Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Micro-nanoplastic induced cardiovascular disease and dysfunction: a scoping review.","authors":"Adrian Goldsworthy, Liam A O'Callaghan, Ciara Blum, Jarod Horobin, Lotti Tajouri, Matthew Olsen, Natalia Van Der Bruggen, Simon McKirdy, Rashed Alghafri, Oystein Tronstad, Jacky Suen, John F Fraser","doi":"10.1038/s41370-025-00766-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-025-00766-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The human bioaccumulation of micro- and nano-plastics (MNPs) is increasingly being recognised in the aetiology and pathophysiology of human disease.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive investigation of studies examining the impacts of MNPs on the human cardiovascular system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Web of Science and EMBASE) were systematically searched.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-six articles were identified, 13 of which investigated the presence of MNPs within the human cardiovascular system, including atherosclerotic plaques, saphenous vein tissue, thrombi and venous blood. The effect of MNPs on cell lines suggest MNPs are cytotoxic, immunotoxic, and genotoxic.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>The findings of this review, when evaluated together with additional studies utilising animal models, suggest MNPs may contribute to global cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In particular, the ability of MNPs to induce endothelial damage, oxy-LDL formation, foam cell development and apoptosis, as well as to alter the clotting cascade, has potential implications for vascular diseases. In addition, MNPs may play a role in the aetiology and progression of congenital heart abnormalities, infective pathologies and cardiomyopathies. Despite an increasing awareness of the ability for MNPs to result in cardiovascular disease and dysfunction, a limited amount of research has been conducted to date characterising the presence of MNPs in the human cardiovascular system. Reseach is required to understand the extent of this rapidly emerging issue and to develop strategies that will support clinicians to appropriately manage and educate their patients in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skyrocketing pollution: assessing the environmental fate of July 4th fireworks in New York City.","authors":"Antonio F Saporito, Terry Gordon, Beck Kim, Tri Huynh, Rahanna Khan, Amna Raja, Kristin Terez, Nicole Camacho-Rivera, Rachel Gordon, Julie Gardella, Maria Katsigeorgis, Rodney Graham, Thomas Kluz, Max Costa, David Luglio","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00701-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00701-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pyrotechnic displays often lead to significant increases in poor air quality. The widespread environmental fate-involving air, water, and spatial-temporal analyses-of fireworks-produced pollutants has seldom been investigated.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the environmental fate of pollutants from the largest fireworks event in the U.S.: Macy's Fourth of July Fireworks show in New York City (NYC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Real-time PM_2.5 and gravimetric PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ were collected at locations along the East River of NYC. Airborne particles were assayed for trace elements (X-ray fluorescence) and organic and elemental carbon (OC/EC). River water samples were evaluated by ICP-MS for heavy-metal water contamination. Spatial-temporal analyses were created using PM_2.5 concentrations reported by both EPA and PurpleAir monitoring networks for NYC and 5 other major metropolitan areas.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The fireworks event resulted in large increases in PM_2.5 mass concentrations at the river-adjacent sampling locations. While background control PM_2.5 was 10-15 µg/m³, peak real-time PM_2.5 levels exceeded 3000 µg/m³ at one site and 1000 µg/m³ at two other locations. The integrated gravimetric PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ concentrations during the fireworks event ranged from 162 to 240 µg/m³ and 252 to 589 µg/m³, respectively. Zn, Pb, Sb, and Cu more than doubled in river water samples taken after the event, while S, K, Ba, Cu, Mg, Fe, Sr, Ti, and Zn increased in airborne PM_2.5 from the fireworks. Data from hyperlocal monitoring networks for NYC and other metropolitan areas yielded similar, but generally smaller, increases in PM_2.5 levels.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Fireworks shows have been associated with environmental contamination. This comprehensive analysis considers the fate of pollutants from the largest annual U.S. pyrotechnic show through air, water, and hyperlocal temporal characterization.</p>","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"214-222"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal trend of microenvironmental time-activity patterns of the Seoul population from 2004 to 2022 and its potential impact on exposure assessment.","authors":"Donghyun Kim, Sooyoung Guak, Kiyoung Lee","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00662-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00662-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Time-activity pattern (TAP) is an important parameter for determining personal exposure to environmental pollutants. Changes in TAPs could have significant implications for the alterations in outcomes of exposure assessments.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the Seoul population's long-term change in TAPs, along with variations by sociodemographic group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 2004, 2009, 2014, and 2019, the Time Use Survey of Statistics Korea collected the TAP information of 4036, 2610, 3337, and 2793 Seoul residents, respectively. In 2022, the TAP information of 4401 Seoul residents was collected for Korean Air Pollutant Exposure (KAPEX) research. The microenvironmental TAP changes in the Seoul population from 2004 to 2022 were assessed based on age, gender, work status, and day type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2004 to 2022, Seoul people increasingly spent more time in indoor residences (from 14.8 ± 5.1 h to 15.8 ± 4.5 h) and less time in other indoors (from 7.2 ± 4.5 h to 5.9 ± 4.2 h). Their transit time constantly decreased from 2004 (1.4 ± 1.8 h) to 2022 (1.2 ± 1.3 h), whereas the outdoor time fluctuated throughout the years. From 2004 to 2022, the time of the day spent by Seoul people in residential indoor shifted to later in the morning (2004: 8:30 am; 2022: 9:00 am) and earlier in the evening (2004: 9:30 pm; 2022: 7:00 pm); however, the opposite was true for other indoors (2004: from 8:30 am to 9:30 pm; 2022: from 9:00 am to 7:00 pm) and transits (2004: 7:30-9:30 am and 3:00-8:00 pm; 2022: 7:30-9:00 pm and 5:00-9:00). The time of the day spent in outdoors increased from 2004 to 2019, with a distinct peak observed in 2022 (12:00 pm-2:00 pm). The microenvironmental time trends of adolescents and late-adulthoods differed from those of the other age groups, while those of males differed from females. Also, the microenvironmental time trends of the employed differed from those of the unemployed, and those during weekdays differed from those during weekends.</p><p><strong>Impact statement: </strong>Microenvironmental TAP should be essentially considered to estimate the actual exposure to pollutants. This study demonstrates the Seoul population's long-term changes in TAP throughout the 18 years as the significant parameter in exposure assessment. Notably, the microenvironmental TAPs of Seoul people shifted, with variations across different sociodemographic groups. Previous studies in Korea did not consider the TAP shifts in exposure assessment; this study highlights the importance of aligning TAP data with concurrent environmental pollutant data and emphasizes the need for refined data collection in future exposure assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"315-324"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air quality and attributable mortality among city dwellers in Kampala, Uganda: results from 4 years of continuous PM_2.5 concentration monitoring using BAM 1022 reference instrument.","authors":"Lynn M Atuyambe, Samuel Etajak, Felix Walyawula, Simon Kasasa, Agnes Nyabigambo, William Bazeyo, Heather Wipfli, Jonathan M Samet, Kiros T Berhane","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00684-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00684-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Air pollution is a known risk factor for non-communicable diseases that causes substantial premature death globally. Rapid urban growth, burning of biomass and solid waste, unpaved sections of the road network, rising numbers of vehicles, some with highly polluting engines, contribute to the poor air quality in Kampala.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To provide evidence-based estimates of air pollution attributable mortality in Kampala city, with focus on ambient fine particulate matter (PM_2.5).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized a time series design and prospectively collected data on daily ambient PM_2.5 concentration levels in micrograms per cubic meter (μg/m³) using a Beta Attenuation Monitor (BAM-1022) in Kampala city, Uganda. We combined the PM_2.5 data with all-cause mortality data obtained from the Uganda Bureau of Statistics and the Ministry of Health in Kampala. We calculated attributable risk estimates for mortality using the WHO AirQ+ tools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, the annual average concentration for PM_2.5 for the period of 4 years, 2018-2021, was 39 μg/m³. There was seasonal variation, with the rainy season months (March-June and October-December) having lower values. PM_2.5 concentrations tend to be highest in the morning (09.00 h) and in the evening (21.00 h.) likely due to increased vehicular emissions as well as the influence of weather patterns (atmospheric temperature, relative humidity and wind). Saturday has the most pollution (daily average over 4 years of 41.2 μg/m³). Regarding attributable risk, we found that of all the deaths in Kampala, 2777 (19.3%), 2136 (17.9%), 1281 (17.9%) and 1063 (19.8%) were attributable to long-term exposure to air pollution (i.e., exposure to PM_2.5 concentrations above the WHO annual guideline of 5 μg/m³) from 2018 to 2021, respectively. For the 4 years and considering the WHO annual guideline as the reference, there were 7257 air pollution-related deaths in Kampala city.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Our study is the first to estimate air pollution attributable deaths in Kampala city considering the target as the WHO annual guideline value for PM_2.5 of 5 μg/m³. Our monitoring data show that fine particulate matter air pollution in Kampala is above the WHO Air Quality Guideline value, likely resulting in substantial adverse health effects and premature death. While further monitoring is necessary, there is a clear need for control measures to improve air quality in Kampala city.</p>","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"288-293"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11840866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141327550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application and demonstration of meso-activity exposure factors to advance estimates of incidental soil ingestion among agricultural workers.","authors":"Sara N Lupolt, Brent F Kim, Jacqueline Agnew, Gurumurthy Ramachandran, Thomas A Burke, Ryan David Kennedy, Keeve E Nachman","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00671-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00671-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Soil is an understudied and underregulated pathway of chemical exposure, particularly for agricultural workers who cultivate food in soils. Little is known about how agricultural workers spend their time and how they may contact soil while growing food. Exposure factors are behavioral and environmental variables used in exposure estimation.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our study aimed to derive exposure factors describing how growers engage in different tasks and use those factors to advance the use of time-activity data to estimate soil ingestion exposures among agricultural workers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We administered a meso-activity-based, season-specific soil contact activity questionnaire to 38 fruit and vegetable growers. We asked growers to estimate the frequency and duration of six meso-activities and describe how they completed them. We used questionnaire data to derive exposure factors and estimate empirical and simulated exposures to a hypothetical contaminant in soil via incidental ingestion using daily, hourly, and hourly-task-specific ingestion rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We generated exposure factors characterizing the frequency and duration of six meso-activities by season, and self-reported soil contact, glove use, and handwashing practices by meso-activity and season. Seasonal average daily doses (ADDs) were similar across all three forms of ingestion rates. No consistent patterns regarding task-specific contributions to seasonal or annual ADDs were observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"303-314"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140957815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peaks, sources, and immediate health impacts of PM_2.5 and PM₁ exposure in Indonesia and Taiwan with microsensors.","authors":"Shih-Chun Candice Lung, Ming-Chien Mark Tsou, Chih-Hui Chloe Cheng, Wiwiek Setyawati","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00689-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00689-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Microsensors have been used for the high-resolution particulate matter (PM) monitoring.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study applies PM and health microsensors with the objective of assessing the peak exposure, sources, and immediate health impacts of PM_2.5 and PM₁ in two Asian countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Exposure assessment and health evaluation were carried out for 50 subjects in 2018 and 2019 in Bandung, Indonesia and for 55 subjects in 2019 and 2020 in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Calibrated AS-LUNG sets and medical-certified RootiRx® sensors were used to assess PM and heart-rate variability (HRV), respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, the 5-min mean exposure of PM_2.5 and PM₁ was 30.4 ± 20.0 and 27.0 ± 15.7 µg/m³ in Indonesia and 14.9 ± 11.2 and 13.9 ± 9.8 µg/m³ in Taiwan, respectively. The maximum 5-min peak PM_2.5 and PM₁ exposures were 473.6 and 154.0 µg/m³ in Indonesia and 467.4 and 217.7 µg/m³ in Taiwan, respectively. Community factories and mosquito coil burning are the two most important exposure sources, resulting in, on average, 4.73 and 5.82 µg/m³ higher PM_2.5 exposure increments for Indonesian subjects and 10.1 and 9.82 µg/m³ higher PM_2.5 exposure for Taiwanese subjects compared to non-exposure periods, respectively. Moreover, agricultural waste burning and incense burning were another two important exposure sources, but only in Taiwan. Furthermore, 5-min PM_2.5 and PM₁ exposure had statistically significantly immediate impacts on the HRV indices and heart rates of all subjects in Taiwan and the scooter subjects in Indonesia with generalized additive mixed models. The HRV change for a 10 µg/m³ increase in PM_2.5 and PM₁ ranged from -0.9% to -2.5% except for ratio of low-high frequency, with greater impacts associated with PM₁ than PM_2.5 in both countries.</p><p><strong>Impact statement: </strong>This work highlights the ability of microsensors to capture high peaks of PM_2.5 and PM₁, to identify exposure sources through the integration of activity records, and to assess immediate changes in heart rate variability for a panel of approximately 50 subjects in Indonesia and Taiwan. This study stands out as one of the few to demonstrate the immediate health impacts of peak PM, complementing to the short-term (days or weeks) or long-term effects (months or longer) assessed in most epidemiological studies. The technology/methodology employed offer great potential for researchers in the resource-limited countries with high PM_2.5 and PM₁ levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"264-277"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141161666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between satellite-derived estimates of PM2.5 species concentrations for organic carbon, elemental carbon, nitrate, and sulfate with birth weight and preterm birth in California during 2005-2014.","authors":"Patrick S Reuther, Guannan Geng, Yang Liu, Lyndsey A Darrow, Matthew J Strickland","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00673-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00673-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Characterizing the spatial distribution of PM_2.5 species concentrations is challenging due to the geographic sparsity of the stationary monitoring network. Recent advances have enabled valid estimation of PM_2.5 species concentrations using satellite remote sensing data for use in epidemiologic studies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, we used satellite-based estimates of ambient PM_2.5 species concentrations to estimate associations with birth weight and preterm birth in California.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Daily 24 h averaged ground-level PM_2.5 species concentrations of organic carbon, elemental carbon, nitrate, and sulfate were estimated during 2005-2014 in California at 1 km resolution. Birth records were linked to ambient pollutant exposures based on maternal residential zip code. Linear regression and Cox regression were conducted to estimate the effect of 1 µg/m³ increases in PM_2.5 species concentrations on birth weight and preterm birth.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analyses included 4.7 million live singleton births having a median 28 days with exposure measurements per pregnancy. In single pollutant models, the observed changes in mean birth weight (per 1 µg/m³ increase in speciated PM_2.5 concentrations) were: organic carbon -3.12 g (CI: -4.71, -1.52), elemental carbon -14.20 g (CI: -18.76, -9.63), nitrate -5.51 g (CI: -6.79, -4.23), and sulfate 9.26 g (CI: 7.03, 11.49). Results from multipollutant models were less precise due to high correlation between pollutants. Associations with preterm birth were null, save for a negative association between sulfate and preterm birth (Hazard Ratio per 1 µg/m³ increase: 0.973 CI: 0.958, 0.987).</p>","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"233-241"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11502512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140855185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does socioeconomic and environmental burden affect vulnerability to extreme air pollution and heat? A case-crossover study of mortality in California.","authors":"Mehjar Azzouz, Zainab Hasan, Md Mostafijur Rahman, W James Gauderman, Melissa Lorenzo, Frederick W Lurmann, Sandrah P Eckel, Lawrence Palinkas, Jill Johnston, Michael Hurlburt, Sam J Silva, Hannah Schlaerth, Joseph Ko, George Ban-Weiss, Rob McConnell, Leo Stockfelt, Erika Garcia","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00676-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00676-9","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Extreme heat and air pollution is associated with increased mortality. Recent evidence suggests the combined effects of both is greater than the effects of each individual exposure. Low neighborhood socioeconomic status (\"socioeconomic burden\") has also been associated with increased exposure and vulnerability to both heat and air pollution. We investigated if neighborhood socioeconomic burden or the combination of socioeconomic and environmental exposures (\"socioenvironmental burden\") modified the effect of combined exposure to extreme heat and particulate air pollution on mortality in California.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We used a time-stratified case-crossover design to assess the impact of daily exposure to extreme particulate matter &lt;2.5 μm (PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt;) and heat on cardiovascular, respiratory, and all-cause mortality in California 2014-2019. Daily average PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; and maximum temperatures based on decedent's residential census tract were dichotomized as extreme or not. Census tract-level socioenvironmental and socioeconomic burden was assessed with the CalEnviroScreen (CES) score and a social deprivation index (SDI), and individual educational attainment was derived from death certificates. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate associations of heat and PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; with mortality with a product term used to evaluate effect measure modification.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;During the study period 1,514,292 all-cause deaths could be assigned residential exposures. Extreme heat and air pollution alone and combined were associated with increased mortality, matching prior reports. Decedents in census tracts with higher socioenvironmental and socioeconomic burden experienced more days with extreme PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; exposure. However, we found no consistent effect measure modification by CES or SDI on combined or separate extreme heat and PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; exposure on odds of total, cardiovascular or respiratory mortality. No effect measure modification was observed for individual education attainment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;We did not find evidence that neighborhood socioenvironmental- or socioeconomic burden significantly influenced the individual or combined impact of extreme exposures to heat and PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; on mortality in California.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Impact: &lt;/strong&gt;We investigated the effect measure modification by socioeconomic and socioenvironmental of the co-occurrence of heat and PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt;, which adds support to the limited previous literature on effect measure modification by socioeconomic and socioenvironmental burden of heat alone and PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; alone. We found no consistent effect measure modification by neighborhood socioenvironmental and socioeconomic burden or individual level SES of the mortality association with extreme heat and PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; co-exposure. However, we did find increased number of days with extreme PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"294-302"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140876618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging low-cost sensors to predict nitrogen dioxide for epidemiologic exposure assessment.","authors":"Christopher Zuidema, Jianzhao Bi, Dustin Burnham, Nancy Carmona, Amanda J Gassett, David L Slager, Cooper Schumacher, Elena Austin, Edmund Seto, Adam A Szpiro, Lianne Sheppard","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00667-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00667-w","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Statistical models of air pollution enable intra-urban characterization of pollutant concentrations, benefiting exposure assessment for environmental epidemiology. The new generation of low-cost sensors facilitate the deployment of dense monitoring networks and can potentially be used to improve intra-urban models of air pollution.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Develop and evaluate a spatiotemporal model for nitrogen dioxide (NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) in the Puget Sound region of WA, USA for the Adult Changes in Thought Air Pollution (ACT-AP) study and assess the contribution of low-cost sensor data to the model's performance through cross-validation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We developed a spatiotemporal NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; model for the study region incorporating data from 11 agency locations, 364 supplementary monitoring locations, and 117 low-cost sensor (LCS) locations for the 1996-2020 time period. Model features included long-term time trends and dimension-reduced land use regression. We evaluated the contribution of LCS network data by comparing models fit with and without sensor data using cross-validated (CV) summary performance statistics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The best performing model had one time trend and geographic covariates summarized into three partial least squares components. The model, fit with LCS data, performed as well as other recent studies (agency cross-validation: CV- root mean square error (RMSE) = 2.5 ppb NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;; CV- coefficient of determination ( &lt;math&gt; &lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msup&gt; &lt;/math&gt; ) = 0.85). Predictions of NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations developed with LCS were higher at residential locations compared to a model without LCS, especially in recent years. While LCS did not provide a strong performance gain at agency sites (CV-RMSE = 2.8 ppb NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;; CV- &lt;math&gt; &lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msup&gt; &lt;/math&gt;  = 0.82 without LCS), at residential locations, the improvement was substantial, with RMSE = 3.8 ppb NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and &lt;math&gt; &lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msup&gt; &lt;/math&gt;  = 0.08 (without LCS), compared to CV-RMSE = 2.8 ppb NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and CV- &lt;math&gt; &lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msup&gt; &lt;/math&gt;  = 0.51 (with LCS).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Impact: &lt;/strong&gt;We developed a spatiotemporal model for nitrogen dioxide (NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) pollution in Washington's Puget Sound region for epidemiologic exposure assessment for the Adult Changes in Thought Air Pollution study. We examined the impact of including low-cost sensor data in the NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; model and found the additional spatial information the sensors provided predicted NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations that were higher than without low-cost sensors, particularly in recent years. We did not observe a clear, substantial improvement in cross-validation performance over a similar model fit without low-cost sensor dat","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"169-179"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140861441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measured air quality impacts after teaching parents about cooking ventilation with a video: a pilot study.","authors":"Stephanie M Holm, Brett C Singer, Mi-Suk Kang Dufour, Woody Delp, James E S Nolan, P Jacob Bueno de Mesquita, Bailey Ward, Yahna Williamson, O'Philia Le, Marion L Russell, Kim G Harley, John R Balmes","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00730-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00730-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cooking-related emissions contribute to air pollutants in the home and may influence children's health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this pilot study, we investigate the effects of a cooking ventilation intervention in homes with gas stoves, including a video-based educational intervention and range hood replacement (when needed) in children's homes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a pilot (n = 14), before-after trial (clinicaltrials.gov #NCT04464720) in homes in the San Francisco Bay Area that had a school-aged child, a gas stove, and either a venting range hood or over-the-range microwave/hood. Cooking events, ventilation use, and indoor air pollution were measured in homes for 2-4 weeks, and children completed respiratory assessments. Midway, families received this intervention: (1) education about the hazards of cooking-related pollutants and benefits of both switching to back burners and using the range hood whenever cooking and (2) ensuring the range hood met airflow and sound performance standards. The educational intervention was delivered via a video developed in conjunction with local youth.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found substantially increased use of back burners and slight increases in range hood use during cooking after intervening. Even though there was no change in cooking frequency or duration, these behavior changes resulted in decreases in nitrogen dioxide (NO2), including significant decreases in the total integrated concentration of NO2 over all cooking events from 1230 ppb*min (IQR 336, 7861) to 756 (IQR 84.0, 4210; p < 0.05) and NO2 collected on samplers over the entire pre- and post-intervention intervals from 10.4 ppb (IQR 3.5, 47.5) to 9.4 (IQR 3.0, 36.1; p < 0.005). There were smaller changes in PM2.5, and no changes were seen in respiratory outcomes.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>This pilot before-after trial evaluated the use of a four-minute educational video to improve cooking ventilation in homes with gas stoves and one or more school-aged children. Participant behavior changed after watching the video, and there were decreases in indoor air pollutant concentrations in the home, some of which were significant. This brief video is now publicly available in English and Spanish (wspehsu.ucsf.edu/projects/indoor-air-quality), and this provides suggestive evidence of the utility of this simple intervention, which could be particularly beneficial for households that have children with asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"223-232"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142621840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}