Journal of Cultural Heritage最新文献

Novel approaches for enhanced visualisation and recognition of rock carvings at Stonehenge 增强巨石阵岩石雕刻的可视化和识别的新方法

IF 3.5 2区综合性期刊

Journal of Cultural Heritage Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.016

Gavin Leong , Matthew Brolly , Hugo Anderson-Whymark , David J. Nash , Jon Bedford

{"title":"Novel approaches for enhanced visualisation and recognition of rock carvings at Stonehenge","authors":"Gavin Leong , Matthew Brolly , Hugo Anderson-Whymark , David J. Nash , Jon Bedford","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sarsen uprights at Stonehenge feature the largest panels of Early Bronze Age axe-head carvings in the world. Archaeologists use these carvings to better understand the significance of the monument. Between 2011 and 2012, the analysis of laser scanning and photogrammetric data led to the identification of 71 axe-head carvings and one dagger carving, in addition to the 44 carvings already known. Recent advances in carving visualisation and machine learning warrants a reanalysis of this data using new methods. Two novel techniques for carving visualisation, difference of Gaussians and pseudo-depth mapping, are introduced and compared to four recent techniques, radiance scaling, openness, distance between meshes, and extended difference of Gaussians. On the northwest face of Stone 53, difference of Gaussians highlighted the presence of two previously unidentified carvings, ten potential areas of carving, and nine alternative interpretations on previously found carvings. Pseudo-depth mapping revealed the presence of a further two previously unidentified carvings. In addition, an existing classifier for 3-D shape representation, MeshNet, is converted into a technique for carving recognition. MeshNet achieved 90.7 % accuracy on labelling samples of surfaces at Stonehenge with and without carvings, close to the benchmark performance of 91.9 % on ModelNet40. Both difference of Gaussians and pseudo-depth mapping can be implemented for visualisation of highly faded rock carvings in under two hours and under ten minutes respectively, while the application of MeshNet serves as a feasibility study of semi-automated carving recognition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"75 ","pages":"Pages 112-121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent advances in the analytical and experimental study of mineralised textiles 矿化纺织品分析与实验研究的最新进展

IF 3.5 2区综合性期刊

Journal of Cultural Heritage Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.005

Loïc Bertrand , Clémence Iacconi , Ineke Joosten , Caroline Tokarski , Ilaria Degano , Jiayi Li , Laura Hendriks , Étienne Anheim , Sasja van der Vaart-Verschoof , Karina Grömer

{"title":"Recent advances in the analytical and experimental study of mineralised textiles","authors":"Loïc Bertrand , Clémence Iacconi , Ineke Joosten , Caroline Tokarski , Ilaria Degano , Jiayi Li , Laura Hendriks , Étienne Anheim , Sasja van der Vaart-Verschoof , Karina Grömer","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mineralised textiles — altered remnants of organic textiles preserved by the diffusion of metallic cations from nearby artefacts or the environment — have gradually emerged as an essential source of information on the production and use of textiles in prehistoric and antique societies, as well as on their implication on the economy, technological developments and trade. In many contexts, they are the only evidence of productions known either indirectly through tools or not at all. In this review, we highlight the contribution of analytical methods in recent years to their study, an evolution that began with the emerging use of optical and then electron microscopy in the 1960s and 1970s. In particular, we describe the most recent period, which has seen (i) the widespread use of digital optical microscopy in laboratories and museums, (ii) the adoption of approaches aimed at characterising molecular signatures, even for highly altered textiles, and (iii) the development of micro-imaging methods, particularly using synchrotron radiation or laser sources. We are finding that these methods are making an increasing contribution to the field of archaeology. We outline possible prospects for the research and documentation of mineralised textiles and the possible impact of imaging methods on museum displays.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"75 ","pages":"Pages 122-138"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Uncovering a lost narrative: Rediscovering Paulus Potter's Head of a White Bull through multidisciplinary analysis 揭示失落的叙事：通过多学科分析重新发现保卢斯·波特的《白牛头》

IF 3.5 2区综合性期刊

Journal of Cultural Heritage Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.culher.2025.06.022

Natalia Macro , Muirne Lydon , Jolijn Schilder , Abbie Vandivere , Francesca Gabrieli , Annelies van Loon

{"title":"Uncovering a lost narrative: Rediscovering Paulus Potter's Head of a White Bull through multidisciplinary analysis","authors":"Natalia Macro , Muirne Lydon , Jolijn Schilder , Abbie Vandivere , Francesca Gabrieli , Annelies van Loon","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.06.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.06.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Head of a White Bull</em>, a fragmentary painting attributed to Paulus Potter (1625–1654), has been identified as part of a lost composition depicting <em>The Abduction of Europa</em>. Multidisciplinary analysis, including infrared reflectography (IRR), reflectance imaging spectroscopy in the shortwave infrared range (RIS-SWIR), handheld and macro X-ray fluorescence (XRF) scanning, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), revealed hidden details such as the figure of Europa and provided insights into the painting’s material history. The study uncovered compositional differences between the original and overpaint layers. Differences in the composition of the original smalt, a cobalt-containing blue pigment, suggest variations in pigment sources or processing methods. The overpaint, applied to conceal Europa’s figure, was found to contain a mixture of Prussian blue and Naples yellow, indicative of later interventions. The condition of these original areas is of a very high standard, further affirming the remarkable preservation of the underlying composition. These findings not only reconstruct the lost narrative but also raise important questions about the ethical presentation of fragmentary works, challenging traditional notions of completeness and artistic intent. This research highlights the value of interdisciplinary approaches in art historical and conservation studies, offering new perspectives on the evolution of paintings over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"75 ","pages":"Pages 104-111"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of low-concentration tar in wood samples from archaeological contexts by ATR-FTIR 用ATR-FTIR鉴定考古环境中木材样品中的低浓度焦油

IF 3.5 2区综合性期刊

Journal of Cultural Heritage Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.010

Thea P.B. Christophersen , Kidane Gebremariam , Ole Risbøl , Elizabeth E. Peacock

引用次数: 0

Studying archaeological iron corrosion in the ground – Sample handling to avoid undesirable changes 研究考古铁在地面上的腐蚀-样品处理以避免不希望的变化

IF 3.5 2区综合性期刊

Journal of Cultural Heritage Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.003

E. Granget , O. Cocen , S. Azad , L. Brambilla

{"title":"Studying archaeological iron corrosion in the ground – Sample handling to avoid undesirable changes","authors":"E. Granget , O. Cocen , S. Azad , L. Brambilla","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper evaluates sampling and storage methods for the study of iron archaeological artifacts, aiming to minimize unwanted changes. The selected methods will be used to handle samples in multiple studies utilizing neutron and X-ray computed tomography (NX-CT) to monitor 3D transformations in artifacts during time series experiments. It is thus important to keep full control of the parameters that could induce such changes.</div><div>Two main approaches were tested: 1. imaging iron nails with their surrounding soil to maintain quasi-in-situ conditions and 2. imaging iron nails with a limited amount of soil to improve imaging resolution, also applicable for fully excavated nails. The highly variable soil moisture levels caused option 1 to be discarded, due to difficulties in reconstructing the tomograms. For the nails from setup 2, image reconstruction was successful. Additionally, to prevent unwanted changes occurring during storage, various short-term anoxic storage options were tested. Results showed that keeping the samples in Intercept® bags with RP-K oxygen scavengers and shortening the waiting time between experiments effectively minimized alterations like moisture loss, microcracks, and material displacement. In contrast, prolonged storage in the imaging sample holder caused noticeable unwanted changes.</div><div>The findings emphasize the importance of optimized handling and storage to distinguish changes caused by external factors of interest. These protocols ensure accurate assessments of post-excavation conditions and conservation treatments, providing valuable insights into the preservation of archaeological iron artifacts and advancing the study of long-term corrosion processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"75 ","pages":"Pages 64-73"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impacts of sea-level rise and wave inundation in the Tongariki Complex, Rapa Nui 海平面上升和海浪淹没对拉帕努伊汤加里基综合设施的影响

IF 3.5 2区综合性期刊

Journal of Cultural Heritage Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.004

Noah Paoa , Charles H. Fletcher , Assaf Azouri , Matthew Barbee , Tiffany R. Anderson , Martin Guiles , Shellie Habel , Philip Thompson , Kristian McDonald , Camilla Tognacchini , Gabriel Wilkins Riroroko , Douglas S. Luther

{"title":"Impacts of sea-level rise and wave inundation in the Tongariki Complex, Rapa Nui","authors":"Noah Paoa , Charles H. Fletcher , Assaf Azouri , Matthew Barbee , Tiffany R. Anderson , Martin Guiles , Shellie Habel , Philip Thompson , Kristian McDonald , Camilla Tognacchini , Gabriel Wilkins Riroroko , Douglas S. Luther","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sea-level rise (SLR) threatens both modern assets and the irreplaceable, tangible heritage of past coastal settlements. Assessment of SLR inundation on coastal cultural sites has been a topic of growing interest but the distribution of research is globally uneven and particularly scarce in Pacific Islands. Using XBeach in 2D non-hydrostatic mode we simulate the wave environment under future SLR scenarios in the Tongariki Complex, Rapa Nui, to estimate the extent of wave- and SLR-induced inundation. We model the extent of SLR-induced flooding at current mean higher high water and SLR scenarios of 1.2 m and 3 m. Wave modeling is accomplished using 1-yr and 100-yr swell event return periods. We find that cultural assets are within the reach of wave run-up at current sea level and the number of assets impacted could triple by 2100. Particularly, we estimate that the iconic <em>Ahu Tongariki</em>, part of the Rapa Nui National Park UNESCO world heritage site, could be reached by seasonal waves as soon as 2080 under a High SLR scenario (1.2 m SLR). The results suggest urgency for SLR-related assessments in other coastal cultural sites in the Rapa Nui National Park and encourage community consultation for adaptation and mitigation efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"75 ","pages":"Pages 84-92"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interplay between geological materials and the environment at the Dazu Rock Carvings, China 中国大足石刻中地质物质与环境的相互作用

IF 3.5 2区综合性期刊

Journal of Cultural Heritage Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.002

Haiqing Yang , Xingyue Li , Francesca Cappitelli

{"title":"Interplay between geological materials and the environment at the Dazu Rock Carvings, China","authors":"Haiqing Yang , Xingyue Li , Francesca Cappitelli","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study of the historical built environment is of great significance to the heritage conservation and the reconstruction of the level of anthropogenic pollution in the past. On the Dazu Rock Carvings, China, a black to reddish-brown, relatively dense mineral film with a thickness of approximately 150 μm was observed on the surface of the sandstone. The chemical composition of the mineral film studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy- Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Electron Probe Micro- Analyz (EPMA), X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS), Total Organic Carbon (TOC), and Ion Chromatography (IC), revealed that its development was comprehensively controlled by environmental conditions, especially by environmental pollution. The mineral film consisted primarily of clay minerals and iron oxide. It also contained a large amount of detrital quartz and feldspar, with a clear boundary with the underlying mineral matrix. The bacterial community was also investigated by next generation sequencing and its potential metabolisms through PICRUSt2. The mineral film on the surface of sandstone and its microbial community may provide a certain degree of protection for the internal structure. As a passive sampler, the variation of the concentration of pollution elements in the mineral film is helpful to understand the past environmental pollution of the city. Besides the relevance for stone heritage conservation, this study provides insights into the interplay between geological materials and the environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"75 ","pages":"Pages 74-83"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A mildew spectral index of ancient Chinese silk paintings based on hyperspectral imaging data 基于高光谱成像数据的中国古代绢画霉变光谱指数研究

IF 3.5 2区综合性期刊

Journal of Cultural Heritage Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.014

Sa Wang , Yi Cen , Liang Qu , Xiaojie Gao , Guanghua Li , Yao Chen

{"title":"A mildew spectral index of ancient Chinese silk paintings based on hyperspectral imaging data","authors":"Sa Wang , Yi Cen , Liang Qu , Xiaojie Gao , Guanghua Li , Yao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Painting and calligraphy possess significant historical value and play a crucial role in the transmission of human cultural heritage. However, the presence of mildew greatly impacts the preservation of painting and calligraphy, thereby affecting their cultural value and legacy. Traditional mildew detection methods rely on manual visual inspection and/or chemical analysis, which are limited by inefficiency, subjectivity, the need for nondestructiveness, and low accuracy. Here, we overcome these limitations by developing a new mildew spectral index (MSIndex) using hyperspectral imaging technology and the mildew characteristics of ancient Chinese silk paintings. This approach provides support for the rapid, accurate, and nondestructive extraction and identification of mildew in ancient Chinese silk paintings. We first analyzed the mildew spectra on ancient Chinese silk paintings and optimized the spectral characteristics of mildew based on the hyperspectral data. Then, using this analysis, we constructed the MSIndex to detect mildew. We tested the proposed mildew detection method on the hyperspectral dataset of Shen Qinglan Tieluo on Qing Dynasty (1796–1805), followed by the evaluation of its generalization ability using the hyperspectral dataset of the <em>Portrait of Pañcika Arhat</em> (dated 1756) as an independent validation set. The results suggested that the proposed MSIndex was robust and effective with an overall accuracy of 94.17 % in mildew detection. The MSIndex was also capable of detecting mildew regions even in complex environments, such as those involving other pigments or diseases. This method can help professionals make accurate restoration plans for ancient Chinese silk paintings and support the preservation of cultural heritage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"75 ","pages":"Pages 50-63"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the reversibly cross-linked polymer-consolidated waterlogged archaeological woods from Zhangwan No.1 shipwreck 张湾1号沉船考古木材可逆性交联聚合物固结水淹评价

IF 3.5 2区综合性期刊

Journal of Cultural Heritage Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.012

Siheng Li , Lehao Zhou , Yuyang Tzeng , Nan Feng , Zhiqi Wang , Lishuang Sheng , Yixuan Li

{"title":"Evaluation of the reversibly cross-linked polymer-consolidated waterlogged archaeological woods from Zhangwan No.1 shipwreck","authors":"Siheng Li , Lehao Zhou , Yuyang Tzeng , Nan Feng , Zhiqi Wang , Lishuang Sheng , Yixuan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zhangwan No.1 Shipwreck, excavated in 2012, urgently requires the application of conservation materials to protect its waterlogged archaeological woods. In this work, reversibly cross-linked polymer (RCP) is employed as conservation materials to consolidate the waterlogged archaeological woods from Zhangwan No.1 Shipwreck and its corresponding consolidation effect is thoroughly evaluated. RCP-based conservation materials are constructed by penetrating 2-formylphenylboric acid modified polydimethylsiloxane (PPBA) into the waterlogged wood samples, and then in-situ reversibly cross-linking by N-coordinated boroxines (NCBs). In-situ formed reversibly cross-linked conservation materials (PNCB) can support the structure of the archaeological woods to improve their dimensional stability. The shrinkage rate of the PNCB-consolidated archaeological woods is ∼2.1% and its anti-shrinkage efficiency is ∼85.6%. Moreover, the PNCB-consolidated archaeological woods exhibit the excellent humidity stability and thermostability due to the stable cross-linking network of PNCB. Even under the environment with relative humidity of 100%, the equilibrium moisture content (EMC) of the PNCB-consolidated archaeological woods is only ∼0.4%, significantly lower than that of un-consolidated and polyethylene glycol-consolidated archaeological woods. Because the NCB cross-linkers can be broken by ethanol, the PNCB conservation materials within the archaeological woods can be depolymerized into PPBA and eliminated from the archaeological woods after ethanol immersion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"75 ","pages":"Pages 41-49"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A novel nanocomposite hydrogel system for synergistic paper deacidification and reinforcement 一种新型纳米复合水凝胶协同纸张脱酸强化体系

IF 3.5 2区综合性期刊

Journal of Cultural Heritage Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.015

Qingxia Meng , Chenshu Liu , Chongwen Liu , Qian Jiao , Shuangshuang Li , Haolin Fan , Songbin Ben

{"title":"A novel nanocomposite hydrogel system for synergistic paper deacidification and reinforcement","authors":"Qingxia Meng , Chenshu Liu , Chongwen Liu , Qian Jiao , Shuangshuang Li , Haolin Fan , Songbin Ben","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acidification is one of the major factors exacerbating paper deterioration, rendering documents brittle and prone to crumbling—even under gentle handling. This process is widespread among paper-based artifacts and progresses rapidly, posing a serious threat to their long-term preservation. As such, the need for effective deacidification and reinforcement methods in the conservation and restoration of paper artifacts is becoming increasingly urgent. This study proposes an innovative dual-purpose nanocomposite system, GG-C-M, achieving both deacidification and reinforcement effects on paper artifacts. The system is composed of a hydrogel matrix loaded with deacidifying and structural reinforcement agents. We analyzed the physicochemical properties—including microscopic morphology, pH, alkali reserves, and tensile strength—of acidified, dry heat-aged, and UV-aged paper samples before and after treatment with GG-C-M. Our results show that GG-C-M effectively treats severely acidified paper (pH ≤ 5.0), restoring it to a mildly alkaline state as well as improving their mechanical properties. The treatment significantly improves those physiochemical properties, while also mitigating adverse macroscopic and microscopic side-effects such as edge curling, increased thickness, whitening, and particle residue—issues commonly observed after direct application of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose nano-Mg(OH)₂ (C-M) dispersion. The proposed nanocomposite system offers advantages such as biocompatibility, localized treatment, controllable swelling, strong adsorption, and easiness of application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"75 ","pages":"Pages 31-40"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0