Journal of Craniofacial Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Titanium Plates Hinder the Development of the Mandible in Pediatric Patients.","authors":"Xiaoge Zhao, Kun Lv","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000012056","DOIUrl":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000012056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The treatment of severe mandibular comminuted fractures in children is a challenge. It usually requires open reduction and internal fixation. However, there is no consensus on whether the use of titanium plates will hinder the development of the mandible. This study shows that titanium plates do indeed limit the growth of the mandible.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 4-year-old boy with a comminuted mandibular fracture underwent open reduction and internal fixation surgery. The displaced lingual bone blocks were reduced and fixed. The patient had bilateral submandibular fistulas and local titanium plate exposure in the mandibular vestibular groove for up to 3 months. The titanium plates were removed 3 months after surgery. A large area of bone defect was observed on the labial side of the mandible, which was previously covered by the titanium plates, with uneven cortical bone. After removing the titanium plates, the wounds gradually healed. During the 2-year follow-up, it was observed that the mandibular morphology had recovered well, and the cortical bone was smooth.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After the restriction of the titanium plates was lifted, the growth of the mandible was rapidly restored.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of titanium plates affects wound healing and limits the growth of the mandible. Metal internal fixation materials need to be removed in a timely manner to avoid hindering the growth and development of the jawbone.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embolization of Multiple Cerebral Aneurysms in a Patient With Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Post-Renal Transplantation.","authors":"Meng Qiao, Xiaodong Yu, Ning Xu","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000012055","DOIUrl":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000012055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intracranial aneurysms in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) are relatively rare but pose significant challenges due to the increased risk of rupture and the impact of renal transplantation and immunosuppressive therapy. This article reports the case of a 54-year-old female with ADPKD who, following renal transplantation, presented with a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Brain imaging revealed multiple intracranial aneurysms, including 1 at the A3 segment of the left anterior cerebral artery (4.2 mm × 3.2 mm), 1 at the origin of the left posterior cerebral artery (4.1 mm × 4.9 mm), and 1 at the C7 segment of the left internal carotid artery (4.3 mm × 2.7 mm). Endovascular embolization was performed to treat the high-risk aneurysms, with careful management of the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy. Renal function remained stable post-procedure. At 9 months of follow-up, the patient was living independently. This case highlights the feasibility and safety of endovascular embolization for managing intracranial aneurysms in ADPKD patients following renal transplantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Efficacy of Topical Chitosan and Minoxidil in Hair Loss: A Controlled Study With Microneedling.","authors":"Jovian Wan, Olena Sydorchuk, Irwan Junawanto, Wonseok Choi, Nil Namthongton, Putri Hendira, Ardhiah Iswanda Putri, Pattra Chansataporn, Ruri Pamela, Kyu-Ho Yi","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000012051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000012051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chitosan, a natural polysaccharide with immunomodulatory and regenerative properties, has shown promise in enhancing tissue repair. While 5% minoxidil remains the standard treatment for androgenetic alopecia, interest in non-hormonal or adjunctive therapies such as chitosan is growing.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of topical 2% chitosan applied after microneedling in comparison with 5% topical minoxidil and a no-treatment control group in patients with androgenetic alopecia or diffuse hair loss.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, controlled study enrolled 30 patients (aged 22-58 y), randomized equally into 3 groups (n=10 each): (1) microneedling followed by 4 mL of 2% chitosan (Chitosan group), (2) twice-daily application of 5% topical minoxidil (Minoxidil group), and (3) untreated control (Control group). Treatments continued for 6 months. Primary outcomes included trichoscopic hair density and hair shaft diameter; secondary outcomes included patient satisfaction scores and adverse events. A representative scalp biopsy from the chitosan group was evaluated histologically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 6 months, both the chitosan and minoxidil groups demonstrated significant increases in mean hair density compared with the control group (+30.5% and +22.3%, respectively; P=0.032 and P=0.048). Although the chitosan group showed a numerically greater improvement than the minoxidil group, this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.62). Hair shaft diameter and patient satisfaction scores improved in both treatment groups. No meaningful changes were observed in the control group. Mild, transient erythema occurred in 3 patients (1 in the chitosan group and 2 in the minoxidil group). Histologic analysis in a chitosan-treated subject showed increased follicular density and improved dermal matrix organization.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this small controlled study, microneedling followed by topical 2% chitosan resulted in significant improvements in hair growth parameters compared with no treatment, and outcomes were generally comparable to those observed with 5% minoxidil. While these results are promising, the small sample size limits definitive conclusions regarding comparative efficacy. Larger, adequately powered trials are warranted to confirm these preliminary findings and to better delineate the role of chitosan as a standalone or adjunctive therapy.</p><p><strong>Evidencebased level: </strong>Level II.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frontal Sinus in Chiari Malformation Type 2: Pneumatization Pattern, Size, and Clinical Importance.","authors":"Mehmet Zeki Erdem, Abdulaziz Yalinkiliç, Burhan Beger, Mert Çetin, Muhammet Enes Gurses, Ömer Faruk Cihan, Orhan Beger","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000012030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000012030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The examination aimed to compare the morphologic features of the frontal sinus (FS) in patients with Chiari malformation type 2 (CM2) with a control group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study contained computed tomography images of 45 CM2s and 47 controls. Of 45 CM2 patients aged 11.60±4.60 years, 26 were females and 19 were males. Of 47 controls aged 11.55±4.49 years, 26 were females and 21 were males. The volume, width, depth, and height of FS were bilaterally measured, and its right and left pneumatization patterns (aplasia, hypoplasia, medium, and hyperplasia) were noted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CM2s had smaller FS width (P=0.004), height (P=0.033), depth (P<0.001), and volume (P<0.001) compared with controls. No statistically significant difference was found between the measurements in terms of sex or side in both groups. Four types related to FS pneumatization patterns were observed in CM2s (aplasia: 16.7%, hypoplasia: 34.4%, medium size: 18.9%, and hyperplasia: 30%) and controls (aplasia: 10.6%, hypoplasia: 9.7%, medium size: 34%, and hyperplasia: 45.7%). This indicated that the FS pneumatization pattern was affected by CM2 (P<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with CM2 had smaller WFS, HFS, DFS, and VFS compared with controls. The most common type in CM2 was hypoplastic FS, whereas the most common type in controls was hyperplastic FS.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemiface Transplantation: A Step-By-Step Surgical Technique Video in A Rodent Model.","authors":"Olivier F Noel, Paula Flores Perez, Luis Gonzalez, Viola A Stögner, Valerie Horsley, Bohdan Pomahac","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000012014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000012014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several preclinical animal models of face transplantation have been described in the literature with variable broad descriptions of surgical technique, but none with accompanying video with granular details of surgical dissection. In particular, the rodent hemifacial transplantation model has many advantages compared with other larger animals for its analogous anatomy to humans, vessel sizes appropriateness for anastomosis, cost, operation time, and ease of animal care. In this study, the authors describe a step-by-step surgical technique with video demonstration of face transplantation in a rodent model, allowing for high reproducibility of the procedure.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Hemifacial transplantation procedures were performed on rodents. The vascular pedicle was based on the facial and superficial temporal arteries and the external jugular vein. End-to-side anastomosis of the common carotid arteries and end-to-end anastomosis of the external jugular veins between donor and recipient animals were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Animals did well postoperatively with adequate resuscitation and pain control regimen. Operative time can widely vary based on the surgeon's microsurgical skills and mostly based on the comfort level with the procedure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Taken together, this study describes a step-by-step surgical technique with video demonstration of face transplantation in a rodent model. This method is reproducible to anyone with microsurgical skills.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Esthetic Correction of Lying Ears With Hyaluronic Acid Filler.","authors":"Isaac Kai Jie Wong, Jin-Hyun Kim, Isabella Rosellini, Jong Keun Song, Han Earl Lee, Kyu-Ho Yi","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The shape and size of ears significantly influence facial aesthetics. In many Asian cultures, lying ears are not perceived favorably in Asian culture, leading individuals to seek surgical interventions to correct this issue. Also, due to the Ebbinghaus effect, prominent ears create a illusion of a smaller face, which is highly desired in Asians. However, surgeries to create prominent ears are invasive, can involve complications and necessitate a period of recovery. To address this concern, the authors have developed a technique utilizing hyaluronic acid (HA) injections of MAILI range (Sinclair Pharma) to enhance the appearance of lying ears.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HA injections were performed at the auriculocephalic sulcus and the helix to increase the cranioauricular angle (CA) and correct lying ears.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients showed improvements in ear prominence. The cranioauricular angle (CAA) and ear projection (EP) increased immediately after the procedure. No serious complications were noted.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The injection of hyaluronic acid (HA) into the ears successfully addressed the issue of lying ears and enhanced the overall facial profile. In addition, it provided a lifting effect that contributed to a more youthful and refined appearance. This minimally invasive procedure did not necessitate any recovery time, and the results were long-lasting and highly satisfactory.</p><p><strong>Evidence level: </strong>Level V.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of \"Imaging-based Surgical Site Infection Detection Using Artificial Intelligence\" by Muaddi H, Choudhary A, Lee F, et al. Annals of Surgery 2025;282:419-428.","authors":"Sam P Griffin, Larry H Hollier","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000012033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000012033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medial Brow Restoration Following Paramedian Forehead Flap Reconstruction: A Surgical Technique.","authors":"Muhammad H Minhas, Zaid Almubarak, Sami Khoury, Justin Shapiro, Corey C Moore","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000012046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000012046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The paramedian forehead flap is a versatile and widely used reconstruction technique for nasal defects. Although it can provide excellent aesthetic outcomes, the medial brow can be disrupted, leading to facial asymmetry and patient dissatisfaction. We describe a simple and reliable surgical technique for medial eyebrow reintegration performed at the time of forehead flap pedicle division.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between 2015 and 2024, 146 patients underwent medial eyebrow reconstruction using this technique at the time of their pedicle division. During the second stage of the forehead flap during pedicle division, a standardized technique using a semicircular incision and flap inset was employed to reposition the medial eyebrow into continuity with the remaining brow. Patient outcomes were assessed through follow-up visits, and aesthetic outcomes were reviewed descriptively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred forty-six patients underwent eyebrow reconstruction using this method at the time of the division of their forehead flap. All patients achieved natural-appearing medial-to-lateral brow continuity with high levels of satisfaction. Minor revisions were required in a limited number of cases including sensitive neuroma, and contour deformities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This reconstruction technique allows for reliable aesthetic restoration of the medial eyebrow after forehead flap reconstruction. It can be easily incorporated into standard practice during pedicle division and improves symmetry and patient satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Reliability and Readability of AI Chatbot Responses for Microtia Patient Education.","authors":"Supriya Dadi, Taylor Kring, Kyle Latz, David Cohen, Seth Thaller","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ear microtia is a congenital deformity that can range from mild underdevelopment to complete absence of the external ear. Often unilateral, it causes visible facial asymmetry leading to psychosocial distress for patients and families. Caregivers report feeling guilty and anxious, while patients experience increased rates of depression and social challenges. This is often a difficult time for the patient and their families, who often turn to AI chatbots for guidance before and after receiving definitive surgical care. This study evaluates the quality and readability of leading AI-based chatbots when responding to patient-centered questions about the condition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Popular AI chatbots (ChatGPT 4o, Google Gemini, DeepSeek, and OpenEvidence) were asked 25 queries about microtia developed from the FAQ section on hospital websites. Responses were evaluated using modified DISCERN criteria for quality and SMOG scoring for readability. ANOVA and post hoc analyses were performed to identify significant differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Google Gemini achieved the highest DISCERN score (M=37.16, SD=2.58), followed by OpenEvidence (M=32.19, SD=3.54). DeepSeek (M=30.76, SD=4.29) and ChatGPT (M=30.32, SD=2.97) had the lowest DISCERN scores. OpenEvidence had the worst readability (M=18.06, SD=1.12), followed by ChatGPT (M=16.32, SD=1.41). DeepSeek was the most readable (M=14.63, SD=1.60), closely followed by Google Gemini (M=14.73, SD=1.27). Overall, the average DISCERN and SMOG scores across all platforms were 32.19 (SD=4.43) and 15.93 (SD=1.94), respectively, indicating a good quality and an undergraduate reading level.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>None of the platforms consistently met both quality and readability standards, though Google Gemini performed relatively well. As reliance on AI for early health information grows, ensuring the accessibility of chatbot responses will be crucial for supporting informed decision-making and enhancing the patient experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Predictive Model for Size-Specific Temporoparietal Fascia Flap Planning in Porous Polyethylene-Based Auricular Reconstruction.","authors":"Lia Schoenfeld, Dean Ad-El, Yehiel Hayun, Sagit Meshulam-Derazon, Dafna Shilo-Yaacobi, Amir Kershenovich, Asaf Olshinka","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000012007","DOIUrl":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000012007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Temporoparietal fascia (TPF) flaps are routinely harvested in a standardized size for auricular reconstruction using porous polyethylene implants, regardless of implant dimensions. This approach may lead to unnecessary over-dissection and increased morbidity, particularly in patients for whom a smaller implant is appropriate. The authors aimed to develop a predictive model for size-specific TPF flap planning based on implant dimensions. Commercially available \"one-piece\" porous polyethylene auricular implants, from 3 size categories (\"small,\" \"medium,\" and \"large\"), were analyzed. Using a pliable fabric to simulate TPF, the minimal flap size required to fully cover each implant was determined under standardized conditions. These empirical measurements were used to develop 2 multiple linear regression models to estimate the minimal flap length and width dimensions based on implant geometry. Measured flap dimensions increased proportionally with implant size. For all the implants, the required flap surface area exceeded the computer-modeled surface area. This is likely due to the curvature and folding of the fascia around the 3D framework. Linear regression analysis yielded 2 predictive formulas for estimating the minimal flap length and width dimensions based on implant dimensions. Preliminary clinical application of the model confirmed adequate intraoperative coverage. This study presents a practical tool for personalized preoperative flap planning in porous polyethylene auricular reconstruction. A size-specific approach to TPF flap harvest may reduce operative time and morbidity, while maintaining robust implant coverage.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}