Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution最新文献

{"title":"Genome-wide comparison of DNA methylation patterns between yak and three cattle strains and their potential association with mRNA transcription","authors":"Jin-Wei Xin,&nbsp;Zhi-Xin Chai,&nbsp;Hui Jiang,&nbsp;Han-Wen Cao,&nbsp;Xiao-Ying Chen,&nbsp;Cheng-Fu Zhang,&nbsp;Yong Zhu,&nbsp;Qiang Zhang,&nbsp;Qiu-Mei Ji","doi":"10.1002/jez.b.23174","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jez.b.23174","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Yak has evolved specific adaptative mechanisms to high-altitude environment. Up to date, only a few studies reported the DNA methylation in yak. In the present study, genome-wide DNA methylome and transcriptome profiles in lung, mammary, and biceps brachii muscle tissues were compared between yak and three cattle breeds (Tibetan cattle, Sanjiang cattle, and Holstein cattle). The association between differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially methylated regions (DMRs) was analyzed, and the biological functions of DEGs potentially driven by DMRs were explored by KEGG enrichment analysis. Finally, we found that yak-specific DMRs-driven DEGs were mainly involved in neuromodulation, respiration, lung development, blood pressure regulation, cardiovascular protection, energy metabolism, DNA repair, and immune functions. The higher levels of the key genes associated with these functions were observed in yak than in cattle, suggesting that DNA methylation might regulate these genes. Overall, the present study contributes basic data at the DNA methylation level to further understand the physiological metabolism in yak.</p>","PeriodicalId":15682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution","volume":"340 4","pages":"316-328"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jez.b.23174","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9628854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In the Spotlight: Early career researcher","authors":"Patricia Álvarez-Campos","doi":"10.1002/jez.b.23178","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jez.b.23178","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Patricia Álvarez-Campos was a PhD Fellow of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and a Postdoctoral Fellow of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO). She also received Awards from the Society of Systematic Biologists and from the Systematics Association of the Linnean Society of London and, more recently, she has received the Young Research Doctors Award from the Spanish Regional Program of Research and Technological Innovation&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Patricia is an Associate Editor of JEZ-B.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Google scholar page: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=7kIZdj0AAAAJ&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;With whom and where did you study?&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I earned my BS in Biology at UAM (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid) working with Guillermo San Martín in taxonomy and systematics of Syllidae marine annelids. I then continued working at UAM with these organisms, completing my PhD thesis in speciation and gene expression patterns with my wonderful advisor Ana Riesgo. Gonzalo Giribet (Harvard University) and Greg Rouse (Scripps Institution of Oceanography) were also very important mentors during my PhD years since they gave me the opportunity to learn a lot at their labs and to develop part of my thesis goals with them. As a postdoctoral researcher, I began studying the cellular and molecular aspects of annelid regeneration at the Institut Jacques Monod (CNRS, París) with Eve Gazave and Michel Vervoort. Once I got the EMBO fellowship I switched to work on single-cell transcriptomics techniques at Oxford Brookes University, mentored by Jordi Solana. Now as an Assistant Professor at UAM, I work on syllids biodiversity and on EvoDevo of different annelid species, specifically on the control of reproduction and regeneration.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;What got you interested in biology? when did you know evodevo was for you?&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Honestly, I discovered very late that I wanted to be a marine biologist. What I really knew when I was a child was that I wanted to be a professor working in some field related to nature because I loved animals. But since I also loved math, I decided to spend my first year of university studying forestry engineering. A couple of months later, there was enough to realize that my place would not be working on (or teaching about) how to manage natural resources, but instead, it would be learning about the fascinating world of organismic diversity and evolution. Thus, I changed to pursuing a degree in Biology and during my last year, I fell in love with marine invertebrates, specifically mollusks and annelids. Then, I had the opportunity to do my PhD on syllids. I started researching this amazing family of marine worms, that presented (and still present) many unsolved evolutionary questions. My passion for EvoDevo arose very soon, when I began studying the striking type of sexual reproduction that these animals exhibit and when I understood that EvoDevo would be essential to fully comprehend not only reproduction but also other interesting devel","PeriodicalId":15682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution","volume":"338 7","pages":"393-394"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c8/f9/JEZ-338-393.PMC9825854.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10499595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In the Spotlight—Established researcher","authors":"Mark Rebeiz","doi":"10.1002/jez.b.23175","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jez.b.23175","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution","volume":"340 2","pages":"87-88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10744232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In the Spotlight—Established Researcher","authors":"Julia Boughner","doi":"10.1002/jez.b.23176","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jez.b.23176","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution","volume":"340 4","pages":"281-282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9439538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evaluation of the effect of hydrofluoric acid (HF) treatment on keratins","authors":"Tao Zhao,&nbsp;Yanhong Pan","doi":"10.1002/jez.b.23173","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jez.b.23173","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hydrofluoric acid (HF) is commonly used in geological and paleontological research to extract organic fossils for morphological and chemical studies. However, during HF treatment, organic matter can also be altered, which raises concerns that HF-treated organic matter may not be representative of the original organic matter. To provide reference data for protein studies on fossils, herein, we use Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to investigate the effect of HF (21.3 M) treatment on keratins, with treatment durations ranging from 2 to 48 h. Results show that the FTIR spectra of HF-treated samples are overall similar to that of the untreated sample, while curve fitting shows that HF treatment has led to alteration of the secondary structure in all the HF-treated samples and the effect is time-dependent. The 2- and 4-h treatment mainly reduced the content of the random coils, α-helix, and intermolecular β-sheet. From 8h onwards, the content of random coils greatly increased at the expense of other structures. Our results imply that for protein detection in fossils using FTIR spectroscopy, the negative effect of HF treatment is not substantial, as the bands characteristic of proteins, that is, amide A, amide B, amide I, amide II, and amide III, are still present after the 48-h treatment. If the target is a secondary structure, the effect of HF treatment should be considered. When HF treatment is necessary, limiting the treatment duration to less than 4h may be a choice.</p>","PeriodicalId":15682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution","volume":"340 5","pages":"377-384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9620056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cranial shape variation in domestication: A pilot study on the case of rabbits","authors":"Madeleine Geiger,&nbsp;Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra,&nbsp;Emma Sherratt","doi":"10.1002/jez.b.23171","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jez.b.23171","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Domestication leads to phenotypic characteristics that have been described to be similar across species. However, this “domestication syndrome” has been subject to debate, related to a lack of evidence for certain characteristics in many species. Here we review diverse literature and provide new data on cranial shape changes due to domestication in the European rabbit (<i>Oryctolagus cuniculus</i>) as a preliminary case study, thus contributing novel evidence to the debate. We quantified cranial shape of 30 wild and domestic rabbits using micro-computed tomography scans and three-dimensional geometric morphometrics. The goal was to test (1) if the domesticates exhibit shorter and broader snouts, smaller teeth, and smaller braincases than their wild counterparts; (2) to what extent allometric scaling is responsible for cranial shape variation; (3) if there is evidence for more variation in the neural crest-derived parts of the cranium compared with those derived of the mesoderm, in accordance with the “neural crest hypothesis.” Our own data are consistent with older literature records, suggesting that although there is evidence for some cranial characteristics of the “domestication syndrome” in rabbits, facial length is not reduced. In accordance with the “neural crest hypothesis,” we found more shape variation in neural crest versus mesoderm-derived parts of the cranium. Within the domestic group, allometric scaling relationships of the snout, the braincase, and the teeth shed new light on ubiquitous patterns among related taxa. This study—albeit preliminary due to the limited sample size—adds to the growing evidence concerning nonuniform patterns associated with domestication.</p>","PeriodicalId":15682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution","volume":"338 8","pages":"532-541"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9804214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10838648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative embryogenesis in ungulate domesticated species","authors":"Xenia Schlindwein,&nbsp;Ingmar Werneburg","doi":"10.1002/jez.b.23172","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jez.b.23172","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We compared embryogenesis of five species of domesticated even-toed and one odd-toed ungulate and used a phylogenetic framework to contextualize such comparison. Organ systems that occur relatively earlier in embryogenesis generally have more time to develop and therefore are found to be more mature at birth when compared to structures that appear later in development. We hypothesized that the less mature the animals' organs are at birth, the more they are susceptible to artificial selection. The horse had the most mature organs at birth, followed by cattle, reindeer, sheep/goat, and pig. This pattern of maturity could be observed almost during the entire development. Heterochronic shifts among species were observed only after fur starts to develop. Changes in the fur coloration are one of the first observable signs of domestication and the heterochrony of this trait may be related to the effects on neural crest-derived pigment cells by artificial selection. The six ungulate species also differ in the relative duration of their weaning period and the potential extent of its artificial shortening. We put all these traits in the context of their inherited evolutionary characteristics and artificial domestication process. Related to their altriciality, carnivoran domesticates, which also belong to Scrotifera, are less mature at birth than all domesticated ungulates. Although we detected clear character correlations to life history traits, it is impossible based on the present data, to trace specific exaptations to the domestication process. We hypothesize a deep time developmental penetration of adult characters into embryogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution","volume":"338 8","pages":"495-504"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jez.b.23172","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10395691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In the spotlight—Established researcher","authors":"Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra","doi":"10.1002/jez.b.23170","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jez.b.23170","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Website: www.msanchezlab.net&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Google scholar page: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=taTQzw0AAAAJ&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;With whom and where did you study?&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;My undergraduate study in Biology was at Universidad Simón Bolívar in Caracas. After a year of fieldwork and diverse laboratory experiences, I went for a PhD at Duke University, with a thesis on marsupial mammal cranial development and evolution. I had two coadvisors: Kathleen Smith (comparative ontogenetics) and Richard Kay (paleontological work). This was followed by my Habilitation under my mentor Wolfgang Maier in Tübingen (Germany), where I worked on diverse topics of mammalian ontogeny and learned to teach on the comparative anatomy of diverse Deuterostomia groups. During my job at the Natural History Museum in London, I learned about modularity from hosting Anjali Goswami as a postdoc; from many paleontologists there and in Zurich I was inspired to contribute to “developmental paleontology.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;What got you interested in biology? When did you know EvoDevo was for you?&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I came to Biology with a fascination for exploring the natural world; evolution provided an explanation to my questions on origins. My first interest was in reconstructing evolutionary trees, and for that solving homology questions required the ontogenetic perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Exposure to EvoDevo ideas came from readings at graduate school at Duke on the neural crest, heterochrony, evolutionary novelties, and others—there I learned that EvoDevo was not just about Hox genes, and I became inspired by Pere Alberch's papers. I started to use the sequence heterochrony approach following the work of Kathleen Smith, Mike Richardson, and others, as this allowed me to examine developmental evolution with a comparative approach that did not require perfectly timed series and thus could be more inclusive in taxonomic sampling. When I learned about palaeohistology from my then postdoc Torsten Scheyer in Zurich, I realized that one could directly address matters of growth and life history in fossils, in addition to an approach based on phylogenetic bracket considerations. For my work on animal domestication, I saw the chance to bring a comparative ontogenetic perspective, and here the insights gained on neural crest development by detailed experimental studies in the work of Rich Schneider and others inform much of what we discussed about patterns of morphological diversification.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;What do you see as the major challenges of EvoDevo?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I hope that EvoDevo embraces genuinely comparative ontogenetic research as a part of it, and that technological advances continue to contribute with discoveries but do not determine what can be funded or published, as EvoDevo remains a question-driven discipline as opposed to one driven by methods. Macroevolutionary questions that can be addressed only from a developmental perspective should continue to be part of a broad and pluralistic EvoDe","PeriodicalId":15682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution","volume":"338 8","pages":"443-444"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9796108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10445242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In the Spotlight—Established Researcher","authors":"Andreas Wanninger","doi":"10.1002/jez.b.23169","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jez.b.23169","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Andreas Wanninger was the coordinator of the EU Research Training Network MOLMORPH that united 5 European universities with research groups using EvoDevo, paleontology, morphology, and phylogeny to tackle various questions revolving around animal evolution. He is the current President-elect of the International Society of Invertebrate Morphology (ISIM).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Andi was an Associate Editor of JEZ-B from 2012 until 2021.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Website: https://zoology.univie.ac.at/people/scientific-staff/andreas-wanninger/&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;With whom and where did you study?&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I received my Diploma in Biology from the Ludwig-Maximilians-University in Munich, Bavaria. When the time had come to look for a thesis project and supervisor, a young and dynamic professor in Zoology had just been hired, Gerhard Haszprunar. As a top-notch morphologist, he had plans to expand his research into molluscan organogenesis and since I have always had a crush on tiny creatures, he offered me a project on gastropod myogenesis using fluorescene markers and confocal microscopy—very fancy stuff for a morphologist at that time. I fell in love with larval and developmental biology, particularly, as to how morphological structures form and change during ontogeny and so I decided to continue with a PhD in his lab looking comparatively into molluscan development.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;What got you interested in Biology?&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I grew up in a small village in the Bavarian Alps, close to the border with Austria, and thus was pretty much an outdoor kid. I loved (and still do) hiking in the mountains and being surrounded by nature. Thus, almost inevitably, I have always had an interest in everything living. However, I was never the nerdy kind of guy who would collect tons of insects or plants or would sit endless hours trying to determine those leggy creatures that were crawling and humming around in our backyard. I think I was just too lazy for that. I liked books, too, and that got me exposed to more exotic creatures that were not roaming our backyard such as dinosaurs or everything marine. I developed an interest in finding out something unknown early on; being the first one to see or discover something always had a great appeal to me, and so the wish to pursue a scientific career somehow developed almost naturally.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;When did you know EvoDevo was for you?&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Being into small creatures and morphology got me interested in tiny marine larvae, but when I seriously started to look into this during my thesis project I realized how fascinating it is to decipher how structures form and change in short time intervals during ontogeny. So, on a purely morphological level, we did EvoDevo already before the discipline got its name. With very little background in genetics, my focus was first restricted to comparative morphogenesis, but this changed during my Postdoc with Bernie Degnan from Brisbane, during which I got the first hands-on experience with molecular approaches","PeriodicalId":15682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution","volume":"338 6","pages":"329-330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/74/04/JEZ-338-329.PMC9543878.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40614442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Domestic cat embryos reveal unique transcriptomes of developing incisor, canine, and premolar teeth","authors":"Emily D. Woodruff,&nbsp;Bonnie K. Kircher,&nbsp;Brooke A. Armfield,&nbsp;Julie K. Levy,&nbsp;Jonathan I. Bloch,&nbsp;Martin J. Cohn","doi":"10.1002/jez.b.23168","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jez.b.23168","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Division of the dentition into morphologically distinct classes of teeth (incisors, canines, premolars, and molars) and the acquisition of tribosphenic molars facilitated precise occlusion between the teeth early in mammal evolution. Despite the evolutionary and ecological importance of distinct classes of teeth with unique cusp, crest, and basin morphologies, relatively little is known about the genetic basis for the development of different tooth classes within the embryo. Here we investigated genetic differences between developing deciduous incisor, canine, and premolar teeth in the domestic cat (<i>Felis catus</i>), which we propose to be a new model for tooth development. We examined differences in both developmental timing and crown morphology between the three tooth classes. Using RNA sequencing of early bell stage tooth germs, we showed that each of the three deciduous tooth classes possess a unique transcriptional profile. Three notable groups of genes emerged from our differential expression analysis; genes involved in the extracellular matrix (ECM), Wnt pathway signaling, and members of multiple homeobox gene families (<i>Lhx, Dlx, Alx</i>, and <i>Nkx</i>). Our results suggest that ECM genes may play a previously under-appreciated role in shaping the surface of the tooth crown during development. Differential regulation of these genes likely underlies differences in tooth crown shape and size, although subtle temporal differences in development between the tooth germs could also be responsible. This study provides foundational data for future experiments to examine the function of these candidate genes in tooth development to directly test their potential effects on crown morphology.</p>","PeriodicalId":15682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution","volume":"338 8","pages":"516-531"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10394197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}