Journal of Cultural Heritage最新文献

{"title":"ours Elsevier","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1296-2074(26)00190-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1296-2074(26)00190-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"81 ","pages":"Page iv"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148958772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Bioconsolidation potential of indigenous microbial communities in hypogeal environments” [Journal of Cultural Heritage 79 (2026) 128–137]","authors":"Francesca Benedetti, Maria João Penetra, Matilde Kratter, António Candeias, Maria Cristina Tomassetti, Daniele Federico Maras, Angela Cirigliano, Ana Teresa Caldeira, Teresa Rinaldi","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.06.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.06.023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"81 ","pages":"Page 417"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148958773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"17th-century copies of a 15th-century early Netherlandish painting uncovered through technical and art-historical research","authors":"Jan Verheyen,&nbsp;Guusje Harteveld,&nbsp;David Lainé,&nbsp;Inez van der Werf,&nbsp;Marta Domínguez-Delmás","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies of Early Netherlandish panel paintings have long implemented techniques such as dendrochronology, pigment analysis and infrared reflectography. However, knowledge about the production of workshop replicas from fifteenth century paintings, and later copies, remains limited. As a result, the attribution of such paintings poses a challenge to art historians. Here, we present a multidisciplinary investigation into two copies of an Early Netherlandish panel painting attributed to the fifteenth-century Flemish painter Pieter Cristus (or Petrus Christus), active in Bruges (Belgium) between c. 1445 and 1460 CE. Earlier research dated these works to the late 15th century based on dendrochronology and pigment analysis, although alternative hypotheses suggested a 17th-century origin or even modern forgery. To resolve this debate, we applied dendrochronology, radiocarbon dating, MA-XRF, infrared reflectography, Raman spectroscopy, and stylistic analysis. The new dendrochronological results, supported by radiocarbon dating, proved key in refuting the hypothesis of the 15th-century date, revealing that the trees were cut around the mid-17th century. Furthermore, while the pigments identified were largely consistent with 15th-century painting practices, the stylistic characteristics and the presence of the inscription “I.P.C” (<em>invenit Petrus Cristi</em>) in one of the paintings supports a production in the mid-17th century or shortly afterwards. These findings challenge the reliability of earlier dendrochronological assessments and illustrate that pigment analysis alone cannot securely date paintings, as historical materials and techniques persisted over time. Overall, our research highlights the practice of copying Early Netherlandish paintings in the 17th-century and the importance of integrated technical and art-historical approaches for accurate attribution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"81 ","pages":"Pages 382-393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148854073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An archaeometric study of blue smalt pigment in a mid-renaissance illuminated manuscript: characterisation, production and uses","authors":"Evgenia Kougka,&nbsp;Mathilda Larsson-Coutinho,&nbsp;Silvia Bottura-Scardina,&nbsp;Andreia Ruivo,&nbsp;Márcia Vilarigues,&nbsp;Herant Khanjian,&nbsp;Antónia Fialho Conde,&nbsp;Catarina Miguel","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.07.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.07.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on the remarkable identification of a blue smalt pigment in the recently discovered illuminated manuscript BPE LC4, held at the Public Library of Évora, Portugal. The finding was made during a field survey aimed at clarifying the manuscript’s authorship, origin, date of production, and decoration techniques. Some of its blue-illuminated capital letters were found to contain smalt, a vivid blue, cobalt-rich glass pigment. Although smalt had been used in Portuguese easel painting by the 16th century, its presence in manuscript illumination is rare and had not previously been documented for Portuguese examples. To explore this finding, a multi-analytical approach combining handheld X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (h-EDXRF), fibre optic reflectance spectroscopy (FORS), visible-near infrared hyperspectral imaging (Vis-NIR HSI), and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) enabled comprehensive chemical characterisation of the blue pigment, mapping its distribution and assessing its stability over time. Historically accurate reproductions were synthesised based on late medieval to early modern smalt-making recipes. The primary sources enabled the successful preparation of smalt, and comparison of the historical samples with historically accurate reconstructions, analysed using the same multi-analytical approach, provided insights into pigment manufacture and refined the manuscript’s dating. The analyses indicated the use of a potassium–cobalt glass pigment with an elemental profile (Co, Ni, Fe, As) consistent with ores from Saxony, situating BPE LC4 within broader European trade networks for artistic materials during the Renaissance. Experimental reproductions of historical recipes showed that pigment quality depended on careful control of raw materials and particle fineness, with Milanesi’s transmitted recipe producing the closest match to the historical smalt from BPE LC4. These findings shed new light on the material choices and technical practices of Portuguese Renaissance illuminators, placing the BPE LC4 within the cultural and artistic networks of mid-16th-century Évora, and highlight the circulation of materials and technical knowledge from Saxon mines to Iberian workshops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"81 ","pages":"Pages 327-337"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148854753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable cleaning method for the reducing of complex soiling on dyed silk fabric using cross-linked polymers as gel system","authors":"Heba Saad,&nbsp;Abdelrahman Elserogy,&nbsp;Eman Osman,&nbsp;Neven Kamal,&nbsp;Wael Sabry Mohamed","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dyed silk fabrics in museum collections are highly susceptible to staining and degradation due to their delicate proteinaceous structure and sensitivity to surround factors. Recent conservation studies have highlighted that gel-based systems, although designed to limit solvent penetration, may still alter dyed substrates depending on formulation, pH, contact time, and dye chemistry. Reactive dyes on protein fibers are particularly sensitive to changes in moisture and temperature, which may enhance dye migration. Consequently, systematic evaluation of gel parameters is essential prior to their application on significant dyed textiles.</div><div>In this study, a sustainable cleaning approach was developed for the reduction of complex stains on dyed silk fabrics using cross-linked polymer gels as gel systems. Comparison Practical stain reduction tests with mock-ups used gellan gel and polyacrylamide gel systems loaded with protease enzyme for the reduction of animal glue stains, while decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) was separately incorporated into both polymers for the reduction of ink pen stains.</div><div>Artificially stained and thermally aged dyed silk textile mock-ups (zero ageing-72 h-144 h) were treated under controlled conditions, and their cleaning performance was assessed under different dwell times (30, 60 and 90 min) using colorimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM–EDX), and measurements of swelling and solubility of the applied polymers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"81 ","pages":"Pages 338-350"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148854070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A methodological protocol for the generation and evaluation of AI-generated cultural heritage content","authors":"Alejandro Galindo-Durán,&nbsp;Cristina Prego de Oliver-López,&nbsp;César Bernal-Bravo","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.08.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.08.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing use of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) in cultural heritage dissemination has outpaced the development of rigorous procedures to ensure historical accuracy, formal coherence, and educational reliability. This article proposes a methodological protocol for the generation and evaluation of AI-generated cultural heritage content, with a particular focus on image-based representations. To establish the need for such a protocol, a bibliometric review of literature published between 2020 and 2025 in Web of Science and Scopus was conducted, confirming the absence of a comprehensive and replicable framework specifically designed to assess the historical veracity of AI-generated heritage imagery. The proposed protocol integrates four components: (1) a standardised image-generation procedure based on zero-shot prompting and first-output selection; (2) an interdisciplinary expert evaluation instrument comprising 12 items organised into five analytical dimensions; (3) an automated multimodal validation layer designed to contrast human and AI-based assessments; and (4) a predefined analytical plan encompassing internal consistency, inter-rater agreement, descriptive statistics, and qualitative thematic analysis. Rather than presenting empirical findings, the article offers a reproducible framework intended to support future comparative studies and professional applications in heritage communication, education, and digital dissemination. This article offers a reproducible framework intended to support future comparative studies and professional applications in heritage communication, education, and digital dissemination. The proposed protocol aims to reduce the risks of misinformation, enhance methodological transparency, and promote historically grounded uses of GenAI in cultural heritage contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"81 ","pages":"Pages 370-381"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148854069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustained-release inclusion complex of carvacrol–citronellal essential oils for dual control of bookworms and molds in paper cultural relics","authors":"Qian Jiao,&nbsp;Chenshu Liu,&nbsp;Shuangshuang Li,&nbsp;Qingxia Meng,&nbsp;Songbin Ben","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paper cultural relics are highly susceptible to biodeterioration during storage. Damage caused by bookworms weakens paper structures and promotes secondary mold infestation, accelerating deterioration. Conventional control methods rely heavily on chemical biocides; however, their repeated use may lead to pest resistance, environmental pollution, health risks, and potential secondary damage to cultural relic materials. Numerous plant-derived essential oils have therefore attracted increasing attention as green alternatives due to their biodegradability, low mammalian toxicity, and broad-spectrum bioactivity. Nevertheless, their practical application is often limited by high volatility and short persistence on material surfaces. In this study, the plant essential oils carvacrol and citronellal were investigated as environmentally friendly agents for the simultaneous control of insects and molds affecting paper cultural relics. To overcome the limited “hang-time” of essential oils, a sustained-release inclusion complex was further developed to enhance stability and prolong their protective effects. The results demonstrated that the combined formulation of carvacrol and citronellal exhibited synergistic insecticidal and antifungal activities and provided effective dual protection against <em>adult Lasioderma serricorne</em> and <em>Aspergillus niger</em>, two major strains of bookworm and mold found infesting paper-based artifacts. The sustained-release system significantly improved the retention and long-term activity of the essential oils while showing no detectable adverse effects on the physical or chemical properties of the paper.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"81 ","pages":"Pages 315-326"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148854072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D GPR assessment of the conservation state of a frescoed wall in the Monastery of St. John (Müstair, Switzerland)","authors":"Michele Punzo,&nbsp;Ivan Ferrari,&nbsp;Daniela Tarallo,&nbsp;Giovanni Leucci,&nbsp;Patrick Cassitti,&nbsp;Lara De Giorgi,&nbsp;Francesco Giuri,&nbsp;Vincenzo Di Fiore","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.08.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Monastery of St. John in Müstair (Switzerland), a UNESCO World Heritage Site, preserves an exceptional cycle of Carolingian and Romanesque frescoes. This study presents the results of a Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) investigation designed to assess the conservation state of a frescoed wall and to characterize the interaction between the mural surfaces and the underlying irregular masonry. Conducted within the MOLAB transnational access program, the survey employed complementary medium-frequency (900 MHz) and high-frequency (2 GHz) antennas to detect plaster stratigraphy, voids, detachments, and fractures. The results reveal a complex structural condition, including a dual-layer plaster system, localized voids and fractures, and areas of historic infill associated with past repair interventions. These findings are essential for planning targeted conservation measures and confirm the effectiveness of GPR as a non-invasive diagnostic tool in complex historical architectural contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"81 ","pages":"Pages 405-416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148958771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applicability of automated sonic tomography inspection systems for the on-site structural assessment of the internal condition of historical stone masonry walls","authors":"Javier Ortega,&nbsp;Fernando Ramonet,&nbsp;Pablo Sanz,&nbsp;Marieta Núñez,&nbsp;Savvas Saloustros,&nbsp;Mislav Stepinac,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Liébana,&nbsp;Sofía Aparicio,&nbsp;Margarita González,&nbsp;José Javier Anaya","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Among common non-destructive testing techniques, sonic testing is frequently used for the qualitative assessment of historical masonry structures. The present study aims to improve the current capabilities of the sonic test method by exploring: (a) the advantages of automating the inspection; and (b) the use of advanced imaging methods to aid in the interpretation of the results for structural diagnosis. An automated sonic tomography inspection system previously developed by the research team was tested on-site in two remote heritage sites in Albania and Switzerland. The automation of the inspection allowed collecting the large amount of data required for 3D tomographic imaging the interior of different types of masonry walls, which can help detecting and estimating the extension of both poor and sound areas of masonry, as well as inner cracks. Results show the potential of the use of robotic systems for the structural diagnosis of heritage buildings, which can greatly enhance our capabilities of imaging the subsurface of masonry structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"81 ","pages":"Pages 394-404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148854071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging (MSI, RTI) and spectroscopic (MFT, XRF) analyses of eighteenth-century gem drawings in the Princes Czartoryski Museum in Krakow","authors":"Paweł Gołyźniak,&nbsp;Tomasz Łojewski","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2026.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the first half of the 18th century, Philipp von Stosch, in collaboration with several artists, created the most comprehensive and archaeologically advanced visual documentation of ancient engraved gems ever produced. Over time, however, his Paper Museum of Gems was dispersed and largely forgotten. This paper presents and discusses the results of X-ray fluorescence (XRF), reflectance transformation imaging (RTI), Multispectral imaging (MSI), and microfade testing (MFT) analyses conducted on selected gem drawings from the collection of the Princes Czartoryski Museum in Krakow, which comprises a substantial portion of the original archive. These investigations proved valuable on multiple levels. MSI enabled the reading of previously illegible texts, which in turn facilitated the identification of the original engraved gems depicted in the drawings and, in several cases, their dating. MSI also provided significant insights into the level of scholarship within Stosch’s circle. XRF and RTI yielded data supporting the attribution of groups of drawings to specific artists who worked for Stosch, particularly Girolamo Odam and Pier Leone Ghezzi. Finally, the combined use of MSI, XRF, and MFT helped to judge the condition of the drawings and allowed for the formulation of recommendations regarding the future conservation and handling of the drawings, including the implementation of protective measures due to the detection of toxic elements such as arsenic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 503-518"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148524274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}