Journal of Experimental Psychology: General最新文献_第8页

Sustained attentional state is a floodlight not a spotlight. 持续的注意力状态是照明灯而不是聚光灯。

IF 4.1 1区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1037/xge0001769

Anna Corriveau,Anthony R James,Megan T deBettencourt,Monica D Rosenberg

{"title":"Sustained attentional state is a floodlight not a spotlight.","authors":"Anna Corriveau,Anthony R James,Megan T deBettencourt,Monica D Rosenberg","doi":"10.1037/xge0001769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001769","url":null,"abstract":"Maintaining attention to a task is essential for accomplishing it. However, attentional state fluctuates from moment to moment, and task-irrelevant information may compete for processing. What are the consequences of attentional fluctuations for what we remember? Do fluctuations in sustained attention vary the spotlight of selective attention, prioritizing task-relevant at the expense of task-irrelevant information? Or, are increases in a sustained attentional state akin to a floodlight, enhancing processing of all information, regardless of task relevance? In an online sample of 215 adults, participants were presented simultaneous streams of images and sounds and instructed to make responses based on only one modality. Afterward, recognition memory for both images and sounds was tested. Across individuals, we found no evidence of a trade-off between memory for task-relevant and task-irrelevant items. Within individuals, successful memory for a task-relevant item predicted successful memory for its task-irrelevant pair. Thus, the spotlight metaphor of attention does not extend to the dynamics of sustained attention. Rather, fluctuations in attention are more akin to a floodlight, affecting the processing of all task information, regardless of relevance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":15698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Supplemental Material for Dynamics of Learning New Words From Context 《从上下文中动态学习新词》补充材料

IF 4.1 1区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1037/xge0001768.supp

引用次数: 0

Supplemental Material for From “Me” to “We”: How Perspective Shifts in Language Can Shape Children’s Judgments About Kindness, Caring, and Inclusivity 从“我”到“我们”：语言视角的转变如何影响儿童对善良、关心和包容的判断

IF 4.1 1区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1037/xge0001777.supp

引用次数: 0

Korean Hangul is more robust to a serial bottleneck: Co-occurring and semantically related Korean words can be processed in parallel. 韩文对串行瓶颈的鲁棒性更强：同时出现的和语义相关的韩文单词可以并行处理。

IF 4.1 1区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1037/xge0001778

Sang-Ah Yoo,Sung Jun Joo

{"title":"Korean Hangul is more robust to a serial bottleneck: Co-occurring and semantically related Korean words can be processed in parallel.","authors":"Sang-Ah Yoo,Sung Jun Joo","doi":"10.1037/xge0001778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001778","url":null,"abstract":"Can readers process multiple words simultaneously, and are there cultural differences in attentional bottleneck in lexical processing? To answer these questions, we asked participants to view two words and categorize only one (single-task) or both words (dual-task), using Korean word pairs that frequently co-occur and are semantically related. We hypothesized that the coactivation of related words could facilitate lexical processing, and that the unique characteristics of Korean Hangul, such as its shallow orthographic depth and clear-cut syllabic boundaries, would enhance this effect. The results suggest that Korean Hangul is more robust to a serial processing bottleneck. Unlike the previous findings in English, independent or unrelated Korean word pairs were not processed in a strictly serial manner. Furthermore, the results for co-occurring and semantically related words supported the parallel processing model. Interestingly, for regularly co-occurring words, accuracy for one word increased if the participant was also correct about the other. These findings suggest that the relation between the words and the properties of writing systems should be considered in the long-standing serial versus parallel debate in reading research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":15698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Supplemental Material for Sustained Attentional State Is a Floodlight Not a Spotlight 持续注意力状态的补充材料是泛光灯而不是聚光灯

IF 4.1 1区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1037/xge0001769.supp

引用次数: 0

Supplemental Material for Equitable Burden-Sharing in “Take-One-for-the-Team” Situations: The Role of Coordination “一人替一队”情况下公平分担责任补充材料：协调的作用

IF 4.1 1区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1037/xge0001781.supp

引用次数: 0

Faster, smarter, and more attentive: The control of attention is about more than just conflict resolution. 更快，更聪明，更专注：控制注意力不仅仅是解决冲突。

IF 4.1 1区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1037/xge0001758

Jason S Tsukahara,Cody A Mashburn,Jessica Campbell,Randall W Engle

{"title":"Faster, smarter, and more attentive: The control of attention is about more than just conflict resolution.","authors":"Jason S Tsukahara,Cody A Mashburn,Jessica Campbell,Randall W Engle","doi":"10.1037/xge0001758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001758","url":null,"abstract":"Mental speed theories of intelligence suggest that people are smarter because they are faster. We argue that attention control plays an important and fundamental role in mediating the relationship between basic sensory processes and more complex cognitive processes such as fluid intelligence. One of the most successful paradigms for establishing a mental speed theory of intelligence is the inspection time task. In this article, we examine the mental speed and the attention control perspectives on the inspection time task and its relationship with fluid intelligence. Integrating experimental and correlational approaches, we find that attention control statistically explains the inspection time task's correlation with fluid intelligence and working memory capacity. Attention control and inspection time are correlated beyond their relationship with other measures of processing speed. Further, while we find no evidence that selective attention specifically is related to inspection time performance, both attention control and inspection time predicted declines in accuracy as participants sustained their attention over time; other measures of processing speed did not predict sustained attention performance. Collectively, these results indicate that inspection time is related to the ability to control attention, especially the ability to sustain attention over time. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":15698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Individual variability in mental imagery vividness does not predict perceptual interference with imagery: A replication study of Cui et al. (2007). 心理意象生动度的个体差异并不能预测对意象的知觉干扰：崔等人（2007）的重复研究。

IF 4.1 1区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1037/xge0001756

Elena Azañón,Zoe Pounder,Alec Figueroa,Reshanne R Reeder

{"title":"Individual variability in mental imagery vividness does not predict perceptual interference with imagery: A replication study of Cui et al. (2007).","authors":"Elena Azañón,Zoe Pounder,Alec Figueroa,Reshanne R Reeder","doi":"10.1037/xge0001756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001756","url":null,"abstract":"Vivid visual mental imagery is thought to influence perceptual processing, but much of the current knowledge on this comes from one highly cited, though underpowered (N = 8) study from 2007, which found that more vivid imagery increases interference between imagined and perceptual content. However, that study has not been repeated since. We therefore conducted a conceptual (Experiment 1) and direct (Experiment 2) replication study. In Experiment 1, we recruited 185 online participants across the mental imagery spectrum, including individuals with self-reported aphantasia (impoverished or absent mental imagery) and hyperphantasia (extremely vivid imagery). In Experiment 2, we recruited 56 participants, 28 with self-reported aphantasia and 28 gender- and age-matched typical imagers. Consistent with the original 2007 study's interpretation, we predicted that those with more vivid imagery would exhibit stronger imagery-perception interference, as measured by decreased performance in a priming task when a color and word were congruent (e.g., red prime, word \"RED\") compared to incongruent (e.g., blue prime, word \"RED\"). We were unable to replicate this effect in either experiment. Instead, we observed performance benefits for color-word congruency across the mental imagery spectrum, with no difference in the magnitude of this effect across imagery ability or vividness, even among those with extreme imagery variations (aphantasia, hyperphantasia). Interestingly, we observed a relationship between a measure of mental imagery externalism and the congruency effect, suggesting that individuals with the ability to project their mental images into the external environment (i.e., prophantasia) may exhibit stronger congruency effects. The results of this study challenge our current understanding of the role of mental imagery in perception. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":15698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Profound individual differences in contextualized emotion perception. 在情境化情绪感知方面存在巨大的个体差异。

IF 3.7 1区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1037/xge0001692

Noga Ensenberg-Diamant, Ran R Hassin, Hillel Aviezer

引用次数: 0

Individual differences in working memory and attentional control continue to predict memory performance despite extensive learning. 尽管进行了大量的学习，工作记忆和注意力控制方面的个体差异仍可预测记忆成绩。

IF 3.7 1区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1037/xge0001728

Chong Zhao, Edward K Vogel

{"title":"Individual differences in working memory and attentional control continue to predict memory performance despite extensive learning.","authors":"Chong Zhao, Edward K Vogel","doi":"10.1037/xge0001728","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xge0001728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individual differences in working memory predict a wide range of cognitive abilities. However, little research has been done on whether working memory continues to predict task performance after repetitive learning. Here, we tested whether working memory ability continued to predict long-term memory (LTM) performance for picture sequences even after participants showed massive learning. In Experiments 1-3, subjects performed a source memory task in which they were presented a sequence of 30 objects shown in one of four quadrants and then were tested on each item's position. We repeated this procedure for five times in Experiment 1 and 12 times in Experiments 2 and 3. Interestingly, we discovered that individual differences in working memory continually predicted LTM accuracy across all repetitions. In Experiment 4, we replicated the stable working memory demands with word pairs. In Experiment 5, we generalized the stable working memory demands model to attentional control abilities. Together, these results suggest that people, instead of relying less on working memory, optimized their working memory and attentional control throughout learning. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":15698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General","volume":" ","pages":"1268-1283"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0