Journal of Cultural Heritage最新文献

{"title":"Analytical methods for studying mummification technique and degradation process of a human mummy from the late period","authors":"Gomaa Abdel-Maksoud ,&nbsp;Mostafa Ismail","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.06.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2024.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Improper burial and storage conditions significantly impact the degradation process of mummies. Factors such as pressure, fluctuations in humidity and temperature, and exposure to light can accelerate this degradation. This study focuses on understanding the degradation mechanism of a mummy from the Late Period, currently stored in the excavation stores at Saqqara, Giza, Egypt. Various techniques including temperature and humidity monitoring, light intensity measurement, internal water content analysis, digital microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM-EDX), X-ray radiography, internal endoscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and isolation and identification of fungi were employed to investigate the mummy's condition.</p><p>The study found that the soil's mechanical stress caused bone fractures in the mummy's body. Increased humidity led to the dissolution of natron salt, which penetrated the body and surface, resulting in decay of soft tissue and bone. Various microscopes revealed cracks, insect holes, and other damage. Internal endoscopy confirmed body removal and decay. X-ray radiography showed the brain had been removed without resin filling the space. FTIR analysis identified the presence of natron salt, bitumen, beeswax, Arabic gum, and plant oil in the mummification process. Additionally, it showed the chemical stability changes in the mummy components. Fungi such as Penicillium implicatum, Aspergillus flavus, and Trichoderma sp. were also identified.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 237-245"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141422943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ontology and collaborative data annotation for the standardisation of documentation processes of underground heritage spaces","authors":"Andrés Galera-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;François Guéna ,&nbsp;Mario Algarín-Comino","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.06.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2024.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Progress in the field of documentation and safeguarding of heritage buildings has evolved considerably since the implementation and use of information models. However, these models are being refined and particularised in an attempt to cover the full range of elements to be protected.</p><p>There is one case that has not yet been sufficiently studied, namely the specific typology of underground built heritage spaces, where the procedures designed for more conventional buildings are not applicable. A lack of consensus has been detected in the standardisation of data processing, which is fundamentally since these spaces do not respond to the classification nor as a building or as an archaeological site.</p><p>In addition, the morphology of these spaces, -with irregular surfaces of complex geometry-, makes the three-dimensional representation indispensable to record concise and exact documentation.</p><p>This research proposes a specific methodology for processing heritage data from CIDOC-based models for underground built heritage spaces that fills the identified gap. The research also proposes solutions to the ontological problem of linking information and annotated data, establishing a methodology for performing this kind of work directly on three-dimensional models using web applications. This simplification of the procedure facilitates the reading and multidisciplinary access to the information of the agents involved in safeguarding heritage, replacing two-dimensional projections representation with the introduction of three-dimensional tools.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 225-236"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1296207424001274/pdfft?md5=054f372955e4403321c2133607ae92a5&pid=1-s2.0-S1296207424001274-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141422942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-situ growth of Ba(OH)2 nanoparticles on bacterial cellulose: A composite material for reinforcement of ancient murals—A preliminary study","authors":"Nan Jia ,&nbsp;Meirong Shi ,&nbsp;Min Quan ,&nbsp;Juxiang Yang ,&nbsp;Kexin Tan ,&nbsp;Peng Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.06.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2024.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mural paintings, valuable cultural relics, face persistent damage issues. Ba(OH)₂ can transform into barium BaCO₃ in the atmosphere, improving its protective abilities. Challenges in synthesis and size control hinder its potential as a protective agent. In this study, a cost-effective composite of Ba(OH)₂ and bacterial cellulose (BC-Ba(OH)₂) was developed. The abundant -OH groups on the BC surface anchor and disperse Ba(OH)₂ nanocrystals, promoting in-situ growth of particles approximately 10 nm in size. The successful preparation of BC-Ba(OH)₂ was confirmed by techniques such as XRD, TEM mapping, and infrared spectroscopy. Moreover, the strong physical interaction between Ba(OH)₂ and BC helps prevent the migration and agglomeration of Ba(OH)₂ nanoparticles, thereby ensuring the long-term effectiveness of the reinforcing agent. Additionally, owing to the outstanding toughness and strength of BC, the formed 3D network structure effectively enhances the strength of mural structure. Through a series of performance tests, it was demonstrated that BC-Ba(OH)₂ exhibits superior permeability, consolidation strength and flexural strength in mural restoration compared to commercial Ba(OH)₂. It is noteworthy that experiments and DFT confirm that the increase in the carbonization rate is attributed to the nano effect and carrier effect. Using BC as a support not only reduces the particle size of Ba(OH)₂ but also optimizes the internal charge structure of Ba(OH)₂, enhancing its CO₂ adsorption capability. These results suggest a new direction for the development of emerging mural restoration materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 216-224"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141329039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Hearts of gold” (Cuori d'oro): The case study of the leather corami of Palazzo Chigi in Ariccia","authors":"Monia Vadrucci ,&nbsp;Massimo Chiari ,&nbsp;Anna Mazzinghi ,&nbsp;Alessandro Rufoloni ,&nbsp;Cristina Cicero","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.05.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2024.05.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work we present the results obtained by different technical analysis in order to perform the characterization of the chromatic richness, the employed materials and the iconographic elements of different fragments of decorated and gilded leather <em>corami</em> coming from the archive of <em>Palazzo Chigi</em> of Ariccia (Rome) and employed, during the 17^th century, as wallcoverings. Different microscopic and spectroscopic analyses have been performed by means of Ion Beam Analysis (IBA) and Macro Area X-Ray Fluorescence (MA-XRF) techniques available at the INFN LABEC ion beam laboratory in Florence and the Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (SEM-EDX) of the Superconductivity Laboratory of the ENEA Frascati Research Center. The results aim to provide the scholar information about the manufacturing process and the materials employed for the production of these peculiar artefacts, also in order to plan the best and most appropriate conservation protocol. In particular, thanks to the SEM-EDX analysis it has been possible to characterize the layered structure of the samples and, specifically, the interface between the leather of the substrate, the metal foil of the so called <em>meccatura</em> and between these and the overlying pictorial layer. The IBA and MA-XRF techniques has helped in characterizing the painting palette employed while IBA has allowed to determine the conservation condition of the silver layer with the hypothesis of the incorporation of the silver leaf into the organic compound of the <em>mecca</em> as its main deterioration phenomena. These complementary techniques provide, therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the materials and iconographic elements of these leather-based artefacts, which is essential for their preservation and restoration as well as they contribute to a better understanding of the deterioration processes they incur.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 184-194"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1296207424001237/pdfft?md5=83ac981a154e98cc9c7e0d8038f243e5&pid=1-s2.0-S1296207424001237-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141325057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the use of in-situ spectroscopic techniques for the study of the provenance of historic ivories","authors":"Dorothy Parungao ,&nbsp;António Candeias ,&nbsp;João A. Lopes ,&nbsp;Catarina Miguel","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.05.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2024.05.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ivory trafficking is a multifaceted problem that has long endangered the fate of African and Asian elephants. In field investigations, it is essential to conduct ivory inspections in a nondestructive manner to prevent the inclusion of noncompliant materials. In this research, a practical approach to identify Asian and African elephants’ ivories was developed using an integrated methodology of art history, vibrational spectroscopy, and chemometrics. Spectra were acquired by an FT-IR spectrometer and a fiber optics reflectance spectrometer (FORS) in the Vis-NIR region. The discriminant methods were calibrated with spectra acquired from Asian and African elephant ivory tusks and applied to historic ivory objects (<em>n</em> = 78) of uncertain origin. Models based on the chemometric methods Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Squares -Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) were able to successfully classify ivory objects into Asian and African ivory, with an estimated true prediction rate (TPR) of 99 % both for African and Asian ivory samples. This study demonstrated the potential of FT-IR spectroscopy and FORS with chemometric methods as suitable tools for ivory investigations, aiding to the existing set of ivory trafficking prevention methods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 205-215"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141325058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cationic silicone based paper impregnation agent for the protection of historical paper against fungal growth. Detection and quantification of fungi using micro-invasive fluorescence microscopy and non-invasive FTIR spectroscopy","authors":"Janez Kosel ,&nbsp;Lea Legan ,&nbsp;Matej Bračič ,&nbsp;Polonca Ropret","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2024.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Even though contamination of historical paper by moulds causes aesthetic, physical, and biochemical biodeterioration, dissolving cellulose fibers and inks, the currently applied physical and chemical disinfection methods are either extremely dangerous to human health (ethylene oxide), may harm the underlying support material, or their efficiency is dependent on fungal species, many of which may resist. Therefore, our aim was to test a new paper impregnation agent, aminopropyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (ATP), in regards to its biological potency, ease of handling and support material safety. According to the Gelest Inc. (Morrisville, PA 19067) safety data sheet DMS-A31, ATP in solution causes eye irritation, but in dry from is relatively safe. Our biofouling experiments with four cellulase-active fungal strains, originally isolated from historical books, were conducted directly on impregnated and aged paper at verifying concentrations of ATP and at a relative humidity of 95 %. Fungal biofilm development was quantified using micro-invasive fluorescence microscopy and after incubation non-invasive FTIR spectroscopy was also employed. 3D surface topography scan results showed that ATP impregnation at a concentration of 30 % does not harm the visible structural characteristics of the tested paper and no alterations in surface roughness parameters were observed and is therefore safe for the supporting material. At least a 10 % paper impregnation was needed for an effective suppression of fungal biofilm development and tolerance to lower concentrations was species dependent, with <em>Penicillium canescens</em> ZIM-9717 tolerating 1 % of ATP and <em>Aspergillus niger</em> ZIM-9721 tolerating 1 % and 5 % of ATP. Lastly, we have shown that portable “on the spot” non-invasive FTIR spectroscopy in reflection mode can be effectively used for a rapid but highly sensitive detection and monitoring of mould biofilms on paper support materials. This is important, because sampling and fluorescence dye staining in fluorescence microscopy, will harm the integrity of cultural heritage books and documents. Therefore, non-invasive FTIR spectroscopy can provide for an initial overview or insight into the microbiological condition of library and paper materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 195-204"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1296207424001250/pdfft?md5=5065f0133ba7841bbbfedda1dbffd1de&pid=1-s2.0-S1296207424001250-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141325056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitreous finds from the Iron Age archaeological complex at Bilsk (Ukraine) as evidence of trade by land and sea","authors":"Anzhelika Kolesnychenko ,&nbsp;Sabrina Molinaro ,&nbsp;Oleh Yatsuk ,&nbsp;Patrizia Davit ,&nbsp;Stanislav Zadnikov ,&nbsp;Iryna Shramko ,&nbsp;Lorena Carla Giannossa ,&nbsp;Annarosa Mangone ,&nbsp;Giulia Berruto ,&nbsp;Roberto Giustetto ,&nbsp;Monica Gulmini","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.05.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2024.05.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Bilsk archaeological complex comprises the remains of many structures associated with an impressive Iron Age fortified site and extends over a vast area in central-east Ukraine. Its importance is marked by the presence of apparently imported objects, including some vitreous ones (represented mainly by glass and faience beads), which provide researchers with materials for studying past trade in the area. A representative set of vitreous fragments was subjected to an analytical study with several instrumental techniques (namely: scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectrometry, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, micro-Raman spectroscopy and micro-X-ray diffraction) in order to characterise the beads on compositional basis. The complementary data from different techniques revealed a complex picture for the raw materials, identifying several sources of silica and, consequently, several production centres for the items included in the analysed set. This information in turn led to a better understanding of the trade networks that operated in the region between the 7th and 4th century BCE. Colouring and opacifying agents are also discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 172-183"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1296207424001225/pdfft?md5=5d3e48841559f0b9c63166e1e3df24a2&pid=1-s2.0-S1296207424001225-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141308457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"4D thermo-reflectography of cultural heritage. The Codex 4D project: From data acquisition to the implementation in innovative virtual and mixed reality platforms","authors":"Fulvio Mercuri ,&nbsp;Eva Pietroni ,&nbsp;Enzo d'Annibale ,&nbsp;Stefano Paoloni ,&nbsp;Daniele Ferdani ,&nbsp;Ugo Zammit ,&nbsp;Diego Ronchi ,&nbsp;Bruno Fanini ,&nbsp;Noemi Orazi","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.05.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2024.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In an effort to try and improve the dissemination of cultural heritage, in this paper a novel method for the four-dimensional (4D) digitization of artefacts, based on images recorded in the mid-wave infrared spectral range, is presented. Such a method is here applied to ancient manuscripts in the frame of the “Codex 4D: journey in four dimensions into the manuscript” project. In the proposed approach, the three-dimensional geometry of the manuscript is reconstructed by processing the reflectographic images, obtained from different points of view with respect to the artefact, through Structure from Motion techniques. Thermograms obtained by means of Pulsed Thermography are also recorded since they provide a depth-resolved characterization of the artefact that is also integrated into the digital reconstruction along the orthogonal direction to the surface, hereafter referred to as the fourth dimension. The results gathered from humanities and scientific studies, are also mapped onto the 4D model in the form of interactive semantic annotations. The goal of such a reconstruction is to allow users to browse the subsurface elements into the 4D model, thus facilitating the study and the exploration of the manuscripts through the inclusion of information about their literary and art-historical contents, materials, execution techniques, and state of conservation. In addition, virtual and mixed reality environments have been developed for different kind of audience such as expert users and museum public. Despite the experimentation presented here was carried out exclusively on manuscripts, in our opinion the methodology can be successfully applied to other types of artefacts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 161-171"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1296207424001079/pdfft?md5=434bb019e23490218d07ab9d8064814d&pid=1-s2.0-S1296207424001079-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141303682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection and characterization of defects in the Brancacci Chapel wall paintings via holographic interferometry and microwave reflectometry","authors":"Alessandra Rocco ,&nbsp;Moira Bertasa ,&nbsp;Antonina Chaban ,&nbsp;Valentina Di Sarno ,&nbsp;Raffaella Fontana ,&nbsp;Emanuela Grifoni ,&nbsp;Anna Impallaria ,&nbsp;Jana Striova ,&nbsp;Sara Penoni ,&nbsp;Cristiano Riminesi","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.05.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2024.05.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper evaluates the improvements in wall paintings diagnostic achievable by the synergistic combination of DHSPI, SIRT and MWR techniques. These innovative portable and non-destructive techniques for <em>in-situ</em> diagnostic were tested in laboratory on mock-ups mimicking the real conditions of wall painting defects (such as detachments, cavities and cracks), and on the frescoes painted by Masolino, Masaccio and Filippino Lippi (between 1422 and 1475) in the Brancacci Chapel in the church of Santa Maria del Carmine in Florence, Italy. This research activity was part of the Brancacci Chapel diagnostic and monitoring project, where the assessment of the state of conservation is a mandatory prerequisite for planning the subsequent restoration work. In common practice, restorers make the preliminary evaluation on the state of conservation of the wall paintings by visual and tactile inspection, without the use of any special scientific instrumentation. Cracks, cavities, lack of material, detachments, out-of-plumb and deformation of (non-)structural elements are reported in a condition report to document the state of conservation at a given point in time. In particular, the detachments are recognized by the tap test, but this is a discretionary and highly subjective method. Thus, there is a strong demand for the development of a portable and non-destructive approach that refines this preliminary survey with objective data. Here, we present the results produced by the combination of MWR (useful for the dimensional characterization of hidden defects in the wall) and DHSPI-SIRT to identify the extent of deformations induced by thermal stimulus, providing an objective confirmation of the preliminary investigation performed by restorers, in which the detachments were indicated as “stable”, “not very stable” and “unstable”, <em>i.e.</em>, close to falling. The integrated use of these techniques <em>in situ</em>, supported by a laboratory study on ad-hoc prepared mock-ups, proved to be suitable for a quantitative evaluation of damage risk to guide restoration strategy accordingly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 149-160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141298322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroosmotic permeability in kaolinite and CaCO3 poultice mixtures","authors":"Naser Eslami ,&nbsp;Jorge Feijoo ,&nbsp;Juan M. Paz-Garcia ,&nbsp;Elisa Franzoni ,&nbsp;Lisbeth M. Ottosen","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.05.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2024.05.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Electrokinetic treatment of masonry for desalination or electroosmotic dewatering depends on a poultice, in which the electrodes are placed, which fulfills several purposes. Poultice composed of kaolinite and CaCO₃ have been shown to have good workability and high pH buffering capacity. In this work, the electroosmotic (EO) permeability is studied in different kaolinite - CaCO₃ mixtures. In addition, the effect on EO of using NaCl as a mixing solution is investigated. A special cell is used to test the EO in the specimens. A phenomenological approach, based on the potential gradient and the flux of solution, was used to calculate the EO flow rate and EO permeability coefficient. Results showed that by increasing the concentration of CaCO₃ in the poultice mixture, the EO flow rate decreased and the poultice with 80 % CaCO₃ and more did not have any EO flow. Furthermore, the ionic strength in the mixing solution decreases the EO flow rate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 130-135"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1296207424001195/pdfft?md5=b61149d7e8d189409dc9250430f4829a&pid=1-s2.0-S1296207424001195-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141264194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}