Proceedings International Conference on Computer Design VLSI in Computers and Processors最新文献

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Fast cache access with full-map block directory 快速缓存访问与全映射块目录
J. Peir, W. Hsu
{"title":"Fast cache access with full-map block directory","authors":"J. Peir, W. Hsu","doi":"10.1109/ICCD.1997.628924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCD.1997.628924","url":null,"abstract":"There are two concurrent paths in a typical cache access -one through the data array and the other through the tag array. In most cases, the path through the tag array is significantly longer than that through the data array. In this paper, we propose a new scheme that exploits this imbalance in the tag and data paths to improve overall cache performance. Under this scheme, an additional tag directory, the full-map block directory, is used to provide an alternate tag path to speed up cache access for almost all the memory requests. This scheme is based on the observation that spatial locality exists on a cache line basis i.e. cache lines near one another tend to be referenced together. Performance evaluation using the TPC-C benchmark and the SPEC92 benchmark suite demonstrates that this scheme has the potential to improve overall system performance by more than 20%.","PeriodicalId":154864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference on Computer Design VLSI in Computers and Processors","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114983067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A comparative evaluation of hierarchical network architecture of the HP-Convex Exemplar hp -凸样例的层次网络结构的比较评价
R. Castañeda, Xiaodong Zhang, James M. Hoover
{"title":"A comparative evaluation of hierarchical network architecture of the HP-Convex Exemplar","authors":"R. Castañeda, Xiaodong Zhang, James M. Hoover","doi":"10.1109/ICCD.1997.628877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCD.1997.628877","url":null,"abstract":"The Convex Exemplar (SPP1000 and SPP2000 series) is a new commercial distributed shared-memory architecture. Using a set of system kernels and two application programs, we examine performance effects on network latency, hot spot contention, cache coherence and overall scaling capability, which result both from the choice of the network structure as well as from its CC-NUMA memory system feature. Since the KSR-1 was also targeted at scalable cache coherent shared-memory systems by using hierarchical interconnection networks, we compared the architecture and performance results with the KSR-1. Our experiments indicate that the memory access latency of the Exemplar is comparatively low due to its fast processor node and the unique network/system structure. In addition, the Coherent Toroidal Interconnect (CTI) rings are efficient in handling cache coherence activities on the Exemplar. However, the Exemplar synchronization primitives need further exploit its hierarchical architecture in a high contention environment. As we expect with extremely fast processors in a hierarchical memory structure, the high-speed cluster-based Exemplar system is more sensitive to data locality.","PeriodicalId":154864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference on Computer Design VLSI in Computers and Processors","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128287984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Design methodology for the high-performance G4 S/390 microprocessor 高性能g4s /390微处理器的设计方法
K. Shepard, S. Carey, D. Beece, R. F. Hatch, G. Northrop
{"title":"Design methodology for the high-performance G4 S/390 microprocessor","authors":"K. Shepard, S. Carey, D. Beece, R. F. Hatch, G. Northrop","doi":"10.1109/ICCD.1997.628873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCD.1997.628873","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the methodology employed in the design of the G4 S/390 microprocessor. Issues of verifying design metrics of power, noise, timing, and functional correctness are discussed within the context of a performance-driven transistor-level custom design approach. Semi-automated techniques to encourage designer productivity consistent with the objectives of a high-frequency deep submicron design point are presented as are the practical issues associated with managing the complexity of an 8 million transistor design.","PeriodicalId":154864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference on Computer Design VLSI in Computers and Processors","volume":"194 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125982097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Multi-column implementations for cache associativity 缓存关联的多列实现
Chenxi Zhang, Xiaodong Zhang, Yong Yan
{"title":"Multi-column implementations for cache associativity","authors":"Chenxi Zhang, Xiaodong Zhang, Yong Yan","doi":"10.1109/ICCD.1997.628915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCD.1997.628915","url":null,"abstract":"We propose two schemes for implementing higher associativity: the sequential multi-column cache, which is an extension of the column associative cache, and the parallel multi-column cache. In order to achieve the same access cycle time as that of a direct-mapped cache, data memory in the cache is organized into one bank in both schemes. We use the multiple MRU block technique to increase the first hit ratio, thus reducing the average access time. While the parallel multi-column cache performs the tag checking in parallel, the sequential multi-column cache sequentially searches through places in a set, and uses index information to filter out unnecessary probes. In the case of an associativity of 4, they both achieve the low miss rate of a 4-way set-associative cache. Our simulation results using ATUM traces show that both schemes can effectively reduce the average access time.","PeriodicalId":154864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference on Computer Design VLSI in Computers and Processors","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122190470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Checking formal specifications under simulation 检查模拟下的正式规范
William Canfield, E. Emerson, A. Saha
{"title":"Checking formal specifications under simulation","authors":"William Canfield, E. Emerson, A. Saha","doi":"10.1109/ICCD.1997.628908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCD.1997.628908","url":null,"abstract":"\"Verification\" of large multiprocessor designs currently heavily on simulation. Formal techniques such as model checking are typically only applied to small parts of the system, due to issues of computational and notational complexity. With these two facts in mind the authors have designed a platform which aims to help bridge the gap between formal verification and simulation. They present a temporal logic specification language which includes constructs for specifying system behavior at a high level of abstraction, and discuss its use in simulation and model checking.","PeriodicalId":154864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference on Computer Design VLSI in Computers and Processors","volume":"287 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124574366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Power constrained design of multiprocessor interconnection networks 多处理器互连网络的功耗约束设计
C. Patel, S. Chai, S. Yalamanchili, D. Schimmel
{"title":"Power constrained design of multiprocessor interconnection networks","authors":"C. Patel, S. Chai, S. Yalamanchili, D. Schimmel","doi":"10.1109/ICCD.1997.628902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCD.1997.628902","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers the power constrained design of orthogonal multiprocessor interconnection networks. The authors present a detailed model of message latency as a function of topology, technology architecture, and power. This model is then used to analyze a number of interesting scenarios, providing a sound engineering basis for interconnection network design in these cases. For example, they have observed that under a fixed power constraint, the network dimension which achieves minimal latency is a slowly growing function of system size. In addition, as they increase the available power per node for a fixed system size, the dimension at which message latency is minimized shifts towards higher dimensional networks.","PeriodicalId":154864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference on Computer Design VLSI in Computers and Processors","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126537413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 89
Circuit-based description and modeling of electromagnetic noise effects in packaged low-power electronics 封装低功率电子器件中电磁噪声效应的电路描述与建模
A. Cangellaris, W. Pinello, A. Ruehli
{"title":"Circuit-based description and modeling of electromagnetic noise effects in packaged low-power electronics","authors":"A. Cangellaris, W. Pinello, A. Ruehli","doi":"10.1109/ICCD.1997.628860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCD.1997.628860","url":null,"abstract":"A methodology is presented for the simulation of electromagnetic noise interactions in packaged low-power electronics using circuit-based models. The availability of such a methodology provides for a unified approach to the modeling of crosstalk, simultaneous switching noise, as well as all other types of noise interactions that impact signal integrity and component/system internal and external electromagnetic compatibility, using a simulation environment that is very compatible with existing circuit simulators such as SPICE. Illustrative examples from noise interactions in mixed-signal analog/digital circuits are used to demonstrate the unique capabilities of the proposed electromagnetic modeling methodology.","PeriodicalId":154864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference on Computer Design VLSI in Computers and Processors","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123187622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Design and test: The Lost World 设计和测试:失落的世界
W. Joyner
{"title":"Design and test: The Lost World","authors":"W. Joyner","doi":"10.1109/ICCD.1997.628890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCD.1997.628890","url":null,"abstract":"In the film The Lost World released in the summer of 1997, based on the 1995 Michael Crichton novel, scientists speculate about whether remote areas exist, far from human view, where dinosaurs survived and prospered, in spite of their apparent extinction and replacement by other life forms. Is the same true in design and test today? Are there places unknown to us where practices are those of a bygone era? This paper examines the evolution of design and test, and the social as well as technical factors which lead to new design practices.","PeriodicalId":154864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference on Computer Design VLSI in Computers and Processors","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125501051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Formal verification of the HAL S1 System cache coherence protocol HAL S1系统缓存一致性协议的正式验证
A. Hu, M. Fujita, Chris Wilson
{"title":"Formal verification of the HAL S1 System cache coherence protocol","authors":"A. Hu, M. Fujita, Chris Wilson","doi":"10.1109/ICCD.1997.628906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCD.1997.628906","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes the authors' experience applying formal verification to the cache coherence protocol of the HAL S1 System, a shared-memory and/or message-passing multiprocessor consisting of standard Intel Pentium/sup (R/) Pro symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) servers connected by HAL's proprietary Mercury Interconnect to create a cache-coherent, non-uniform memory access (CC-NUMA) machine. In recent years, several researchers have described the verification of cache coherence protocols to demonstrate the potential of formal verification. In this project, they sought to quantify this potential by carefully tracking the effort and results of applying formal verification, rather than simply demonstrating that verification was possible. Based on their records and experience, they show that protocol-level formal verification, properly applied, is sufficiently well-understood to be routinely undertaken, and they describe the techniques used to simplify the verification process. On the negative side, their formal verification methodology has limitations, so they outline the pitfalls encountered and recommend ways to minimize them.","PeriodicalId":154864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference on Computer Design VLSI in Computers and Processors","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120976030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Improving design turnaround time via two-levels HW/SW co-simulation 通过两级硬件/软件联合仿真提高设计周转时间
A. Allara, S. Filipponi, W. Fornaciari, F. Salice, D. Sciuto
{"title":"Improving design turnaround time via two-levels HW/SW co-simulation","authors":"A. Allara, S. Filipponi, W. Fornaciari, F. Salice, D. Sciuto","doi":"10.1109/ICCD.1997.628901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCD.1997.628901","url":null,"abstract":"The steadily growing demand of fast turnaround time will shift system tuning from physical prototyping to virtual prototyping. The paper proposes a novel approach for mixed HW-SW implementation of embedded systems, allowing high-level simulation of the overall architecture as well as a deeper analysis of timing performance by exploiting commercial VHDL CAD tools. At the higher level, functional debugging and tradeoff analysis is performed on an OCCAM-based system-level model and at the lower level a VHDL-based description for both the HW and SW is built for fine grain verification of the system. The paper introduces the two levels of simulation, showing their impact in terms of design flow management and design time.","PeriodicalId":154864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference on Computer Design VLSI in Computers and Processors","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115365765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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