Journal of Cultural Heritage最新文献

{"title":"Recolonization dynamics of lichens after biocidal treatments: A limitation in the spreading of water-based solutions beneath thalli as species-specific influencing factor","authors":"Marta Cicardi ,&nbsp;Enrica Matteucci ,&nbsp;Greta Rao-Torres ,&nbsp;Marie Claire Canepa ,&nbsp;Daniele Castelli ,&nbsp;Simona Ferrando ,&nbsp;Samuel Antonietti ,&nbsp;Francesca Piqué ,&nbsp;Sergio E. Favero-Longo","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recolonisation by lichens of recently cleaned heritage surfaces is a major issue for conservation, but subtending processes were only partially unveiled, particularly with respect to species with a low potential of propagule dispersal, for which a rapid ingress from external sources is rather unlikely. In this work, recolonisation by lichen species of Megasporaceae and Verrucariaceae was investigated on the marble balustrades of two residences of the Royal House of Savoy (UNESCO-WHS 823bis; NW Italy), cleaned approx. 20 and 12 years ago, respectively. The work aimed to verify if (i) lichen recolonisation started immediately after the conservation interventions and if (ii) this may depend on a scarce effectiveness of devitalization treatments. With regard to this latter point, a possible specific resilience due to a high depth of hyphal penetration within the substrate and/or a limitation in the biocide spread and penetration beneath thalli -due to stone properties and/or a lichen-related effect- were experimentally evaluated. The calculation of growth rates and minimum age of thalli on the balustrades indicated that recolonisation started immediately after the conservation interventions. Blocks of marble from the ancient quarry sites were used to verify the spread and penetration of water-based solutions, mimicking those of quaternary ammonium salt biocides, in presence and absence of Megasporaceae and Verrucariaceae lichens. Lichen cover was shown to influence the capillary water absorption, but the depth reached by the water-based solution (visualised with fluorescein dye) was still higher than that of hyphal penetration structures. On the other hand, some hydrophobic volumes were detected just beneath/below lichen thalli. The applications of water-based biocides do not likely affect lichen structures observed in these rock volumes, which may thus act as viable remnants rapidly starting recolonisation process. Such scenario may thus account for the frequent occurrence of species of Megasporaceae and Verrucariaceae, having a low potential of propagule dispersal, on recently cleaned marble heritage surfaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"73 ","pages":"Pages 454-464"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of selected driers on the curing kinetics, thermodynamics, and molecular features of commercial artists' oil paints","authors":"Silvia Pizzimenti ,&nbsp;Giulia Caroti ,&nbsp;Luca Bernazzani ,&nbsp;Jacopo La Nasa ,&nbsp;Elena Pulidori ,&nbsp;Amedeo Franco Bonatti ,&nbsp;Carmelo De Maria ,&nbsp;Guy Van Assche ,&nbsp;Francesca Martini ,&nbsp;Marco Geppi ,&nbsp;Ulysses Jackson ,&nbsp;Celia Duce ,&nbsp;Ilaria Bonaduce","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study investigates the impact of various metal-based driers on the curing process of commercial artists’ oil paints, focusing on drying time, curing kinetics, molecular structure, and mechanical properties of the final paint film. Six custom-made formulations with different metal-based driers (calcium, zirconium, cobalt, cobalt with calcium, and cobalt with manganese) were tested. Results showed that cobalt-containing driers significantly reduced drying time, while calcium and zirconium had a moderate effect. Cobalt combined with calcium further decreased the drying time, whereas manganese slightly increased it. Depending on the drier and/or driers’ combination the curing kinetic and thermodynamic are influenced. Cobalt-based driers increase surface polarity and promote inhomogeneous cross-linking density. All driers had an influence on the mechanical properties of the paint films: after three years of natural ageing paint layers containing driers are stiffer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"73 ","pages":"Pages 465-475"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MSD-Det: Masonry structures damage detection dataset for preventive conservation of heritage","authors":"Lingege Long ,&nbsp;Zhenkun Gan ,&nbsp;Zhaoyi Liu ,&nbsp;Benyun Zhao ,&nbsp;Qingxiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For large and complex heritage masonry structures, preventive conservation reduces structural deterioration, reinforces cultural features, and enhances heritage value. Inspection and monitoring are the first steps of preventive conservation. However, the traditional manual visual inspection has limitations in terms of time and labor costs. Deep learning-based visual defect detection methods can provide an accurate and efficient solution for inspection and monitoring. The need for high-quality object-level datasets limits the application of deep learning in the preventive conservation of heritage masonry structures. Therefore, this study develops and releases a large-scale, high-resolution, multi-scene inspection MSD-Det dataset for heritage masonry damage detection. MSD-Det has 1082 high-resolution images, covering a wide range of heritage masonry structure types and including 7 common damage categories (cracks, fabric loss of masonry units, surface dissolution, efflorescence, discoloration, plant and moss). 17 deep learning object detection algorithms are applied to evaluate the accuracy, speed, and robustness of the dataset to validate the feasibility of the dataset, and real experiments on the Great Wall of Beijing's Panglong Mountain are conducted to confirm the practicality of MSD-Det dataset further. Compared with the existing datasets, MSD-Det extends the data quantity, improves the data quality, and encompasses a broader range of damage categories, contributing to a large-scale open detection dataset, which lays a solid foundation for advancing preventive preservation techniques and methods for heritage masonry structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"73 ","pages":"Pages 358-370"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143885991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural properties of 19th century phonograph discs by photogrammetry and terahertz imaging","authors":"Sneha Unnikrishnan ,&nbsp;Luciano D’Aleo ,&nbsp;Corinna Ranzi ,&nbsp;Marcella Ioele ,&nbsp;Natalia Macro ,&nbsp;Mauro Missori","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates two types of phonograph discs from the 1930s to 1960s, conserved at the Institute for Sound and Audiovisual Heritage (ICBSA) in Rome, Italy: Durium cardboard discs and instantaneous discs (Decelith and lacquer). Durium discs, composed of synthetic resorcinol-formaldehyde resin on a cardboard substrate, often exhibit bending deformations due to aging and environmental factors, rendering them unreadable on standard turntables. Attempts to mitigate these deformations by gluing a secondary cardboard layer to their backs resulted in further deformations over time. Instantaneous discs, such as Decelith (polyvinyl chloride) and lacquer (metal base coated with cellulose esters), also face preservation challenges like plasticizer migration, cracks, and deformation. Two non-invasive techniques were employed to address these issues. THz time-domain spectroscopy measured layer thickness, and Structure from Motion-Multi-View Stereo (SfM-MVS) photogrammetry analyzed Durium disc deformations, even on featureless, reflective surfaces. Photogrammetry revealed that Durium discs exhibited bending deformations, with deviations from planarity of up to 2 cm, which worsened after the removal of the glued secondary cardboard. Applying a central weight effectively reduced deformation to within 2 mm. THz imaging associated Durium disc deformation with thinner resin layers (0.20–0.25 mm). The Decelith disc were thinner at the edges and thicker near the center (1–1.3 mm), while lacquer disc showed inhomogeneous dielectric layers (0.14–0.28 mm), thicker at the edges most likely due to centrifugal deposition of liquid resin. This study provides valuable insights into material composition, degradation, and historical production techniques, informing conservation strategies critical to preserving phonograph discs and ensuring access to their sound heritage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"73 ","pages":"Pages 434-442"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoparticle-enabled rapid detection of microbial threats to Sanxingdui ancient ivories","authors":"Ningkang Xie ,&nbsp;Qianhe Zhang ,&nbsp;Xin Li ,&nbsp;Sifan Li ,&nbsp;Chaojian Xu ,&nbsp;Letong Li ,&nbsp;Liping Zhu ,&nbsp;Yuan Gao ,&nbsp;Juxin Yin ,&nbsp;Li Xie ,&nbsp;Yufen Jin ,&nbsp;Youshi Wang ,&nbsp;Shuo Yang ,&nbsp;Chong Wang ,&nbsp;Shaowu Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The water-filled ancient ivory relics unearthed at the Sanxingdui site face a terrible risk of disappearing due to microbial degradation, which affects the structural integrity of the relics. In response to this pressing conservation crisis, a nanotechnology-based Visual Microbiome detection (VMD-Nano) has been developed using the properties of gold nanorods (AuNRs) and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to quickly and accurately identify harmful microorganisms on artifacts. VMD-Nano system adopts visual colorimetric detection method and recombinant enzyme polymerase amplification (RPA) technology to rapidly detect the genome of the target microorganism, and adjusts the etching degree of AuNRs by using the shielding effect of nucleic acid molecules on the peroxidase-like activity of MNPs, thus showing obvious colorimetric changes. As a proof of concept, our proposed method successfully visualized the detection of 6 typical microorganisms within 30 min, and verified the stability of the method in 50 groups of actual samples. The feasibility of the method is verified by the actual ancient ivory samples. This rapid visual detection method provides a promising detection method for on-site monitoring of microbial degradation of cultural relics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"73 ","pages":"Pages 393-399"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing provenance and provenience of human remains in swiss museum collections","authors":"Gino Caspari ,&nbsp;Danja Zimmermann ,&nbsp;Sandra Lösch ,&nbsp;Sönke Szidat ,&nbsp;Oskar Kaelin ,&nbsp;Isabel Keller ,&nbsp;Rahel Wille ,&nbsp;Marco Milella","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The provenance and provenience of human remains in museum collections have long posed challenges due to historical practices of acquisition and often insufficient documentation. Here we present a multidisciplinary investigation into mummified remains from the Bern History Museum (BHM), Switzerland in order to elucidate the changing practices in museum anthropology. We use archival research, radiocarbon dating, bioanthropological analysis, and imaging techniques, to approach provenance and provenience. Despite comprehensive methods, uncertainty regarding provenience persists, underscoring the impact of historical exploitation on the integrity of archaeological knowledge. We emphasize the significance of revising terminologies in museum documentation to humanize mummified remains, promoting a respectful engagement with the past while addressing the complexities of their acquisition and preservation in a specific historical context. We show a potential process for addressing ethical concerns in handling and studying human remains in Switzerland, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration for scientifically robust and culturally sensitive research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"73 ","pages":"Pages 543-548"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Titanium dioxide-based nanocoating to conservation of rigid PUR foams on cultural heritage","authors":"Diana B.D. Simões,&nbsp;Raquel S. Mauler,&nbsp;Tales S. Daitx","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Several studies have investigated the conservation of polymers, as rigid polyurethane (PUR) foams, in cultural heritage. These materials are highly susceptible to various environmental conditions within museum environment, including hydrolytic, thermal, and photo-oxidative processes, affecting its structural stability and promotes discoloration and/or yellowing. In response to these challenges, this research proposes the development of nanocoatings based on titanium dioxide surface functionalization with different organosilanes to protect artworks from degradation processes caused by the museum environmental conditions. For this, two surface modifiers were employed: (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane, that enhances chemical affinity with the foam; and (n-octyl)triethoxysilane, that contributes to increase the hydrophobicity of the samples. The functionalization reactions involved varying ratio of organosilanes, and the spectroscopic and thermal analyzes confirmed the successful modifications. Subsequently, the modified titanium dioxides particles were added to a surface of rigid PUR foam based on polyether and polyester using an ethanol dispersion. The nanocoated samples then were submitted to an artificial aging process in a climatic chamber under controlled temperature, humidity, and exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Comparative evaluations were conducted before and after treatment, employing visual, morphological, spectroscopic, and dynamical mechanical analyzes. The results demonstrated that the different formulations exhibited good surface adhesion to the foam and effectively limited visual degradation while preserving the foam’s properties. These findings serve as a promising starting point for the development of innovative approaches to preserve PUR artistic works.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"73 ","pages":"Pages 400-408"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRMrp: An ontology to support the digital documentation of the conservation and restoration practice","authors":"Maria Carmeliti,&nbsp;Chiara Eva Catalano","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Restoration is the moment when a work of art is rediscovered and becomes part of its history. For this reason, the numerous data that usually accompany each intervention must be archived, structured, and shared among different practitioners in the domain of conservation of cultural heritage. This sector is moving towards a complete digitisation and then the generated information is wide, complex and heterogeneous: data are not only textual, such as restoration projects and reports, but also include diagnostic analysis results, photographs obtained by archaeometric investigations, photogrammetric datasets and 3D models, vector graphs and information related to the history of the considered artwork. The main aim of this research is to provide a sound methodology for the digital documentation of the restoration process. The contribution is twofold. On the one hand, a specific restoration knowledge organisation system has been defined to support data classification, based on international regulations and vocabularies. On the other hand, the CRMrp ontology has been realised, based on CIDOC CRM and specifically designed to represent all the restoration activities carried out on an artwork throughout its life cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"73 ","pages":"Pages 443-453"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro-PIXE analysis of metal archaeological pieces from Torre Monreal necropolis","authors":"M․Dolores Ynsa ,&nbsp;Silvia Viñals ,&nbsp;Rita Pestana ,&nbsp;Berta Balduz ,&nbsp;Victoria Corregidor ,&nbsp;Joaquín Barrio","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2019, the Torre Monreal necropolis was discovered in the urban centre of Tudela, in the north of Spain (Navarra). This Islamic necropolis has a great amount of graves with rich funeral's dowries, therefore it is of a high archaeological and historical interest. In this work, in order to determine the elemental concentration of different objects, mainly metallic pieces such as rings, earrings, necklaces, belt buckles, etc., have been analysed by Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) using the external microbeam line at CMAM (Centro de Microanálisis de Materiales in Madrid). Most of the metallic objects with a gilded look exhibit Au concentrations higher than 50 %, Ag and Hg levels close to 20 %, and low or trace concentrations of other elements such as Cu or Fe. The elemental concentration of these pieces has been compared with data from other Islamic piece from the Andalusian city, Qalat-Rabah (Calatrava la Vieja) collection which correspond to the same historic medieval period, 13th – 15th century.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"73 ","pages":"Pages 419-425"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical learning methods applied to stratigraphic and pottery data: An aid to establishing archaeological periodisation","authors":"Lise Bellanger ,&nbsp;Arthur Coulon ,&nbsp;Philippe Husi","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronology, and hence periodisation of archaeological sites according to the major transformations that affect them, is an essential prerequisite for any historical discourse. The main sources that can be used to establish this periodisation, the temporality of archaeological sites, are (i) stratigraphy, which corresponds to the succession of anthropic levels at the origin of the construction of a relative chronology, and (ii) archaeological material, and more specifically pottery that is omnipresent in excavations, with a typology that evolves rapidly over time; these two factors make pottery a highly valuable chronological source. This work presents an original interdisciplinary approach in which archaeology and statistics work together to produce a periodisation using pottery and stratigraphy. We apply this approach to data collected in the mythic city of Angkor Thom (Cambodia), capital of the Khmer Empire between the 9th and 15th centuries. The first step in the process is to construct stable, interpretable pottery facies using a compromise-based clustering approach. In the second step, the predictions provided by supervised classification models make it possible to integrate less reliable pottery assemblages that are essential to the overall construction of the chronological model of the Angkor Thom city. Our approach offers the advantage of automatically processing large volumes of data and integrating uncertainty into the forecasts obtained for the least chronologically reliable sets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"73 ","pages":"Pages 488-497"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}