Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine最新文献

{"title":"<i>Alstonia boonei</i> stem bark aqueous extract ameliorates elevated parasitemia levels, normalises blood glucose, modulates inflammatory biomarkers and enhances antioxidant status in <i>Plasmodium berghei-infected</i>/diabetic mice.","authors":"Odunayo Michael Agunloye, Opeyemi Francis Akintoye, Ganiyu Oboh","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2025-0256","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jcim-2025-0256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Malaria and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often coexist in sub-Saharan Africa, worsening disease burden and complicating treatment. This study evaluated the protective effects of <i>Alstonia boonei</i> stem bark aqueous extract on <i>Plasmodium berghei</i>-infected diabetic mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male mice were divided into five groups: normal control, untreated infected/diabetic, chloroquine-metformin treated, and extract-treated groups (40 and 80 mg/kg body weight). Fasting blood glucose, parasitemia, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, antioxidant enzymes, inflammatory markers, and hematological indices were assessed following treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Untreated infected/diabetic mice exhibited significant hyperglycemia, elevated parasitemia, oxidative stress, anemia, and dysregulated inflammatory responses compared with controls. Administration of <i>A. boonei</i> extract produced a dose-dependent reduction in fasting blood glucose and parasitemia, alongside inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. The extract enhanced antioxidant status (SOD, catalase, GSH), restored red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and packed cell volume, reduced C-reactive protein levels, and elevated interleukin-10. These effects were more pronounced at 80 mg/kg and comparable to the standard drug group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong><i>A. boonei</i> stem bark aqueous extract demonstrated antihyperglycemic, antiplasmodial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects in malaria-diabetes comorbidity. The findings support its potential as a natural therapeutic agent for managing malaria and diabetes co-occurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory and toxicity assessments of an herbal formulation using <i>in vitro</i>, <i>ex vivo</i>, and <i>in vivo</i> approaches.","authors":"Akingbolabo Daniel Ogunlakin, Oluwasanumi Fiyinfoluwa Adekunle, Mathew O Ayoola, Kanadi S Ayuba, Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo, Amel Elbasyouni, Akinbobola Peace Otitoju, Adeyemi Abdullahi Adegoke, Oyindamola Esther Awosola, Victor Ayoola Oye, Edema Adegboyega Adeleye, Mojisola Adebimpe Ayomipo, Enitan Omobolanle Adesanya, Mubo Adeola Sonibare","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2025-0150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2025-0150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to assess the nutritional composition, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and toxicity properties of an herbal formulation (BF 2).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The proximate analysis of the BF 2 formulation was evaluated. The methanol extract of the BF 2 herbal formulation's potential to reduce ferric ions and function as an iron chelator was evaluated. Oxidative pancreatic injury, induced by FeSO_4, was also treated with different concentrations of the BF 2 herbal formulation using Wistar rats' pancreas via <i>ex vivo</i> method. The inhibitory effect of the methanol extract on α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes was measured using metformin as a standard. The effect of BF 2 formulation at 25 and 50 mg/kg was evaluated in male rabbits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proximate analysis result of the BF 2 formulation estimated the contents of crude fat and crude protein to be 1.85 % and 26.25 %, respectively. Atomic absorption spectroscopy of the BF 2 formulation revealed the presence of magnesium (11.625 ppm) and sodium (4.879 ppm). BF 2 formulation had a better NO and DPPH radicals scavenging ability compared to the standard (Quercetin). The methanol extract showed a dose-dependent inhibitory activity on α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. 25 mg/kg of BF 2 formulation resulted in a significant (p<0.05) increase in serum testosterone level and a decrease in FSH levels. 25 and 50 mg/kg b.w. of BF 2 formulation reduced serum ALT and AST in rabbits. Furthermore, BF 2 formulation exerted α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory potential, coupled with its significant antioxidant activity; a more thorough examination of BF 2's toxicity profile is necessary in rabbits.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BF 2 formulation exerted α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory potential, coupled with its significant antioxidant activity. Therefore, further studies should be conducted on the BF 2 herbal formulation to evaluate its efficacy in higher animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the therapeutic potential of medical leech and leech saliva extract in flap survival: an <i>in vivo</i> study using rats.","authors":"Kübranur Ünal, Mehmet Emre Erol, Duygu Dayanır, Erkan Deniz, Hüseyin Ayhan, Kemal Fındıkçıoğlu","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2025-0202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2025-0202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Medicinal leeches have long been recognized for the bioactive compounds present in their saliva. These compounds have been of interest due to their potential therapeutic properties. This research aimed to explore the impact of both medicinal leech application and the application of medicinal leech saliva extract on wound healing in a rat model with a dorsal random flap <i>in vivo.</i></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this <i>in vivo</i> study, a dorsal random skin flap model was created in female Wistar albino rats. Rats were randomly assigned to three groups: control (flap only), medicinal leech therapy (MLT), and leech saliva extract (LSE) injection. Histological, immunohistochemical (VEGF), and ELISA-based biochemical analyses were performed to assess wound healing parameters on postoperative day 7.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The flap necrosis area (%) in Group II and Group III was significantly lower than the control group (p<0.05). Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) (+) cell (%), neovascularisation, epithelial regeneration, and granulation tissue thickness in Group II and Group III were significantly higher than the control group (p<0.05). Also, inflammatory cells in group III were substantially lower than in the control group (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To our knowledge, this study is the first in the literature to examine the effect of medicinal leech extract injection in the flap model. These findings emphasize the potential therapeutic benefits of medicinal leeches and their saliva extract in promoting efficient wound healing, with implications for future clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of licorice supplementation on cardiac biomarkers and histomorphological changes in rats.","authors":"Liu Yuzhu, Rosfayati Othman, Muhd Fakh Rur Razi Md Salleh, Sudha Arumugam, Lee Siew Keah, Jin Han Chin","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2025-0027","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jcim-2025-0027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of oral licorice supplementation on cardiotoxic biomarkers and histological changes in cardiac tissue in rats, given the widespread use of licorice (<i>Glycyrrhiza glabra</i>) for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties and the concerns about its cardiotoxic effects at higher doses or with short-term repeated use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups (n=6 per group). Groups received either distilled water or licorice extract at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day for 14 days. Cardiac tissue was analyzed via H&E staining, and blood samples were assessed for Troponin-T and Pro-BNP levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant changes were observed in Troponin-T and Pro-BNP levels across all groups (p>0.05). Histological analysis revealed mild changes in the cardiac tissues of rats treated with licorice, indicating subtle histomorphological alterations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Licorice supplementation at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day did not significantly impact the levels of cardiotoxic biomarkers but mild histomorphological changes were observed in the cardiac tissues of rats. These findings suggest that while licorice is generally safe at these doses, its long-term use at high doses should be approached with caution.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network pharmacology based investigation of the multi target mechanisms of <i>Murraya koenigii</i> (curry leaves) in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).","authors":"Harsh Kashyap, Jyoti Kumari, Manisha Khatri","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2025-0146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2025-0146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a multifactorial chronic liver disease with limited treatment options. <i>Murraya koenigii</i> has reported hepato-protective effects against NASH in humans, but the bioactive compounds and mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we explored the bioactive compounds of <i>M. koenigii</i> and their potential mechanisms for combating NASH using network pharmacology and molecular docking approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using online platforms such as IMPPAT, GeneCards, KEGG, and DisGeNET, we identified the phytochemicals, target proteins, and genes associated with NASH. Through Venn diagram analysis, we determined 31 common targets between the bioactive compounds and NASH-related genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses further revealed the key targets and underlying mechanisms. Molecular docking validated the binding interactions between the identified phytochemicals and core target proteins.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine key targets (NFKB, HSP90, TLR4, ESR1, STAT3, MTOR, HIF1A, PI3KA, and PKCD) were identified that interacts with 16 selected phytochemicals. Molecular docking studies indicated phytochemicals, Osthole and Spathulenol to be the promising binders to the core targets especially NF-kB and STAT3. The results represented the muti-target, multi-compound and multi-pathway mechanisms of <i>M. koenigii</i> against NASH.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides the evidence for further research into the mechanisms of <i>M. koenigii</i> bioactive compounds as complementary therapies for NASH. Our study also identifies the novel drug candidates based on <i>M. koenigii</i> active compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144956423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of minas frescal cheese enriched with <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> La-05 on bone health in a preclinical model of chronic kidney disease.","authors":"Manuela Fernandes da Silva Melo, Jéssica da Costa Mota, Joana Ramos de Araujo, Patricia Pereira Almeida, Beatriz Oliveira Da Cruz, Michele Lima Brito, Renato de Souza Abboud, Eduardo Moreira da Silva, Ramon Silva Rocha, Adriano Gomes da Cruz, Jonas de Toledo Guimarães, Nathalia da Silva-Costa, Milena Barcza Stockler-Pinto","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2025-0103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2025-0103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Milk products are good vehicles for probiotics due to their physical-chemical characteristics, improving probiotic survival in food and in the gastrointestinal tract. <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> La-05 is known to modulate gut microbiota, and probiotics have been reported to influence mineral absorption by improving the gut microbiota profile, highlighting the gut-bone axis. This intervention could be relevant in nephrology due to the high prevalence of renal osteodystrophy in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Given the potential role of gut microbiota in bone metabolism, this is the first study to evaluate the effects of consuming Minas Frescal cheese enriched with <i>L. acidophilus</i> La-05 on bone parameters in nephrectomized <i>Wistar</i> rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Rats were divided into Sham and CKD groups receiving conventional or probiotic-enriched Minas cheese (20 g/day) for 6 weeks. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the femur and tibia was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and femoral biomechanical properties (maximum force, breaking strength, flexural modulus) were assessed using a three-point bending test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CKD significantly reduced tibial (0.08 ± 0.01 vs. 0.11 ± 0.01 g/cm³, p=0.0147) and femoral (0.14 ± 0.01 vs. 0.16 ± 0.01 g/cm³, p=0.0217) BMD in rats, and probiotic supplementation did not mitigate this loss. Probiotic intervention was associated with a significant decrease in femur length in CKD rats (3.74 ± 0.14 vs. 3.92 ± 0.10 mm, p=0.0221).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Short-term probiotic supplementation in a cheese matrix did not improve BMD or femoral biomechanics, suggesting a limited effect on CKD-related bone loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144956401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teratogenic effect of unregistered traditional Chinese medicine containing <i>Atractylodis lancea radix, Glycyrrhiza glabra radix, Rheum officinale rhizome, and Angelica dahurica radix</i> on fetal morphology of BALB/c mice.","authors":"Fitri Rachmaini, Almahdy Ahmadin, Rahmad Abdillah, Yasherly Permata Sari","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2025-0073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2025-0073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In Indonesia, several unregistered traditional Chinese medicines (UTCM) are still used to treat gastritis in pregnancy. On the other hand, the safety of medications during pregnancy remains unresolved. This study aims to investigate the teratogenic effect of UTCM containing <i>Atractylodis lancea radix, Glycyrrhizae glabra radix, Rheum officinale rhizome</i>, and <i>Angelica dahurica radix</i> on fetal morphology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 80 pregnant mice were divided into four groups including the negative control (N), given vehicle, as well as treatment groups D1, D2, and D3 given a dose of 35.2 mg/kg BW, 70.5 mg/kg BW and 105.65 mg/kg BW daily respectively. The drugs were administered between the 6th and 15th days of organogenesis. On the 18th day of pregnancy, a laparotomy was conducted. The teratogenic effects were determined by measuring maternal and fetal body weight, the number of fetuses, and skeletal abnormalities in mouse fetuses, visualised with Alizarin solution. All data were analysed using ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that in all treatment groups, there was a substantial difference in maternal body weight, fetal number, and fetal body weight (p<0.05). There were open eyelids and clubfoot abnormalities observed in all groups, while 27 fetuses with haemorrhages were found in D3. All treatment groups had sternal, sacral, caudal, phalanges and metacarpal abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>UTCM administration showed fetal development effects at the early stage of pregnancy in mice. The dose (D3) 105.65 mg/kg BW affected maternal weight gain and fetal skeletal ossification. UTCM administration D1 (35.2 mg/kg BW), D2 0.5 mg/kg BW), and D3 (105.65 mg/kg BW) had no maternal toxicity and fetal teratogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144956479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental evaluation of the Anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic potential of <i>Saccharum officinarum</i> node extract in FCA-induced arthritic models.","authors":"Priyanka Nanasaheb Khamkar, Snehal Ambadas Gojare, Deepti Dinesh Bandawane, Shakuntala Narayan Kawhale","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2025-0178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2025-0178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Saccharum officinarum</i> has been traditionally utilized to treat different types of inflammation in ayurvedic medicine. Scientific investigation into the therapeutic potential of plant nodes remains limited and has not been extensively explored.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the pharmacological efficacy of ethanolic extract of <i>S. officinarum</i> node (EESO) in reducing inflammation and arthritis in experimental models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>EESO was obtained via ethanol extraction and analysed for its phytochemical constituents. Rat paw edema was used to check for anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan induced model, with Methotrexate (1 mg/kg) employed as the conventional reference drug. The EESO node was administered orally to experimental animals at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg. Measurements of paw thickness were taken at 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 h. The anti-arthritic activity was assessed in the rat through induction of arthritis using Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). Parameters assessed included paw edema, motor coordination, nociceptive threshold, and, post-sacrifice, biochemical (CRP, RF, ALP, AST, ALT), haematological (Hb, RBC, WBC, ESR), cytokine (TNF -α, IL -1, IL -6), radiological, and histopathological markers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EESO at 200 mg/kg significantly reduced paw edema by inhibiting inflammatory mediator release and downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) in FCA-induced arthritic rats. Histopathology showed decreased synovial hyperplasia and cartilage erosion due to reduced immune cell infiltration and joint inflammation. These inhibiting inflammatory mediator release, downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, reduced immune cell infiltration and joint inflammation scientifically validate the traditional use of EESO in managing arthritis and inflammation. This data sufficiently support the assertion that EESO can be utilized for the treatment of arthritis and inflammation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EESO at a dose of 200 mg/kg demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity in the study, scientifically validating its traditional use. The findings provide adequate preclinical evidence supporting its potential therapeutic role. These results suggest that EESO could serve as a natural treatment option for managing arthritis and inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144847047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic toxicity and modulatory effects of Deprungsith formulation in Wistar Albino rats.","authors":"Yosita Kasemnitichok, Monthaka Teerachaisakul, Tullayakorn Plengsuriyakarn, Kesara Na-Bangchang","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2025-0057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2025-0057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Psoriasis is a systematic skin disease. Treatment choice is limited due to unsatisfactory clinical efficacy. The study evaluated the safety of Deprungsith formulation following long-term administration (chronic toxicity test) and its potential modulatory effect on hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Wistar rats were randomly grouped to receive Deprungsith (125, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg/day) and the satellite (1,000 mg/kg bw) to observe reversibility, as well as distilled water (untreated control) for 9 months. The sentinel-1 group was for environmental risk assessment after 6 months, and the sentinel-2 group was for environmental risk assessment after 9 months). Clinical and behavioral signs, mortality, and histopathology were monitored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The chronic toxicity study of Deprungsith revealed no evidence of mortality or serious clinical signs at any dosage level. However, changes in WBC count, serum albumin, and sodium, were observed. Histopathological examination identified mild to moderate liver necrosis and renal interstitial inflammation. Low-dose (125 mg/kg bw) significantly induced CYP1A2 and CYP3A1, while high-dose (1,000 mg/kg bw) inhibited CYP1A2 and CYP3A1 activities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Deprungsith formulation was well-tolerated with an MTD (maximum tolerated dose) and NOAEL (no-observed-adverse-effect level) of 1,000 mg/kg bw. Long-term use of Deprungsith formulation in psoriasis patients should be carefully monitored for therapeutic outcomes (side effects from accumulated levels or unsatisfactory efficacy from inadequate CYP1A2 and CYP3A1-mediated metabolism) and potential herb-drug interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144794568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the effectiveness of pterostilbene in improving memory and offering neuroprotection in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease induced by aluminum chloride.","authors":"Ameer Raheem Waheed, Bahir Abdul Razzaq Mshimesh","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2025-0142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2025-0142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease and is the predominant etiology of dementia. We hypothesize that the naturally occurring pterostilbene (PTE) at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg would yield dose-dependent neuroprotective effects, reducing cognitive deficits and pathological hallmarks by modulating biomarkers (Amyloid Beta protein (Aβ), Phosphorylated tau protein (P-tau), Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), acetylcholinesterase (ACHE), glutamate (GLU)) and a novel synaptic marker neurogranin (NRGN) in rats induced by aluminum chloride (AlCl₃). This current research aims to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of pterostilbene (PTE) against neurobehavioral and pathological alterations induced by aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) in rats with Alzheimer's.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>40 rats were divided into five groups, eight in each group. They received 70 mg/kg of body weight AlCl3 intraperitoneally for 30 days, followed by oral administration of PTE at 50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg, or donepezil at 1 mg/kg for 14 days. The Y-maze and novel object recognition tests were used for the neurobehavioral evaluation of the rats. This was followed by a biochemical evaluation using ELISA kits to demonstrate the impact of PTE on the levels of Aβ, P-tau, BDNF, NRGN, AChE, and GLU. Additional validations were conducted through histopathological evaluation of the cortex and basal ganglia in the rat brain. Using GraphPad Prism 10, statistical data were obtained by ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparisons test. The histopathologic score system was determined using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA k-samples (all pairwise) test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PTE at 50 mg/kg significantly increases spontaneous alternation percentage (SAP) by 35.7 % and discrimination index (DI) by 79.7 %, while also considerably lowering Aβ by 70.6 %, P-tau by 33.9 %, BDNF by 59.7 %, NRGN by 40 %, ACHE by 28.8 %, and GLU by 28.4 %. Moreover, PTE at 100 mg/kg significantly increases SAP by 42.9 % and DI by 83.4 %, and substantially decreases Aβ by 83.8 %, P-tau by 45.5 %, BDNF by 69 %, NRGN by 42.5 %, ACHE by 69 %, and GLU by 50.9 % compared to the AlCl3 group. Histopathological evaluation of the cortex and basal ganglia in AlCl3-induced rat brains revealed pathological alterations absent in rats treated with PTE.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study supports the hypothesis that PTE can reverse memory loss and pathological markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}