Journal of Dental Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Performance of artificial intelligence chatbots in National dental licensing examination","authors":"Chad Chan-Chia Lin ,&nbsp;Jui-Sheng Sun ,&nbsp;Chin-Hao Chang ,&nbsp;Yu-Han Chang ,&nbsp;Jenny Zwei-Chieng Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.jds.2025.05.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jds.2025.05.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/purpose</h3><div>The Taiwan dental board exams comprehensively assess dental candidates across twenty distinct subjects, spanning foundational knowledge to clinical fields, using multiple-choice single-answer exams with a minimum passing score of 60 %. This study assesses the performance of artificial intelligence (AI)-powered chatbots (specifically ChatGPT3.5, Gemini, and Claude2), categorized as Large Language Models (LLMs), on these exams from 2021 to 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A total of 2699 multiple-choice questions spanning eight subjects in basic dentistry and twelve in clinical dentistry were analyzed. Questions involving images and tables were excluded. Statistical analyses were conducted using McNemar's test. Furthermore, annual results of LLMs were compared with the qualification rates of human candidates to provide additional context.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Claude2 demonstrated the highest overall accuracy (54.89 %) on the Taiwan national dental licensing examinations, outperforming ChatGPT3.5 (49.33 %) and Gemini (44.63 %), with statistically significant differences in performance across models. In the basic dentistry domain, Claude2 scored 59.73 %, followed by ChatGPT3.5 (54.87 %) and Gemini (47.35 %). Notably, Claude2 excelled in biochemistry (73.81 %) and oral microbiology (88.89 %), while ChatGPT3.5 also performed strongly in oral microbiology (80.56 %). In the clinical dentistry domain, Claude2 led with a score of 52.45 %, surpassing ChatGPT3.5 (46.54 %) and Gemini (43.26 %), and showed strong results in dental public health (65.81 %). Despite these achievements, none of the LLMs attained passing scores overall.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>None of the models achieved passing scores, highlighting their strengths in foundational knowledge but limitations in clinical reasoning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"20 4","pages":"Pages 2307-2314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145020634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robot-assisted versus dynamic navigation in endodontic microsurgery: Strengths, weaknesses and future directions","authors":"He Liu,&nbsp;Ya Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.jds.2025.05.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jds.2025.05.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"20 4","pages":"Pages 2569-2570"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145020041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anemia, hematinic deficiencies, hyperhomocysteinemia, and gastric parietal cell antibody positivity in oral lichen planus patients with or without microcytosis","authors":"Yi-Pang Lee ,&nbsp;Ying-Tai Jin ,&nbsp;Julia Yu-Fong Chang ,&nbsp;Yi-Ping Wang ,&nbsp;Andy Sun ,&nbsp;Chun-Pin Chiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jds.2025.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jds.2025.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/purpose</h3><div>Microcytosis is defined as having mean corpuscular volume (MCV) &lt; 80 fL. This study evaluated whether 78 oral lichen planus (OLP) patients with microcytosis (microcytosis/OLP patients) and 510 OLP patients without microcytosis (non-microcytosis/OLP patients) had higher frequencies of anemia, hematinic deficiencies, hyperhomocysteinemia, and serum gastric parietal cell antibody (GPCA) positivity than 588 healthy control subjects.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Complete blood count and serum iron, vitamin B12, folic acid, homocysteine, and GPCA levels in 78 microcytosis/OLP patients, 510 non-microcytosis/OLP patients, and 588 healthy control subjects were measured and compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found that 71.8 %, 46.2 %, 10.3 %, 0.0 %, 18.0 %, and 20.5 % of 78 microcytosis/OLP patients and 18.0 %, 12.4 %, 10.2 %, 1.4 %, 21.6 %, and 24.1 % of 510 non-microcytosis/OLP patients had blood hemoglobin, serum iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid deficiencies, hyperhomocysteinemia, and serum GPCA positivity, respectively. Both 78 microcytosis/OLP patients and 510 non-microcytosis/OLP patients had significantly higher frequencies of blood hemoglobin, serum iron and vitamin B12 deficiencies, hyperhomocysteinemia, and serum GPCA positivity than 588 healthy control subjects (all <em>P</em>-values &lt;0.001). Moreover, 78 microcytosis/OLP patients had significantly higher frequencies of blood hemoglobin and serum iron deficiencies than 510 non-microcytosis/OLP patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We conclude that our 78 microcytosis/OLP patients and 510 non-microcytosis/OLP patients have significantly higher frequencies of anemia, serum iron and vitamin B12 deficiencies, hyperhomocysteinemia, and serum GPCA positivity than 588 healthy control subjects. Moreover, 78 microcytosis/OLP patients also have significantly higher frequencies of blood hemoglobin and serum iron deficiencies than 510 non-microcytosis/OLP patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"20 3","pages":"Pages 1877-1884"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The medical care network for facial and dental traumas of the outlying island students: A case study of Kinmen County Jin-Hu Junior High School","authors":"Feng-Chou Cheng ,&nbsp;Kung-Chieh Wu ,&nbsp;Ming-Chung Lee,&nbsp;Chun-Pin Chiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jds.2025.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jds.2025.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"20 3","pages":"Pages 1947-1949"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification of immediate implant placement (IIP) and immediate implant placement with provisionalization (IIPP) based on the scores of surgical and restorative difficulties","authors":"Chiun-Lin Steven Liu ,&nbsp;Ching-Jung Chang Chien ,&nbsp;Je-Kang Du","doi":"10.1016/j.jds.2025.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jds.2025.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/purpose</h3><div>Immediate implant placement (IIP) and immediate implant placement with provisionalization (IIPP) have gained popularity for reducing treatment time and improving patient outcomes. However, these techniques involve varying levels of surgical and prosthetic complexity. Existing implant classification systems primarily focus on timing and bone healing stages, but they do not fully address the combined surgical and restorative challenges presented by IIP and IIPP cases. The purpose of this article was to provide a classification system for IIP and IIPP based on their surgical and restorative difficulties.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This retrospective clinical study evaluated immediate implant placement (IIP) and immediate implant placement with provisionalization (IIPP) cases performed between January 2009 and February 2024. All patients provided informed consent for their treatment data to be used for research purposes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results of this retrospective study validate the classification system's ability to predict treatment complexity and outcomes. Cases classified as high difficulty in both surgical and restorative parameters showed lower survival rates (91.2 %), higher complication rates (35.3 %), and lower patient satisfaction scores compared to low and moderate difficulty cases.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The classification system proposed in this article, based on surgical and restorative difficulty, provides a structured approach to case selection, allowing clinicians to manage risks effectively and improve treatment outcomes. This classification system serves as a valuable tool for clinical decision-making, treatment planning, and managing patient expectations in immediate implant placement and provisionalization procedures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"20 3","pages":"Pages 1843-1852"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2-O-methylmagnolol mitigates the generation of reactive oxidative stress and inflammaging in human gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts with advanced glycation end products stimulation","authors":"Liang-Gie Huang ,&nbsp;Cheng-Chia Yu ,&nbsp;Jia-You Fang ,&nbsp;Min Yee Ng ,&nbsp;Yi-Wen Liao ,&nbsp;Yu-Chao Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.jds.2025.04.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jds.2025.04.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/purpose</h3><div>Individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) are more susceptible to periodontitis, largely due to the accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), which drive oxidative stress and inflammaging. Inflammaging is a state of chronic low-grade inflammation and accelerated cellular aging that contributes to periodontal degradation, mediated by AGEs-induced cellular senescence and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). 2-O-methylmagnolol (2-MG), a bioactive compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, remains underexplored in DM-associated periodontal degeneration. This study investigated the effects of 2-MG on AGE-induced oxidative stress and inflammaging in human gingival epithelial cells (HGEs) and human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs).</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>The study assessed the effects of 2-MG on AGE-stimulated HGEs and HGFs by evaluating cell proliferation, wound healing capacity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, cellular senescence markers, and the secretion of SASP factors, including interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8. Additionally, Western blot analysis was performed to examine the protein expression of a senescence marker p16.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Treatment with 2-MG at concentrations up to 10 μM did not significantly affect HGEs and HGFs cell proliferation (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). However, 2-MG effectively improved AGEs-induced wound healing impairment and significantly attenuated ROS production in a dose-dependent manner (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, 2-MG reduced cellular senescence and suppressed the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Western blot analysis demonstrated that 2-MG inhibited AGEs-induced p16 expression (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings indicate that 2-MG mitigates AGEs-induced oxidative stress and inflammaging in HGEs and HGFs. These results suggest that 2-MG may have therapeutic potential in preventing or attenuating DM-associated periodontal degeneration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"20 3","pages":"Pages 1853-1860"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dental clinic in a western painting work from an art exhibition in 1940: The story of a Japanese dental teacher, Dr. Isamu Sugiyama","authors":"Ling-Hsia Wang,&nbsp;Hsing-Yin Li,&nbsp;Feng-Chou Cheng,&nbsp;Chun-Pin Chiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jds.2025.05.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jds.2025.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"20 3","pages":"Pages 1944-1946"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for levels of social difficulties and unemployment in head and neck cancer patients by University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UW-QOL): Current status and cut-off point establishment","authors":"Min-Ru Chen ,&nbsp;Yuan-Yuan Fang ,&nbsp;Yen-Ju Chen ,&nbsp;Pei-Jen Lou ,&nbsp;Cheng-Ping Wang ,&nbsp;Jenq-Yuh Ko ,&nbsp;Shu-Ching Chen ,&nbsp;Yun-Hsiang Lee ,&nbsp;Yeur-Hur Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.jds.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jds.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/purpose</h3><div>Social function and employment are vital to the quality of life in head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors. This study aimed to (1) assess the status of social difficulties (including getting along with others, social participation and unemployment); (2) examine their associations with the University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UW-QOL); and (3) establish UW-QOL cut-off points for identifying social difficulties after primary treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>The cross-sectional study was conducted at a medical center in Taiwan, involving HNC survivors under 65 years who completed primary treatments. Data collection included the UW-QOL, the “getting along” and “social participation” subscales of the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0), employment status, and demographic and clinical characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 164 HNC survivors was recruited. Among them, 49.4 % reported difficulty in social participation, 20.7 % had difficulty getting along with others, and 25.6 % were unemployed. UW-QOL scores were highly correlated with the two social function subscales and significantly differed between employed and unemployed individuals. UW-QOL cut-off scores indicating mild to severe difficulty were 75.0, 73.3, and 63.9 for social participation; 63.9, 60.8, and 58.5 for getting along; and 76.8 for unemployment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study showed that social difficulties are a concern for HNC survivors. Importantly, the study provides strong evidence to support that UW-QOL can be used to concurrently assess for QOL and the main social difficulties through the cut-off points in UWQOL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"20 3","pages":"Pages 1869-1876"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the correlation between dental procedures and trigemino-cardiac reflex","authors":"Tsao-Li Chuang ,&nbsp;Yu-Ting Li ,&nbsp;Tai-Wei Feng ,&nbsp;Hao-Hueng Chang ,&nbsp;Chun-Pin Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.jds.2025.04.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jds.2025.04.034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>/purpose: The trigemino-cardiac reflex (TCR) is a brainstem reflex characterized by sudden reductions in heart rate (HR) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) following trigeminal nerve stimulation. Although well-documented in other surgical fields, its role during dental procedures remains unclear. This study examined the association between routine dental interventions and TCR using an experimental animal model.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This study presented a comprehensive analysis of physiological monitoring data obtained during a series of animal experimental surgeries conducted by our research team between 2016 and 2023. Changes in HR and MABP during routine dental procedures were evaluated using two male Beagle dogs and six Lee-Sung miniature swine.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant changes in HR or MABP were observed during the scaling procedures. In contrast, root canal treatments showed the highest TCR incidence, with simultaneous HR and MABP decreases exceeding 15 % in 9.6 % of cases and 20 % in 5.6 % of cases. Tooth extraction triggered TCR in 2.7 % of 36 cases, while implant placement did not result in simultaneous HR and MABP reductions, but notable HR fluctuations were observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study indicates that discomfort experienced during dental scaling is unlikely to induce TCR, whereas root canal treatment, involving both physical and chemical stimulation, appears more likely to trigger its occurrence. Tooth extraction may similarly provoke TCR through mechanical stimulation. Although implant placement does not result in a simultaneous reduction in HR and MABP exceeding 15 % in this study, significant HR fluctuations greater than 20 % were observed, potentially representing early signs of TCR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"20 3","pages":"Pages 1810-1815"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconstruction of the mandibular condyle using liquid nitrogen–treated autograft in a case of fibrous dysplasia","authors":"Po-Yan Lo,&nbsp;Chan-Yen Kuo,&nbsp;Yi-Pang Lee,&nbsp;Po Chih Hsu","doi":"10.1016/j.jds.2025.04.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jds.2025.04.030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"20 3","pages":"Pages 1953-1954"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}