague-Dawley rats through bilateral thyroidectomy and intraperitoneal administration of 0.02% doxorubicin (DOX), twice weekly for 3 weeks. Subsequently, the CHF-HKYD model rats were randomly categorized into the Model, ESZWD-L (3.96 g/kg/d ESZWD), ESZWD-M (7.92 g/kg/d ESZWD), ESZWD-H (15.84 g/kg/d ESZWD), and Sac/Val (68 mg/kg/d sacubitril/valsartan) groups and treated daily for 4 weeks. As a control, the sham surgery group (Sham) was used. Primary cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were categorized into Control, Model, ESZWD, and Sac/Val groups. Then, the CFs were stimulated with Ang-II. The ESZWD and Sac/Val groups were incubated with different concentrations of drug-containing sera and their effects on CF viability were assessed via the CCK-8 assay. The ESZWD and Sac/Val groups received drug-containing serum concentrations determined by CCK-8 assay results. The cardioprotective effects of ESZWD were determined using echocardiography, Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) staining, Masson staining, and Sirius red staining, and the Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). ESZWD's effects on the Ras Homolog Gene Family Member A (RhoA)/Rho-Associated Coiled-Coil Kinases (ROCKs) signaling pathway and myocardial fibrosis were assessed by Western blotting and Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses. Immunofluorescence was used to observe fibrotic markers in CFs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;ESZWD treatment improved cardiac function in the CHF-HKYD rats by significantly reducing myocardial fibrosis and ventricular remodeling. ESZWD treatment increased the rats' body temperature (T&lt;sub&gt;b&lt;/sub&gt;) and 24-h urine volume, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and LV fractional shortening (LVFS), and decreased LV internal systolic diameter (LVIDs), LV internal diastolic diameter (LVIDd), and heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) compared to the Model group. In comparison to the model rats, ESZWD treatment decreased serum levels of B-type natriuretic peptide precursor (NT-proBNP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-11 (IL-11), and IL-17A. ESZWD treatment significantly down-regulated the protein and mRNA expression levels of collagen I A1, α-SMA, RhoA, ROCK1, and ROCK2 in the heart tissues o","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"119146"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142695648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of extract and bioactive compounds from Bergenia ciliata (Haw.) Sternb. flowers against Streptococcus mutans through cell membrane damage","authors":"Nirza Moktan ,&nbsp;Rahul Laxman Gajbhiye ,&nbsp;T.V.V.S. Sahithi ,&nbsp;Dijendra Nath Roy ,&nbsp;Rita Kundu ,&nbsp;Anindita Banerjee","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Ethnopharmacological relevance</h3><div><em>Bergenia ciliata</em> (Haw.) Sternb. (Family Saxifragaceae) remains mentioned as Pashanbheda in Ayurveda and Zakhmehayat in Unani. In North Waziristan, Pakistan, indigenous communities use this plant in ethnodentistry to treat tooth decay and toothaches. However, scientific evidence on its mode of action is still lacking.</div></div><div><h3>Aim of the study</h3><div>To evaluate the effect of extracts and fractions of <em>B. ciliata</em> flower against oral bacteria and elucidate the possible antibacterial and antibiofilm mechanism.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Prepared extract of <em>B. ciliata</em> flowers were checked for its antibacterial activity against oral (<em>S. mutans</em>, <em>S. pyogenes</em>, <em>S. oralis</em>) and opportunistic bacteria (<em>Staphylococcus aureus, Citrobacter clonae</em> and <em>Achromobacter insolitus</em>). Preparative TLC-bioautography and silica gel column chromatography was used to isolate bioactive compounds. HRESI-MS and NMR studies were employed for its structural elucidation. Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of extracts and isolated compounds were studied against <em>S. mutans</em>. Scanning Electron Microscope studies indicated membrane damage. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation and cytoplasmic leakage were also assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The most active ethyl acetate extract (EA) showed potent inhibitory effect against <em>S. mutans</em> (0.390 μg/μl). TLC–bioautography indicated spots F1 &amp; F2 to show inhibition zones. F1 was identified as kaempferol. This is the first report on flowers of <em>B. ciliata</em> against oral infection. The mode of action of F1 can be attributed to its ability to destroy the membrane integrity, reducing and disrupting biofilm. It also produced ROS within the bacterial cell, leading to lipid peroxidation and subsequently causing death of the bacteria.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Kaempferol is the active compound in bioactive spot F1 which showed antibacterial and antibiofilm activity. The antibacterial activity can be linked with the membrane disrupting properties of kaempferol and producing ROS inside <em>S. mutans</em>. Thus, phytochemicals derived from <em>B. ciliata</em> can be used in the development of pharmaceutical dental products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 119144"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Salvianolic acid extract prevents Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycosides-induced acute liver injury by modulating bile acid metabolism” [J. Ethnopharmacol. 327 (2024) 117939]","authors":"Lei Zhang ,&nbsp;Langqing Lu ,&nbsp;Shiqin Jiang,&nbsp;Zhaokun Yin,&nbsp;Guoyao Tan,&nbsp;Fangqing Ning,&nbsp;Zhiyan Qin,&nbsp;Junyuan Huang,&nbsp;Min Huang,&nbsp;Jing Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119137","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 119137"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}