Journal of Experimental Psychology: General最新文献

{"title":"Executive control can query hidden human memories.","authors":"Chong Zhao, Keisuke Fukuda, Geoffrey F. Woodman","doi":"10.1037/xge0001811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001811","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative illusions are evidence of rational inference in language comprehension.","authors":"Yuhan Zhang,Carina Kauf,Roger P Levy,Edward Gibson","doi":"10.1037/xge0001807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001807","url":null,"abstract":"Sometimes sentences sound acceptable when they are ungrammatical or semantically implausible. In this article, we study \"comparative illusion\" (CI) sentences where people often rate a sentence like More people have been to Russia than I have to be acceptable while in fact it is semantically anomalous. We provide a potential explanation for this language illusion from the noisy-channel framework. We hypothesize that comprehenders make rational inferences over the perceived sentence by entertaining alternative \"close\" plausible interpretations, where closeness is determined by possible production errors. In four experiments, (a) we identified a linguistic construction that elicits a salient CI illusion effect, (b) we established a range of plausible interpretations of the CI sentence, and (c) we found that the probability for comprehenders to assign a certain plausible interpretation to the CI sentence is proportional to how likely they think that interpretation is to be produced as the CI sentence during noisy language communication. This work contributes to a growing body of literature supporting rational noisy-channel inference during language comprehension. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":15698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How the nature of weak learning and retention interval affects behavioral tagging of episodic memory.","authors":"Sydney R Lambert,Sophia A Bibb,Nicole E Keller,Samuel E Cooper,Joseph E Dunsmoor","doi":"10.1037/xge0001803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001803","url":null,"abstract":"Emotional experiences can promote memory consolidation of weakly learned events encoded around the same time. This memory enhancement through temporal convergence between a weak and strong event accords with the behavioral tagging hypothesis, a behavioral analog of the synaptic tagging model for cellular plasticity. There is evidence for a behavioral tagging process in human episodic memory. However, the conditions necessary to stabilize episodic memory through association with a more meaningful event remain vague. Here, we investigated whether the nature of the \"weak\" event and length of the retention interval are boundary conditions underlying selective retroactive memory enhancements. Participants encoded trial-unique items from two semantic categories before, during, and after fear conditioning that involved pairing one category with electric shock. Memory was tested either 24 hr or 1 month later. Importantly, some participants did not expect shocks during weak learning and were administered electric shocks only after weak learning, while other participants experienced shocks before weak learning and expected shocks throughout every encoding phase. Results showed that participants who weakly encoded category exemplars without presumed threat of shock prior to fear conditioning exhibited selective retroactive memory enhancements that survived up to 1 month later. By contrast, altering the nature of \"weak\" encoding through prearousal and threat expectancy prevented selective retroactive enhancements at 24 hr; however, a selective retroactive enhancement did emerge when memory was tested 1 month later. These findings suggest that sufficiently encoded events fail to profit from additional modulation by subsequent emotional learning when tested at relatively short retention intervals. However, selective retroactive preservation for information conceptually related to an emotional event is revealed over longer retention intervals. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":15698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144645988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do spatial navigation and episodic memory rely on the same systems? Evidence from a naturalistic experience with children and adults.","authors":"Kim V. Nguyen, Ingrid R. Olson, Nora S. Newcombe","doi":"10.1037/xge0001805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001805","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Group Bouba–Kiki effects: The interplay of social categorization, competition, and sound symbolism.","authors":"Youngki Hong, Allison R. Auten, Kyle G. Ratner","doi":"10.1037/xge0001786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001786","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplemental Material for How the Nature of Weak Learning and Retention Interval Affects Behavioral Tagging of Episodic Memory","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/xge0001803.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001803.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplemental Material for A Systematic Reexamination of the List-Length Effect in Recognition Memory","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/xge0001802.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001802.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The time course of task 2 response activation in dual-tasking: Modeling results, interindividual differences, and practical recommendations.","authors":"Valentin Koob, Rolf Ulrich, Alina Ahrens, Markus Janczyk","doi":"10.1037/xge0001800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001800","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who should have a voice? Children's evaluations of universalist versus exclusive voting.","authors":"Hannah Hok, Gabriella Silva, Alex Shaw, Fan Yang","doi":"10.1037/xge0001795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001795","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a just society, who should have a voice in group decision making? Should everyone get to decide, or only the most elite and competent individuals? We probed the foundational intuitions underlying these important societal questions through a developmental lens, examining how adults and 4- to 9-year-old children evaluate universalist versus exclusive decision-making systems that could potentially have better decision effectiveness and efficiency. Study 1 found that compared to <i>expert-led</i> exclusive voting, children and adults preferred <i>universal</i> systems and thought they were fairer. Study 2 found similar patterns even when we emphasized the decisions as important and consequential. We also introduced a moral-led exclusive voting system and found that, with age children increasingly believed the universalist system was more fair than both expert-led and moral-led exclusive systems, although they acknowledged the exclusive systems could yield better outcomes (in line with adult responding). Study 3 further investigated evaluations of exclusive systems based on <i>incompetence, immoral</i> behaviors, or <i>arbitrary</i> characteristics. Children and adults regarded immorality-based exclusions as the fairest type of exclusion, followed by incompetence-based and then arbitrary exclusions. Across studies, with age, children increasingly recognized that exclusive voting systems were faster than universal voting, demonstrating an awareness of the trade-offs between inclusiveness and efficiency. These results reveal an early emerging preference for universalist voting and a growing sophistication in children's thinking about fair decision-making systems in society. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":15698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplemental Material for Group Bouba–Kiki Effects: The Interplay of Social Categorization, Competition, and Sound Symbolism","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/xge0001786.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001786.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144565812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}