Journal of Cytology and Histology最新文献

{"title":"The Review of Small Size Silver Nanoparticle Neurotoxicity: A Repeat Study","authors":"P. J. Prakash, Singh Royana, Pani Sankarsan, Shrivastava Rajeev","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000468","url":null,"abstract":"Repeated oral gavages silver nanoparticle colloidal solution ingestion procedures for AgNps neural toxicity have been investigated in Swiss albino mouse fetuses’ brain at the ultra-structural (TEM) level by transmission electron microscopy and Nikon bright field microscopy. Transmission electron microscopy probe identified neural toxicity in the brain of mice fetuses in the form of mitochondrial autophagy, dysmorphology & dysfunction of cellular organelles vacuolization of neuronal cell, blood brain barrier inflammation, astrocytic swelling, Gliosis and a well visualized differentiation to the reaction products. Multiple reaction product localization was visible in the form of smaller size silver nano particles (1 to 20 nm range) percolation and perimembranous multiple patchy condensations focuses appeared from inside and outside of neuronal cell membrane. Histologically cell and tissue dysmorphology was observed in the form of unipolar brush cell and lugaro cells degeneration with dysmorphology of corticomedullary layers of cerebrum, cerebellum and hippocampus. In twice, lower dose (0.5 and 1 mg/kg b.w./ day) and higher dose (10 and 15 mg/kg b.w./day) small size silver nano particles were found adhered both side of cell membrane, mitochondria and endocytotic vesicle. Neural histochemistry of fetal cortex by Golgi staining procedure showed reduction number of dendrite arborisation and unipolar neuron with basket cells degeneration and dysmorphology. But the intensity of such was found almost low or equal to control in lower dose and high in higher dose and concentration. Small size silver nano particles exhibits more neurotoxic effect comparatively to other metal nanoparticles because of easy penetration and disintegrity to BBB.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82066321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathological Approach in Diagnosis of Mycetoma Causative Agents: A Mini Review","authors":"E. Siddig, A. Fahal","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000466","url":null,"abstract":"Mycetoma is a unique neglected tropical disease which distributed worldwide and endemic in tropical and subtropical regions. This disease is caused by a large number of micro-organisms of fungal (eumycetoma) or bacterial (Actinomycitoma) origins. The disease is characterized by a swelling in the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues, with the formation of sinuses tract in some patients with numerous deformities and disabilities. Mycetoma infection affects all ages. The diagnosis of the mycetoma is based on identification of the causative organism and the disease extension which in turn considered as the first steps in the management of the affected patients and eventually predicting disease treatment outcome and prognosis. Different diagnostic tools were developed that aimed to identify the causatives agent. These include direct microscopy, Fine needle aspiration, Imprint cytology, histopathological, culturing techniques and molecular identification. Since histopathology is continues to be a rapid diagnostic tool as well as cost effective means of providing a presumptive or/and in some instances a definitive diagnosis of an invasive mycetoma infection, as well as it able to detect the causative agents invasion of tissues and vessels as well as host tissue reaction to the causative agents, however no way to replace the culture and molecular diagnosis that remain the most powerful tools for the definitive diagnosis of the causative agents. In our clinical setting at Mycetoma Research center the histopathology report, considered as a powerful tool as it include a comment stating the morphological appearance of the causative agents and the type of the host tissue reactions as well as it stated clearly the possible differential diagnosis. In this review we will discuss varies histopathological appearance of mycetoma causative agents as well as the common used histochemical stains that can aid in the diagnosis and the host tissue reaction to varies causative agents.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75045662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter Conversion of Somatic and Cancer Stem Cell: From Discovery to New Paradigm in Cancer Therapy","authors":"Shashank Kumar","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000465","url":null,"abstract":"Organ is composed of special type of tissue and cells. Deficits in functionality and number of particular cells lead to the development of various type of human disease such as diabetes, neurological disease, cardiovascular, hepatic disorder and cancer etc. In the world of chronic disease there is a need of new branch of medicine that might help in the regeneration of tired and failing organ system. Present scientific community is giving emphasis and hope that regeneration of tired and failing organ system which results into various disease and disorders, might be cured/mitigated by special type of cells known as stem cells.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"94 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74111348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Single Session Sclerotherapy with Undiluted Polydocanol,in Complete Elimination of Cutaneous as Well as Mucosal VenousMalformations of the Maxillofacial Region","authors":"P. Jeyaraj","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000464","url":null,"abstract":"Haemangiomas and Vascular malformations of the maxillofacial region are alarming lesions which cause considerable cosmetic deformity and psychological problems. Their surgical excision is difficult and fraught with complications like intraoperative blood loss, incomplete excision, disfigurement and recurrence. Sclerotherapy is the percutaneous or permucosal intralesional endovascular instillation of an irritant agent/sclerosant, which helps to reduce their size and make them more amenable to surgical excision later. This case series demonstrates the efficacy and safety of a single session Sclerotherapy with undiluted Polydocanol in the management of medium sized vascular malformations involving the maxillofacial regions (lip, nose and buccal mucosa), which completely resolved within four weeks of the intralesional injection, without any need for surgical excision. The gratifying results achieved, support the fact that single session sclerotherpy with Polydocanol may be considered as the primary modality in the treatment of these challenging lesions.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"73 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77043394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giant Canine Ovarian Teratoma: Case Report","authors":"Dionney Albuquerque da Costa, M. Silva, Natália Freitas de Souza, W. Pereira, A. M. C. Cardoso","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000463","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of cancers in domestic dogs has increased greatly in recent years, drawing interest from areas such as oncology, clinical and veterinary pathology. Among these tumors, it has been highlighted the ovarian neoplasms such as ovarian teratoma, rare in domestic animals and it is characterized by the composition of multiple tissues foreign to the ovary, such as skin and appendages, bone, fat, nerve, occurring more frequently in young animals. This study aimed to report a case of ovarian teratoma in a German Shepard dog, two years old, which received treatment in the Veterinary Hospital at the Federal Rural University of Amazonia. The animal was euthanized and the complete necropsy examination was performed. The thoracic cavity was inspected and it was evident the presence of serosanguineous fluid aspect. In the abdominal cavity, it was observed a large intra abdominal mass rounded in shape and irregular surface, lobulated, firm consistency with cystic aspect structuresOn histopathological examination of the abdominal mass, it was observed several types of tissues such as adipose tissue, cartilaginous plates and presence of cysts containing keratin material. The results corroborate those reported in the literature studied.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"198 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75592824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opinion on Important Findings for the Diagnosis and Therapy in Clinical Medicine","authors":"F. Werner","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000461","url":null,"abstract":"Basic research and with important findings for the diagnosis and therapy of different diseases seen in clinical medicine, In the research article: Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Induced Acute Renal Injury in Adult Male Albino Rats by Abd Elwahab et al. the authors induced acute renal failure in rats by clamping the renal pedicles for 40 min. T","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"175 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79763953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wade’s Histoid Leprosy Dermatofibroma Like","authors":"Avalos Peralta Patricia, Díaz Beatriz","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000460","url":null,"abstract":"A healthy 52-year-old phototype II woman, farmer, with a 6 months history of asymptomatic slow growing papules and nodules, first at the upper lip, then extended to the forearms, shoulders, legs and back.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"47 13 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73979766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute and Sub-chronic Oral Toxicity Evaluation of Eucalyptus globulusEssential Oil-Water Emulsion in Mice","authors":"Abinet Gebremickael, G. Gebru, A. Debella, G. Addis","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000459","url":null,"abstract":"Background: plants are composed of bioactive chemicals some of which may be toxic. Therefore, scientists advocate for toxicological studies to be carried out in order to ensure the safety of drugs. Accordingly, this study was aimed to assess the possible toxic effects of Eucalyptus glubulus essential oil- water emulsion after oral administration in mice. Methods: The essential oil used in this study was obtained by extraction of the fresh leaves of E. glubulus through hydro-distillation technique. In the acute toxicity study, the mice placed in the seven treatment groups were administered with randomly selected 0.5 ml/kg initial dose up to 3.5 ml/kg body weight spaced by 0.5 ml/kg. The control animals received vehicle. All animals were gavaged the designated dose once and observed for the next two weeks. In the sub-chronic study, a control and two treatment groups, each containing twelve animals were used. Based on the findings of acute toxicity study, the two treatment groups were received 1.5 and 2.0 ml/kg body weight test doses respectively for three months in 24 hours interval. At the end study period, blood samples were taken by cardiac puncture and then, all animals were sacrificed and the vital organs were collected and processed for histopathological examination. Results: In the acute toxicity study, some toxicity signs and deaths of mice were recorded only at doses higher than 2.0 ml/kg body weight. 1 out of 6 mice in a group treated with 3.0 ml/kg and, 4 out of 6 animals in a group treated with 3.5 ml/kg body weight test doses of the emulsion were died following the administration. Therefore, the oral route LD50 of the emulsion falls between 3 ml/kg and 3.5 ml/kg. In the sub-chronic treatment, no death was recorded, and there was no statistically significant (p>0.05) change in the body weight, evaluated hematological and biochemical parameters of blood. However, minor pathological changes like; pyknosis and vacuolations of hepatocytes in some liver sections, and perivascular lymphocytic infiltrations and hyaline casts in renal tubules of some kidney sections, were observed in mice treated with 2.0 ml/kg body weight test dose. Conclusions and recommendations: The emulsion at relatively lower doses does not produce obvious toxic effects after acute and prolonged oral administration in mice. However, further investigation is needed to confirm this.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"117 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89312676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Core Needle Biopsy and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology UsingReturned Cell Block Method is Effective for Diagnosis of Cystic Lesions ofthe Breast","authors":"Taijiro Kosaka, S. Azami, Mizuki Iino, Yuuji Aoki, K. Ogura, T. Kitabatake, K. Kojima, Toshiharu Matsumoto","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000462","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Core needle biopsy (CNB) and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) are useful methods to diagnose cystic lesions of the breast. The first English article describing the returned cell block method (RCBM: cell block from a Papanicolaou staining smear on a glass slide) was reported by us, and we also reported the usefulness of RCBM for the FNAC-based evaluation of tumors of the breast. In the present study, diagnostic procedures of CNB and FNAC using RCBM for cystic lesions of the breast were studied. Methods: Forty-seven patients with cystic lesions of the breast diagnosed by sonographic examination and sonographically-guided FNAC were evaluated. In all cases, the evaluation of FNAC was performed by Papanicolaou staining smears, and RCBM was added in cases that were difficult to evaluate. The data from CNB (26 cases) and surgery (15 cases) were also evaluated. Results: The accuracy of diagnosing carcinoma of FNAC from Papanicolaou staining smear was 56.2%. The diagnostic accuracy increased to 75% on using RCBM, and the same level of accuracy was found on CNB. In 4 cases, a diagnosis of carcinoma was made by CNB only (2 cases) or FNAC using RCBM only (2 cases). Subsequently, the accuracy increased to 87.5% due to the combination of CNB and FNAC using RCBM. Conclusions: Combined CNB and FNAC using RCBM is effective for the diagnosis of cystic lesions of the breast. Based on this new finding, we propose a procedure to diagnose cystic lesions of the breast by CNB and FNAC using RCBM.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"41 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81586473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agmatine Ameliorates Nicotine Induced Lung Injury in Rats through Decrease TGF-ß1 and Bax Immunoexpression and by Anti-oxidative Sress Pathway: Histological, Immunohistochemical and Biochemical Study","authors":"G. M. Attia, M. Nader, R. A. Elmansy, Wael M Elsaed","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000458","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Nicotine (NIC), the chief alkaloid in tobacco, believed to be an active agent responsible for lungassociated diseases. This protocol targeted to analyze the ameliorating effect of agmatine (AG) on NIC induced lung damage. Mateiral and methods: Forty-five adult male rats were divided into: Control group received intraperitoneal (IP) injection of distilled water, 2) NIC group recieved NIC (10 mg/kg/day) IP and 3) (NIC+AG) group treated by AG (10 mg/kg/day) orally+NIC (10 mg/kg/day) by IP injection for 9 weeks. Total serum protein, triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM- 1) were estimated. Lung specimens were prepared and stained with H&E, Masson trichrome and immunehistochemical stains for assessment of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and Bax. Morphometric study followed by statistical analysis were done. Results: NIC group showed elevation in serum levels of total protein, TC, LDL-C, TGs, MDA and VCAM-1 with evident diminishing in the serum levels of HDL-C, SOD, and GSH. Apoptosis and damage of alveolar epithelium and bronchiolar cells, marked fibrosis, inflammatory cell infiltrate and congestion of blood vessels were observed. Marked increase in the mean alveolar wall thickness, mean area% of collagen fibers deposition, mean area% of TGFβ1 immuno-expression and mean number of Bax immune positive cells while a decrease in the mean linear intercept were detected. AG co-administered with nicotine ameliorated these biochemical, histopathological and morphometric changes. Conclusion: AG ameliorates NIC induced lung damage in rats through improving the biochemical parameters and by decreasing TGF-s1 and Bax immunoexpression.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"50 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90838691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}