Journal of Cultural Heritage最新文献

{"title":"Towards the fabrication of a mussel-inspired transparent anti-wetting coating for the protection of cultural artefacts","authors":"Preeti Kumari,&nbsp;Aditya Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cultural artefacts are the essential threads that connect us to our historical heritage and cultural diversity. The conservation of these artefacts is crucial for maintaining our legacy and history. The present study aims to preserve copper-based cultural artefacts through an efficient one-step spray technique. The spray solution develops a superhydrophobic coating on the copper substrate, yielding a water contact angle of 158 ± 2° In addition to water repellency, the coating also maintains the artefact's aesthetic appearance by maintaining transparency above 90 % and exhibiting no visible color change. With mechanical sturdiness against water jet impact (up to 3 ms^-1), wear resistance (25 cycles of sandpaper abrasion, 8 cycles of falling sand abrasion) and adherence (15 cycles of tape peeling), the coating serves as an adaptable option for practical applications. The chemical resilience in both acidic and neutral media and thermal stability up to 240 °C further diversify its applicability in extreme conditions. Moreover, it also acts as a barrier to various environmental elements, including dust, sand, moisture, and UV radiation. The attributes such as corrosion inhibition and self-cleaning further boost the real-world usage of the coating. Thus, the entire study paves the way for the creation of a facile, reliable and sustainable solution for cultural heritage protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"73 ","pages":"Pages 524-535"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ours Elsevier","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1296-2074(25)00100-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1296-2074(25)00100-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"73 ","pages":"Page v"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preserving art in historical churches: evaluating microclimate fluctuations due to visitor activity","authors":"Eva Schito ,&nbsp;Carolina Aparicio-Fernández ,&nbsp;José-Luis Vivancos","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In churches, especially those without mechanical climate control systems, indoor temperature and relative humidity can fluctuate significantly throughout the day and year, posing potential risks to the preservation of artworks such as frescoes and wooden objects. The intermittent presence of people in these environments can exacerbate the problem, as their sensible and latent heat contributions amplify microclimate fluctuations. However, the actual impact of people on the indoor microclimate and artwork degradation is challenging to estimate due to the difficulty of collecting data during periods of continuous absence. In this paper, we monitored indoor environmental parameters inside the Santos Juanes Church, a temple of historical value in Valencia, Spain, from 2019 to 2020. This allowed us to assess the actual impact of visitors on the indoor microclimate through a comparative analysis of data from a \"typical\" period of use and data from the COVID-19 lockdown, when the church was closed. The results indicate that the effects of indoor activities on the microclimate are limited, not causing specific damage related to daily fluctuations. However, the estimation of damage risk indicators shows that indoor conditions during the summer, influenced by high outdoor temperatures and solar radiation, are not adequate for proper preservation. This issue, potentially common to many other churches in hot climates, can be addressed with increased night ventilation. This simple solution avoids the use of complex mechanical systems, which increase carbon emissions and are not recommended in the context of historical buildings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"73 ","pages":"Pages 549-560"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare tattoos shape and composition on a South American mummy","authors":"Gianluigi Mangiapane ,&nbsp;Elisabetta Di Francia ,&nbsp;Robin Gerst ,&nbsp;Thierry Radelet ,&nbsp;Maurizio Aceto ,&nbsp;Angelo Agostino ,&nbsp;Rosa Boano","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tattooing was a widely distributed cultural practice and seems to have been very persistent from the past to the present. Nevertheless, archaeological findings often lack of well-preserved soft tissues, and, so, of tattooed skin. Hence, ancient tattooed mummified skin is crucial for enhancing our understanding of these habits in past cultures. The present article aims at broadening the vision of ancient tattoo practice, highlighting the importance of applying a multidisciplinary approach. To do this, imaging analyses (i.e., 950 nm w/b IR Reflectography and 500–950 nm Infrared False-Colour) where performed on an unpublished and decontextualised South American mummified human body (housed at the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography of the University of Turin, Italy), in order to identify: presence, number and location of the tattoos. Moreover, chemical-physical techniques (i.e., X-Ray Fluorescence spectrometry, µRaman spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscope coupled with an Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis) were used for identifying the black tattoo ink composition.</div><div>The results show both rare shapes/anatomical location (lines on cheeks and single S<em>-like</em> mark on a wrist) and unusual ink composition (presence of magnetite and intentional absence of charcoal as the only pigment, the most commonly used material reported in literature). The uncommon outcomes are supported by cultural observations.</div><div>To conclude, the research actively contributes in the study of ancient tattoo practice, in particular in South America about 8 centuries ago, and highlights the role of museum collections in the analysis of ancient cultures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"73 ","pages":"Pages 561-570"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the impacts of climate change on a world heritage site in Greece","authors":"Anna Antoniou ,&nbsp;George Tsegas ,&nbsp;Nicolas Moussiopoulos ,&nbsp;Nicolaos Theodossiou","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change is exacerbating the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, threatening cultural heritage sites. This research focuses on the Dion monument in Pieria, Greece, a significant cultural heritage site historically affected by severe rainfall. Trends in temperature and precipitation over both historical (1971–2000) and future (2021–2100) periods are analyzed through extreme climate indices analysis, using data from the Coordinated Downscaling Experiment for European Domain (EURO<img>CORDEX) under the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) emissions scenario. Historical analysis provides a baseline for past climate variability, while future projections reveal emerging cultural heritage risks. This analysis identifies critical climate risks, such as rising temperatures and an increased frequency of intense rainfall events that contribute to flooding. To achieve high-resolution insights into extreme rainfall dynamics, dynamical downscaling is applied using the Weather Research and Forecasting model with the Advanced Research WRF dynamic solver (WRF-ARW). By simulating the 2017 Medicane in Greece, the model demonstrates its efficacy in capturing complex precipitation phenomena at a fine spatial scale (1 km resolution). The integration of extreme climate indices analysis for long-term trend assessment with dynamical downscaling for event-specific simulations provides a comprehensive assessment of climate-induced hazards, facilitating the development of informed conservation and risk management strategies aimed at safeguarding cultural heritage sites under evolving climate conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"73 ","pages":"Pages 498-509"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smartphone-based digitization of historical built heritage documentation","authors":"Nedim Tuno ,&nbsp;Goran Marinković ,&nbsp;Admir Mulahusić ,&nbsp;Jusuf Topoljak ,&nbsp;Dušan Kogoj ,&nbsp;Simona Savšek","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A significant portion of architectural heritage documents remains in analog form. Consequently, there is a genuine risk of permanent loss of invaluable data due to potential hazards such as fires, floods, earthquakes, wars, etc., primarily because digital copies of these documents do not exist. This research showcases the significant potential of mobile phone cameras for digitizing paper drafts of historical buildings. A good-quality electronic copies of paper records were obtained using photo stitching technology and an effective method for eliminating geometric distortions from the resulting mosaics. This approach offers a cost-effective and accessible alternative to traditional digitization methods, which typically rely on expensive large-format scanners and specialized overhead cameras. The described methodology provides an efficient solution for the relatively quick and reliable conversion of original documents into digital formats. Utilizing widely available low-cost hardware and software, this approach aims to ensure the permanent protection and availability of archival material for various research purposes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"73 ","pages":"Pages 409-418"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Best selection of adhesive for restoration of archaeological glasses through the modal analysis of its acoustic and vibrational response","authors":"Lamberto Tronchin ,&nbsp;Antonella Bevilacqua ,&nbsp;Silvia Ferucci","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The success of conservation related to archaeological glass depends on several factors, including the techniques used and the types of adhesives applied during the reconstruction process. This paper investigates the characteristics of glass conservation by using glass produced with techniques developed by ancient Romans and analysing the modal response of the vibrating surface under airborne and vibrational perspectives. In particular, the conservation process of archaeological glass has been explored, encompassing steps such as cleaning, debris removal. Adhesive usually employed in glass conservation have been tested in many ways (accelerate ageing, cohesion power, etc.) but they were never tested for their vibrational behaviour. Acoustic and vibrational measurements were carried out to scientifically evaluate the performance of two types of adhesives selected from a range of products available on the market. The measurements were conducted under three specific scenarios: (1) on intact glass before any intervention, (2) after a fracture repaired using Araldite® resin 2020 Huntsman, and (3) after a fracture using epoxy resin (Hxtal Nyl-1) B. The results were processed using the transfer function and the cross-correlation of vibrational and airborne values, focusing on the intensity of acoustic radiation (IAR). The findings indicate that the first adhesive B outperforms adhesive A, as the values of the resonance peaks related to the restored glass are closer to the peaks related to the glass measured before the rupture. The tests were performed on a perfect replica of a roman glass made with experimental archaeology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"73 ","pages":"Pages 426-433"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of storage conditions on the preservation of taphonomically altered human skeletal remains: Insights from ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and DNA analysis","authors":"Tamara Leskovar ,&nbsp;Ivan Jerman ,&nbsp;Irena Zupanič Pajnič","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The preservation of skeletonised human remains is crucial for successful archaeological and forensic analyses, yet it is influenced by various intrinsic and extrinsic factors. While numerous studies have addressed preservation states and their implications, the effects of storage conditions on taphonomically altered remains have been largely overlooked. This study examines the impact of storage conditions—freezer and room temperature—on bone samples from 21 femur shafts excavated from a World War II mass grave over a period of 1, 2, and 3 years. Changes were analysed using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and DNA analysis to explore correlations between molecular alterations and DNA preservation.</div><div>Results demonstrate that storage conditions significantly affect bone preservation. Freezer storage showed minimal degradation, primarily characterised by changes in mineral crystallinity due to the loss of loosely bound ions, while collagen quality improved initially, likely due to molecular reordering. In contrast, room-temperature storage accelerated both mineral and collagen deterioration, with pronounced effects on collagen quantity and quality correlating with increased crystallinity and apatite domain proportions. DNA quality and quantity exhibited similar trends under both conditions, though correlations with mineral and collagen changes varied by storage environment.</div><div>Over three years, freezer storage mitigated degradation by limiting mineral and collagen loss, whereas room-temperature storage accelerated changes, especially in collagen. These findings highlight the importance of controlled storage conditions, as significant molecular and structural alterations were observed within a relatively short period. This has important implications for the long-term preservation of forensic and archaeological samples, emphasising the need for appropriate storage strategies to ensure sample integrity for future analyses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"73 ","pages":"Pages 371-381"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143885992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect on the deacidification performance of paper by the synergism of fluorocarbon solvents","authors":"Delong Chen ,&nbsp;Min Yao ,&nbsp;Ming Gui ,&nbsp;Yan Shen ,&nbsp;Wenjuan Liu ,&nbsp;Chengfei Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>By blending multiple solvents, a deacidification solution that balances cost and performance can be achieved. However, the high inertness of fluorinated organic solvents acts as a double-edged sword—while preventing fiber degradation, it also hinders researchers from making improvements. In this study, a deacidification suspension with synergistic intermolecular interactions was prepared using nano-magnesium oxide (3 g/L) as the deacidifying agent and two cost-effective fluorocarbon solvents, perfluorobutyl methyl ether (PFM) and perfluorohexanone (PFH). The dispersion stability of nano-MgO in these solvents was investigated by comparing them with the Bookkeeper deacidification solution. The pH, alkaline reserve, and tensile strength of paper were measured before and after deacidification, as well as before and after dry-heat aging. The effects of solvents on different ink compositions and color changes were examined, and the mechanism of solvent synergy was analyzed through molecular electrostatic potential surface calculations. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to evaluate the effects of deacidification on paper properties. The results demonstrated that the deacidification solution prepared with the mixed PFM and PFH solvents significantly improved the dispersion of nano-MgO, enhanced its penetration depth into the paper cross-section, and achieved a more uniform surface distribution, all without compromising the paper's physical and chemical properties. The stability of the deacidification solution was maintained for up to 4 h, and when the PFH content reached 75 %, the deacidified paper exhibited a maximum pH of 8.21 and an alkaline reserve of 0.709 mol/kg, with only a 2 % change in tensile strength compared to untreated paper. After dry-heat aging, the reductions in pH, alkaline reserve, and tensile strength were all below 17 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"73 ","pages":"Pages 317-324"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of archeological heritage exposure to wildfires through simulation techniques. A study case in Galicia (Northwestern Spain)","authors":"Laura Alonso ,&nbsp;Thais Rincón ,&nbsp;Juan Picos ,&nbsp;Julia Armesto","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wildfires are one of the most prevalent hazards to which archeological sites are exposed. Wildfire regimes are expected to intensify in coming years in terms of frequency, severity and burn area, leading to an increased number of extreme wildfire events. In this context, it is essential to develop strategies for protecting cultural heritage from fires. These strategies involve exposure assessments which take inventories of cultural assets and evaluate how they would be impacted by fires. This study presents a workflow for analyzing the exposure of archeological assets to wildfires when these assets are dispersed throughout a landscape. In this study, a forested landscape with 692 granite-based cultural-heritage elements (mainly petroglyphs and dolmens) was analyzed. The workflow uses a wildfire simulation software that predicts variables related to wildfire behavior. In the study area, a total of 355 systematically distributed ignition points were simulated for both typical and atypical meteorological conditions. The output values analyzed were the flame length (FL), the rate of spread (ROS) and the fireline intensity (FLI), all variables related to the damage that the cultural elements could incur and to the feasibility of fire control. Outputs were analyzed in the immediate surroundings of archeological elements, deemed the <em>paleointerface</em> area. Additionally, simulations were also performed with virtual modifications to the vegetation structure in the <em>paleointerface</em> areas to determine whether this type of fire management strategy could help reduce the exposure of these elements to wildfires. Different behaviors were encountered in typical and atypical meteorological conditions. In typical conditions, controlling a fire would be nearly impossible in 53 % of the total <em>paleointerface</em> area. In atypical conditions, this was the case for 100 % of the <em>paleointerface</em> area. This reveals the great exposure of these archeological elements to wildfires, even in typical conditions, and indicates that fire management strategies are needed to protect them. The different results obtained also highlight the importance of considering both meteorological situations when performing exposure assessments. The results of the modified-vegetation-structure simulation revealed that fire management strategies focused on decreasing the height of shrubs, in shrub areas, and of the understory, in forested areas, can help to reduce wildfire exposure in both typical and atypical meteorological conditions. Finally, this workflow represents a tool that fulfills essential parts of a fire management plan: exposure analysis, emergency preparedness, and the design of fire reduction strategies. Specifically, this is a tool for prioritizing elements in need of management in landscapes with abundant scattered archeological elements where executing comprehensive preventive actions, although ideal, is not affordable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"73 ","pages":"Pages 336-346"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}