Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology最新文献_第6页

Pattern vision of the honeybee (Apis mellifera). What is an oriented edge? 蜜蜂(Apis mellifera)的模式视觉。什么是有向边?

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000103

A Horridge

{"title":"Pattern vision of the honeybee (Apis mellifera). What is an oriented edge?","authors":"A Horridge","doi":"10.1007/s003590000103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000103","url":null,"abstract":"Pairs of black patterns on a white background, one rewarded the other not, were presented vertically each in one arm of a Y-maze. During training the locations of the black areas were changed every 5 min to prevent the bees using them as cues, but cues from edges were kept consistent. Bees detect orientation even in a gradient that subtends 36 degrees from black to white (normal to the edge). Orientation cues in short lengths of edge are detected and summed on each side of the fixation point, irrespective of the lay-out of the pattern. Edges at right angles reduce the total orientation cue. The polarity of edges in a sawtooth grating is weakly discriminated, but not the orientation of a fault line where two gratings meet. Edge quality can be discriminated, but is not recognised in unfamiliar orientations. When spot location is excluded as a cue, the orientation of a row of spots or squares which individually provide no net orientation cue is not discriminated. In conclusion, when locations of black areas are shuffled, the bees remember the sum of local orientation cues but not the global pattern, and there is no re-assembly of a pattern based on differently oriented edges. A neuronal model consistent with these results is presented.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 6","pages":"521-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21785866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Responses of olfactory receptor neurons in Utetheisa ornatrix to gender-specific odors. 花楸嗅觉受体神经元对不同性别气味的反应。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000108

A J Grant, R J O'Connell

{"title":"Responses of olfactory receptor neurons in Utetheisa ornatrix to gender-specific odors.","authors":"A J Grant, R J O'Connell","doi":"10.1007/s003590000108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000108","url":null,"abstract":"We recorded the electrophysiological responses of individual olfactory receptor neurons in sensilla trichodea on the antennae of adult arctiid moths, Utetheisa ornatrix, to stimulation with volatiles associated with both sexes. All trichoid sensilla contain at least two receptor neurons, each with distinct action potential amplitudes and waveforms, that respond dichotomously to male and female odors. Although, neither female neuron responds to extracts of coremata or the male-produced pheromone hydroxydanaidal, they do respond in a gender-specific manner to the volatiles emanating from whole pupae, hemolymph, thoracic froth, and adult animals of several ages. Thoracic froth, which contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids, is thought to play a role in defense. Froth from moths reared on diets, with or without added pyrrolizidine alkaloids, were equally effective in eliciting gender-specific patterns of response. Male trichoid receptor neurons respond to these same materials with similar patterns of activation. These receptor neurons provide information about substances, which we have termed \"gender odors,\" that are persistently emitted by nearby animals. These substances do not appear to be the same as those already known to be involved in defense or the sexual dialog between individuals.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 6","pages":"535-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21785767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Comparative thermoregulation of sympatric endothermic and ectothermic cicadas (Homoptera: Cicadidae: Tibicen winnemanna and Tibicen chloromerus). 同温蝉与恒温蝉的比较体温调节。(同翅目:蝉科:雪蝉和绿蝉)

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000110

A F Sanborn

{"title":"Comparative thermoregulation of sympatric endothermic and ectothermic cicadas (Homoptera: Cicadidae: Tibicen winnemanna and Tibicen chloromerus).","authors":"A F Sanborn","doi":"10.1007/s003590000110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000110","url":null,"abstract":"Measurements of body temperature in the field demonstrated that endothermic cicadas regulate body temperature by behavioral mechanisms as well as by endogenous heat production. Regression analysis suggests both endothermic and ectothermic species are thermoregulating. Body temperature of endothermically active cicadas without access to exogenous heat is approximately the same as the body temperature of basking cicadas. Tibicen winnemanna (Davis) raises body temperature in the field with the heat produced in flight or through the activation of the flight musculature without the act of flight. T. chloromerus (Walker) uses solar radiation to elevate body temperature to the level necessary for activity. The thermal responses of each species are related to its activity patterns with minimum flight temperature and shade-seeking temperatures significantly lower in the endothermic T. winnemanna. Heat torpor temperature appears to be related to the environment rather than behavior pattern. Endothermy in cicadas may serve to uncouple reproductive behavior from environmental constraints; to circumvent possible thermoregulatory problems; to permit the utilization of habitats unavailable to strictly ectothermic cicadas; to reduce predation; to optimize broadcast coverage and sound transmission; and to decrease possible acoustic interference.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 6","pages":"551-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21785769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30

The otic gasbladder as an ancillary auditory structure in a mormyrid fish. 鳃囊鱼的辅助听觉结构的胆囊

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000114

H Y Yan, W S Curtsinger

{"title":"The otic gasbladder as an ancillary auditory structure in a mormyrid fish.","authors":"H Y Yan, W S Curtsinger","doi":"10.1007/s003590000114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000114","url":null,"abstract":"Mormyrid fishes use acoustic signals for long-distance communication and a weakly electric field for short-distance interaction. Mormyrids are unique in having an otic gasbladder attached directly to the saccule on each side of the inner ear. Karl von Frisch (1938) hypothesized that the tightly coupled otic gasbladder might aid mormyrid hearing. Using the mormyrid fish (Brienomyrus brachyistius), this study manipulated gas in the otic gasbladder to test this hypothesis and histological sections were made to examine the anatomical relationship between the gasbladder and inner ear. The hearing sensitivity curves (audiograms) were obtained with the auditory brainstem response protocol. Audiograms were obtained from normal fish and from fish in which gas was withdrawn from either one or two otic gasbladders. Removal of gas from one otic gasbladder did not result in a significant change in either hearing ability or acoustically evoked brainwaves as compared to the control fish. Bilateral deflation of the otic gasbladders led to significant threshold changes. Histological sections revealed a particularly close coupling between the otic gasbladder and the saccule chamber. These results support von Frisch's hypothesis that the otic gasbladders of mormyrids assist in underwater sound detection.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 6","pages":"595-602"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21785774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 68

Antennal response of codling moth males, Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), to the geometric isomers of codlemone and codlemone acetate. 雄冷蛾(鳞翅目:蛾科)对苦柠檬酮和醋酸苦柠檬酮几何异构体的触角反应。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000101

A C Bäckman, P Anderson, M Bengtsson, J Löfqvist, C R Unelius, P Witzgall

{"title":"Antennal response of codling moth males, Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), to the geometric isomers of codlemone and codlemone acetate.","authors":"A C Bäckman, P Anderson, M Bengtsson, J Löfqvist, C R Unelius, P Witzgall","doi":"10.1007/s003590000101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000101","url":null,"abstract":"Single sensillum recordings from Cydia pomonella male antennae showed three different types of receptor neurons. The most abundant type was most sensitive to the main pheromone compound (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienol, while its response to the geometric isomers E,Z, Z,E and Z,Z was comparable to a tenfold lower dose of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienol. This neuron type also responded to the four behaviorally antagonistic isomers of (delta,delta)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, among which it was most sensitive to the E,E isomer. Cross-adaptation studies showed that these compounds were all detected by the same receptor neuron type. Receptor neurons specifically tuned to (E,Z) or (Z,Z)-8,10-dodecadienol were not found, although these two compounds are behaviorally active. A second type of receptor neuron responded to all isomers of (delta,delta)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate and was most sensitive to the E,E isomer. This neuron type did not respond to any of the isomers of (delta,delta)-8,10-dodecadienol. A third receptor neuron type was highly sensitive to the plant compound alpha-farnesene. The finding that the receptor neuron type tuned to the main pheromone compound responded even to strong behavioral antagonists aids the interpretation of ongoing behavioral studies for the development of the mating disruption technique in codling moth.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 6","pages":"513-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21785865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 41

Effects of exogenous serotonin on a motor behavior and shelter competition in juvenile lobsters (Homarus americanus). 外源性血清素对美洲小龙虾运动行为和庇护竞争的影响。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000113

H V Peeke, G S Blank, M H Figler, E S Chang

{"title":"Effects of exogenous serotonin on a motor behavior and shelter competition in juvenile lobsters (Homarus americanus).","authors":"H V Peeke, G S Blank, M H Figler, E S Chang","doi":"10.1007/s003590000113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000113","url":null,"abstract":"Three experiments were conducted to determine (1) the pharmacodynamics of 5-hydroxytryptamine in juvenile lobsters; (2) the effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine, using a range of dosages, on a motor behavior used to escape an aversive situation; and (3) the effect of doses that did and did not inhibit this motor behavior on measures of dominance and shelter competition. The fate of 5-hydroxytryptamine in hemolymph over a 60-min post-injection period showed that the concentration fell rapidly to a low plateau that was maintained for at least 1 h. Low doses of 5-hydroxytryptamine did not affect locomotor behavior, but higher doses inhibited it. Dominance and subsequent possession of a shelter were unaffected by a low dose of 5-hydroxytryptamine but a higher dose that inhibited locomotion resulted in lobsters that lost fights and did not secure or retain possession of the shelter. In the context of dominance and shelter competition, we were unable to demonstrate any advantage of the low dose of exogenous 5-hydroxytryptamine and a severe disadvantage with the higher dose. Previous reports of transient increases in aggression in 5-hydroxytryptamine-treated subordinate lobsters did not take into account motor inhibition as a possible critical variable in aggression.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 6","pages":"575-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21785772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 58

Excitatory and inhibitory receptive fields of tectal cells are differentially modified by magnocellular and parvocellular divisions of the pigeon nucleus isthmi. 鸽核峡部的大细胞分裂和细细胞分裂对顶盖细胞的兴奋性和抑制性感受野有不同的修饰。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000102

Y Wang, J Xiao, S R Wang

{"title":"Excitatory and inhibitory receptive fields of tectal cells are differentially modified by magnocellular and parvocellular divisions of the pigeon nucleus isthmi.","authors":"Y Wang, J Xiao, S R Wang","doi":"10.1007/s003590000102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000102","url":null,"abstract":"It has been known that magnocellular and parvocellular divisions of the pigeon nucleus isthmi exert excitatory and inhibitory actions on tectal cells, respectively. The present study shows that injection of N-methyl-D-aspartate into the parvocellular division results in an increase in responsive strength and extent of the inhibitory receptive fields, which expand into the excitatory receptive fields of tectal cells. This injection concurrently leads to a decrease in responsiveness and extent of the excitatory fields. On the other hand, injection of acetylcholine into the magnocellular division enhances visual responsiveness, although the excitatory field is not obviously changed in extent. Meanwhile, strength and extent of the inhibitory fields are decreased by acetylcholine. The excitatory and inhibitory fields are reduced in both strength and extent by magnocellular and parvocellular injection of lidocaine, respectively. It suggests that isthmic inputs from both parvocellular and magnocellular divisions converge onto the same tectal cells, and the magnocellular and parvocellular subnuclei can modulate excitatory and inhibitory receptive fields of tectal cells, respectively, with some interactions between both fields.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 6","pages":"505-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21785864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 47

Mechanics of the inner ear of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana): the contact membranes and the periotic canal. 牛蛙(Rana catesbeiana)内耳的力学:接触膜和骨膜管。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-05-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590050446

A P Purgue, P M Narins

{"title":"Mechanics of the inner ear of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana): the contact membranes and the periotic canal.","authors":"A P Purgue, P M Narins","doi":"10.1007/s003590050446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590050446","url":null,"abstract":"The frog inner ear consists of a complex of fluid-filled membranous sacs and canals containing eight distinct clusters of sensory hair cells. In this study we attempt to delineate the potential pathways for acoustic energy flow toward two of these clusters located within the amphibian papilla and the basilar papilla. Detailed morphological measurements of the periotic canal based on internal casts of the inner ear in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) revealed that it is divided into a wide, tapered section and a narrower section comprised of two branches one short and blind projecting into the endolymphatic space and another longer, terminating in the round window. Additionally, we used laser Doppler velocimetry to record the velocity responses of the contact membranes of the amphibian papilla and basilar papilla. We found that the acoustic energy flow through these two structures is frequency dependent such that the amphibian papilla contact membrane displays a peak velocity amplitude at frequencies less than 500 Hz, whereas the basilar papilla contact membrane velocity response exhibits a maximum above 1,100 Hz. Our data advocate a mechanical substrate underlying the frequency segregation in the auditory nerve fibers innervating the amphibian papilla and the basilar papilla.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 5","pages":"481-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590050446","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21723039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 38

Relating middle-ear acoustic performance to body size in the cat family: measurements and models. 猫科中耳声学性能与体型的关系:测量和模型。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-05-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590050444

G T Huang, J J Rosowski, W T Peake

{"title":"Relating middle-ear acoustic performance to body size in the cat family: measurements and models.","authors":"G T Huang, J J Rosowski, W T Peake","doi":"10.1007/s003590050444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590050444","url":null,"abstract":"Is the acoustic performance of the mammalian middle ear dependent on body size? We focus on the cat family, because of its qualitatively uniform (and distinctive) middle-ear structure, large size range, and the extensive data available from domestic cats which provide a framework for relating middle-ear acoustics to structure. We report measurements of acoustic admittance in 17 live adult ears of 11 exotic species, ranging in size from sand cat (3 kg) to tiger (180 kg). For low frequencies, the middle-ear response is compliant for all species and generally increases with size. The compliance of the middle-ear air space increases with size, but the compliance of the tympanic membrane and ossicular chain is not correlated with size. Structure-based rules are developed to represent some features of middle-ear performance: (1) low-frequency sensitivity increases with size; and (2) the frequency of a prominent notch in admittance decreases with size. Although some species deviate from the rules, the data generally support the idea that in larger felids the middle-ear response is shifted to lower frequencies. Thus, in the cat family, body size partly describes variations in auditory features. More speculatively, ethological pressures which might influence hearing performance are discussed.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 5","pages":"447-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590050444","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21723037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 62

A model for energy flow in the inner ear of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana). 牛蛙(蛙)内耳能量流模型。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-05-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590050447

A P Purgue, P M Narins

引用次数: 21