Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Lactoferrin-functionalized bioinspired grapefruit-extracellular vesicles for targeted delivery of pterostilbene in lung cancer therapy","authors":"Eman M. Nour ,&nbsp;Salma E. El-Habashy ,&nbsp;Ahmed M.R. Fath El-Bab ,&nbsp;Basant A. Bakr ,&nbsp;Riham M. El-Moslemany ,&nbsp;Amal H. El-Kamel","doi":"10.1016/j.jddst.2026.107991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jddst.2026.107991","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lung cancer remains the primary cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, emphasizing the pressing need for novel phytoconstituent-based therapeutic strategies. This study investigates the lung anti-cancer potential of pterostilbene (PS), a bioactive phytochemical, incorporated into a bioinspired delivery system to improve its efficacy. PS was encapsulated within grapefruit-derived extracellular vesicles (GEV) for the development of novel (PS-GEV). Two isolation techniques were investigated: polymer precipitation and a microfluidic-assisted approach, with polymer precipitation offering superior scalability and efficiency. The resulting PS-GEV, isolated using PEG-precipitation, exhibited excellent colloidal stability, a high encapsulation efficiency exceeding 95 %, and a nanoscale particle size (30.85 ± 8.15 nm). To enhance tumor targeting and therapeutic outcomes, lactoferrin functionalization was performed (LF/PS-GEV). These modified nanocarriers showed a zeta potential of −4.03 ± 0.22 mV, particle size of 48.49 ± 13.14 nm, and a sustained release profile with 59.3 ± 4.93 % PS release over 24 h. In vitro studies on A549 lung cancer cells demonstrated enhanced cellular uptake, reduced cell viability, and inhibited cancer cell migration. The developed vesicles demonstrated high hemocompatibility. In vivo evaluation in a urethane-induced lung cancer mouse model confirmed improved therapeutic outcomes, with LF/PS-GEV treatment significantly reducing the tumor weight-to-body weight ratio (5.05 ± 0.37) compared to the untreated group. Additionally, pro-angiogenic (VEGF) and proliferative markers (cyclin D1) were downregulated, while apoptotic markers BAX (1.89 ± 0.04-fold) and caspase-3 (4.91 ± 0.09-fold) were upregulated. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed notable suppression of chemotherapy resistance-related p53 protein. Collectively, these findings highlight LF/PS-GEV as a potent, active targeting nanotherapeutic platform for effective lung cancer management through enhanced therapeutic efficacy and tumor-specific action.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 107991"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Milk-derived extracellular vesicles enhanced Sorafenib's therapeutic response on hepatocellular carcinoma cells","authors":"Mahsa Salehi ,&nbsp;Babak Negahdari ,&nbsp;Mahdieh Hashemi ,&nbsp;Homeyra Seydi ,&nbsp;Sareh Salarinejad ,&nbsp;Abbas Piryaei ,&nbsp;Alimohamad Moradi ,&nbsp;Ali Zarrabi ,&nbsp;Faezeh Shekari ,&nbsp;Massoud Vosough","doi":"10.1016/j.jddst.2026.108005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jddst.2026.108005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sorafenib (SOR) is a commonly used medication to treat advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its clinical efficacy is limited by poor water solubility, fast metabolism, and undesirable side effects. While milk and red blood cells (RBCs) have been introduced as potentially safe, scalable, and available sources of extracellular vesicles (EVs), no study has compared the feasibility of milk-derived EVs (miEVs) and RBC-derived EVs (RBCEVs) as drug delivery vehicles. Moreover, there is little information on whether loading SOR into EVs improves its therapeutic effectiveness. Herein, we isolated RBCEVs at 100,000×<em>g</em> (RBCEV100K) and various subpopulations of miEVs at 35,000×<em>g</em> (miEV35K), 70,000×<em>g</em> (miEV70K), and 100,000×<em>g</em> (miEV100K), and characterized them based on marker expression and size distribution. SOR was subsequently loaded into these EVs via incubation, and encapsulation efficiency was measured spectrophotometrically. Storage stability and cellular uptake were also assessed. Furthermore, comprehensive <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> assessments were performed on hepatic cell lines, Huh-7 and Hep3B. The isolated EVs were &lt;200 nm in size and positive for EV-specific protein markers. Compared to the other EVs, miEV100K exhibited considerably higher SOR loading. Moreover, its stability during storage and cellular uptake rate in both cell lines were more efficient than RBCEV100K. Therefore, as an optimal SOR carrier, miEV100K was selected for subsequent experiments. Compared to SOR, SOR-miEV100K significantly induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation, cell cycle progression, colony formation, and migration capacities in HCC cells by downregulating <em>CDH2, Ki-67, CCND1</em>, and <em>CD133</em>, while upregulating <em>P53</em> expression. Moreover, SOR-miEV100K significantly attenuated the tumorigenic potential of Huh-7 cells in nude mice and was less cytotoxic to normal human fibroblasts than SOR. Therefore, miEV100K not only enhances the therapeutic efficacy of SOR but also reduces its side effects, highlighting its promise as a delivery platform. However, further investigation is required to pave the way toward clinical application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 108005"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering and translational evaluation of A Novel Albumin-binding variable domain of heavy chain-only antibody for half-life extension","authors":"Chengkai Yin ,&nbsp;Tianyan Liu,&nbsp;Dan Yu,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Yan,&nbsp;Xuelei Pi,&nbsp;Panpan Sun,&nbsp;Hongna Chen,&nbsp;Jiarui Yang,&nbsp;Zhenzhong Wang,&nbsp;Zhihang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jddst.2026.108044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jddst.2026.108044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Therapeutic proteins often exhibit rapid clearance from circulation, necessitating frequent dosing and impairing patient adherence. Here, we aimed to develop an albumin-binding VHH (variable domain of heavy chain-only antibody) to extend protein half-life via FcRn(neonatal Fc receptor)-mediated recycling, using follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) as a model. Anti-HSA VHHs were isolated from a naïve alpaca phage library (with cross-reactivity to cynomolgus serum albumin, Cyno-SA) and characterized via surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for binding affinity. AlphaFold3-predicted VHH-HSA complex structures were validated by alanine-scanning mutagenesis. Pharmacokinetics (PK) were assessed in hFcRn-transgenic mice and cynomolgus monkeys, and translational utility was tested using the lead VHH-scFSH fusion (FSH-m7). The lead VHH bound human/Cyno-SA with high affinity, extending systemic exposure and reducing clearance in monkeys. FSH-m7 retained bioactivity, showed prolonged half-life (vs. wild-type FSH) with lower Cmax in humanized mice, and induced dose-dependent ovarian growth and higher estradiol in juvenile rats at equivalent molar doses. This HSA-binding VHH enables robust cross-species half-life extension of protein therapeutics while preserving activity, providing a generalizable platform for engineering albumin-binding biologics to support less frequent dosing and improved adherence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 108044"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of polymer hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity and drug loading strategy (Free vs. polycaprolactone/chitosan nanoparticle-encapsulated) on tamoxifen-loaded polyvinyl alcohol and polycaprolactone nanofibers for breast cancer therapy","authors":"Samia Hammouda,&nbsp;Shimaa Husien,&nbsp;Noha El Salakawy,&nbsp;Wael Mamdouh","doi":"10.1016/j.jddst.2026.108071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jddst.2026.108071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of effective localized drug delivery platforms is critical for enhancing tamoxifen (Tam) therapy in breast cancer (BC) treatment while minimizing systemic side effects. This study presents a comprehensive comparative evaluation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)- and polycaprolactone (PCL)-based nanofiber (NF) systems for Tam delivery, focusing on the impact of polymer hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity and Tam loading methos (Free Tam vs. Nanoparticle-encapsulated) on physicochemical characteristics and biological activities. Both NF systems successfully encapsulated Tam in amorphous form, with PCL-based NFs exhibiting larger fiber diameters (530–911 nm) compared to PVA-based NFs (160–270 nm), both of which mimic natural extracellular matrix components. Thermal analysis demonstrated superior drug stabilization by PCL-based NFs. In vitro release profiles revealed rapid release from PVA-based NFs (&gt;90 % within 6 h), in contrast to controlled, biphasic release from PCL-based systems extending to 144 h in nanoparticle-encapsulated formulations under acidic conditions relevant to tumor microenvironments. Biologically, PVA-based NFs demonstrated 1.6-fold higher anticancer activity against MCF-7 cells (53 % vs. 32.7 % average cytotoxicity) due to faster drug availability but exhibited greater cytotoxicity to normal fibroblasts. Conversely, PCL-based NFs maintained 93 % biocompatibility with normal cells while providing enhanced antioxidant activity (39.3 %) and superior antibacterial performance, achieving inhibition zones up to 45 mm against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. This comparative analysis highlights that PVA-based NFs are optimal for rapid therapeutic action, while PCL-based NFs provide sustained, controlled delivery suitable for long-term treatment with improved safety profiles. These findings emphasize the importance of polymer selection and nanoparticle incorporation in designing advanced drug delivery systems to improve breast cancer therapy outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 108071"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147397305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and appraisal of Luteolin-loaded nanohyaluosomes as a sustainable tissue engineering nanotherapy for treatment of periodontitis: Biochemical and biological investigations","authors":"Yosra S.R. Elnaggar ,&nbsp;Mariam Zewail ,&nbsp;Eman M. Salem ,&nbsp;Wafaa Yahia Alghonemy ,&nbsp;Nevien M. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Omnia M. Abdelfatah ,&nbsp;Rania A. Hanafy ,&nbsp;Mona A. Moustafa","doi":"10.1016/j.jddst.2025.107957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jddst.2025.107957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Periodontitis is a chronic, inflammatory, and infectious disease that affects the teeth and the tissues around them. Luteolin (LUT) is regarded as one of the most important bioactive flavonoids with potential pharmaceutical applications. However, it suffers from impaired membrane permeability, hindering its topical application. This work is the first to design and assess topical LUT-loaded nanohyaluosomes (LUT-HAS) for local treatment of periodontitis. This study intended to evaluate the therapeutic effect of HAS versus LUT-HAS, which are hyaluronic acid-restrained phospholipid nanovesicles that have shown promising in vitro physicochemical properties. The optimum formulation exhibited a particle size of 140.6 ± 2.54 nm, a negative surface charge (−23.2 ± 1.45 mV), and a high entrapment efficiency (92.4 ± 0.03 %). LUT-HAS revealed sustained drug release over 24 h and was stable over 6 months at 25 °C in terms of particle size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. A detailed preclinical study was conducted using experimentally induced periodontitis in male albino rats. Statistical analysis confirmed the histological analysis and revealed significant differences between the periodontitis group and the LUT-HAS-treated group. HAS loaded with LUT produced the most substantial and statistically significant reductions across all measured biomarkers, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6, demonstrating a synergistic therapeutic effect of its components against periodontal inflammation and tissue damage. In conclusion, the innovative LUT-HAS approach offers a novel and effective method for local treatment of periodontitis, highlighting its potential to improve clinical outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 107957"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of ionizable lipid head and tail group modification on mRNA delivery efficiency","authors":"Soan Park ,&nbsp;Kanghun Lee ,&nbsp;Hyun-Jung An ,&nbsp;Enhui Lin ,&nbsp;Sugyeom Kim ,&nbsp;Hyeongseok Kim ,&nbsp;Siheon Jeong ,&nbsp;Snehagni Roy ,&nbsp;Yeon Woo Kang ,&nbsp;Jaehyuk Yang ,&nbsp;Seung-Woo Lee ,&nbsp;Gi-Ra Yi ,&nbsp;Hyomin Lee ,&nbsp;Dong-won Seo ,&nbsp;Dong Soo Hwang ,&nbsp;Joongoo Lee ,&nbsp;Jeong Wook Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jddst.2026.107981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jddst.2026.107981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ionizable lipids are crucial components of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) that significantly impact mRNA therapeutic delivery efficiency. While SM-102 and ALC-0315 demonstrated success in Moderna and Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines, the relationship between their structural features and delivery performance remains unclear. We systematically modified SM-102 by incorporating ALC-0315 features: converting its asymmetric tail to a symmetric structure and replacing the 2-aminoethanol head group with ALC-0315's 4-aminobutanol group. Both modifications decreased mRNA delivery efficiency <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> compared to unmodified SM-102. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, we conducted independent labeling assays using DiI to track LNP internalization, and Cy3 to monitor mRNA cargo delivery. Our results revealed that while tail-modified LNPs exhibited rapid and sustained cellular uptake (DiI signal), head-modified LNPs showed relatively lower internalization. Interestingly, despite the lower uptake, the head-modified LNPs achieved significantly higher GFP expression. These findings demonstrate a clear discrepancy between internalization quantity and translation efficiency. We conclude that the absolute amount of internalized mRNA is not the sole determinant of delivery success; rather, the effective translation (functional delivery) is more critical. This study suggests that LNP structural optimization should prioritize post-internalization functional release and translation quality over simple uptake efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 107981"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-delivery of shRNA-linc-ROR and paclitaxel drug by cationic nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) for breast cancer therapy: in vitro and in vivo","authors":"Marzieh Attar ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Tash Shamsabadi ,&nbsp;Alireza Soltani ,&nbsp;Mohammad Taghi Joghataei ,&nbsp;Seyed Reza khandoozi ,&nbsp;Shahram Teimourian ,&nbsp;Majid Shahbazi ,&nbsp;Vahid Erfani-Moghadam","doi":"10.1016/j.jddst.2025.107941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jddst.2025.107941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the development and evaluation of a novel cationic nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) designed for the co-delivery of paclitaxel (PTX) and short hairpin RNA targeting lincRNA-ROR (shRNA-linc-ROR), aiming to enhance therapeutic efficacy against breast cancer. The NLCs were fabricated using a modified melt-ultrasonication method and comprehensively characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The system efficiently encapsulated PTX and electrostatically complexed shRNA, forming stable lipoplexes with favorable physicochemical properties. In vitro studies in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells demonstrated effective transfection, controlled cytotoxicity, apoptosis induction, and cell-cycle modulation accompanied by significant down-regulation of lincRNA-ROR and restoration of p53 activity. DLS results revealed that blank NLCs (N) had a size of 272.6 nm and a zeta potential of +10.1 mV, while PTX-NLC (NP) measured 316.9 nm with +18.4 mV. Complexation of NLC with shRNA (NR) reduced particle size to 180.6 nm and zeta potential to +3.82 mV, confirming successful plasmid binding. The PTX encapsulation efficiency (EE) and drug loading (DL) were 64 ± 1.59 % and 4.57 ± 0.12 %, respectively. In vivo evaluation using the 4T1 murine breast cancer model further confirmed substantial tumor suppression and prevention of lung metastasis, particularly in the NP, NR and NRP (shRNA-PTX-NLC) group. These findings highlight the potential of this dual-delivery cationic NLC platform as a promising nanotherapeutic strategy integrating chemotherapy and gene silencing for synergistic breast cancer treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 107941"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146074420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photodynamic therapy-enhanced antileishmanial efficacy and biocompatibility of chemically and green-synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles: An in vitro dose- and time-dependent comparative study","authors":"Arshad Islam ,&nbsp;Khizar Abdullah Khan ,&nbsp;Asma Ashraf ,&nbsp;Anwar Ullah ,&nbsp;Muhammad Tariq ,&nbsp;Ajmal Khan ,&nbsp;Suliman Syed ,&nbsp;Ikram Ullah ,&nbsp;Amir Muhammad","doi":"10.1016/j.jddst.2026.108000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jddst.2026.108000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study compares the dose- and time-dependent antileishmanial efficacy of chemically synthesized (Ch-FeO-NPs) and green-synthesized (Gr-FeO-NPs) iron oxide nanoparticles using <em>Trigonella foenum-graecum</em> seed extract under photodynamic therapy. FTIR and UV–vis confirmed synthesis, while XRD and SEM showed Gr-FeO-NPs were rod-shaped (21.25 nm), and Ch-FeO-NPs were spherical (27.45 nm). In vitro assays against <em>Leishmania tropica</em> promastigotes and intramacrophagic amastigotes showed Gr-FeO-NPs had superior activity, especially with 15 min LED pre-incubation. After 72 h, Gr-FeO-NPs exhibited an IC₅₀ of 0.038 ± 0.004 μg/mL against promastigotes, much lower than Ch-FeO-NPs (12.8 ± 1.61 μg/mL; p &lt; 0.0001). Without LED, Gr-FeO-NPs remained more effective (IC₅₀ 25.77 ± 1.18 μg/mL) than Ch-FeO-NPs (36.09 ± 1.69 μg/mL). Against amastigotes, Gr-FeO-NPs again outperformed under LED (IC₅₀ 0.074 ± 0.04 μg/mL vs. 21.68 ± 0.7 μg/mL; p &lt; 0.0001). Their enhanced efficacy is linked to greater ROS generation, DNA damage, membrane disruption, and apoptosis. Gr-FeO-NPs were also less cytotoxic to murine macrophages (CC₅₀ 423.6 ± 4.1 μg/mL) than Ch-FeO-NPs (51.35 ± 2.5 μg/mL). At 72 h, Gr-FeO-NPs had a selectivity index (SI) of 2647.3 vs. 1.1 for Ch-FeO-NPs. These results support Gr-FeO-NPs as a potent and biocompatible candidate for leishmaniasis photodynamic therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 108000"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon dots in nasal delivery: Emerging strategies for enhanced therapeutic efficacy","authors":"Nejva Kaid ,&nbsp;Gamze Camlik ,&nbsp;Yildiz Ozsoy","doi":"10.1016/j.jddst.2026.108028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jddst.2026.108028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intranasal drug delivery has emerged as an effective, non-invasive strategy for targeting both systemic circulation and the central nervous system (CNS), offering a means to bypass first-pass metabolism and the blood–brain barrier (BBB). This route can significantly improve drug bioavailability and therapeutic outcomes. Among the various nanomaterials investigated for intranasal applications, carbon dots (CDs) have attracted growing interest due to their ultra-small size, tunable surface functionalization, strong photoluminescence, high aqueous solubility, chemical stability, favorable biocompatibility, and minimal cytotoxicity. These features make CDs particularly well suited for both therapeutic delivery and theranostic applications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in CD-based intranasal delivery systems, with emphasis on their ability to enhance transport across biological barriers, improve drug stability and targeting, and support real-time imaging. Key strategies in formulation design, surface functionalization, and preclinical performance are discussed, alongside critical limitations affecting clinical translation, including incomplete mechanistic understanding, safety evaluation gaps, and challenges related to reproducibility. Together, these insights provide a framework to guide the rational design of CD-enabled intranasal systems and to inform future efforts aimed at translating preclinical advances into clinically applicable nasal drug delivery technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 108028"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fe-Cu bimetallic organic framework overcomes antioxidant barriers to achieve synergistic chemo-chemodynamic tumor therapy","authors":"Qianqian Liu ,&nbsp;Yusong Pan ,&nbsp;Peixuan Zou ,&nbsp;Ling Peng ,&nbsp;Cuilian Wei ,&nbsp;Wenjie Luo ,&nbsp;Run Huang ,&nbsp;Xiuling Lin ,&nbsp;Jun Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.jddst.2026.108017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jddst.2026.108017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study overcomes intracellular antioxidant barriers limiting chemodynamic therapy (CDT) by designing an Fe-Cu bimetallic organic framework (MOF) nanocarrier. Synthesized solvothermally, the spindle-shaped MOF (long axis: 3.5 μm; short axis: 2 μm) exhibits a high specific surface area (381.96 m²/g) and mesopores (6.69 nm diameter), as verified by SEM/XRD/FT-IR/BET/XPS. The coexisting Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ and Cu²⁺ sites enable synergistic catalysis, achieving 68.2 ± 2.1 % doxorubicin (DOX) loading with pH-responsive release in tumor-mimetic acidosis (pH 5.4; 78 % cumulative release at 72 h, 7.8 × higher than neutral pH). In vitro studies confirm dual functions: efficient glutathione depletion (60 % absorbance reduction at pH 6.2, 300 μg/mL MOF) and enhanced hydroxyl radical generation via Fenton/Fenton-like reactions (40 × TMB absorbance increase). Cell assays demonstrate low cytotoxicity to normal 293T cells within 48 h (&gt;80 % viability at 25 μg/mL) versus potent synergistic efficacy against HeLa cells under simulated tumor microenvironment (100 μM H₂O₂), where chemo-CDT reduces viability to 35 % (31.4–37.5 % improvement over monotherapies). This work establishes a self-driven platform for tumor-targeted synergistic therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 108017"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}