Journal of Cultural Heritage最新文献

{"title":"An ontology to describe the damage process to built cultural heritage triggered by earthquakes: The CHEDO model","authors":"María José Marín-Miranda ,&nbsp;Urbano Fra Paleo ,&nbsp;Paula Redweik ,&nbsp;Álvaro Gómez-Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Information on cultural heritage is critical both to understand its value and to support management. Collecting, managing, visualizing, and sharing this information requires standardization. In the last decades, architecture has advanced in information management with the implementation of Building Information Modelling (BIM) methodology. The application of this methodology to cultural heritage has associated challenges due to the complexity and heterogeneity of the information. The integration of ontologies and BIM allows obtaining semantically enriched digital models, which has led to a growing interest in the field of architectural cultural heritage. In this article, the Cultural Heritage Earthquake Damage Ontology (CHEDO) model is presented. This ontology has been designed to document damage and loss caused by earthquakes in cultural heritage, through its integration into BIM systems interconnected with databases, although this integration is not addressed in the present work. The CHEDO model integrates terms and relationships to document the damage process in relation to the building characteristics (architectural, spatial, constructional, and geometrical) and the physical environment of the same. This model, by providing a comprehensive description of the building and its environment, allows for complete and accurate documentation of damage, which supports the planning of post-earthquake restoration and reconstruction. To facilitate interoperability with parallel ontologies in close domains of architectural cultural heritage, CHEDO was designed taking as reference the high-level ontology Conceptual Reference Model (CRM) developed by the International Committee for Documentation (CIDOC), of the International Council of Museums (ICOM). The proposed ontology is structured in four blocks: <em>'building and surrounding environment'</em>, to describe the building and its environment; <em>'building damage</em>', to represent the damage and its causes; '<em>location</em>', to describe the location of the building and the external processes; and '<em>terminology</em>', to categorise and classify certain classes of the ontology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 114-126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy renovation of two historical buildings in Mediterranean area","authors":"Eirini Kyritsi ,&nbsp;Dimitris Katsaprakakis ,&nbsp;Eirini Dakanali ,&nbsp;Yiannis Yiannnakoudakis ,&nbsp;Giorgos Zidianakis ,&nbsp;Aimilios Michael ,&nbsp;Apostolos Michopoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The energy renovation of historic buildings is a particular challenge due to the restrictions and prohibitions related to respecting and preserving their form. Within the European Union, the exclusion of historic buildings from the minimum energy performance requirements until a year ago, lead to the luck of interest for such actions. This case study article presents the applied energy retrofit measures on two historic buildings, the Presidential Palace of the Republic of Cyprus and Loggia, the Town Hall of Heraklion in Greece. Heritage values, normative requirements, operational conditions, and indoor environmental issues, based on site audits and numerical calculations, were considered for selecting the most appropriate interventions. The passive measures include the energy renovation of the openings, an action that was affected by specific requirements of the building conservation authorities of each country. The active measures included for both cases the energy renovation of the existing heating and cooling systems, the integration of RES and the installation of a building energy management system (BEMS). Specific interventions include, for Loggia, the energy renovation of the lighting system, and for the Presidential Palace, the installation of a mechanical ventilation system in the living rooms of the ground floor and charging station for electric cars. The energy savings are equal to 35 % and 49 % for the Presidential Palace and Loggia, respectively. These energy savings correspond to the reduction of 259.9 t and 125.7 t CO₂ emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 106-113"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methacrylated gellan gum microgels: A further step in the gel-based cleaning system","authors":"Leonardo Severini ,&nbsp;Silvia Franco ,&nbsp;Erika Celi ,&nbsp;Simona Sennato ,&nbsp;Elisa Paialunga ,&nbsp;Letizia Tavagnacco ,&nbsp;Laura Micheli ,&nbsp;Roberta Angelini ,&nbsp;Emanuela Zaccarelli ,&nbsp;Claudia Mazzuca","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paper has been entrusted with a large portion of humanity's recorded knowledge in recent centuries, therefore its preservation is fundamental for maintaining cultural heritage. Indeed, cellulose—the primary material of these artifacts— goes through irreversible degradation processes as it ages, leading to a weakening of paper stability and color changes. In order to slow down ageing, several restoration strategies involving the use of wet cleaning by hydrogels can be found in literature. Multi-step treatments are often required to complete the cleaning procedure, as the properties of contaminants greatly vary from a chemical–physical point of view (i.e. hydrophilic, hydrophobic or, as for adhesives, polymeric compounds). In this article, we propose a cleaning strategy that accounts for the inherent roughness of paper by developing microgel particles made of methacrylated gellan gum. Microgel particles are smaller than their macroscopic counterparts, hydrogels, and as a result, they can clean paper more quickly, a few minutes as opposed to hours. Moreover, the chemical modification performed on deacylated gellan gum makes the polymer more hydrophobic, as compared to the unmodified one. In this way, the proposed microgels are able to interact with and adsorb not only hydrophilic by-products of cellulose degradation, as gellan gum-based microgels do, but also hydrophobic materials or synthetic adhesives. This procedure represents a valid strategy, safe for operators, for the cleaning of paper artworks as it avoids the use of potentially dangerous organic solvents for hydrophobic material removal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 97-105"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The golden Mizunotype—A study of a rare example of Japanese photographic art from the late XIXth century","authors":"A. Povolotckaia ,&nbsp;A. Aseeva ,&nbsp;E. Borisov ,&nbsp;L. Starilova ,&nbsp;I. Grigorieva ,&nbsp;A. Stepanova ,&nbsp;S. Kaputkina ,&nbsp;A. Vasileva ,&nbsp;M. Dynnikova","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2022 the State Museum and Exhibition Center ROSPHOTO received a cultural heritage object of significant interest—a wooden board with three children's portraits created in a rare photographic technique using gold powder.</div><div>The performed analysis of the heritage object in combination with a detailed study using a set of complementary scientific methods allowed to clarify several blind spots related to this example of Japanese photographic art: the authorship; the period of time when the portraits were created and a number of technological aspects applied to the image during its production.</div><div>The set of scientific methods, namely optical microscopy, X-ray fluorescence analysis, infrared spectroscopy and anatomical wood examination, was applied to the object in order to determine the content and technique of rare photographic image as well as to identify the wood type used as the base. It was found that the studied image was made via unique and rarely seen gold mizunotype technique and the portraits were created on the wooden board made of <em>Chamaecyparis obtusa</em>, also called Japanese cypress or Hinoki. To the best of our knowledge no detailed scientific and comprehensive study was performed for these XIX–XXth century Japanese photographic art relics. Such objects are one-of-a-kind exhibit, that is why the opportunity to come into contact with such artifacts is a huge success for all—art historians, curators and researchers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 89-96"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary investigation of the painting technique of Thalia Flora-Karavia (1871–1960): The ‘Paris’ case study","authors":"Stelios Kesidis ,&nbsp;Agathi Anthoula Kaminari ,&nbsp;Athena Georgia Alexopoulou ,&nbsp;Nikolaos Zacharias","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present paper delves into the artistic evolution of Thalia Flora-Karavia, a prominent Greek painter (1871–1960) studied for the first time, with a focus on her masterpiece 'Paris'. The unconventional choice of cardboard as a substrate material underscores Flora-Karavia's adaptability and innovative spirit. The absence of preparatory underdrawings aligns her technique with impressionist tendencies, emphasizing spontaneity.</div><div>Analysis of the palette within 'Paris' reveals a careful selection of colors, predominantly grey tones, with key pigments such as Prussian blue, phthalocyanines, and lithopone. These choices, highlighted through advanced analytical methods (portable X-Ray Fluorescence spectrometry, portable Raman spectroscopy, technical photography and Hyper Spectral Imaging), shed light on Flora-Karavia's deliberate and skilful manipulation of materials.</div><div>It is particularly surprising that she continues to use pigments that had largely been replaced by newer options - ones that were less harmful, more efficient, and more stable. Notably, she omits titanium white from her palette, despite its widespread adoption by painters as a basic white pigment after its development in 1918. The absence of cadmium red and yellow also reveals her clear preference for certain pigments.</div><div>The present study provides valuable information in the field of technical art history, shedding light on the materials and methods used in her work. This provides a deeper understanding of Flora-Karavia's artistic identity as depicted in her painting 'Paris'. Her adeptness at marrying innovative techniques with traditional elements shapes a distinctive oeuvre that invites further scholarly inquiry into her contextual influences and contributions to the understudied artistic landscape of Greece in the 20^th century.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 81-88"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A methodological case study of lead resource movements during the Warring States Period and Western Han Dynasty: Applying kernel density estimation to four lead-barium glass Bi Artifacts","authors":"Chen Wang ,&nbsp;Sarah De Ceuster ,&nbsp;Katherine Eremin ,&nbsp;Sarah Laursen ,&nbsp;Patrick Degryse","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This methodological case study applies lead isotope analysis and Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) to explore the provenance of four lead-barium silicate glass artifacts from the Harvard Art Museums. Through a detailed methodological framework, this study demonstrates how KDE can be used to analyze lead resource distribution and movements. The lead from one artifact, attributed to the Warring States Period, is traced to southern Chinese regions such as Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangdong, or Guangxi. Two artifacts display distinctive lead isotope signatures potentially linked to materials used in the Shang Dynasty, highlighting unique methodological challenges. Another artifact exhibits anomalous lead isotopic and stylistic features, raising the possibility of it stemming from a different cultural context, possibly with lead sourced from Central China. By employing KDE in combination with lead isotope analysis, this case study not only demonstrates the effectiveness of this combination in archaeological provenance research but also offers insights into the use of lead in ancient Chinese glass production. The results reveal multiple lead sources for the glass-making industry during the Warring States Period and the Western Han Dynasty, and further suggest that certain artifacts contain highly radiogenic lead, likely sourced from South China. These findings underscore the utility of KDE as a powerful tool in both provenance studies and the authentication of museum objects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 71-80"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new deep eutectic solvent-based green gel for the removal of polymeric coating from mural painting","authors":"Yiming Jia ,&nbsp;Liangshuai Zhang ,&nbsp;Kexin Tan ,&nbsp;Shaohua Dong ,&nbsp;Youzhou He ,&nbsp;Lin Ye ,&nbsp;Wenhua Zhao ,&nbsp;Laiyuan Gu ,&nbsp;Silvia Prati ,&nbsp;Jiujiang Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is challenging to extend the species of deep eutectic solvent (DES) based gels, particularly in forming non-toxic polymer gels with good mechanical properties. In this study, we propose an eutectogel system for cleaning purposes in the field of culture heritage conservation. Green gels containing ChCl-EG-GVL-PVA and ChCl-EG-PVA are produced by combining choline chloride (ChCl), ethylene glycol (EG) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with or without γ-valerolactone (GVL). The crosslinking of the gels is primarily formed by ChCl-EG and PVA through hydrogen bonding. The additional green solvent GVL is compatible with the gel composition and plays an important role in cleaning. The developed gels exhibit good mechanical properties and fine microstructures, making them easy to handle and suitable for cleaning cultural relics. Therefore, the gels have been tested on a mockup coated with Paraloid B72^Ⓡ to examine their cleaning efficiency. Furthermore, the selected gel has been validated on a Yuan dynasty mural painting for the removal of aged acrylic coating. The results from both the mockup and the real case study demonstrate the effective cleaning efficiency of the ChCl-EG-GVL₂-PVA₂ gel and highlight its potential usefulness in the field of cultural heritage conservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 51-60"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An electrochemical method for reinforcing marble stone: The deposition of aluminium phosphate materials","authors":"Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Anqi Guo ,&nbsp;Shuqiang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, aluminium phosphate has demonstrated promising results in reinforcing and protecting marble stone relics. However, there is still room for improvement in terms of permeability and coating continuity. In this study, an electrochemical deposition method was utilized to reinforce simulated weathered marble, employing diammonium phosphate as the cathodic reaction raw material and aluminium chloride as the anodic reaction raw material. The protective mechanism of this method was analyzed using SEM-EDS, and the effectiveness and compatibility were evaluated by testing wettability, surface free energy, surface roughness, porosity, acid corrosion resistance, water vapor transmission rate and color difference. The results revealed that, uniform deposition of aluminium phosphate led to a reduction in the surface free energy and porosity, but an increase in water droplet penetration time of the reinforced marble. These changes significantly improved the acid erosion resistance of the marble. Furthermore, this reinforcement method can maintain good compatibility of the reinforced marble in terms of color and breathability. The electrochemical deposition method utilizing diammonium hydrogen phosphate and aluminium chloride as the main materials exhibits substantial potential in weathering-resistant reinforcement of marble stone relics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 61-70"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The hidden arsenic legacy in mid-19th century papered microscope slides","authors":"Leonardo Pantoja Munoz,&nbsp;Huw Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the presence of arsenic in Victorian-era microscope slides, particularly those containing green pigments. X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Raman, Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma – Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) were employed to analyse the elemental composition of pigments on the slides. The analysis identified arsenic primarily in green pigments containing emerald green but also in some red pigments.</div><div>To assess the prevalence of slides potentially containing arsenic, a separate analysis was conducted examining the colour of slides in existing collections. Across two data sources, focusing on slides with accompanying images, around 10 % of slides were identified to contain green pigment. Extrapolating this prevalence to UK collections suggests a potential for hundreds of thousands of slides to contain arsenic, posing potential health risks during handling and raising concerns about proper disposal practices.</div><div>This research highlights a previously unrecognised occupational and environmental hazard associated with historical slides. The study emphasises the importance of responsible handling and disposal practices for slides containing arsenic pigments, particularly those coloured green and red, to minimise health and environmental risks. We propose guidelines for safe handling and disposal practices, alongside outreach activities to raise awareness among stakeholders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 38-50"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Locating cracks in old toys from the 1950s crafted with an elastomeric material","authors":"Jose A. Madrid García ,&nbsp;Effat Yahaghi ,&nbsp;Amir Movafeghi ,&nbsp;Mahdi Mirzapour","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.10.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2024.10.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Preserving soft plastic or elastomeric material toys in museums and detecting their defects have become increasingly important. Accurate information regarding cracks and fissures in these toys is essential for preservation and restoration processes. Visual inspection is typically the first step in identifying damage, and various tests such as FTIR and NIR are commonly used to assess the condition of toys with a soft or flexible texture. However, these methods do not provide the location and size of the defects. Radiographic Testing (RT) is a valuable non-destructive method that can reveal the size and location of defects and fissures in toys crafted from an elastomeric material for conservation planning. However, X-ray radiographs often appear foggy due to the low atomic number of elastomeric material and the thinness of these toys. To address this issue, a cartoon texture image processing method based on a Gaussian filter was applied to digital radiographs to enhance the imaging contrast of the original radiographs. The results demonstrate that this method effectively identifies toys' defects, fissures, and internal structures. The contrast in the reconstructed image increased threefold compared to the original radiographs, according to the line profile method in the Duplex Image Quality Indicator (DIQI) region. Additionally, the size of cracks can be estimated by comparing them with the intervals of lines in the DIQI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 30-37"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}