Environmental Anthropology eJournal最新文献

{"title":"If It Matters, Measure It: A Review of Methane Sources and Mitigation Policy in Canada","authors":"S. Dobson, Victoria Goodday, J. Winter","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3850984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3850984","url":null,"abstract":"Methane, an important greenhouse gas with high global warming potential, is critically under-regulated and overlooked by policymakers in Canada. In this paper, we seek to close the science-policy knowledge gap by reviewing the sources of methane emissions in Canada, policies in place, and mitigation options for each source. We show three primary sectors account for 94 per cent of Canada’s methane emissions: oil and gas, agriculture, and waste. The oil and gas sector is the largest contributor to national methane emissions, as well as the only sector with methane regulations and a methane reduction target. Livestock is the largest single source of methane emissions in Canada, however, and agriculture is the largest source of unregulated and unpriced methane in Canada. Our review reveals that methane emissions management for all sectors is hindered by emissions measurement challenges. Due largely to these challenges, most of Canada’s methane emissions are unregulated and policy options are limited. Broadly, options include command and control regulation or financial penalties for oil and gas methane, incentives for farm-level reductions in agricultural methane, and upstream or downstream waste recovery. Better methane management is crucial to achieving Canada’s 2030 and 2050 emissions reduction goals. Key short-term policy actions are improving and standardizing current emissions estimates and identifying unregulated sources. Longer-term actions require further study of cost-effective regulatory options across all sources, to support stricter regulations or well-defined market-based approaches with measurable outcomes.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121138070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of Tik Tok Social Media as A Media for Promotion of Hidden Paradise Tourism in Indonesia","authors":"Mochammad Arkansyah, Dwi Prasetyo, N. W. R. Amina","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3830415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3830415","url":null,"abstract":"Internet use in Indonesia has reached 64.8% and as many as 160 million people use social media, this is the basis for a promising market for social media industry players, such as the tik tok application. The Tik Tok application in the 2020 pandemic year is the most popular application in Indonesia, because people in Indonesia must know this application and some become its users. Tik tok users range from children, adolescents, to adults. The Tik Tok application is a form of new media that functions to provide support in the form of song editing features and attractive visual effects in making short videos that range from 30-60 seconds. The use of tik tok as a new media can also be used for promotion of hidden tourism (hiding paradise), because it is widely accessed by various ages. The popularity of Tik Tok in Indonesia is an ideal media for tourism agencies who campaign for hidden tourism in their area, by producing videos and the hashtag #wisatahidenparadise in the Tik Tok application, which then creates their own version of video content and adds this hashtag, but there are several points that the basis for which videos are most watched, liked and shared by Tik Tok users.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126430759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Market Myopia's Climate Bubble","authors":"Madison E. Condon","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3782675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3782675","url":null,"abstract":"A growing number of financial institutions, ranging from BlackRock to the Bank of England, have warned that markets may not be accurately incorporating climate change-related risks into asset prices. This Article seeks to explain how this mispricing can exist at the level of individual assets drawing from scholarship on corporate governance and the mechanisms of market (in)efficiency. Market actors: 1. Lack the fine-grained asset-level data they need in order to assess risk exposure; 2. Continue to rely on outdated means of assessing risk; 3. Have misaligned incentives resulting in climate-specific agency costs; 4. Have myopic biases exacerbated by climate change misinformation; and 5. Are impeded by captured regulators distorting the market. Further, trends in institutional share ownership reinforce apathy regarding assessment of firm-specific fundamentals, especially over long-term horizons. \u0000 \u0000This underpricing of corporate climate risk contributes to the negative effects of climate change itself, as the mispricing of risk in the present leads to a misallocation of investment capital, hindering future adaptation and subsidizing future fossil combustion. These risks could accumulate to the macroeconomic scale, generating a systemic risk to the financial system. While a broad array of government interventions are necessary to mitigate climate related financial risks, this Article focuses on proposals for corporate governance and securities regulation—and their limits. Signals from the Biden Administration suggest that mandatory climate risk disclosure regulation from the Securities and Exchange Commission is forthcoming. This Article argues that climate risk disclosure is necessary, though alone not sufficient, to address the widespread disregard of corporate climate exposure.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128392853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tourists Behavioral Intention to Visit Halal Tourism Destination: An Empirical Study on Muslim Tourists in Malaysia","authors":"Mohammad Arije Ulfy, A. Haque, Md Wasiul Karim, Md Suliman Hossin, M. N. Huda","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.4459649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.4459649","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Today, the demand for halal tourism has increased dramatically and highlighted as one of the new horizons and fastest-growing sector in the world’s tourism industry. Background Problem: Malaysia is indeed one of the countries with the most concerned halal segment in the tourism sector. Research Objective: The key purpose of this study is to examine the influence of affecting attributes on tourist’s behavioral intention to visit Malaysia as a halal tourism destination. Research Methods: The development of the research framework is based on the theory of plan behavior (TPB) model. A total of 394 responses were received from the Klang Valley area of Malaysia. For the purpose of analyzing the data, SPSS and AMOS were hired. Findings: Findings from the study reveal that, affecting attributes like, “Halal Certification for Food and Beverage”, “Destination Image” and “Emotional Incidents” have a significant positive influence on tourist’s satisfaction towards behavioral intention to determine the destination. Research Contribution: The key significance of this study demonstrated that a large number of Muslim travelers are able to experience Islamic cultures while considering halal tourism products and services in visiting accessible Muslim destinations. Conclusion: The conclusions of this research provided insights into the behavioral intentions of Muslim tourists select Malaysia as a destination for tourism.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127792114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land, Climate, Energy, Agriculture and Development in the Sahel: Synthesis Paper of Case Studies Under the Sudano-Sahelian Initiative for Regional Development, Jobs, and Food Security","authors":"A. Mirzabaev, T. Sakketa, M. B. Sylla, K. Dimobe, S. Sanfo, A. Admassie, D. Abebaw, O. Coulibaly, R. Adamou, B. Ibrahim, A. Bonkaney, A. Seyni, M. Idrissa, O. Olayide, A. Faye, M. Dièye, Pape Bilal Diakhaté, A. Beye, M. Sall, M. Diop, A. K. Osman, Adil M. Ali, I. Garba, H. Baumüller, S. Ouédraogo, Joachim von Braun","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3769155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3769155","url":null,"abstract":"This paper synthesizes a set of national case studies conducted in the Sahelian countries during 2019-2020 as a collaboration between national universities and research institutes, and the Center for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn, with contributions from the Agrhymet Regional Centre, Permanent Interstate Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel (CILSS). These case studies provide up-to-date knowledge and critical insights on the nexus of land degradation, climate change and energy in the Sahel. The current synthesis paper highlights their major findings and provides crosscutting and cross-regional analytical conclusions. First, the synthesis paper explores current trends in the Sahel region on land use and land degradation, energy use and supply, climate change projections and impacts, as well as their interactions and links to agricultural growth, food security, poverty reduction, and peace in the region. Second, technological, socio-economic and policy solutions at the nexus of land, water, energy and climate challenges that enable environmentally sustainable and socially inclusive rural development in the Sahel are discussed, including their interactions and implications for peace and stability in the region. The findings show that such socio-economic solutions as improving access to markets, strengthening social safety nets, increasing investments to transport and energy infrastructures, promoting land tenure security, expanding off-farm employment opportunities can greatly contribute to rural development in the Sahel, particularly by aiding climate change resilience and sustainable land management. Key technological innovations highlighted across the case studies include expanding irrigation and adopting water use efficient irrigation techniques, crop diversification, expanding agricultural mechanization, investing into restoring and rehabilitating degraded lands through reforestation, afforestation and agroforestry practices. The key lessons learnt from ongoing national policy initiatives for sustainable development highlight the importance of active stakeholder consultation and participation in policy formulation, institution of effective policy monitoring and assessment mechanisms, and avoiding of excessive reliance on external sources of funding for the successful implementation of sustainable development policies and programs. Based on these findings, the synthesis paper proposes an agenda for applied research to provide guidance to and accompany promising development strategies in and for the region.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117061695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Brand Personality of Toraja Coffee as a Tourism Destination","authors":"Muhammad Hasyim, P. Kuswarini, .. Masdiana","doi":"10.48080/JAE.V17I4.272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48080/JAE.V17I4.272","url":null,"abstract":"Almost all countries in the world think that coffee is more than just a drink in their daily life, but it also plays a social function. The social function of coffee can be found in a traditional culture, such as in an ethnic group in Toraja, Indonesia. Toraja is one of the world’s tourism destinations for its cultural uniqueness, that is, the tradition of death rituals. It has been a long time that Toraja coffee becomes a legend, which is famous for its predicate as the best coffee and tourist attraction for both foreign and domestic tourists. Its appeal lies in how the Toraja coffee is served to the tourists at the death rituals. This study aims to examine Toraja coffee as a personality of tourism. The data of this research are collected from tourists to find out their interest to visit Toraja. Myth theory is used to discuss the views of the tourists on Toraja coffee as a tourist attraction. Based on this research, it is concluded that Toraja coffee has a myth power that triggers tourists’ curiosity and desire to get a new experience by visiting Toraja.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123196414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Blockade Deter Inbound Tourism? An Evidence from Qatar","authors":"Ghialy Yap, Shrabani Saha, A. Saleh, N. Ndubisi, Saif S. Al-Sowaidi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3726497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3726497","url":null,"abstract":"While tourism research on Qatar has been growing, the area is still understudied with many untapped research opportunities. This research focuses on the impact of the blockade on international tourist arrivals to Qatar. We adopt a standard tourism demand model and augment it with a blockade variable. To capture the effects of political incidence such as the blockade, we develop a dummy variable that characterizes the periods when the blockade on Qatar occurred. \u0000 \u0000The research model also includes origin-destination characteristic variables, such as tourism competitiveness, corruption perception and trade freedom. The main objective is to investigate whether the inclusion of these control variables can minimize the effects of the blockade. Data are based on an unbalanced panel of 552 observations, with a total of 47 countries of origin from 2007 to 2018. The result confirms the convergence theory of growth (Cuaresmaa, Ritzberger-Gru¨nwald and Silgoner, 2008). The strength and sign of the coefficients for the two economic control variables, namely GDP growth and currency appreciation in the sourced country are as expected- an increase in income in the sourced country increases people’s affordability to travel and in turn enhances growth in tourist numbers in Qatar significantly. Moreover, the coefficients of the main focus variable, the blockade, show the expected negative sign and statistical significance (1% level of significance), implying that the blockade imposes constraints on visitors to Qatar from neighboring countries, which in turn has adverse effect on the number of tourist arrivals.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"9 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113976142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Forced Cancellation of Four Jewel Events Amidst COVID-19 and Its Probable Influence on the Western Cape Economy: a Literature Review","authors":"I. Perold, J. Bruwer, C. Hattingh","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3604132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3604132","url":null,"abstract":"In March 2020, the CoronaVirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was identified as a Public Health Emergency. This led to economic disruptions of various countries around the globe either by slowing down or by halting economic activities. These disruptions were induced by measures introduced by world governments such as enforcing prohibitions on travelling (nationally and internationally) and limiting social contact. One industry directly impacted by these imposed measures is that of the Tourism and Events industry, particularly through the forced cancellations and/or postponements of events. In a South African dispensation, the Tourism and Events industry is a major contributor to the national economy and, taking into account the forced cancellations and/or postponements of events, it is highly probable that COVID-19 will have an adverse influence on the South African economy. For this study, the primary objective was to theoretically ascertain the influence of forced cancellations of four jewel events, amidst COVID-19, on the economy of the Western Cape (South Africa). Exploratory research was conducted with a non-empirical approach, while simultaneously utilising a qualitative research methodology. From the research conducted, it appears that the forced cancellations of four jewel events, due to COVID-19, will have dire repercussions on the Western Cape economy.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115135817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La oferta gastronómica en los campings de Girona (España) (The Gastronomic Offerings in the Campsites of Girona (Spain))","authors":"Sara Forgas-Serra, Lluís Mundet I Cerdan, Joaquim Majó Fernández","doi":"10.18601/01207555.n27.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18601/01207555.n27.06","url":null,"abstract":"En los últimos años, el interés de los turistas por la cocina local de los destinos turísticos ha incrementado notablemente, tal vez no siempre como motivación principal de su viaje, sino como parte de él. Este artículo reflexiona sobre la oferta gastronómica que encuentran los turistas que frecuentan los campings de la provincia de Girona (Cataluña, España). Se analizan las páginas web de los campings y se realiza una encuesta a los empresarios para conocer cuál es la procedencia de la cocina que ofrecen y si esta es elaborada o no. Se concluye que la oferta varía dependiendo de si los establecimientos se localizan en la zona litoral, o bien en el interior. Se detecta una baja promoción de la gastronomía por medio de las páginas web de los campings, en contraposición a los esfuerzos que hacen las destination management (DMO) para dar a conocer internacionalmente las tradiciones culinarias regionales.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130075913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Diffusion of Cultural District Laws across US States","authors":"Amir B. Ferreira Neto","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3181392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3181392","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing number of cultural districts as place-based policies, one of the first questions that arise is: why do some states adopt cultural district laws but not others? Exploring the difference in timing of adoption by each state, I examine the determinants of cultural district laws. Following the policy diffusion literature I test whether there is government, imitation, and learning mechanisms driving the adoption of cultural district laws in the United States. The results suggest the presence of government competition and imitation mechanisms. That is, government compete with those nearby and close in production structure, and learn from those similar to them.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131955459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}