Environmental Anthropology eJournal最新文献

{"title":"A Global Voice for Survival: An Ecosystemic Approach for the Environment and the Quality of Life","authors":"A. Pilon","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3204460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3204460","url":null,"abstract":"In view of the overwhelming pressures on the global environment and the need to disrupt the systems that drive them, an ecosystemic theoretical and practical framework is posited for the evaluation and planning of public policies, research and teaching programmes, encompassing four dimensions of being-in-the-world (intimate, interactive, social and biophysical), as they combine, as donors and recipients, to induce the events (deficits/assets), cope with consequences (desired/undesired) and contribute for change (potential outputs). The focus should not be on the “bubbles” of the surface (consequences, fragmented issues), but on the configurations deep inside the boiling pot where the problems emerge. New paradigms of development, growth, power, wealth, work and freedom, embedded at institutional level, include heterogeneous attributes, behaviours and interactions and the dynamics of the systems (institutions, populations, political, economic, cultural and ecological background). Instead of dealing with the bubbles (segmented, reduced issues) and trying to solve isolated and localized problems without addressing the general phenomenon, the proposal emphasizes the definition of the problems deep inside the “boiling pot”, where the problems emerge, encompassing the current “world-system” with its boundaries, structures, techno-economic paradigms, support groups, rules of legitimation, and coherence. In the socio-cultural learning niches, heuristic-hermeneutic experiences generate awareness, interpretation and understanding beyond established stereotypes, from a thematic (“what”), an epistemic(“how”) and a strategic (policies) point of view. The proposal relates to how taken for granted worldviews, values and perceptions affect environmental problems and quality of life.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130225416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CITES II or The Second Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora","authors":"Rowan B. Martin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2861388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2861388","url":null,"abstract":"This document examines the successes and failures of the present Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna (CITES) and analyses its defects. Major changes are needed in the structure of the Treaty to overcome its perceived shortcomings. A Vision for a new treaty is presented together with a plan for its implementation and transformation to a new Treaty.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"34 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123087423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preferences for Energy Efficiency vs. Renewables: How Much Does a Ton of CO2 Emissions Cost?","authors":"A. Alberini, A. Bigano, Milan Ščasný, Iva Zvěřinová","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2858813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2858813","url":null,"abstract":"Concerns about climate change are growing, and so is the demand for information about the costs and benefits of mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. This paper seeks to estimate the benefits of climate change mitigation, as measured by the public’s willingness to pay for such policies. We investigate the preferences of Italian and Czech households towards climate change mitigation policy options directly related to residential energy use. We use discrete choice experiments, which are administered in a standardized fashion to representative samples in the two countries through computer-assisted web interviews. The willingness to pay per ton of CO2 emissions avoided is €132 Euro for the Italians and 94 Euro for the Czech respondents (at 2014 purchasing power parity). We find evidence of considerable heterogeneity in WTP driven by income. The two samples differ in their “domestic” income elasticities of WTP, but comparison across the two countries suggests an income elasticity of WTP of one.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128486722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transnationalism and Paradiplomacy in the Economic Relations between Brazil and Angola: The Construction of the Capanda Hydropower Plant by the Construtora Odebrecht","authors":"André Rodriguês Correa, D. Castro","doi":"10.22456/2238-6912.65825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/2238-6912.65825","url":null,"abstract":"A reconstrucao de Angola, com o final da guerra civil, dependeu e ainda depende em grande parte dos investimentos externos recebidos e teve as empresas brasileiras como as principais aliadas a partir de linhas de credito especialmente concedidas para este fim. Qual a razao que levou o Brasil a adotar uma postura de exercicio de influencia indireta em relacao a Angola, a despeito de sua pretensao explicita de politica externa de aumentar o intercâmbio Sul-Sul? O que levou as empresas brasileiras a aceitar os riscos de fazer negocios em um pais com baixa estabilidade politica e institucional, assolado por guerra civil e sem um quadro juridico estavel com o Brasil? Utilizando como quadro teorico o transnacionalismo e a paradiplomacia, as respostas para estes questionamentos serao apresentadas neste artigo a partir de estudo a ser conduzido no caso da construcao e posterior ampliacao da hidreletrica de Capanda.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130077892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Importance of Historical Linkages in Shaping Population Density across Space","authors":"I. Epifani, Rosella Nicolini","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2851194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2851194","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to investigate the extent to which history matters in shaping population distribution across space. In the wake of the current literature, the idea is to model individual location preferences by focusing on selected local determinants (neighborhood, education, income, amenities and distance from the CBD), while also taking into account temporal and spatial dependence in location choices. Our preliminary results revel the importance of segregation factors in shaping recent population density distribution.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122116588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate Change and the Caribbean: A Multi-Scalar Account of Context and Inequality","authors":"R. Ghosal","doi":"10.31274/JCTP-180810-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31274/JCTP-180810-60","url":null,"abstract":"Vulnerability is an indispensable component of climate justice discussions, especially as it functions to identify the worst off in procedures and distribution framed in a Rawlsian interpretation of justice as fairness. Yet, vulnerability is a term replete in varying interpretations and analytical approaches; and choices in interpretation and approach are consequential to policy-making. Recent policy is constructed with disproportionate reference to biophysical conceptions of climate change, which, albeit useful, can lead to an overlook of the geographic and social context of vulnerability. In addition, when considering that this context is differentiated between and within scales, it is apparent that a multi-scalar framework provides a comprehensive approach to vulnerability studies. Small island developing states (SIDS) are often noted as being among the most vulnerable to climate change. This work assesses that claim through a multi-scalar examination of the political, geographic, and socio-economic conditions that engender vulnerability. What starts as a global scale case study of the political context of SIDS vulnerability is then focused upon a regional study of the socio-economic and geographic context of Caribbean, the most tourism-intensive economy of the world; the latter examination is pursued further with a national scale analysis of contextual vulnerability in Jamaican tourism and agriculture, referencing to local scale examples of adaptive capacity. By this multi-scalar framework, justice and contextual vulnerability are revealed to be inextricable, and a re-evaluation of how these terms are operationalized in policy is suggested.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131988519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Islamic Tourism Development in Cirebon: The Study Heritage Tourism in Islamic Economic Perspective","authors":"Aan Jaelani","doi":"10.17605/OSF.IO/A8WYX","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/A8WYX","url":null,"abstract":"Cirebon as a tourist town to face the problems related to the management of tourist attractions, hotel business development, renovation of buildings or cultural heritage, and the economic development of local communities in tourist locations. The needs of tourists and pilgrims is also a concern with fulfillment facilities that can give satisfaction and comfort. With the approach of explorative qualitative research, which explores the potential of tourism development or shari'a in Cirebon concluded that the tourism development of the Shari'ah requires management function in creative and innovative based on starategis planning, consistent implementation, and evaluation of the measured and constructive embody the values of Shariah in existing tourist attractions in Cirebon.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125584344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Perceived Destination Identity of Stakeholders: A Case of Chang Island","authors":"Ousanee Sawagvudcharee","doi":"10.22610/JEVR.V7I2.1336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22610/JEVR.V7I2.1336","url":null,"abstract":"The tourism industry in Thailand is a significant economic activity due to the large and increasing number of tourists, facilities, accommodation and revenue. It is likely to increase its contribution to the GDP from its already significant role of more than 10%. Additionally, the tourism industry career opportunities and helps spread prosperity throughout the kingdom. Chang Island is no exception. Tourism on Chang Island is arguably the most important revenue-generating sector because of the income and job creation. Much of the competition in tourism focuses on tourists’ ability to recognize and remember a particular destination as being unique. Because of this, the development and use of a strong destination identity is critical when making strategic marketing plans. Many tourists will select their holiday destination from their memory of, or recognition of a destination identity. That is why the message behind a destination identity should be a topic to highlight. The aim of this study is to gain insight into the real-life perception of Chang Island’s destination identity by its sender stakeholders. This will help the researcher identify key issues that allow for the development of a suitable guideline for review and possible revision of the island’s destination identity. A qualitative analysis of data collected in this study provides a grounded theory, to support the perception of the sender side of Chang Island’s stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129793739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional Integration as a Tool for Economic Transformation","authors":"Professor Kelly Kingsly","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2796344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2796344","url":null,"abstract":"The integration vision for an African Economic Community through five geographic regions was recommended by the Abuja Treaty (1991). To streamline the existing multiple blocs in these regions, the African Union identified eight Regional Economic Communities (RECs) in its rationalization drive. The integration vision seeks to attain collective autonomy and contribute to raising the living standards of the population through the expansion of African markets and increased trade between Africa and the world. <br><br>According to the Bank Group’s Medium Term Strategy (2008-2012) and Regional Integration Strategy (2009-2012), a Regional Integration Strategy Paper (RISP) will be prepared for the Centre region. Accordingly, the current RISP concerns Central Africa which comprises the ten ECCAS countries: Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic (CAR), Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Gabon, Equatorial Guinea (REG), Sao Tome and Principe (STP) and Chad. The Central Africa is mainly characterized by the Congo Basin (CB) which is home to the world’s second forest and water reserve - one of the lungs of the planet; and a considerable but largely untapped mineral and agricultural potential. This is the least integrated region of the continent. Economically, the Central Africa performed relatively well over the last ten years, with an average growth rate of about 6.2% during the 1999-2009 period, with 7.3% on average in the six oil-producing countries (Angola, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea and Chad) and 4.7% in other countries. Economic growth in the region, which is above the African average (4.8%), was generally marked by higher exports of crude oil and mining products making it possible to finance non-oil activities. Accordingly, the region's economy remains vulnerable to external shocks, mainly on account of its heavy dependence on oil production. From the political standpoint, the attainment of mutual understanding and concord between nations, in the spirit of the African Union, is the biggest challenge to regional integration in Central Africa. <br><br>In addition, this region is made up of fragile states, landlocked countries, forested countries and sparsely populated MICs. This set-up highlights the relevance of the regional integration process in Central Africa. Weak basic infrastructure compared with the continents other regions is also one of the challenges of this region. Specifically, the inadequate interconnection of national transport networks between Central African countries is an obstacle to economic and physical integration and the development of countries in the region. Similarly, electricity and water supply difficulties impede the emergence of a dynamic and competitive private sector. Conversely, the region has advantages that distinguish it from the rest of the continent. Central Africa’s pivotal and strategic position makes it a potentially preferred transit zone between regions of the continent. The reg","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128221289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Networking Clean Energy: Smart Cities and the Rise of Cooperative Communities","authors":"D. Araya, K. Taylor","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2782587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2782587","url":null,"abstract":"The rising demand for sustainable energy generation in the development of smart cities offers significant promise for co-producing and co-managing clean energy. What seems increasingly likely is that smart cities with be configured around peer-to-peer (P2P) technologies that facilitate multi-scale collaboration. Indeed, the same network properties that have transformed information and communication technologies (ICTs) are now beginning to transform the production and consumption of energy. Beyond the command-and-control systems characteristic of an industrial society, “smart grids” provide citizen-producers with a cooperative platform for harvesting clean energy sources like solar, wind, and biomass. This paper discusses the redesign of energy generation in the United States around distributed energy resources (DER) and considers new public policies geared toward economic development in supporting the storage and transmission of DER. It is our view that any strategy for managing clean energy within smart cities will depend upon the robust cooperation of citizens and communities around networked energy platforms.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122789218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}