The Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Animal Science NAAS of Ukraine最新文献

{"title":"PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF FIRST CALVING CROSSBRED COWS","authors":"O. Admin, N. Admina, I. Filipenko","doi":"10.32900/2312-8402-2021-125-59-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32900/2312-8402-2021-125-59-68","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of studies of reproductive performance, safety and average daily milk yield of first-calf cows of the Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed, obtained from the Montbeliard and Holstein sire bulls in the SE \"Gontarivka\", Kharkiv region.\u0000It was found that the weight at the first fertilization in heifers obtained from bulls of different breeds did not practically differ, and averaged 470 kg. At the same time, the age of the first insemination and calving of the daughters obtained from the Montbeliard bulls was significantly less than of the daughters obtained from the Holstein bulls, which indicates a greater intensity of growth of crossbred heifers.\u0000The average daily milk yield of daughters of Montbeliard breed bulls for the first two months of lactation was 1.6 kg and 0.5 kg less than that of their counterparts. In the third month of lactation, the average daily milk yield of first calving cows obtained from Holstein bulls became 0.2 kg less than that of crossbred ones, and later this trend of the advantage in daily milk yield of the daughters of Holstein bulls continued.\u0000For 8 months of lactation, the milk yield of the daughters of the Montbeliard bulls was slightly less by 201.4 kg than their peers. There were no significant differences in the content of fat, protein and the somatic cells count.","PeriodicalId":156452,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Animal Science NAAS of Ukraine","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125342636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DIAGNOSTIC MEASURES REGARDING VIRAL DISEASES OF BEES IN THEIR MODERN DOMESTIC TECHNOLOGICAL SCHEME KEEPING AND BREEDING","authors":"I. Maslii","doi":"10.32900/2312-8402-2023-129-131-140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32900/2312-8402-2023-129-131-140","url":null,"abstract":"Only the most prosperous apiaries in veterinary and sanitary terms are able to ensure the proper functioning of the beekeeping industry. To do this, it is necessary to carry out timely and comprehensive diagnostic production and laboratory measures in order to identify the causative agents of bee diseases and prevent their spread. One of the modern high-precision methods is the polymerase chain reaction using specific primers. This method of analysis is quite widely used in many countries of the world for the diagnosis of viral diseases of bees.\u0000 The purpose of the research is a comparative assessment of the use of two methods: epizootological examination in the field and diagnosis of viruses using PCR with specific primers for entomopathogenic viruses. As part of the experiment, 162 samples of pathological material from 17 regions of Ukraine were examined. According to the results of a three-year epizootological examination, clinical examination of families and differential diagnosis, 146 samples of pathological material were selected for PCR research.\u0000 Out of 146 samples tested by PCR, only 51 were positive, which is 34.9%. This confirms the difficulty of establishing a diagnosis of viral diseases of bees based on clinical signs. Analyzing the results obtained over the years of research, it should be noted that the lowest number of positive cases of bees affected by viral agents according to PCR results was recorded in 2015 - 9 samples (17.6%) of cases, the largest - in 2016 - 27 (52.9%). According to the determination of the specific share of each of the studied viruses, it was established that the most common in 2014 were chronic paralysis (26.7 %) and sac-like brood (46.7 %), in 2015 – sac-like brood (66.7 %), in 2016 – chronic paralysis and saccular fetus. This indicates that effective and high-quality diagnostics of viral infections, apart from the viral disease of offspring, have not yet been sufficiently developed in Ukraine.\u0000Keywords: viral diseases of bees, epizootological, clinical method of research, polymerase chain reaction.","PeriodicalId":156452,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Animal Science NAAS of Ukraine","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126644758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GENEALOGICAL STRUCTURE OF NOVOALEXANDROVSKY DRAFT HORSE","authors":"S. Pavlovsky, I. Tkachova","doi":"10.32900/2312-8402-2019-122-130-138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32900/2312-8402-2019-122-130-138","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":156452,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Animal Science NAAS of Ukraine","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114468344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF HAPLOTYPE FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION BY CSN2 AND CSN3 LOCUS IN THE CATTLE POPULATION OF THE UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED","authors":"R. Kulibaba, M. Sakhatskyi, Yurii Liashenko","doi":"10.32900/2312-8402-2022-128-94-104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32900/2312-8402-2022-128-94-104","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the genetic structure of the cow population of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed were carried out in loci of beta-casein (CSN2) and kappa-casein (CSN3) loci, and the distribution of haplotype frequencies was analyzed. The polymorphism of the experimental loci was determined using AS-PCR (allele-specific PCR) in the case of CSN2 and PCR-RFLP (restriction analysis) in the case of CSN3. The frequencies of genotypes and alleles, the value of observable (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosity, the Wright fixation index (Fis) and the effective number of alleles (ne) were determined based on the results of the studies. Haplotype frequencies were determined by calculating the EM-algorithm using the EH+ program. Calculations of the standardized measure of deviation by linkage from the equilibrium state were made using the 2LD program. According to the results of the studies, polymorphism was revealed for both experimental loci in the cattle population of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed. At the CSN2 locus, the A1 allele frequency was 0.44; A2 – 0.56. At the CSN3 locus, the A allele frequency was 0.80; allele B – 0.20. The experimental cattle population was in a state of genetic equilibrium in accordance with both polymorphic loci. Based on the analysis of the haplotype frequencies distribution, haplotype CSN2A1-CSN3A was found to have the highest frequency (0,46), haplotype CSN2A2-CSN3B had the smallest (0,085). In the experimental cattle population of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed there is no deviation from the equilibrium state by linkage (D′ = 0.33; which is significantly less than the critical value) between the identified allelic variants of the CSN2 and CSN3 loci. This indicates that the distribution of haplotype frequencies is the result of the particularities of the corresponding alleles frequency distribution.","PeriodicalId":156452,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Animal Science NAAS of Ukraine","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114610863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROTECTIVE ENVIRONMENTS FOR ANIMAL SPERM: EVOLUTION OF METHODS AND TOPICAL ASPECTS (REVIEW ARTICLE)","authors":"A. Sushko, G. Zhegunov, M. Savelieva, Larysa Yeletska, Irina Martinyk","doi":"10.32900/2312-8402-2023-129-182-197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32900/2312-8402-2023-129-182-197","url":null,"abstract":"A retrospective review of domestic and foreign sources of literature is presented, as well as data of published own research on cryopreservation of animal sperm. The main historical stages of the creation of protective environments for deep freezing of sperm are given.\u0000 In the 30s of the last century, a phenomenon characterized by the death of spermatozoa upon sharp cooling in the range of positive temperatures was discovered. It is called temperature shock of sperm. To prevent it, it is proposed to add substances containing phospholipids to the composition of diluents. Such environments can contain both simple components - native chicken egg yolk or milk, and high-tech - lipoproteins, isolated phospholipids of various origins. To stabilize protein-lipid complexes of plasma membranes and acrosomes of sperm during the cooling process, carbohydrates are added to the diluents. Sugars are components of energy supply for sperm and, along with salts, they are the main osmotic regulators. A combination of two or three carbohydrates in the medium was traditionally considered necessary. However, the Kharkiv school of reproductive specialists has proven the possibility of creating effective protective environments using only one sugar - sucrose or lactose - based on considerable practical experience.\u0000 The effectiveness of germ cell freezing is shown depending on the cryoprotectants used. Glycerin is the first known endocellular cryoprotectant, which is still unsurpassed in sperm cryopreservation. Our own experimental data on the effect of combinations of glycerol with substances from the amide group on the main biological indicators of sperm after deconservation are presented. Cryoprotectants dimethylacetamide (DMAC) and dimethylformamide (DMF) were tested in own experiments on stallion semen. The experiments studied the effect of different concentrations of the above-mentioned penetrating cryoprotectants both on the main physiological characteristics of stallion sperm (motility, survival), and on the degree of damage to the membrane apparatus of sperm. The effectiveness of certain combinations of these substances has been proven.\u0000 Methods of preventing the negative impact of oxygen and the development of lipid peroxidation processes in sperm during cryopreservation are presented. The concept of using additional hormonal components in diluents, in particular prostaglandin F2a, is revealed. The materials related to the effect on the quality of reproductive cells of healing preparations are displayed.\u0000Keywords: artificial insemination, environments, semen, animals, bulls, stallions, cryoprotectants, freezing.","PeriodicalId":156452,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Animal Science NAAS of Ukraine","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128616511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF VEGETATIVE ORGANS OF DENDROBIUM PARISHII RCHB.F. IN THE MUSCLE TISSUE OF RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS WALBAUM): IN VITRO MODEL STUDY","authors":"L. Buyun, O. Gyrenko, M. Opryshko, L. Kovalska, H. Tkachenko, N. Kurhaluk","doi":"10.32900/2312-8402-2020-123-9-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32900/2312-8402-2020-123-9-20","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to evaluate the in vitro effect of buffer extract obtained from leaves and pseudobulbs (modified shoots) of Dendrobium parishii Rchb. f. on the 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as lipid peroxidation biomarker, aldehydic and ketonic derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the muscle tissue of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum). The shoots (pseudobulbs) with leaves of Dendrobium parishii cultivated under glasshouse conditions were sampled at M.M. Gryshko National Botanic Garden (NBG) (Kyiv, Ukraine). Since 1999, the whole collection of tropical and subtropical plants (including orchids) has had the status of a National Heritage Collection of Ukraine and is supported through State funding. Besides, NBG’s collection of tropical orchids was registered at the Administrative Organ of CITES in Ukraine (Ministry of Environment Protection, registration No. 6939/19/1-10 of 23 June 2004). The collected pseudobulbs and leaves were brought into the laboratory for biochemical studies. Freshly collected leaves were washed, weighed, crushed, and homogenized in 0.1M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) (in proportion 1:19, w/w) at room temperature. The extract was then filtered and investigated for its antioxidant capacity. The extract was stored at -20°C until use. The increase in TBARS level in the muscle tissue exposed to extracts derived from leaves and pseudobulbs of D. parishii was insignificant. The level of ketonic derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins was non-significantly decreased both for leaf and pseudobulb extracts compared to the untreated samples. The extracts obtained from leaves and pseudobulbs of D. parishii significantly increased the TAC level in muscle tissue due to inhibited the Fe2+/ascorbate-induced oxidation of Tween 80. Overall, these findings demonstrate that aqueous extracts of vegetative organs of Dendrobium parishii can enhance the total antioxidant capacity in the muscle tissue of the rainbow trout. Moreover, this antioxidant effect was more intensive for pseudobulb extracts.","PeriodicalId":156452,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Animal Science NAAS of Ukraine","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129169251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONDITION AND WAYS OF ENHANCEMENT OF THE HORSE BREEDING SYSTEM FOR THE WORK-USER DIRECTION OF THE KHERSON REGION","authors":"O. Sobol","doi":"10.32900/2312-8402-2019-122-198-208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32900/2312-8402-2019-122-198-208","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":156452,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Animal Science NAAS of Ukraine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130683385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BODY INDEX OF TWO-BREED REPAIR PIGS AND SOWS","authors":"A. Tserenyuk, A. Akimov, N. Shkavro, Y. Chereuta","doi":"10.32900/2312-8402-2019-122-248-257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32900/2312-8402-2019-122-248-257","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":156452,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Animal Science NAAS of Ukraine","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123534787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE HEAT STRESS INFLUENCE REDUCTION ON MILK PRODUCTIVITY","authors":"I. Sediuk, A. Zolotarov, G. Prusova, Podobed L. Podobed, Y. Kravchenko, Larysa Yeletska, S. Zolotarova","doi":"10.32900/2312-8402-2023-129-172-181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32900/2312-8402-2023-129-172-181","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of research on the reduction of the negative influence of heat stress on the milk productivity of cows in the second half of lactation due to the use of a protein feed additive with protected protein and starch.\u0000 One of the factors of effective milk production with intensive management of the industry is the creation of comfortable conditions for keeping animals on the farm. Highly productive cows are quite demanding on the conditions of maintenance and microclimate.\u0000 The study of the productive action of the complex drug Bypass protein + passable starch under the influence of temperature stress was carried out by us for the first time. The influence of the thermal factor of the environment on the productivity of cows is well described in the literature and the mechanisms of such an effect are described. The main consequence of the reaction of cows to temperature stress is a decrease in the consumption of dry matter of feed. This factor becomes the main factor in reducing productivity due to energy and protein deficiency.\u0000 The same reaction was observed in our studies, both in the control and experimental groups. But we confirmed for the first time that the actions of compensation of temperature stress can be controlled due to the configurations of protein and energy entering the body by bypassing the scar.\u0000 In our research, it has been proven for the first time that even in the conditions of reduced feed consumption, this way of providing cows with protein and energy is a reliable way of managing the productivity of cows and stabilizing their homeostasis during the period of temperature conditions that are dangerous for the existence of animals.\u0000 It was established that the decrease in daily milk yield by 1.3 kg is a consequence of the negative influence of the temperature factor, when the daily air temperature in the summer period was at the level of +24.5-36.4 oС. The proof of this is the decrease in the rate of decline in the level of milk productivity of the cows of the experimental groups in August, when the average daily air temperature dropped to +24-26 °C.\u0000 Modernization of the feeding ration of high-yielding cows by increasing the content of non-degradable protein in the rumen to the norm during temperature stress contributed to better adaptation of animals to productivity and quality indicators of milk.\u0000\u0000Keywords: protected protein, cows, milk productivity, protein supplement, heat stress.","PeriodicalId":156452,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Animal Science NAAS of Ukraine","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116316282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF BREEDING METHODS AND AGE OF DANISH SOWS ON THEIR PRODUCTIVITY","authors":"M. Povod, О. Mykhalko, V. Andreychuk","doi":"10.32900/2312-8402-2021-125-161-179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32900/2312-8402-2021-125-161-179","url":null,"abstract":"The article compares the reproductive qualities of sows of Danish selection obtained by different breeding methods during their seven farrowings in one farm. It was found that local sows F1 obtained from mothers of Landrace breed and boars of Danish Large White breed had a significant excess of the total number of piglets at birth over analogs obtained by backcrossing of two-breed sows with boars of Danish Landrace breed by 0.90 head or 5.92 % (p<0,001). Both purebred sows of Danish Landrace and local sows significantly exceeded their peers obtained by the method of backcrossing by the number of stillborn piglets by 1.17 heads or 45.88% (p<0.001) and 0.5 heads or 26.60% (p<0.001) respectively. The probable lag of sows obtained by backcrossing in terms of the proportion of stillborn piglets from both purebred analogs by 5.03% (p<0.05) and from local analogs – by 9.29% (p<0.05). The complex indicator of reproductive qualities, calculated as an evaluation index, showed that the best such qualities were possessed by livestock for purebred breeding, where animals scored 0.05 and 0.74 points more than their peers F1 and Fr, respectively. The calculation of the estimated selection index of reproductive qualities of sows allowed to state that sows obtained from backcrossing had a higher value of 109.66 points, which is more than their purebred peers – by 4.48 points and local peers – by 3.96 points. According to the results of the first farrowing, a significant difference in the total number of piglets at birth, fertility, number of piglets at weaning, safety, nest weight at weaning, the weight of 1 head at weaning between livestock groups is not established but found that purebred sows relative to analogs obtained from backcrossing had a significantly higher number of stillborn piglets by 0.75 head or 60.00% (p<0.01) and the proportion of stillborn piglets by 5.09% (p<0.01). Evaluation of the data of the second, fourth, fifth and seventh farrowings revealed no significant difference in the bulk of the indicators of reproductive qualities of sows between the livestock of all groups. The study of the third farrowing allowed claiming that the number of stillborn piglets in this period was probably higher in sows of the first control group relative to analogs of the second experimental (F1) by 0.73 heads or 31.88% (p<0,05) and relative to analogs Experimental III (Fr) by 0.97 heads or 42.36% (p<0.01). According to the sixth farrowing piglets of the II experimental group (F1) exceeded the number of births by 1,77 heads or 12.46% (p<0.05) – control analogs, the fertility rate – by 2.32 heads or 19.66% (p<0.01) – analogs of the control and 1.41 head or 9.99% (p<0.05) – analogs of the III experimental group (Fr), but at the same time inferior in terms of safety to peers of the control group by 13.25% (p<0.01). Intergroup analysis of data showed that during the sixth farrowing piglets of the II experimental group (F1) exceeded the fertility rate – by 2.32 heads ","PeriodicalId":156452,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Animal Science NAAS of Ukraine","volume":"810 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121519481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}