Journal of forensic sciences最新文献_第7页

Analysis of automotive paint layers on plastic substrates using chemical imaging μ-FTIR and O-PTIR microspectroscopy 利用化学成像μ-傅立叶变换红外和O-傅立叶变换红外微光谱分析塑料基材上的汽车漆层。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Journal of forensic sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-29 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15575

Kendall Wontor MS, Carly Clisham BS, Jessica Hummel BS, James V. Cizdziel PhD

{"title":"Analysis of automotive paint layers on plastic substrates using chemical imaging μ-FTIR and O-PTIR microspectroscopy","authors":"Kendall Wontor MS, Carly Clisham BS, Jessica Hummel BS, James V. Cizdziel PhD","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.15575","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1556-4029.15575","url":null,"abstract":"Automobile paint chips are a crucial piece of trace evidence for forensic investigators. This is because automotive paints are composed of multiple layers, including the primer, basecoat, and clearcoat, each of which has its own chemical composition that can vary by vehicle make, model, year, and manufacturing plant. Thus, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectral databases for automobile paint systems have been established to aid law enforcement in, for example, narrowing search parameters for a suspect's vehicle. Recently, car manufacturers have implemented primers on plastic substrates that are much thinner (~5 μm) than those on metal substrates, making it more difficult to manually separate for analyses. Here, we evaluated FTIR microspectroscopy (μ-FTIR) and optical photothermal infrared spectroscopy (O-PTIR) to chemically image cross sections of paint chips without manually separating the layers. For μ-FTIR, transmission and transflection modes provided the highest quality spectra compared to reflection and μ-ATR analyses. Point analysis was preferable to chemical imaging, as peaks were identified in the point (MCT) detector's lower spectral range that was below the imaging (FPA) detector's cutoff, such as those associated with titanium dioxide. Reduced spectral range can lead to a similar issue in O-PTIR analyses depending on instrument configuration. However, its complementary Raman spectra showed strong titanium dioxide peaks, providing an alternate means of identification. Both techniques are likely to become more relevant as they are non-destructive and avoid manual separation of the layers. O-PTIR is particularly well-suited for analysis of the thin primer layer due to its superior spatial resolution.","PeriodicalId":15743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":"69 5","pages":"1730-1739"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DNA typing of cyanoacrylate fumed latent fingerprints using GlobalFiler™ and ForenSeq™ Signature Prep kits 使用 GlobalFiler™ 和 ForenSeq™ Signature Prep 套件对氰基丙烯酸酯气相潜指纹进行 DNA 分型。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Journal of forensic sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-28 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15566

Sara R. Bodnar MS, Coral Smith MS, Alekhlas A. Alsharji BS, Tina Moroose MS, Casper Venter PhD, Arati Iyengar PhD

{"title":"DNA typing of cyanoacrylate fumed latent fingerprints using GlobalFiler™ and ForenSeq™ Signature Prep kits","authors":"Sara R. Bodnar MS, Coral Smith MS, Alekhlas A. Alsharji BS, Tina Moroose MS, Casper Venter PhD, Arati Iyengar PhD","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.15566","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1556-4029.15566","url":null,"abstract":"DNA typing of latent fingerprints is highly desirable to increase chances of individualization. We recovered DNA from Cyanoacrylate (CA) fumed fingerprints and used both GlobalFiler™ and ForenSeq™ DNA Signature Prep kits for DNA typing. For GlobalFiler™, samples were processed using a protocol modified for Low Template (LT)-DNA samples (half-volume reactions, 30 cycles) while for ForenSeq™ DNA Signature Prep, samples were processed using a standard protocol and fluorometer-based library quantitation. We evaluated genotyping success and quality of profiles in terms of completeness, Peak Height Ratio/Allele Coverage Ratio, presence of PCR artifacts and drop-in alleles. With GlobalFiler™, average autosomal STR (aSTR) profile completeness was 44.4% with 2–20 pg, 54.3% with 22–60 pg, and 95% with 64–250 pg DNA input. CODIS uploadable profiles were obtained in 2/10, 3/11, and 11/12 samples in these ranges. With ForenSeq™ DNA Signature Prep, average aSTR profile completeness was 19.7% with 1–20 pg and 45.2% with 22–47 pg but increased to 78.3% with 68–122 pg and 86.7% with 618–1000 pg DNA input. Uploadable profiles were obtained in 0/12, 4/11, 4/7, and 3/3 samples for these ranges. Results show very high sensitivity using both kits. Half-volume reactions and 30 cycles had minimal negative effect on Globalfiler™ profile quality, providing support for wider use after validation experiments to routinely improve results from LT samples. A standard protocol for the ForenSeq™ DNA Signature Prep kit was also highly successful with LT DNA obtained from CA-fumed fingerprints with additional information from isometric STR alleles and other markers.","PeriodicalId":15743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":"69 5","pages":"1706-1717"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and validation of a quantitative method for the analysis of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC), delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-8-THC), delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), and cannabidiol (CBD) in botanicals, edibles, liquids, oils, waxes, and bath products by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) 利用气相色谱质谱法 (GC/MS)，开发并验证分析植物药、食用剂、液体、油、蜡和沐浴产品中 delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC)、delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-8-THC)、delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) 和大麻二酚 (CBD) 的定量方法。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Journal of forensic sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-28 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15574

Sarah A. Shuda MSFS, Joshua F. Folger BS, Erin Spargo PhD, Barry K. Logan PhD

{"title":"Development and validation of a quantitative method for the analysis of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC), delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-8-THC), delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), and cannabidiol (CBD) in botanicals, edibles, liquids, oils, waxes, and bath products by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS)","authors":"Sarah A. Shuda MSFS, Joshua F. Folger BS, Erin Spargo PhD, Barry K. Logan PhD","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.15574","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1556-4029.15574","url":null,"abstract":"A quantitative gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method was developed for delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC), delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-8-THC), tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), and cannabidiol (CBD) in matrices including plant material, liquids and oils, waxes, edibles, and bath and body products. Samples were prepared by homogenization, extraction of the cannabinoids into solvent, liquid/liquid extraction, and derivatization. The GC/MS method was validated from 0.15% to 5.00% (weight basis) to encompass the 0.3% legal distinction between hemp and marijuana. Validation was performed assessing imprecision/bias, calibration model, recovery, interferences, limit of detection, matrix matching, carryover, accuracy, and an assessment of CBD conversion to delta-9-THC. The calibration curves were quadratic weighted 1/x with r2 > 0.990. The method had a detection limit of 0.075% in plant material for each analyte. Analyte recovery was greater than 70% in plant material. Carryover was not observed up to concentrations equivalent to 100% analyte, and no forensically significant conversion of CBD to delta-9-THC was observed. One cannabinoid isomer, 9(R)-delta-7-tetrahydrocannabinol (9(R)-delta-7-THC), was determined to interfere with the quantitation of delta-9-THC, but could be differentiated based on mass spectrum. The method was determined to be suitable for quantitation of delta-9-THC, delta-8-THC, delta-9-THCA, and CBD and was able to differentiate hemp samples from marijuana samples.","PeriodicalId":15743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":"69 5","pages":"1718-1729"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1556-4029.15574","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modification of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method targeting lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and its primary metabolite (OH-LSD) to include nine LSD analogs 改进针对麦角酰二乙胺（LSD）及其主要代谢物（OH-LSD）的液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）分析方法，使其包括九种 LSD 类似物。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Journal of forensic sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15572

Amy L. Patton MS, Erin L. Karschner PhD, Jeffrey P. Walterscheid PhD, Jason M. Garcia PhD

{"title":"Modification of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method targeting lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and its primary metabolite (OH-LSD) to include nine LSD analogs","authors":"Amy L. Patton MS, Erin L. Karschner PhD, Jeffrey P. Walterscheid PhD, Jason M. Garcia PhD","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.15572","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1556-4029.15572","url":null,"abstract":"A variety of LSD analogs have emerged in recent years with dual purposes of avoiding prosecution from possession while providing new options for those willing to experiment with hallucinogenic drugs. In this study, a previously published automated sample preparation method for LSD and its primary metabolite (OH-LSD) was utilized to extract LSD, OH-LSD, and nine LSD analogs from urine. The liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method was modified from the previously published LC conditions to utilize a different analytical column and gradient elution program. Mobile phases of 10 mM ammonium formate with 0.1% formic acid in deionized water (mobile phase A) and 0.1% formic acid in methanol (mobile phase B) were employed. The method was validated to ANSI/ASB Standard 036 with a 0.1 ng/mL limit of detection for all analytes and was utilized for the analysis of 325 urine specimens. Although no LSD analogs were observed in the samples analyzed, this validated method was demonstrated to be suitable for the analysis of these compounds in laboratories seeking to expand their testing scope. Automated sample preparation allows for the efficient analysis of these analytically challenging compounds with minimal manual handling. Additionally, there was no increased analytical time burden when the LC column and gradient were modified to target nine additional analytes. Detection may improve as new reference standards are developed to allow laboratories to focus on the metabolic products of these analogs. For now, this validated procedure can assist with the routine analysis and surveillance of these emerging substances.","PeriodicalId":15743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":"69 5","pages":"1789-1798"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effects of cognitive bias, examiner expertise, and stimulus material on forensic evidence analysis 认知偏差、检查员专业知识和刺激材料对法医证据分析的影响。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Journal of forensic sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15565

Michelle M. Pena PhD, Stephanie Stoiloff MS, Maria Sparacino MS, Nadja Schreiber Compo PhD

{"title":"The effects of cognitive bias, examiner expertise, and stimulus material on forensic evidence analysis","authors":"Michelle M. Pena PhD, Stephanie Stoiloff MS, Maria Sparacino MS, Nadja Schreiber Compo PhD","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.15565","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1556-4029.15565","url":null,"abstract":"Forensic examiners have come under scrutiny due to high-profile exonerations, highlighting the consequences that contextual bias can have on investigations. Researchers have proposed solutions to reduce the effects of bias including blind testing and redacting task-irrelevant information. Practitioners have concerns over the limitations of some of this research that uses untrained students to examine complex pieces of forensic evidence (e.g., fingerprints) (1; but see 2 for studies including trained experts and/or actual casework). This study sought to (a) examine the effect of contextual bias on examiners' evaluation of forensic evidence by varying the amount of pre-comparison information available to participants, (b) compare student and expert examiners' performance and their vulnerability to contextual bias, and (c) examine the effects of contextual bias on examiners' evaluation of different types of forensic evidence. Expert fingerprint examiners and student participants were presented with varying amounts of pre-comparison case information and compared matching and non-matching fingerprint and footwear impression evidence. Results suggest no effects of blinding examiners from case information or redacting task-irrelevant information. As expected, expert fingerprint examiners were more likely to correctly identify matching fingerprints and correctly exclude non-matching fingerprints than students. However, expert fingerprint examiners were no better than student participants at comparing footwear impression evidence. These findings suggest that sample, stimulus selection, and discipline-specific training matter when investigating bias in forensic decision making. These findings suggest caution when using forensic stimuli with student samples to investigate forensic decision-making and highlight the need for more research on redaction procedures.","PeriodicalId":15743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":"69 5","pages":"1740-1757"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A detailed study on human height estimation model that combines video surveillance systems with 3D laser scanning 结合视频监控系统和 3D 激光扫描，对人类身高估算模型进行详细研究。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Journal of forensic sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15564

Claudio Ciampini MD, Federico Zomparelli PhD, Stefano Groutas

{"title":"A detailed study on human height estimation model that combines video surveillance systems with 3D laser scanning","authors":"Claudio Ciampini MD, Federico Zomparelli PhD, Stefano Groutas","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.15564","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1556-4029.15564","url":null,"abstract":"The increase of video surveillance systems has highlighted the interest in forensic anthropometric analysis of subjects who commit crimes and are captured by cameras during their criminal activities. There are different methodologies for human height estimation. Forensic researchers developed a methodological approach that allows the height of a subject to be estimated through a combined model of 3D laser scanning acquisition and video images acquired by video surveillance systems. The proposed study had highlighted three limits: not assessments had been made for image correction to limit the distortion effect, the method had been tested by only one laboratory and probably height assessment was dependent on the ergonomics. To overcome these limitations, in this paper the analysis was repeated by correcting the images to compare the new results obtained with the previous ones. Furthermore, the same methodological approach was applied by estimating the height of a mannequin, to limit the ergonomic effects, and proposing the same study to three different forensic laboratories to compare the results. The presented study demonstrates the reliability and repeatability of the system, as the results obtained by the three laboratories are very similar. They have obtained the same trend and the maximum estimate distance is approximately 6 cm. Furthermore, it has showed that the accuracy of results is dependent on image correction, which has little impact (approximately 1 cm more accurate on the corrected frame than the normal frame) on the height evaluation and they are not dependent to the ergonomics of the subject captured.","PeriodicalId":15743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":"69 5","pages":"1887-1898"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eligible offender samples are missing in CODIS: A statewide approach to performing a lawfully owed DNA census 符合条件的罪犯样本在 CODIS 系统中缺失：在全州范围内开展合法拖欠的 DNA 普查。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Journal of forensic sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-23 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15569

Orlando C. Salinas MBA, MHA

{"title":"Eligible offender samples are missing in CODIS: A statewide approach to performing a lawfully owed DNA census","authors":"Orlando C. Salinas MBA, MHA","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.15569","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1556-4029.15569","url":null,"abstract":"In 2019, the Texas Department of Public Safety (TXDPS) Texas Ranger Division (TRD) identified approximately 3300 registered sex offenders (RSOs) from whom a “lawfully owed” DNA sample was missing from the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Combined DNA Index System (CODIS). Lawfully owed DNA (LODNA) is defined as a DNA sample from a qualifying offender who should have had their sample entered into CODIS, but for unknown reasons did not. As a result of those findings, TXDPS then applied for and was awarded a grant from the Bureau of Justice Assistance's Sexual Assault Kit Initiative to collect DNA specimens from these RSOs, and to perform a statewide LODNA census. TXDPS TRD sought to determine: Are the missed DNA collection problems limited to RSO's or are they occurring among individuals with a qualifying arrest or conviction as specified by state law too? What processes are used to identify individuals who are eligible for DNA sample collection? How is an individuals' DNA collection eligibility conveyed to external agencies? The findings from TXDPS' LODNA census, identified 43,245 individuals who were likely eligible for DNA collection between 1995 and 2020, therefore indicating statewide DNA collection issues. Over 4 years, collection efforts pertaining to the aforementioned lawfully owed census, have yielded 5183 LODNA sample collections, and 276 CODIS hits. This manuscript aims to create an awareness within other agencies of the importance of implementing best practices to ensure the collection and upload of LODNA from every eligible individual.","PeriodicalId":15743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":"69 5","pages":"1758-1770"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1556-4029.15569","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Massive gastropathy due to gallstone obstruction of the duodenum (Bourveret syndrome) 胆石阻塞十二指肠导致的大胃病（Bourveret 综合征）。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Journal of forensic sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-23 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15573

Vasudeva Murthy Challakere Ramaswamy MD, FAFMS (ForensicPath), Kathleen Han Suyin DMJ(Path), FRCpath

引用次数: 0

A tale of two PG systems: A comparison of the two most widely used continuous probabilistic genotyping systems in the United States 两个 PG 系统的故事：美国最广泛使用的两种连续概率基因分型系统的比较。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Journal of forensic sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15571

Susan A. Greenspoon PhD, Lisa Schiermeier-Wood MS, Bradford C. Jenkins MS

{"title":"A tale of two PG systems: A comparison of the two most widely used continuous probabilistic genotyping systems in the United States","authors":"Susan A. Greenspoon PhD, Lisa Schiermeier-Wood MS, Bradford C. Jenkins MS","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.15571","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1556-4029.15571","url":null,"abstract":"The development of probabilistic genotyping (PG) systems to quantitatively analyze DNA mixture samples has been transformative in forensic science. TrueAllele® Casework (TA) and STRmix™ (STRmix) are the two most widely used PG systems in the United States. The two systems were challenged with 48 two-, three-, and four-person mock casework samples, for a total of 152 likelihood ratio (LR) comparisons. TA and STRmix converged on the same result (supportive, non-supportive, or inconclusive) for ~91% of contributor-specific comparisons. Where moderate or substantial differences in log(LR) values were observed, 9% affected the conclusion of the reference association to the mixture. The PG systems exhibited high correlations for estimated contributor-specific template quantities (~92%) and log(LR)s produced (>88%). When the log(LR)s for only low-template contributors (<100 pg) were compared, the R2 value dropped to ~68% and the difference became statistically significant. Of the 14 contributor comparisons where the conclusion differed, two were contradictory (supportive vs. non-supportive) and 12 were either inconclusive versus non-supportive or inconclusive versus supportive. The differing results were likely due to dissimilarities in the mixture input file as STRmix uses a lab-defined analytical threshold (AT) and TA models to 10 RFUs for each electropherogram. When 7 of the 14 mixtures were reanalyzed by STRmix using a 10 RFU AT, the log(LR)s for the low-template contributors became more similar to TAs. This study shows that while both systems may produce accurate and calibrated LRs, their results can deviate, especially for low-template, degraded contributors, and the deviation is generally predictable.","PeriodicalId":15743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":"69 5","pages":"1840-1860"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of urine drug screen utility at autopsy to predict laboratory postmortem blood toxicology 评估验尸时尿液药物筛查对预测实验室死后血液毒理学的作用。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Journal of forensic sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-19 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15561

Crystal Arndt MSFS, Marilyn A. Huestis PhD, Hannah C. Jarvis MBBSAICSMBSc(Hons)MRCS(Eng), Teresa R. Gray PhD

{"title":"Assessment of urine drug screen utility at autopsy to predict laboratory postmortem blood toxicology","authors":"Crystal Arndt MSFS, Marilyn A. Huestis PhD, Hannah C. Jarvis MBBSAICSMBSc(Hons)MRCS(Eng), Teresa R. Gray PhD","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.15561","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1556-4029.15561","url":null,"abstract":"When faced with increasing drug-related deaths and decline in practicing forensic pathologists, the need to quickly identify toxicology-related deaths is evident in order to appropriately triage cases and expedite turnaround times. Lateral flow immunoassays conducted pre-autopsy offer quick urine drug screen (UDS) results in minutes and are used to inform the need for autopsy. Over 1000 medicolegal cases were reviewed to compare UDS results to laboratory enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) blood results to evaluate how well autopsy UDS predicted laboratory findings. Mass spectral analysis was performed on ELISA-positive specimens and these data were used to investigate UDS false-negative (FN) results when possible. Five different UDS devices (STAT One Step Drug of Abuse dip card and cassette, Premiere Biotech multi-drug and fentanyl dip cards and ATTEST 6-acetylmorphine (6-AM) dip card) were tested encompassing 11 drug classes: 6-AM, amphetamine/methamphetamine, benzodiazepines, benzoylecgonine, fentanyl, methadone, opioids, phencyclidine, and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Sensitivity, specificity, efficiency, and positive and negative predictive values >80% indicated that UDS was useful for predicting cases involving benzoylecgonine, methadone, methamphetamine, and phencyclidine. UDS was unreliable in predicting amphetamine, benzodiazepines, fentanyl, and opiates-related cases due to a high percentage of FN (up to 11.2%, 8.0%, 12.4%, and 5.5%, respectively) when compared to ELISA blood results. For the later analytes, sensitivities were as low as 57.5%, 60.0%, 72.2%, and 66.7%, respectively. Overall results support that UDS cannot replace laboratory testing. Because UDS is subject to false-positive and FN results users must understand the limitations of using UDS for triage or decision-making purposes.","PeriodicalId":15743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":"69 5","pages":"1815-1825"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0