Journal of Cultural Heritage最新文献

{"title":"Holographic and seismic comparative modal analysis on Radicofani fortress","authors":"E. Pugliese ,&nbsp;G. Lacanna ,&nbsp;M. Locatelli ,&nbsp;M. Della Schiava ,&nbsp;N. Signorini ,&nbsp;R. Meucci","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.12.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.12.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this article, we performed the modal analysis on historical building Rocca di Radicofani located in Tuscany, Italy. The experimental analysis has been conducted by comparing two techniques: Infrared Digital Holography (IRDH) and the traditional seismic measurements. We show how IRDH is able to detect the same structural frequencies and modal shapes of seismic analysis. IRDH, using a long wavelength laser radiation (10.6 µm), allows to accurately monitor large area of buildings without the need to physically access the structures. The remarkable sensitivity (∼0.1 µm) and the capacity to work remotely make the holographic technique significant promise in the field of structural dynamics, especially for buildings with architectural or historical constraints or in case of damaged building. In addition, the ability of the holographic technique to detect the modal parameters can be used to monitor their evolution in time in order to verify the structural health of historical structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"72 ","pages":"Pages 36-41"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143274302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flora by Francesco Melzi from the state hermitage museum: Examination of the painting technique and materials","authors":"Kamilla B. Kalinina ,&nbsp;Maria V. Shulepova ,&nbsp;Alexander I. Revelsky","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.12.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.12.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The conservation of Francesco Melzi's <em>Flora</em> from the collection of the State Hermitage Museum permitted an in-depth physical–chemical study of the materials. A combined study of paint cross-sections using polarized light microscopy (PLM) and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) allowed a detailed identification of the original and later restoration materials. In particular, it is likely that the original ground was chalk. Investigations of the pigment composition showed that Melzi used lead white, natural earths, red lake, vermilion and lead–tin yellow type I. Lapis lazuli was the only blue pigment, being detected in the blue drapery of Flora and in green leaves of the fern in the upper left corner of the painting, where it was used in a mixture with lead white and lead-tin yellow type I. An analysis of the sample stratigraphy of the Flora face in the shadow suggested the artist employed the sfumato technique. Binding media and other organic compounds were studied by means of thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (THM-Py-GC/MS). It was discovered that the artist probably used poppyseed oil for the main paint layers, but egg was found in the outermost very thin white layer of Flora's clothing. The original and restoration varnishes contain a mixture of different resins and drying oil. The materials which Russian restorer Fyodor Tabuntsov used to make the transfer ground during his transposition of the painting from panel to canvas were lead white and walnut oil. It was revealed that the initial design on Flora's attire was different from the present one: a red geometric pattern was later changed to a yellow floral motif.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"72 ","pages":"Pages 1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143274298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The “Black Panther”: A multi-analytical study on the statue of the football player Eusébio da Silva Ferreira","authors":"Ana Catarina Pinheiro ,&nbsp;Mathilda Larsson Coutinho ,&nbsp;Carlo Bottaini ,&nbsp;Marius Araújo ,&nbsp;Vera Pires ,&nbsp;Bárbara Campos Maia ,&nbsp;Joana Madureira ,&nbsp;Filipa Pereira","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.12.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.12.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The iconic Eusébio da Silva Ferreira statue attracts a lot of attention from Sport Lisboa e Benfica Football fans and fans worldwide who, eager to show their affection and respect for the player, touch and pose with the statue, a proximity that the sports Club promotes and encourages. The statue (classified as a bronze but the alloy was not known) is in a good state of conservation but localised signs of possible corrosion – visible green/blue, orange and white stains - appear intermittently and an alteration to the original position of the statue leaves a cloud of uncertainty when it comes to its physical stability. To address these questions a multi-analytical combined approach was devised with the use of portable equipment (digital microscope, h-XRF, 3D scanner and a Pundit PL-200) and laboratory techniques (µXRD, µRaman and VP-SEM-EDS). Contrary to what was previously thought, the sculpture was produced using a ternary Cu–Sn–Zn alloy rich in Pb. The coloured deposits analysed revealed the presence of Cu, Fe and Zn which translates into active corrosion that needs to be closely monitored. Other deposits are due to atmospheric debris. Copper phthalocyanine, a blue-green pigment was identified which may be related to the patina. The ultrasound technique has allowed the determination of the relative thickness of the statue but fell short of determining the actual position of a sustaining inner rod. Further studies are needed to address this issue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"72 ","pages":"Pages 13-23"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143274297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential and limitations of adhesive identification on museum curated metal objects","authors":"Tabea J. Koch ,&nbsp;Sophia Adams ,&nbsp;Melanie Giles ,&nbsp;Aimée Little ,&nbsp;Francesco Palmas ,&nbsp;Frederik W. Rademakers ,&nbsp;Martine Regert ,&nbsp;Yohann Thomas ,&nbsp;Rebecca Stacey","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.12.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.12.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Europe, adhesives were produced and employed from the Middle Palaeolithic onwards. In the earlier periods, adhesives were used predominantly for hafting tools and weapons, but their functionality evolved with the advent of ceramic technologies, with use widening to pottery repair and ornamentation. Limited attention has been directed towards their application in metalwork. It is unclear whether the scarcity of adhesives described in association with metal is due to preservation factors, such as corrosion-related issues, or to a research emphasis on other materials associated with metalwork such as coral, amber, and glass. To address this issue, we conducted chemical analyses including gas chromatography – mass spectrometry on 18 adhesive residues present on 15 objects from France and England dated from the mid first millennium BCE to the first century CE. These artefacts include jewellery, vessels, harness fittings and weaponry components. Our findings suggest that a range of adhesives were employed in assembling and applying decoration to diverse types of metal objects. These include birch tar and conifer resins, also bitumen and possibly beeswax, which have not been reported before. However, the application of waxes in past conservation practices introduces challenges that can potentially constrain the interpretation of molecular analyses. Our results have implications for the understanding of the adhesive technologies, and illustrate the potential of identifying adhesives linked to metal ornamentation. They further demonstrate the widening application of long-established adhesive technologies within the framework of increasingly complex craft specialisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 358-369"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raman spectroscopy and SERS: Recent advances in cultural heritage diagnostics and the potential use of anisotropic metal nanostructures","authors":"Rosaceleste Zumpano ,&nbsp;Federica Simonetti ,&nbsp;Chiara Genova ,&nbsp;Franco Mazzei ,&nbsp;Gabriele Favero","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.12.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Raman and Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopies (SERS) are among the foremost non-destructive techniques for material characterization in cultural heritage research. SERS, in particular, stands out for its remarkable signal enhancement and ability to mitigate fluorescence interference, making it a valuable tool embraced by researchers across the field. Central to this enhancement are metallic nanostructures, with their effects finely tuned by variations in shape, size, and metal type. Anisotropic nanostructures—such as nanostars, nanoflowers, and nanocubes—are especially compelling due to their capacity to amplify SERS hotspots and intensify plasmonic bands, positioning them at the frontier of scientific interest. Nevertheless, the application of anisotropic nanostructures in cultural heritage SERS analyses remains relatively untapped, with only a few recent studies venturing into this promising area. This review provides a focused overview of metal nanostructure properties, highlighting the unique benefits that anisotropic designs offer in advancing SERS analyses for cultural heritage materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 282-301"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CuTA/APT@APGQAS/B72 nanocomposite protective coatings: Adapting to life in an outdoor mural environment","authors":"Junli Liu ,&nbsp;Tinglong He ,&nbsp;Hua Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuguang Tian ,&nbsp;Hui Liu ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Zhu ,&nbsp;AiPing Hui ,&nbsp;Aiqin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.12.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.12.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Light pollution, microbial colonization, and water have all resulted in many harmful occurrences for cultural heritage, which makes it urgent to protect them. This research has been focused on the preparation of high-efficient antimicrobial nanocomposite protective coatings for mural artifacts. The protective coating elaborated in this work are intended to have multifunctional properties (Antimicrobial properties, UV resistance, water vapour permeability). Therefore, this study synthesized CuTA loaded attapulgite@dodecyl glycoside quaternary ammonium salt (CuTA/APT@APGQAS) nanocomposites by the sol-gel method. Then, the CuTA/APT@APGQAS nanocomposites were dispersed in Paraloid B-72 and applied as multifunctional protective coatings to simulate mural. The optimal additions on the simulated frescoes were evaluated by means of different experimental analyses: chromatic measurements, UV–visible transmittance, water vapour permeability, antimicrobial activities, and transmission electron microscopy analysis combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM-EDS). The findings demonstrated that, at low concentrations (2 mg/mL), the inhibition rates of CuTA/APT@APGQAS nanocomposites against <em>E. coli</em> and <em>S. aureus</em> were 99.99 % and 98.76 %, respectively. CuTA/APT@APGQAS/B72 composite film was deemed an effective protective film due to its excellent water vapour permeability, UV shielding, and antibacterial capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 431-439"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Color reconstruction by photometric stereo with unknown lighting of rock art carvings found in two Sardinian Domus de Janas","authors":"Elisa Crabu ,&nbsp;Federica Pes ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Giuseppa Tanda","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.12.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.12.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artifacts documentation is an important aspect of archaeological studies, not only to preserve these objects but also to learn from them the culture of ancient populations. Hence, the necessity to digitally document and archive artifacts that come from our ancestors. This work can be done with more ease for artifacts as vases, potsherds, or little handmade objects, that can be brought in a laboratory. It is more complicate for rock art carvings, that can not be moved from their original location. The photometric stereo technique allows to obtain the three-dimensional digital reconstruction of an object starting from a set of pictures taken with different lighting conditions. When the method is applied to some experimental datasets, computational problems may occur, due to the fact that some assumptions of the model are not verified: rocks are not Lambertian surfaces in general, and the light sources may not be positioned at a sufficient distance from the object. We deal with these issues by introducing numerical indicators of ideality that allow to figure out if a given dataset is reliable and which images should be selected to better reproduce the object. In this paper, we will show the application of this method to the 3D reconstruction of some engravings found in two <em>Domus de Janas</em>, ancient tombs located in Sardinia, Italy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 320-327"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of mucilages efficacy in the removal of a natural adhesive (gacha) from a canvas by ATR – FTIR. First results","authors":"Marina Palma Prieto ,&nbsp;Marta Pérez-Estébanez ,&nbsp;Sonia Santos Gómez ,&nbsp;José Manuel de la Roja ,&nbsp;Carmen Ahedo Pino","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.11.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.11.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nowadays the use of gelled systems to remove natural glues from cultural artefacts is very common, as they allow the application of controlled humidity to sensitive surfaces. These cleaning systems can be of natural or synthetic origin. The simplest gelled systems are made by adding a gelling agent (such us Laponite® RD, xanthan gum or agar-agar) to the cleaning agent.</div><div>The aim of this research is to evaluate, using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR), the efficacy of hydrogels prepared from three commercial natural mucilages: guar, locust bean and konjac, in removing <em>gacha</em> from the reverse side of a canvas, and following the nowadays tendence that try to use eco-sustainable and bio-renewable cleaning materials. <em>Gacha</em> is an adhesive, made commonly with flour and animal glue as the main ingredients, used to line canvas paintings. The gels prepared were characterised by means of pH, electrical conductivity (EC), viscosity and aqueous phase release capacity. For this study, a mock-up of the canvas and the adhesive was prepared. Two application methods for the gels were tested: direct application and indirect using a physical barrier, with contact times of 15 and 30 min. The suitability of the mucilages in the elimination of the natural adhesive has been related to the decrease of the content of <em>gacha</em> on one side, and to the absence of gel residues after the cleaning process on the other, both parameters evaluated with ATR-FTIR analysis complemented with microscopic observations. The obtained results indicated that the removal of <em>gacha</em> was more effective with direct application, regardless of the mucilage used. On the other hand, mucilage residues are, in general, not significant, although in the case of direct application of guar and konjac for 15 min and locust bean and konjac for 30 min, the presence of mucilages traces were detected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 153-164"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deterioration mechanism of vegetable tanned leather revealed by proteomics and structural analysis","authors":"Yichang Li ,&nbsp;Hui Si ,&nbsp;Chao Zhang ,&nbsp;Hao Chen ,&nbsp;Bing Xu ,&nbsp;Hailiang Yang ,&nbsp;Yang Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhiqin Peng ,&nbsp;Bing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.12.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.12.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Leather deterioration process and mechanism are crucial for the rescue, conservation treatment and preventive conservation of archaeological leather, however, comprehensive research in this field is scarce and urgently needed. In this work, the deterioration behavior of artificially aged vegetable-tanned sheep leathers prepared using ancient traditional tanning methods was systematically investigated from multiple perspectives. The deterioration resulted in darkening of the leather color, weight loss of up to 25 %, reduction of mechanical strength, thermal stability and a decrease in hydroxyproline content of approximately 40 %. Combining proteomics and morphology, a new model for the leather hierarchical structural deterioration based on the molecular level was proposed. Collagen alpha-1(I) chain, collagen alpha-2(I) chain and collagen alpha-1(III) chain degraded dramatically under the action of high temperature, leading to the collapse of the triple helix structure, which caused distortions and breaks of the fibrils. As a result, the collagen fiber bundles became tangled and bifurcated, leading to the orderly and tough collagen fiber network becoming disordered and dried out. In addition, a novel quantifiable indicator for assessing the degree of leather deterioration based on hydroxyproline content was proposed. These findings provide new insights into the study of deterioration mechanism and preventive conservation of archaeological leather excavated in dry areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 382-391"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ecology of microbiome on cultural relics: The linkage of assembly, composition and biodeterioration","authors":"Shudong Ding ,&nbsp;Wenjing Liu ,&nbsp;Xin Li ,&nbsp;Youzhi Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.12.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.12.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The process of microbial deterioration leads to irreversible damage to cultural relics, weakening their capacity for preserving human civilization. Previous studies have focused primarily on descriptions of the composition, diversity, and metabolisms of microbial communities associated with relics. However, owing to the influence of community assembly on composition and ecological functions and to formulate preservation strategies for relics, it is imperative to understand the assembly of microbial communities and their emergent ecological functions. In this respect, this study uses ecological niche theory and neutral process theory to delineate the interactions among the assembly processes, species composition, and ecological functions of microbial communities within Qinling Mausoleum (one of the two mausoleums of the Southern Tang Dynasty). Our results indicate that deterministic processes reduce the diversity of bacterial communities, thereby enhancing the multifunctionality and metabolic activity related to biodeterioration. The bacterial community in the middle of the mausoleum was dominated by deterministic processes, and amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and lipid metabolism were elevated. Thus, the middle community was more likely to produce organic and inorganic acids that eroded the brick. In this context, deterministic processes increase the potential risk of biodeterioration of the brick in the Qinling Mausoleum. This highly interactive cascade underscores the role of microbial community assembly in predicting the intensity of biodeterioration within mausoleum environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 412-418"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}