Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Unveiling the mysteries: neuroprotective potential of <i>Mucuna monosperma</i> seeds in combating haloperidol induced Parkinsonism.","authors":"Prabha Bhong, Suvarna Ingale, Pallavi Jadhav","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2026-0188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2026-0188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor dysfunction and loss of dopaminergic neurons. Oxidative stress, defined as detrimental imbalance between free radicals and body's defense mechanism, is a critical contributing factor. This study evaluated the neuroprotective and antioxidant properties of methanolic extract of <i>Mucuna monosperma</i> seeds (MMMS) in haloperidol induced rat model of PD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PD was induced in rats by intraperitoneal administration of haloperidol (HPD, D₂ blocker) at 1 mg/kg for 21 days. MMMS was administered orally at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg. Motor abilities were assessed using the catalepsy bar test, actophotometer test, and rotarod test. Biochemical assessments measured markers of oxidative stress, and brain dopamine levels. Histopathological analysis was used to evaluate neuronal integrity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Motor abilities were tested weekly for 21 days, followed by biochemical and histological analysis. HPD caused motor deficits, raised oxidative stress, and lowered dopamine. MMMS (400 mg/kg) improved motor function by decreasing catalepsy, increasing locomotion, and prolonging rotarod time (p < 0.0001). It also reduced oxidative stress, nearly normalized dopamine. Also, the levels of endogenous antioxidants like glutathione (GSH), super oxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) are also boosted and reduction of malonaldehyde (MDA), indicator of lipid peroxidation which may help in prevention of degradation of dopaminergic neurons. Histology showed better neuron preservation in MMMS rats.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study found MMMS is neuroprotective in HPD-induced PD. Its effects likely stem from antioxidant properties, and dopamine restoration. MMMS may merit further research for PD management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standardized black <i>Allium chinense</i> G.Don and <i>Sonneratia apetala</i> Banks polysaccharide as a natural health product strategy for pain, fever, and inflammation.","authors":"Thi Phuong Nhung Tran, Huyen Trang Luu, Hong Quan Bui, Thi Phung Nghi Dang, Thi Bao Ngoc Van","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2026-0142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2026-0142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate a standardized humid-heat-aged black <i>Allium chinense</i> G.Don extract and <i>Sonneratia apetala</i> Banks polysaccharide as a preclinical natural health product strategy for pain, fever, and inflammation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>AC-70E was standardized by HPLC-DAD, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF)/S-allyl cysteine (SAC) marker control, and LC-MS profiling. SA-PS was quality-controlled for purity, endotoxin, monosaccharide profile, and molecular weight. Efficacy and interaction were assessed in murine nociception, pyrexia, and edema models using fixed-ratio Chou-Talalay analysis and inflammatory biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The combination showed synergy mainly in inflammation-dominant endpoints, including formalin phase II and carrageenan edema AUC, with CI values of 0.60-0.78 and DRI values of 1.30-2.10 at Fa=0.50-0.75. Responses were accompanied by lower IL-6/PGE₂ and MPO/COX-2-linked readouts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings support a processing-informed natural health product framework with preclinical dose-sparing relevance for inflammation-dominant pain, fever, and edema, warranting further validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149127729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gentisic acid attenuates high fat and high fructose diet-induced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease through modulation of metabolic and hepatic alterations in Wistar rats.","authors":"Deepti Dinesh Bandawane, Sakshi Sachin Katke, Ketaki Hemant Joshi","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2026-0281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2026-0281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>'Gentisic acid is a phenolic compound that contains anti-inflammatory and antioxidant characteristics and could help prevent oxidative stress and damage to the liver caused by MASLD. Gentisic acid's medicinal potential is poorly investigated and not widely studied.'</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>'To evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of gentisic acid in rats fed high fat and high fructose (HFHFr) diet, physical, biochemical and histopathological parameters were studied in experimental rats.'</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>'Male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups: Normal Control (NC), Disease Control (DC; HFHFr diet), Standard (pioglitazone, 3 mg/kg, p.o.), GA I (40 mg/kg, p.o.), and GA II (80 mg/kg, p.o.). Treatments were administered during the final 14 days of the study. At the end, blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis, while visceral fat and liver tissues were excised for histopathological evaluation.'</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GA significantly improved metabolic and liver abnormalities in HFHFr diet-induced MASLD rats. It reduced weight gain, liver weight, visceral fat, blood glucose, lipidic markers, liver enzymes and inflammatory markers; increasing the HDL levels. Histopathological study also revealed decreased steatosis, inflammation, lipid, and hepatocellular damage and restored the normal liver architecture demonstrating a dose-dependent response. Results confirm that GA has hepatoprotective and antihyperlipidemic effects in the treatment of MASLD, which are supported by scientific evidence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>GA II at dose of 80 mg/kg revealed strong hepatoprotective action against HFHFr diet induced MASLD in rats by improving biochemical and histopathological parameters. The results show some good preclinical support for use in the treatment of MASLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149136426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chlorogenic acid ameliorates memory dysfunction through reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the hippocampus of diabetic rat model.","authors":"Dwi Cahyani Ratna Sari, Junaedy Yunus, Ari Susilowati, Fauziyatul Munawaroh, Yeshua Putra Krisnugraha, Marcelo, Qintaro Makitsuna, Rafi Irsyad Fakhreza, Wiwit Ananda Wahyu Setyaningsih, Nur Arfian","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2026-0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2026-0046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterised by extended inflammation and oxidative stress, leading to hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and memory dysfunction. Antioxidant and neuroprotective effects have been identified in chlorogenic acid (CGA). However, its function in hippocampal pathology under diabetic conditions remains unclear. This study was conducted to examine the function of CGA in attenuating memory dysfunction and its possible mechanisms in hyperglycaemic rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male Wistar rats were injected with a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and divided into two groups: DM1.5, observed for 1.5 months, and DM2, observed for 2 months. The rats were injected with different doses of CGA into the abdominal cavity. The injections were administered from 1.5 to 2 months at doses of 12.5 mg/kg (CGA1), 25 mg/kg (CGA2), and 50 mg/kg (CGA3). The study also included a control group. Memory function was assessed using the Morris water maze (MWM) before termination. Blood samples and hippocampal tissues were collected for RNA extraction and histopathological analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The DM1.5 and DM2 groups exhibited longer acquisition path lengths and ELT in the MWM test. These outcomes were associated with increased mRNA expression of TNF-α, NFκB, p53, and Bax, and decreased mRNA expression of SOD2 and Bcl-2 compared with the control group. The CGA1 group illustrated improved memory performance, lower TNF-α, NFκB, p53, and Bax expression, and higher SOD2 expression than the DM2 group. Immunostaining also demonstrated increased p53 expression in the CA3 region of the hippocampus in the DM groups, indicating neuronal apoptosis, whereas CGA treatment reduced this signal.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CGA improves memory dysfunction by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal cell death in the hippocampus of diabetic rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149110500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of hepatoprotective effect of <i>Acacia catechu</i> stem bark extract on high fat and high fructose diet induced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in experimental animals.","authors":"Dinesh Chandrakant Vhanale, Deepti Dinesh Bandawane, Pratiksha Kantilal Hajare","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2026-0258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2026-0258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study evaluated the hepatoprotective effect of an ethanolic extract of <i>A. catechu</i> stem bark (ACSB) in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) induced by a high-fat and high-fructose (HFHFr) diet.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The HFHFr model was developed over 10 weeks. After six weeks of induction, ACSB was administered orally at 100 and 200 mg/kg for four weeks, while the standard group received pioglitazone (3 mg/kg). Biochemical, lipid, inflammatory, and histopathological parameters were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HFHFr administration produced significant alterations in lipid, biochemical, inflammatory, and liver function parameters, along with histopathological changes. ACSB treatment improved these alterations in a dose-dependent manner, with 200 mg/kg showing effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ACSB demonstrated hepatoprotective and antihyperlipidemic effects against HFHFr-induced MASLD, potentially associated with its flavonoid and polyphenolic constituents.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149069651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extract of <i>Cissus sicyoides</i> L. modulates metabolic biomarkers in an intergenerational obesity model.","authors":"Andre Cantarelli Vilela, João Vitor Alves Damacena, Gabriel Stefanini, Vanessa Tizzo Teixeira, Paula Becker Pertuzatti Konda, Kleber Eduardo de Campos","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2026-0131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2026-0131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate its metabolic effects of <i>Cissus sicyoides</i> L. aqueous extract treatment in Wistar rats subjected to an intergenerational obesity model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male offspring (F1 generation) of female rats with monosodium glutamate-induced obesity (F0 generation) were classified as non-obese and obese in adulthood based on the Lee index, and were treated with an aqueous extract of <i>C. sicyoides</i> (8.91 mg/kg) for 28 days. Phenolic compounds in the extract were identified by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn. Metabolic parameters, including body mass, food and water intake, biochemical markers, and renal function, were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment with <i>C. sicyoides</i> extract reduced glycemia and non-HDL cholesterol levels in obese rats. Additionally, decreases in body mass, Lee index, and relative liver weight were observed. A total of 11 phenolic compounds were identified, including flavonoids and phenolic acids.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The extract of <i>C. sicyoides</i> in an intergenerational obesity rat model showed reductions in glycemia, non-HDL cholesterol, and body weight, as well as modulation of hepatic parameters, suggesting its use as an adjuvant strategy in metabolic disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149069619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the <i>in vivo</i> acute toxicity and antimelanoma effects of total leaf extract from <i>Annona muricata</i> Linn.","authors":"Huynh Thao Vy Nguyen, Manh Hung Tran, Hoai Nam Nguyen, Bao Han Nguyen, Vy Kha Lam, Hoang Phu Dang, Ngoc Trinh Huynh","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2026-0053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2026-0053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer associated with high mortality. This study evaluated the safety and antitumor efficacy of <i>Annona muricata</i> Linn leaf extract (AME) in a melanoma model in Swiss <i>albino</i> mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Acute toxicity of AME was assessed in healthy mice. Melanoma was induced by subcutaneous implantation of B16-F10 cells into immunocompetent or cyclophosphamide-immunosuppressed mice. Animals received oral AME (200 mg/kg), topical AME (20 mg/mL), or a combination regimen (100 mg/kg orally + 10 mg/mL topically). Tumor progression was monitored weekly and histological analysis was performed at study completion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The estimated LD₅₀ of AME was 2,180.28 ± 84.76 mg/kg. B16-F10 tumor growth was detectable from Day 1 in immunodeficient mice and peaked at Week 3. Compared with the untreated group, AME treatment reduced tumor burden and delayed progression, with the combination regimen showing the most pronounced effect (p<0.01). However, histopathological analysis revealed persistent vascular invasion and subcutaneous infiltration, indicating incomplete suppression of tumor invasiveness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AME demonstrated antitumor activity in this melanoma model, particularly with combined oral and topical administration. However, only a limited number of predefined dose levels were evaluated, precluding assessment of dose-response relationships and therapeutic index. These findings should be considered preliminary, and further studies are required to optimize dosing strategies and elucidate underlying mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149136618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of <i>Maranta arundinacea</i> L. ethanolic extract against chronic inflammation in CFA-induced arthritis rats.","authors":"Nishaa Surendran, Geethadevi Chandrasekaran, Edwin Ezra Paul Gudiyan, Chella Perumal Palanisamy, Gopalakrishnan Velliyur Kanniappan","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2026-0066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2026-0066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The current study was designed to evaluate the effects of the ethanolic extract of <i>Maranta arundinacea</i> L. (EEMA) on chronic inflammation in a Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) -induced arthritic animal model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The <i>in vitro</i> anti-arthritic activity of EEMA was assessed using the proteinase-inhibitory assay. About 0.05 mL of Complete Freund's adjuvant was injected intraplanar into the left hind paw on day 1 of the experiment to induce arthritis. Over 21 days, rats were pre-treated with either 7.5 mg/kg of diclofenac sodium or 200 mg/kg of body weight. EEMA was administered orally and was followed by measurements of body weight and paw volumes at weekly intervals on days 7, 14, and 21. On the 21st day, blood samples were drawn for analysis of haematological parameters, and the separated serum was used to determine hepatic marker enzymes and enzymatic antioxidants. Paw tissues, separated post-euthanasia, were analysed histopathologically, and semi-quantitative analysis of COX-2 expression was performed using conventional RT-PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Administration of EEMA significantly reduced paw volume and increased body weight. Biochemical analyses showed significant modulation of hepatic marker enzymes, enzymatic antioxidants, and haematological parameters. Furthermore, semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed a reduction in COX-2 expression in EEMA-treated groups compared with arthritic control groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings demonstrate that EEMA exhibited anti-arthritic activity by attenuating inflammation, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic candidate for managing arthritis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vitro, in vivo</i>, and computational evaluation of xanthine oxidase inhibitory and antihyperuricemic activities of <i>Piper betle</i> L. ethyl acetate fraction.","authors":"Bui Thi Hao, Phan Hong Minh, Nguyen Thi Anh Hong, Hoang Nam Nhat, Nguyen Minh Khoi, Bui Thanh Tung","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2026-0062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2026-0062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Gout is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperuricemia and urate crystal deposition. This study evaluated the xanthine oxidase inhibitory, antihyperuricemic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and <i>in silico</i> target-binding properties of an EtOAc fraction of <i>Piper betle</i> L. aerial parts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>P. betle</i> aerial parts were extracted with ethanol and partitioned to obtain an EtOAc fraction. Xanthine oxidase inhibition was evaluated spectrophotometrically, and antihyperuricemic activity was examined in potassium oxonate-treated mice given the fraction (200 or 600 mg/kg). Carrageenan-induced paw edema and acetic acid-induced writhing were used to assess anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Hydroxychavicol was docked with xanthine oxidase, cyclooxygenase-2, and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1, followed by molecular dynamics simulations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ethyl acetate fraction inhibited xanthine oxidase with an IC₅₀ of 4.28 ± 0.15 μg/mL, whereas allopurinol showed an IC₅₀ of 1.06 ± 0.07 μg/mL. In hyperuricemic mice, serum uric acid showed a decreasing trend, and urinary uric acid was significantly reduced at 600 mg/kg. Paw edema was reduced at 600 mg/kg, whereas writhing responses were not significantly inhibited. Docking predicted favorable hydroxychavicol binding to the three targets, but molecular dynamics indicated weaker ligand retention in the xanthine oxidase complex than in the cyclooxygenase-2 and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 complexes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The ethyl acetate fraction of <i>P. betle</i> demonstrated preclinical xanthine oxidase inhibitory, urate-lowering, and anti-inflammatory potential. Stronger chemical standardization and mechanistic validation are required before therapeutic relevance can be inferred.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating <i>Cannabis sativa</i>-induced liver toxicity in male Wistar rats: protective role of vitamin C.","authors":"Amuda Oluwasola","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2026-0086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2026-0086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigated the effects of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> (CS) on hepatotoxicity as well as the protective effects of Vit C against cannabis-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Different doses (2, 4, and 6 mg) of CS and Vit C (4 mg) were administered orally, both individually and in combination, for a period of three weeks. All animals had unrestricted access to feed and water and were sacrificed at the end of the treatment period. Liver function biomarkers were evaluated using standard analytical methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Administration of CS at doses of 2, 4, and 6 mg/kg significantly (p<0.05) increased the levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), bilirubin, and creatinine, while significantly (p<0.05) decreasing albumin and induced protein (IP), compared to the control group. The effects were more pronounced at the 6 mg/kg dose relative to the lower doses. However, co-administration with Vit C significantly attenuated these alterations at the lower doses (2 and 4 mg/kg) of CS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that CS induces alterations in liver function biomarkers indicative of hepatotoxicity, while Vit C exhibits a protective effect at lower exposure levels. Further studies are warranted to determine whether higher doses of Vit C can effectively mitigate liver damage associated with higher doses of CS.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148969293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}