Journal of Cultural Heritage最新文献

{"title":"Aluminum-copper alloy artifacts: A comparison between artificially-pitted mock-ups and aged aircraft materials","authors":"Roua Kaddah,&nbsp;Delphine Veys-Renaux,&nbsp;François Mirambet,&nbsp;Agnès Mirambet-Paris,&nbsp;Emmanuel Rocca","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.06.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.06.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Collections of old aircraft stored outdoors in Air and Space museums often suffer from severe corrosion, highlighting the need for effective conservation protocols. This study examined the corrosion characteristics of two artifacts: a hatch from the Dassault Mirage IV-02 aircraft and an angle bracket from a Boeing 707 F-BHSL aircraft, known as “Château de Maintenon.” Even on painted surfaces, the long-term degradation of aluminum-copper alloys, such as the 2024 alloy, results in thick corrosion layers several hundred micrometers thick. This degradation often leaves highly corroded grain boundaries, which can lead to exfoliation and swelling of the metal.</div><div>The goal of this study is to compare the heavily corroded states of these artifacts with those of 2024 alloy reference samples, which were later identified as effective mock-ups of old aircraft artifacts. This comparison aims to develop and eventually implement protective treatments for these mock-ups, since direct application to the original artifacts is not feasible.</div><div>To achieve this goal, deep-pitted samples of two microstructurally distinct modern 2024 alloys have been artificially synthesized by straightforward electrochemical anodic polarization for several hours in a NaCl solution. Metallographic analysis using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction reveals that the mock-ups and artifacts contain both aluminum hydroxide and pure copper nanoparticles among the corrosion products. For both the 2024 mock-up alloys and artifacts, the electrochemical behavior, as characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, is very similar and can be easily interpreted in terms of active and passive electrochemical areas. The aircraft samples are somewhat less electroactive than the mock-ups, likely due to clusters of aluminum hydroxide on the surface and residues from surface treatments within the corrosion layer. Ultimately, both physicochemical and electrochemical characterizations indicate that these mock-ups closely mimic the two corroded aircraft artifacts, making them suitable for further development of conservation treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 406-414"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148524336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-analytical assessment of dry plate negative cleaning using non-invasive optical methods","authors":"Irene Lunghi,&nbsp;Barbara Cattaneo,&nbsp;Alice Dal Fovo,&nbsp;Emiliano Carretti,&nbsp;Raffaella Fontana","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.06.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.06.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cleaning has long been recognised as one of the most delicate operations in conservation, given its irreversible and potentially invasive nature. Despite its relevance to the conservation of photographic documents, the cleaning of mould-contaminated gelatine glass-plate negatives remains poorly documented. This study aims to assess the outcomes of cleaning treatments applied to mould-contaminated dry plate negatives using non-invasive and non-contact optical techniques. Both dry cleaning alone and combined with a hydroalcoholic solution were tested on fungal contamination. To assess cleaning efficacy, a novel acquisition setup for Reflectance Imaging Spectroscopy (RIS) was developed, enabling multispectral measurements on glass-plate negatives. These data were employed to calculate colour variation across the entire object surface. This approach combined with Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), optical microscopy-based profilometry, FTIR chemical imaging in reflectance mode, and stereomicroscopy, enabled systematic monitoring of the cleaning process. The results indicate only partial removal of mould from the emulsion layer, yielding important insights for conservators and highlighting the importance of preventive strategies against biological contamination. In addition, the conservation status of the negatives was investigated prior to cleaning using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and OCT, providing additional information on the stratigraphy and degradation mechanisms of dry plate negatives and contributing to the advancement of knowledge of these still understudied cultural heritage objects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 352-363"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148524338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cocciopesto lime plaster: a traditional composition from the Roman to the Ottoman period in Anatolia","authors":"Tuğçe Aydınalp,&nbsp;Fatma Gürhan,&nbsp;Rabia Nur Bilekli,&nbsp;Elif Uğurlu Sağın,&nbsp;Hasan Böke","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.06.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.06.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lime plaster made from dust and fragments of bricks, tiles or pottery with lime, known as <em>cocciopesto</em>, has been primarily used on water-related structures such as baths, cisterns, aqueducts and bridges since ancient times. This study characterizes a selection of cocciopesto-based coatings dating from the Roman, Byzantine, pre-Ottoman and Ottoman eras in Western Anatolia in Turkey. The aim is to identify the material properties that contribute to their long-term performance and durability. For this aim, their basic physical and raw material compositions, microstructural and hydraulic properties, and mineralogical and chemical compositions of the cocciopesto aggregates were determined using standard test methods, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results of the analysis show that cocciopesto plasters from four successive civilizations in Anatolia exhibit considerable variability in raw material composition and resulting physical properties. However, they all exhibit hydraulic behavior due to the formation of calcium silicate hydrate, calcium aluminate hydrate, and calcium aluminosilicate hydrate phases. The aggregates were primarily composed of quartz, albite, hematite, and an illite-like phase. The absence of high-temperature products indicates that the illite was fired at temperatures below 900 °C. Upon thermal treatment, illite produces comparatively less reactive amorphous phases and retains a partially crystalline structure. This suggests that high reactivity might not be the main criterion for selecting the cocciopesto aggregates. Comparing plaster recipes from different historical periods reveals a variety of methods. Roman plasters, for example, used low lime/aggregate ratios and coarse aggregates. These properties may allow higher permeability. Byzantine and pre-Ottoman plasters, on the other hand, used a wider range of particle sizes and a higher lime content. This may have improved workability and cohesion. Pre-Ottoman plasters had the highest lime content and lowest porosity. Ottoman plasters had similar lime-to-aggregate ratios to Roman plasters, but their granulometric composition and porosity differed. Consequently, the findings suggest that there was no single recipe for cocciopesto plaster. Nevertheless, craftsmen in Western Anatolia demonstrated their detailed knowledge of building materials by producing highly effective hydraulic mortars adapted to the architectural, structural, and micro-environmental requirements of their buildings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 446-458"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148524278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling the link between the simulacra of St Clemente of Palácio Nacional de Queluz and St Fortunato & St Semuc of Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Almada","authors":"Teresa Ferreira,&nbsp;Margarida Nunes,&nbsp;Ana Curto,&nbsp;Ana Manhita,&nbsp;Joana Palmeirão,&nbsp;Luís Piorro","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.06.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.06.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents a comparative osteological, material, and technical investigation of three 18th-century <em>simulacra</em> preserved in Portugal, aiming to clarify their origin, circulation, assembly, and shared workshop practices. Archival documentation and authentication seals confirmed their Roman origin and circulation during the 1770s. Radiocarbon dating places the skeletal remains between the 3rd and 5th centuries, spanning both periods of Christian persecution and subsequent imperial consolidation. Osteological, radiographic, and endoscopic analyses revealed differing anatomical configurations: St Semuc and St Fortunato incorporate remains from multiple non-adult individuals, assembled through deliberate substitution and consolidation practices, whereas St Clemente preserves a largely complete and anatomically coherent skeleton of a probable young adult male. Nevertheless, a similar assemblage for the body was uncovered for all <em>simulacra</em>. Facial modelling relied on silk gauze tiers, stiffened with various organic materials, alone or mixed, including proteinaceous and resin binders, such as collagen-based glues and conifer colophony-type. Imaging-based morphometric analysis was used to explore the weave type, and similar morphometric parameters were estimated, indicating a deliberate and coherent choice of gauze type. Ultimately, SEM-EDS showed that \"false gold\" strips (gilt-silvered-copper strips) were used in the <em>simulacra's</em> helmets. Overall, the interdisciplinary approach evidenced that <em>simulacra</em> were assembled as devotional reliquaries likely in Rome, and that they shared the same workshop or similar workshop practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 397-405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148524334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-efficient methods for reproducing archaeological bronze patinas: New tools for conservation and authentication studies","authors":"Edoardo Tartaglia ,&nbsp;Francesco Abate ,&nbsp;Monica Galeotti ,&nbsp;Andrea Cagnini ,&nbsp;Simone Porcinai ,&nbsp;Enrico Verlato ,&nbsp;Maria Antonietta Baldo ,&nbsp;Chiara Zanardi ,&nbsp;Arianna Traviglia","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reproduction of corrosion <em>patina</em>s observed on copper-based archaeological artefacts is a valuable methodological approach in conservation research, as it allows the systematic study of corrosion processes, material stability, and the efficacy of conservation interventions under controlled conditions. Such reproduction remains challenging due to the complex, multicomponent nature of burial-induced corrosion systems and the extended timescales required to generate representative patinas under laboratory conditions. This study proposes and validates two time-efficient ageing methods for producing representative archaeological bronze mock-ups suitable for analytical characterisation and conservation testing. The first method is an electrochemical protocol, while the second is burial-based and builds upon established knowledge derived from historical counterfeiting processes. The reproduced <em>patina</em>s were analysed in detail both at the surface and stratigraphically, and their characteristics were compared with those of a genuine archaeological copper-based artefact. The electrochemical method yielded compact <em>patina</em>s with a typical cuprite–malachite stratigraphy within only four days, whereas the burial-based approach generated more complex corrosion systems, incorporating soil-derived encrustations and chloride-bearing phases, while still operating on a significantly reduced experimental timescale compared with existing literature. Despite these differences, both methods successfully reproduce key stratigraphic and mineralogical features of archaeological patinas, providing rapid and reproducible mock-ups suitable for conservation research under controlled conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"79 ","pages":"Pages 296-307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147802392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tensile and shear behavior of rammed earth layers with different rammed pit features: A study based on numerical simulation","authors":"Shuai Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenwu Chen ,&nbsp;Chong Wu ,&nbsp;Jingke Zhang ,&nbsp;Kebin Ren ,&nbsp;Haitao Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mechanical behavior of rammed earth layers, which firmly correlates with the interface morphology formed by rammed pits, is a hot topic in the field of earthen heritage site conservation. However, the impact of rammed pit features on the mechanical behavior of rammed earth layers remains insufficiently explored. To fill this research gap, field investigations were conducted on the Ming Great Wall in northwestern China. Based on in-situ data of the interface morphology, nine double-layer rammed earth models with revolution-paraboloid rammed pits (defined by three key features: diameter, depth, and interval) and one flat-interface model (for comparison) were designed. The tensile and shear behavior of all models was analyzed using the finite element method (FLAC3D), with computational parameters partially acquired and validated through physical testing. The main innovations of the research methodology include the consideration of the morphological details of real rammed pits and the characterization of stress responses at key points near the interfaces. The results indicated that rammed pits could enhance the mechanical performance of rammed earth layers. Under uniaxial tension, rammed pits weakened the tendency of interfaces to undergo instantaneous synchronous fracture. Under direct shear, the climbing effect induced by rammed pits (i.e., the tendency of upper and lower layers to climb over curved interface zones) drove shear force transmission to interface-adjacent rammed earth, increasing its proportion in loading participation. The rammed pit depth was the most critical influencing factor for both tensile and shear behavior. These findings offer a theoretical basis for forming the interface morphology, which yields favorable mechanical behavior of rammed earth layers, in heritage site restoration projects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"79 ","pages":"Pages 322-344"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147858222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ours Elsevier","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1296-2074(26)00101-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1296-2074(26)00101-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"79 ","pages":"Page iii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148184286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond pigment: Integrated organic and inorganic analysis of cosmetic residues in pre-Islamic archaeological shells from Southeast Arabia","authors":"Chiara Andrea Lombardi ,&nbsp;Francesca Sabatini ,&nbsp;Michele Degli Esposti ,&nbsp;Andrea Zerboni ,&nbsp;Valeria Comite ,&nbsp;Paolo Lotti ,&nbsp;Gaia Crippa ,&nbsp;Giulia Galli ,&nbsp;Marta Castillejo ,&nbsp;Mohamed Oujja ,&nbsp;Laura Maestro-Guijarro ,&nbsp;Paula María Carmona-Quiroga ,&nbsp;Ana Crespo ,&nbsp;Santiago Sánchez-Cortés ,&nbsp;Paola Fermo","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the results of a multi-analytical strategy implemented to investigate the composition of pigments preserved within the shells of marine bivalves recovered from six archaeological sites from the Late Bronze Age to the 6^th-7^th century CE in the present-day United Arab Emirates. The analysed bivalve specimens contain greenish or blackish materials in the shell interior and according to current archaeological interpretations they have functioned as cosmetic containers in daily life and as grave goods, a hypothesis supported by their recovery in both settlement and burial contexts. Their presence in funerary contexts, however, paired with ethnological observations, suggests these pigments were also endowed with curative powers.</div><div>The main purpose of this study is to characterize the chemical composition of pigments and to assess their compatibility with proposed uses, particularly their potential application in cosmetics, while recognizing that such interpretations cannot be based on chemical data alone and must also rely on contextual archaeological evidence. To achieve this, a suite of complementary analytical techniques was employed. Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy in Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR-FTIR), Raman Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques were used to explore the elemental and mineralogical features of samples while Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) provided insights into organic components, not achievable through inorganic-focused techniques. The results reflect the varying analytical confidence achievable for these complex samples: while the inorganic fraction was robustly characterized, the organic findings remained more constrained. A total of 34 samples were examined and grouped into 2 main categories based on pigment colour: green and black. The green pigments commonly exhibited elevated concentrations of copper, frequently associated with minerals such as atacamite, paratacamite, or brochantite. In contrast, the black pigments revealed the presence of carbon-based black pigments and, in minority cases, Mn-bearing minerals, such as braunite, and organic-based pigments, as bitumen. The fatty acids detected in three green pigments and one black pigment suggest the presence of lipid material of animal origin, possible due to mollusc soft tissue remains, while the use of an adding binder cannot be assessed.</div><div>Overall, the results obtained through this integrated multi-analytical approach, not only improve understanding of the substances stored within malacofaunal containers but also support the hypothesis that at least some of the materials were possibly related to cosmetic practices, allowing for the reconstruction of aspects of daily and ritual life in ancient Magan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"79 ","pages":"Pages 371-383"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147944969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Egyptian blue in etruscan funerary wall paintings: A multi-analytical study from the monterozzi necropolis (tarquinia)","authors":"Annalaura Casanova Municchia ,&nbsp;Gloria Adinolfi ,&nbsp;Alessia Boccuto ,&nbsp;Alessandra Botteon ,&nbsp;David Buti ,&nbsp;Rodolfo Carmagnola ,&nbsp;Maria Catrambone ,&nbsp;Claudia Conti ,&nbsp;Valeria Di Tullio ,&nbsp;Loredana Luvidi ,&nbsp;Sara Mattana ,&nbsp;Costanza Miliani ,&nbsp;Aldo Romani ,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Tomassetti","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.04.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Monterozzi Necropolis in Tarquinia (Italy), a UNESCO World Heritage site, is one of the most important contexts for Etruscan wall painting, with over 100 decorated tombs dating from the 7th to the 3rd century BCE. Despite its significance, the materials and manufacturing techniques of these murals remain partially investigated. To address this, the ARANTH campaign (Archaeometric Research on Ancient Tarquinian Heritage), promoted by PACT (Archaeological Park of Cerveteri and Tarquinia), focuses on identifying and mapping Egyptian blue in five painted tombs. The campaign adopts an interdisciplinary approach integrating multi-analytical and imaging techniques, with the participation of Pegaso S.r.l. (Multispectral and Archaeometric studies on ancient Painting Project) and access to the MOLAB platform of E-RIHS.it (Italian node of the European Research Infrastructure for Heritage Science). The study employed Visible-Induced Infrared Luminescence (VIL), VIS–NIR hyperspectral analysis, point-based visible fluorescence spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), UV–VIS–NIR reflectance spectroscopy, and external reflection FT-IR spectroscopy. Additionally, the stratigraphic analysis of a micro-sample from the Tomba del Barone was thoroughly carried out. The results enabled the identification and mapping of Egyptian blue as both a primary pigment and as in combination with other pigments across green, red, blue, and whitish areas. Notably, a new application of micro-fluorescence in the near-infrared on cross-sections allowed the rapid localization of luminescent grains, which were then unequivocally identified by micro-Raman spectroscopy, providing new insights into the spatial distribution of Egyptian blue within the pictorial layers. Furthermore, in the Tomba del Barone azurite was identified in areas where traces of blue pigment were observed, representing the first documented occurrence of this pigment in Etruscan mural painting and offering novel evidence on pigment use and painting technology in Etruscan funerary contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"79 ","pages":"Pages 345-360"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147858167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a diagnostic protocol for the study of modelling pastes in monumental terracruda sculpture","authors":"Mònica López-Prat ,&nbsp;Domenico Miriello ,&nbsp;Stephane Chaignepain ,&nbsp;Carla Lancelotti ,&nbsp;Lea Legan ,&nbsp;Alessandra Pecci ,&nbsp;Marina Reutova ,&nbsp;Barbara Salvadori ,&nbsp;Caroline Tokarski ,&nbsp;Emma Cantisani","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.04.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents an emerging diagnostic protocol for the study of modelling pastes in monumental <em>terracruda</em> sculpture, a distinctive technological tradition of monumental sculpture in air-dried clay. The study combines some newly acquired analytical data from Uzbek case studies with previously published results, integrating them with textual and ethnographic evidence to establish a diagnostic framework for material characterization and conservation decision-making. The proposed approach builds on a circular process of comparison and feedback between different sources of knowledge (archaeometric analyses, historical textual evidence, and traditional practices) each informing and refining the others. This interdisciplinary synthesis allows the identification of functional and compositional variations within historical examples and provides the basis for interpreting regional and chronological patterns in the production of <em>terracruda</em> sculpture. By formalizing this integrative workflow, the paper aims to define a reproducible methodological framework for future studies and conservation strategies concerning monumental <em>terracruda</em> sculptures preserved in archaeological and historical contexts, as well as dispersed fragments held in museum collections worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"79 ","pages":"Pages 361-370"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147858168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}