Environmental Anthropology eJournal最新文献

{"title":"The Unfortunate Regressivity of Public Natural Hazard Insurance: A Quantitative Analysis of a New Zealand Case","authors":"S. Owen, Ilan Noy","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3005165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3005165","url":null,"abstract":"Natural hazard insurance is almost always provided through public-private partnerships. Given the dominant role of the public sector, it is surprising that equity issues have not faced more scrutiny with respect to the design of hazard insurance. We provide a detailed quantification of the degree of regressivity of the New Zealand earthquake insurance program – a system that was designed with an egalitarian purpose. We measure this regressivity as it manifested in the half a million insurance claims that resulted from the Canterbury earthquakes of 2011. As in other cases, this can be remedied with modifications to the program’s structure.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126698165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Airlines as Tourist Destination Promoters","authors":"Maya Ivanova","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3000910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3000910","url":null,"abstract":"Airlines strongly contribute to a tourist destination development by including it in their route portfolio, thus making the destination more visible and accessible. In this regard, airlines may also collaborate with the local destination management organization and be involved in the destination promotion. They can also organize marketing campaigns of certain destinations, presenting them as new routes in their maps. Current paper elaborates on the airlines’ role in the destination promotion and illustrates it through a case study of the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast destination and the four low-cost carriers that recently started operation to Varna and/or Bourgas. Specific insights of the case are discussed, complemented by managerial implications and certain recommendations.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127193348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of AHP Method for Mapping Slope Geomorphic Phenomena","authors":"A. Grozavu, Cristian Valeriu Patriche, F. Mihai","doi":"10.5593/SGEM2017/23/S11.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5593/SGEM2017/23/S11.046","url":null,"abstract":"Landslides are common and frequent geomorphic phenomena for the plateau regions in Romania having important consequences, especially economic ones, that needs designing scientific and technical plans for landslide risk mitigation. For this, an important preliminary step is assessing and mapping the landslide susceptibility. This paper examines a plateau zone in eastern Romania providing such a map, based on the landslides inventory, the digital elevation model (DEM) and the thematic layers of several factors thought to be potential predictors of landslides occurrence: topographic features, land use, and lithology. The methodological framework is based on the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) principles and factors weights attributed based on frequency of landslides. The predictive performance of the model was assessed using the confusion matrix, the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve and the AUC (area under curve) parameter. The results indicate a good correspondence between the susceptibility estimated for the test samples and for the validation samples.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121086175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Work Package 11 Suggestions for Policy Formulation: A Work in Progress (Presentation Slides)","authors":"Jędrzej Górski","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2987735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2987735","url":null,"abstract":"My task for today is to update the members of the consortium on what we do at the UCL Australia with the Work Package number eleven, titled Suggestions for Policy Formulation. \u0000Let me go through the structure of the presentation. I am going to cover the following points. First, I am going to give a short reminder about the goals of out project, about recent changes to the composition out our research team, and about the timeline of the project as well as the deliverables. Then I am going to move onto our up-to-date findings, that is mostly the summary of the shale related regulatory developments in the EU, and in the Member States. And this is going to be the core part of the presentation. \u0000After that, I will list problems encountered in practice, largely based on my previous experience in Poland where perhaps the most complex reforms were made for shale business among the Member States. And finally, I will try to sketch some tentative structure of our final reports, and signal some issues which we are facing.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123244619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tourism Management of Russian Behavioral Intention toward Thailand","authors":"Sinee Sankrusme","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2977048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2977048","url":null,"abstract":"Built on a structural equation model, this study explores perceived value and satisfaction in relation to revisit of tourism products in Thailand by sampling 100 Russian tourists in Bangkok. The model is developed which, in turn, broadens the literature by integrating a range of key variables into a single theoretical framework. A mixed method research approach has been employed in order to gather in-depth data from a wide area, thereby enhancing the reliability and validity of the analysis. The results substantiate the importance of tourism satisfaction and perceived value as a determinant of destination revisit. The findings support the hypotheses that perceived value had a positive effect on revisit, satisfaction had a positive effect on revisit, perceived value had a positive effect on satisfaction and perceived value had an indirect effect on revisit through satisfaction. The models from the literature indicate a strong analytical support for the framework. The managerial implications were also discussed.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127075993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collecting the Dirt on Soils: Advancements in Plot-Level Soil Testing and Implications for Agricultural Statistics","authors":"C. Carletto, E. Aynekulu, S. Gourlay, K. Shepherd","doi":"10.1596/1813-9450-8057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-8057","url":null,"abstract":"Much of the current analysis on agricultural productivity is hampered by the lack of consistent, high quality data on soil health and how it is changing under past and current management. Historically, plot-level statistics derived from household surveys have relied on subjective farmer assessments of soil quality or, more recently, publicly available geospatial data. The Living Standards Measurement Study of the World Bank implemented a methodological study in Ethiopia, which resulted in an unprecedented data set encompassing a series of subjective indicators of soil quality as well as spectral soil analysis results on plot-specific soil samples for 1,677 households. The goals of the study, which was completed in partnership with the World Agroforestry Centre and the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia, were twofold: (1) evaluate the feasibility of integrating a soil survey into household socioeconomic data collection operations, and (2) evaluate local knowledge of farmers in assessing their soil quality. Although a costlier method than subjective assessment, the integration of spectral soil analysis in household surveys has potential for scale-up. In this study, the first large scale study of its kind, enumerators spent approximately 40 minutes per plot collecting soil samples, not a particularly prohibitive figure given the proper timeline and budget. The correlation between subjective indicators of soil quality and key soil properties, such as organic carbon, is weak at best. Evidence suggests that farmers are better able to distinguish between soil qualities in areas with greater variation in soil properties. Descriptive analysis shows that geospatial data, while positively correlated with laboratory results and offering significant improvements over subject assessment, fail to capture the level of variation observed on the ground. The results of this study give promise that soil spectroscopy could be introduced into household panel surveys in smallholder agricultural contexts, such as Ethiopia, as a rapid and cost-effective soil analysis technique with valuable outcomes. Reductions in uncertainties in assessing soil quality and, hence, improvements in smallholder agricultural statistics, enable better decision-making.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133071519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Opportunities of Adventure Tourism","authors":"S. Guliyev, Konul M. Nuriyeva","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2972594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2972594","url":null,"abstract":"Adventure tourism is a quickly growing field in the industry, but is not commonly applying special marketing methods by the management. The prominent growth of travel industry has mounted into new directions within the tourist market. The whole concept of traveling has changed and consequently the applications of marketing need revision and adaptation. Adventure traveling is one of the young and growing sectors in tourism industry. The growing number of adventure travel providers has increased competition; however, the applied marketing methods are merely following the principles of regular travel marketing. Ultimately, the possibilities are so abundant, that the adventure travel market itself is developing even newer dimensions. Experimenting by an escapade is no longer a matter of back bagger spirited travelers, but varieties of new segments are consuming adventure journeys. This transformation entitles for a systematic analysis on effective marketing strategies, adapted from traditional service marketing concepts.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122756487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon Footprints Concentrated in Few Global Cities","authors":"D. Moran, Keiichiro Kanemoto, Magnus Jiborn, Richard Wood, K. Seto","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2984473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2984473","url":null,"abstract":"Local government can play a significant role in achieving the <2° warming target. Urban planning, energy efficiency, technology adoption and household consumption all occur within the jurisdiction of local and state governments. Localized information about the distribution and composition of carbon footprints can help tailor mitigation policies for individual areas (e.g. focusing attention on direct vs. indirect emissions). Developing a high-resolution gridded model of carbon footprints, we find that overall, carbon footprints are highly concentrated into a small number of high-income cities and suburbs. Just 200 urban areas drive 35% of the global carbon footprint, and in the US and China just ten metro areas drive approximately one-third of the national carbon footprint. This indicates that tailored local policies to address emissions and consumption in a few large cities will have a substantial effect on national and global emissions.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"352 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134122229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Worker Mobility and the Purchase of Low Co2 Emission Vehicles in France: A Datamining Approach","authors":"Stéphane Goutte, R. Boroumand, T. Péran, Thomas Porcher","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3034482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3034482","url":null,"abstract":"This paper seeks to pattern a non-driven geographical classication of French departmental territorial units based on both mobility behavior and passenger car eet composition. With no mathematical regression analysis but applying datamining methodology to behavior, consumption and geography variables, we have grouped French territorial units into 8 clusters with similar characteristics. The main results reveal that commuters' behavior with respect to the choice of transport mode varies substantially across clusters (rural and highly rural, urban and highly urban clusters, ...). Conversely, the structure of the French vehicle eet and French car purchases in terms of engines, tax horsepower and CO2 emissions are similar. this nding should enable state organizations to implement dierentiated public policies for environmental and industrial sectors. Alternatively, our paper should help industrial groups to better deploy their economic strategies in line with environmental concerns.","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116797789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Duty to Care? Prospects for Climate Change Liability in the English Courts","authors":"H. Macleod","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3852700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3852700","url":null,"abstract":"‘…the possibility of damages for those whose interests Urgenda represents, including current and future generations of Dutch nationals, is so great and concrete that given its duty of care, the state must make an adequate contribution, greater than its current contribution, to prevent hazardous climate change.’ Hague District Court, June 23rd, 2015.<br><br>In light of the above landmark ruling - which found the Dutch government owed a duty of care to its citizens over action to mitigate climate change - critically evaluate the chances and possible outcomes of bringing a similar action in the English courts, with particular reference to locus standi under tort, public and international law. <br>","PeriodicalId":157380,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Anthropology eJournal","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117306345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}