Journal of Clinical and Translational Research最新文献

{"title":"Selective internal radiotherapy in Germany: a review of indications and hospital mortality from 2012 to 2019","authors":"A. Mertens, T. Essing, Peter Minko, Kathrin Möllenhoff, K. Mattes-György, F. Giesel, G. Antoch, T. Luedde, C. Roderburg, S. Loosen","doi":"10.18053/jctres.09.202302.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18053/jctres.09.202302.009","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Selective internal radiotherapy (SIRT) is a minimal invasive tumor therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), biliary tract cancer (BTC), and liver metastasis of extrahepatic tumors. Comprehensive data on past and current trends of SIRT as well as outcome parameters such as in-hospital mortality and adverse events in Germany are missing. Methods: We evaluated current clinical developments and outcomes of SIRT in Germany based on standardized hospital discharge data, provided by the German Federal Statistical Office from 2012 to 2019. Results: A total of 11,014 SIRT procedures were included in the analysis. The most common indication was hepatic metastases (54.3%; HCC: 39.7%; BTC: 6%) with a trend in favor of HCC and BTC over time. Most SIRTs were performed with yttrium-90 (99.6%) but the proportion of holmium-166 SIRTs increased in recent years. There were significant differences in the mean length of hospital stay between 90Y (3.67 ± 2 days) and 166Ho (2.9 ± 1.3 days) based SIRTs. Overall in-hospital mortality was 0.14%. The mean number of SIRTs/hospital was 22.9 (SD ± 30.4). The 20 highest case volume centers performed 25.6% of all SIRTs. Conclusion: Our study gives a detailed insight into indications, patient-related factors, and the incidence of adverse events as well as the overall in-hospital mortality in a large SIRT collective in Germany. SIRT is a safe procedure with low overall in-hospital mortality and a well-definable spectrum of adverse events. We report differences in the regional distribution of performed SIRTs and changes in the indications and used radioisotopes over the years. Relevance for Patients: SIRT is a safe procedure with very low overall mortality and a well-definable spectrum of adverse events, particularly gastrointestinal. Complications are usually treatable or self-limiting. Acute liver failure is a potentially fatal but exceptionally rare complication. 166Ho has promising beneficial bio-physical characteristics and 166Ho-based SIRT should be further evaluated against 90Y-based SIRT as the current standard of care.","PeriodicalId":15482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Research","volume":"52 1","pages":"123 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88185660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of colonic fecal impaction caused by excessive dietary fiber intake that was endoscopically treated with intra-fecal injection of a bowel-cleansing agent.","authors":"Hideaki Kawabata,&nbsp;Kojiro Nakase,&nbsp;Tetsuya Yamamoto,&nbsp;Hiroaki Satake,&nbsp;Katsutoshi Yamaguchi,&nbsp;Yuji Okazaki,&nbsp;Masatoshi Miyata,&nbsp;Shigehiro Motoi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>A 75-year-old man who had eaten half a head of chopped raw cabbage (approximately 600 g) daily was suffering from the left lower pain, abdominal fullness, and constipation. He was diagnosed with colonic ileus and obstructive colitis due to a fecal impaction in the sigmoid-descending junction. During colonoscopy, a tapered catheter was repeatedly inserted into the impacted feces to inject a bowel-cleansing agent. Finally, the feces were broken to be fragmented enough to path the endoscope through. After the procedure, his symptoms were immediately relieved.</p><p><strong>Relevance for patients: </strong>Excessive dietary fiber intake can induce fecal ileus. Endoscopic treatment with intra-fecal injection of a bowel-cleansing agent is useful and worth attempting for disimpaction of feces.</p>","PeriodicalId":15482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"33-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/34/d5/jclintranslres-2023-9-1-33.PMC9844222.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10582872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Bacopa monnieri</i> supplementation has no effect on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels but beneficially modulates nuclear factor kappa B and cyclic AMP response element-binding protein levels in healthy elderly subjects.","authors":"Andrew P Keegan,&nbsp;Con Stough,&nbsp;Daniel Paris,&nbsp;Cheryl A Luis,&nbsp;Laila Abdullah,&nbsp;Ghania Ait-Ghezala,&nbsp;Fiona Crawford,&nbsp;Michael Mullan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong><i>Bacopa monnieri</i> is an Ayurvedic herb that has been used for multiple conditions, most notably to augment cognition, particularly memory and attention. Multiple mechanisms, including raising brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), have been proposed and investigated in animal models that require translational studies in humans.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bacopa was administered in an open-labeled study to cognitively healthy controls over a 3-month period. Cognition and mood were assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and geriatric depression scale (GDS) at the baseline and 3-month visit. Laboratories were assessed for safety and serum levels of mature (mBDNF) and proBDNF were quantified. In a subset of subjects, intracellular signaling processes were assessed using western blot analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bacopa was provided to 35 subjects and was well-tolerated except for 4 (11%) subjects who early terminated due to known, reversible, and gastrointestinal side effects (i.e., nausea, diarrhea). Over the 3 months, the GDS and the total MoCA did not significantly change; however, the delayed-recall subscale significantly improved (baseline: 3.8 ± 1.2, 3-months: 4.3 ± 0.9; <i>P</i> = 0.032). Serum mBDNF and proBDNF levels did not significantly change. Cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation significantly increased (<i>P</i> = 0.028) and p65 nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) phosphorylation significantly decreased (<i>P</i> = 0.030).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that Bacopa may exert an anti-inflammatory effect through NF-κB and improve intracellular signaling processes associated with synaptogenesis (CREB). The future placebo-controlled studies are recommended.</p><p><strong>Relevance for patients: </strong><i>B. monnieri</i> will require larger, blinded trials to better understand potential mechanisms, interactions, and utilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":15482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"50-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d8/7d/jclintranslres-2023-9-1-50.PMC10075090.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9272574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endurance training and MitoQ supplementation improve spatial memory, VEGF expression, and neurogenic factors in hippocampal tissue of rats.","authors":"Hanzaleh Jafari Zadeh,&nbsp;Zahrasadat Roholamini,&nbsp;Soheil Aminizadeh,&nbsp;Maedeh Amiri Deh-Ahmadi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>The hippocampus has a key role in memory and learning, which means that this brain structure has high-energy demand. Accordingly, mitochondrial dysfunction in the hippocampus has deleterious effects on brain function. MitoQ is an antioxidant that accumulates selectively in mitochondria at high concentration. In this study, the effect of MitoQ alone and in combination with endurance training (ET) was investigated on spatial memory (distance, time, and number of passes in the target quarter), antioxidant status (superoxide dismutase [SOD] and glutathione peroxidase [GPx]), and neurogenic factor levels (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] and brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF]) in male Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Rats were assigned to a control (CTL) group, ET group, ET+MitoQ group, and a MitoQ group. Rats were trained on a treadmill for 8 weeks, 5 days/week, and 50 min/day. MitoQ (250 μM daily) was administered through drinking water for 8 weeks. Spatial memory (Morris water maze test), gene expression (real-time PCR), protein expression (Western blotting), and antioxidants (ELISA method) were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Distance and number of passes in the target quarter in the ET, MitoQ, and ET+MitoQ groups were higher than in the CTL group (<i>P</i>=0.001). MitoQ+ET had more impact on the abovementioned indices than MitoQ or ET alone. Simultaneous use of MitoQ and ET significantly increased gene and protein expression of VEGF (<i>P</i>=0.0001) and gene expression of BDNF (<i>P</i>=0.004) and Sestrin 2 (<i>SESN2</i>) (<i>P</i>=0.0001) in hippocampal tissue. The expression of VEGF (<i>P</i>=0.007) and SESN2 (<i>P</i>=0.001) was higher in the MitoQ group compared to the CTL group. Tissue GPx levels were increased following all three interventions (<i>P</i>≤0.013) compared to the CTL group while SOD levels remained unchanged in all groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combination of ET and MitoQ has additive effects on spatial memory in rats by modulating parameters that are involved in hippocampal neurogenesis. In addition, MitoQ may have positive effects on the antioxidant defense by improving GPx activity.</p><p><strong>Relevance for patients: </strong>Considering the positive effects of MitoQ on improving the memory and the antioxidant defense, it seems that it can play a positive role in improving the diseases associated with memory loss in the long term, and ET along with this supplement can increase the possible positive effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":15482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f8/8c/jclintranslres-2023-9-1-1.PMC9844224.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10582871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potentially harmful medication use and the associated factors among pregnant women visiting antenatal care clinics in Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Southwestern Uganda.","authors":"John Isiiko,&nbsp;Joshua Kiptoo,&nbsp;Tadele Mekuriya Yadesa,&nbsp;Daniel Chans Mwandah,&nbsp;Rachel Alinaiswe,&nbsp;Joseph Ngonzi,&nbsp;Paul E Alele","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pregnancy management using medications has been challenging for both healthcare providers and pregnant women, given the fear of teratogenicity effects and the potential for fetal harm. In the developing world, poor health-seeking behavior of patients, delayed initiation of antenatal care (ANC), and low level of educational status of mothers could contribute to the issue of drug safety in pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with potentially harmful medication use in pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1 to June 6, 2021, including 209 pregnant women on ANC follow-up at a referral hospital in Southwestern Uganda. The simple random sampling technique was employed to select study participants. Interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect the history of medication use since conception and then the participant's ANC card was reviewed to determine prescribed drug regimens and their indications. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23.0 was used for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 1,422 medications used by 209 women, 665 (42.2%) were category C, and 182 (11.5%) were category A. A total of 92 (44.0%) pregnant women used at least one potentially harmful medication during the current pregnancy. Having more than average monthly income (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.32 [1.04, 5.14 at 95% confidence interval (CI)]), having a chronic disease (aOR = 3.24 [1.17, 8.97 at 95% C.I]), using 7 and more medications (aOR = 9.12 [4.11, 20.24 at 95% CI]), and use of herbal medicines (aOR = 4.50 [2.10, 9.87 at 95% CI]) were shown to be risk factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proportion of pregnant women that used at least one potentially harmful medication is higher than in previous studies. Having comorbidities and taking more medications increase the risk of receiving a potentially harmful medication during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Relevance to patients: </strong>This study identified the gaps in the use of medicines during pregnancy which will enable the development and implementation of protocols for optimizing prescribing practices in pregnant women by focusing on the safety of the fetus.</p>","PeriodicalId":15482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"16-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/21/7e/jclintranslres-2023-9-1-16.PMC9844225.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10582874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etiological spectrum of isolated ileo-cecal ulcers in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms.","authors":"Mayank Bhushan Pateria,&nbsp;Anurag Kumar Tiwari,&nbsp;Vinod Kumar,&nbsp;Dawesh P Yadav,&nbsp;Sunit Kumar Shukla,&nbsp;Ashutosh Gupta,&nbsp;Gurvachan Singh,&nbsp;Vinod Kumar Dixit","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Isolated ileo-cecal region (ICR) ulcers may represent underlying Crohn's disease (CD), intestinal tuberculosis (ITB), bacterial infections (including typhoid), amoebiasis, eosinophilic enteritis, drug-induced sequelae, or neoplasm. Overlapping morphological and microscopic characteristics of many of these diseases make it challenging to unequivocally confirm a diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of the study was to investigate the etiology and clinical outcomes of isolated ileo-cecal ulcers discovered during an ileocolonoscopy in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with isolated ileo-cecal ulcers and symptoms within the age range of 10 - 80 years were included in the study (N = 100). Patients not giving consent (assent in case of a minor), with a prior diagnosis of tuberculosis or inflammatory bowel disease, with incomplete colonoscopy and associated colonic lesions other than ICR were excluded from the study. Demographics, clinical information, and relevant biochemical and serological tests were recorded. During the colonoscopy, multiple biopsies were taken from the ileo-cecal ulcers for histopathological examination. Repeat ileocolonoscopy was performed as needed in consenting patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age and mean duration of symptoms were 36.0 ± 15.6 years and 18.8 ± 21.6 months, respectively. The majority of the patients presented with abdominal pain (59%), followed by diarrhea (47%), weight loss (20%), gastrointestinal bleeding (15%), and fever (11%). A history of taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was present in only 5% of the patients. Mean hemoglobin, C-reactive protein, and albumin levels were 11.6 ± 2.8 g/dL, 6.9 ± 9.5 mg/L, and 3.7 ± 0.8 g/dL, respectively. Based on clinical, colonoscopic, and histopathological findings, initial treatment was symptomatic/antibiotics in 55%, anti-tubercular treatment in 21%, 5-aminosalicylic acid/steroids for CD in 13%, oral budesonide in 10% of patients, and one patient was referred for management of malignancy. Final diagnoses after 8 - 24 weeks of follow-up were non-specific ileitis/colitis (45%), CD (20%), ITB (18%), infective (7%), eosinophilic ileitis/colitis (6%), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced (2%), and amoebic and malignant in 1% of patients each.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The majority of patients with ileo-cecal ulcers have specific etiologies. Non-specific ulcers at the ICR can be managed symptomatically; however, close follow-up is necessary as sometimes the ulcers may harbor an underlying specific disease.</p><p><strong>Relevance for patients: </strong>Isolated ileo-cecal ulcers are common findings during colonoscopy in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. The majority of these ulcers harbor underlying significant diseases that can cause morbidity and mortality if left undiagnosed and untreated. Reaching a specific diagnosis in such case","PeriodicalId":15482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"26-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/42/a7/jclintranslres-2023-9-1-26.PMC9844223.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10637713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No difference in treatment outcome between patients with nodal versus extranodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.","authors":"Saqib Raza Khan,&nbsp;Afzal Muhammad,&nbsp;Salman Muhammad Soomar,&nbsp;Daania Shoaib,&nbsp;Ayesha Arshad Ali,&nbsp;Tariq Muhammad,&nbsp;Muhammad Nauman Zahir,&nbsp;Adnan Abdul Jabbar,&nbsp;Yasmin Abdul Rashid,&nbsp;Michal Heger,&nbsp;Munira Shabbir Moosajee","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has been classified using various parameters, including the site of origin. Studies have reported conflicting outcomes when DLBLC patients were stratified according to the site of origin. This study aimed to investigate the response rate and survival outcomes in nodal versus extranodal DLBCL and compare the results to a region-matched study covering the 1988 - 2005 period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted on all patients diagnosed with DLBCL and treated in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan during 2014 - 2019. We calculated the mean and median for continuous variables and frequency and percentages for all categorical variables. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the hazard ratio (HR) for OS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 118 patients, 49 patients (41.5%) had nodal disease and 69 patients (58.5%) were diagnosed with extranodal DLBCL. The majority of patients in the nodal and extranodal cohorts presented with Stages III and IV disease (73.4% and 62.3%, respectively). A complete response to (immuno) chemotherapy was achieved in 71.4% of nodal DLBCL patients and 65.2% of extranodal DLBCL patients. The 5-year PFS and median PFS in the entire cohort were 0.8% and 17 m, respectively. The PFS and median PFS in the nodal and extranodal DLBCL cohort were 0% and 1.4%, respectively, and 15 m and 19 m, respectively. The 5-year OS and median OS in the entire cohort were 16.1% and 19 m, respectively. The OS and median OS in the nodal and extranodal DLBCL cohort were 8.2% and 21.7%, respectively, and 19 m and 21 m, respectively. Multivariable linear regression revealed that the ABC phenotype (nodal, HR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.37 - 3.20; extranodal, HR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.46 - 3.17; GBC as reference) and double and triple hit DLBCL (nodal, HR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.19 - 2.81; extranodal, HR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.28 - 2.43; and non-expressors as reference) are independent negative predictors of OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DLBCL incidence in the Karachi region has remained comparable but patient composition in the extranodal DLBCL cohort has shifted to predominantly advanced stage. Nodal and extranodal DLBCL were associated with similar PFS and OS profiles and first- and second-line treatment responses. Cell of origin and antigen expression status was independent negative predictors of OS, disfavoring the ABC phenotype and lesions with c-MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 overexpression.</p><p><strong>Relevance for patients: </strong>DLBCL is an aggressive type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, however; patients respond well to standard systemic chemotherapy. Extranodal type of DLBCL patients tend to have more residual disease after first-line systemic chemotherapy, but physicians should keep in mind that the sub","PeriodicalId":15482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"37-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/48/65/jclintranslres-2023-9-1-37.PMC9844226.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10582869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A population-based survey on interarch malocclusion and background determinants.","authors":"Mohsen Shirazi,&nbsp;Mahsa Mortazavi,&nbsp;Yasamin Farajzadeh Jalali,&nbsp;Hossein Hessari","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Genetics, environment, and ethnic factors are major contributors to the prevalence and variations of malocclusion.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of study was to determine the prevalence of interarch problems in school-aged children, 9 - 11 years, living in Tehran; and to describe the role of ethnicity, education, and economic status on them.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present data were part of the Comprehensive Evaluation of Skeleto-Dental Anomalies (CESDA) study conducted in 2015 among children living in Tehran, Iran. Cluster random sampling was applied among 19 districts of Tehran. A total of 38 schools were selected, and out of 1585 participants, the data of 1429 children were collected (response rate = 90%). The Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of all participants, 758 were boys and 671 were girls. The mean age was 121 ± 8 months. The most significant background determinants associated with molar relationship were ethnicity and place of residence. Class I right molar relationship was seen in 57.9% of the children and was generally more frequent in boys. Normal overjet was observed in 47.1%; 41.5% had an increased overjet, 16.2% had an anteroposterior cross-bite, and 11.8% had a lateral cross-bite. Midline discrepancy was seen among 61.1% of the children. Ideal anteroposterior, vertical, and horizontal relationship were observed in 31%, 53%, and 34% of the children, respectively. Only 10% of the children aged 9 - 11 years old had an ideal interarch relationship. Gender and place of residence had persistently significant association with having an ideal anteroposterior, vertical, horizontal, and interarch relationships (P < 0.002) in all four binary logistic regression models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The majority of the children aged 9 - 11 years old have at least one interarch problem, although it is commonly preventable.</p><p><strong>Relevance for patients: </strong>Early detection of children's orthodontic problems may help with effective prevention of further advanced anomalies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"8-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/62/0f/jclintranslres-2023-9-1-8.PMC9844219.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10637717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of Google Trends and Twitter data as a tool for evaluating public interest in hyaluronic acid eyelid filler","authors":"Samuel A. Cohen, A. Kossler","doi":"10.18053/jctres.09.202302.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18053/jctres.09.202302.003","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Google Trends and the Twitter Academic Research Product Tract (TARPT) are free, online tools that can be used to evaluate public interest in plastic surgery procedures. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between online public interest in hyaluronic acid eyelid filler on two popular web platforms (Google and Twitter) and hyaluronic acid filler procedure volumes in the United States. Methods: The Google Trends database and the TARPT tool were used to calculate the number of annual Google searches and Twitter tweets, respectively, related to 10 search terms associated with hyaluronic acid eyelid filler injections from January 2010 to December 2020. Annual procedure volumes for hyaluronic acid filler injections were obtained from the American Society of Plastic Surgery (ASPS). Univariate linear regression was used to correlate Google searches to ASPS procedure volumes and Twitter tweet volumes to ASPS procedure volumes. Results: Significant positive correlations were found between Google Trends data and ASPS procedure volumes for 8/10 search terms and between Twitter tweet volumes and ASPS procedure volumes for 6/10 search terms, respectively. Online public interest in eyelid filler related search terms increased significantly over time according to an exponential model (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: We observed statistically significant positive associations between public interest related to eyelid filler on two online platforms, Google and Twitter, and hyaluronic acid soft-tissue filler procedure volumes. The Google Trends and TARPT databases represent free information sources for surgeons that may be used to inform marketing and advertising decisions and to anticipate patient inquiries during the patient encounter. Relevance for Patients: Information provided by the Google Trends and TARPT tools can be used by surgeons to (1) inform marketing and advertising strategies and (2) gain insight into which procedures patients are researching during a given time period, preparing them to best address the evolving needs of patients.","PeriodicalId":15482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"76 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75418814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical prediction model for pulmonary thrombosis diagnosis in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection","authors":"A. Franco-Moreno, D. Brown-Lavalle, N. Rodríguez-Ramírez, C. Muñoz-Roldán, A. I. Rubio-Aguilera, M. Campos-Arenas, N. Muñoz-Rivas, E. Moya-Mateo, J. Ruiz-Giardín, V. Pardo-Guimerá, M. Ulla-Anés, R. Pedrero-Tomé, J. Torres-Macho, A. Bustamante-Fermosel","doi":"10.18053/jctres.09.202302.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18053/jctres.09.202302.002","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: We aimed to develop a clinical prediction model for pulmonary thrombosis (PT) diagnosis in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Methods: Non-intensive care unit hospitalized COVID-19 patients who underwent a computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) for suspected PT were included in the study. Demographic, clinical, analytical, and radiological variables as potential factors associated with the presence of PT were selected. Multivariable Cox regression analysis to develop a score for estimating the pre-test probability of PT was performed. The score was internally validated by bootstrap analysis. Results: Among the 271 patients who underwent a CTPA, 132 patients (48.7%) had PT. Heart rate >100 bpm (OR = 4.63 [95% CI: 2.30–9.34]; P < 0.001), respiratory rate >22 bpm (OR = 5.21 [95% CI: 2.00–13.54]; P < 0.001), RALE score ≥4 (OR = 3.24 [95% CI: 1.66–6.32]; P < 0.001), C-reactive protein (CRP) >100 mg/L (OR = 2.10 [95% CI: 0.95–4.63]; P = 0.067), and D-dimer >3.000 ng/mL (OR = 6.86 [95% CI: 3.54–13.28]; P < 0.001) at the time of suspected PT were independent predictors of thrombosis. Using these variables, we constructed a nomogram (CRP, Heart rate, D-dimer, RALE score, and respiratory rate [CHEDDAR score]) for estimating the pre-test probability of PT. The score showed a high predictive accuracy (area under the receiver–operating characteristics curve = 0.877; 95% CI: 0.83−0.92). A score lower than 182 points on the nomogram confers a low probability for PT with a negative predictive value of 92%. Conclusions: CHEDDAR score can be used to estimate the pre-test probability of PT in hospitalized COVID-19 patients outside the intensive care unit. Relevance for Patients: Developing a new clinical prediction model for PT diagnosis in COVID-19 may help in the triage of patients, and limit unnecessary exposure to radiation and the risk of nephrotoxicity due to iodinated contrast.","PeriodicalId":15482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"59 - 68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81683362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}