Journal of Craniofacial Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Comparing the Gendered Esthetic Expectations of the Renaissance Between Italian (Marinelli) and Northern European (Liebaut) Perspectives.","authors":"Kun Hwang","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study is to provide insights into broader societal values, the role of esthetics in self-presentation, and the interplay among health, morality, and beauty during the Renaissance by comparing the perspectives of Italian (Marinelli) and Northern European (Liebaut) authors. Giovanni Marinelli's \"The Ornaments of Women\" (1562) and Jean Liebaut's \"The Embellishment and Ornament of the Human Body\" (1582) were compared with a focus on historical and cultural exchange and gendered perceptions of beauty. Cosmetics, cosmetic surgery, hair, face, and breast were also examined. Marinelli advocated enhancing natural beauty through cosmetics and adornments, considering them legitimate tools for cultivating attractiveness. He supported these practices with medical reasoning, treating beauty care as an integral part of overall health. Liebaut adopted a more cautious stance, associating heavy use of cosmetics with moral corruption or deceit. Marinelli emphasizes symmetry and pallor as key indicators of feminine beauty, advocating for the use of masks and washes to attain smooth, pale skin. Liebaut, while concurring on the importance of symmetry and smoothness, adds a moral aspect by describing the face as a \"mirror\" of one's inner virtue. Marinelli emphasizes the importance of breast size and firmness, recommending specific lotions and massage techniques. He advocates for small, rounded breasts, which are viewed as symbols of youth and fertility. Liebaut approaches the topic of breasts from more clinical perspective, associating their care with maternal health and moral propriety. These differences are believed to stem from regional and societal variations between Italian and Northern European perspectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Manifestations of and Surgical Treatment Strategies for Tessier No. 3 and No. 4 Clefts in Chinese Patients: A Large Retrospective Case Series.","authors":"Zheng Zhang, Zhijia Hou, Yue Wang, Lan Ma, Dongmei Li","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Summary background: </strong>Tessier no. 3 and no. 4 clefts are rare and difficult-to-treat orbitofacial malformations. The aim of the present study is to describe the clinical manifestations of these rare clefts observed in 21 patients treated with surgery over the past 15 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The clinical data of all patients with Tessier no. 3 and no. 4 clefts treated between 2009 and 2024 by a single senior surgeon were reviewed. The patient's demographic data and associated clinical findings, including eyelid, lacrimal system, and eyeball anomalies, were recorded. The reconstruction methods used for each patient were noted and evaluated retrospectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 21 eyes of 21 patients with Tessier no. 3 and no. 4 clefts who underwent plastic surgery. Eight males and thirteen females were identified, and the age at initial treatment ranged from 1 to 20 years. A lower eyelid coloboma was observed in most patients (14 patients); 12 of whom presented with medial canthus dystopia. Seven patients presented with isolated medial canthus dystopia. Thirteen patients had lacrimal system anomalies. Microphthalmia and ipsilateral anophthalmia were detected in 5 and 3 patients, respectively. Satisfactory esthetic and functional outcomes were achieved in all patients owing to the use of traditional techniques and techniques modified by the authors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The clinical manifestations of Tessier no. 3 and no. 4 facial clefts vary, thus treatment plans and techniques must be personalized to meet the needs for each patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Plasticity of Aging and Plastic Surgery for Older People.","authors":"Kun Hwang","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011292","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Accuracy of Bilateral Sagittal Split Horizontal Osteotomy Using Ascending Ramus Geometry: A Human Cadaveric Study.","authors":"Abdulkarim Alanazi, Raed Alsomali, Salamah Alsharari, Faisal Alshehri, Mohammad Alshaer, Mohamed Hassan, Randa Alfotawi","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sagittal split osteotomy (SSO) is a routine procedure, but postoperative nerve disturbance (PNSD) remains a challenge. This study aimed to perform medial horizontal osteotomy (MHO) guided by ascending ramus geometry and avoid excessive deep medial dissection to locate the lingula. The authors hypothesized that the MHO would be located midway between the 2 main reference points: the subcoronoid (the point of concurrency of an internal and external oblique ridge of the ascending ramus of the mandible) and the medial point at the wideband at the retromolar trigon. SSO was performed on 40 cadaveric hemimandibles. In each cadaver head, the proposed hypothesis was applied to the left side (experimental side), and conventional MHO was performed which required medial dissection and location of the lingula before performing the osteotomy on the right side of the mandible. Variables such as mandibular foramen (MF) position, lingual split scale (LSS), and inferior border fractures were analyzed. The independent variables were the mandibular canal, mylohyoid groove, and dental status/alveolar ridge classification. Wilcoxon signed-rank test for categorical data. Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used to correlate different study variables. There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 sides but tooth status strongly correlated with MHO position. Consequently, the MHO was located above the lingual region in all dentate cadavers. The location of the nerve was reported at distal segments of the experimental and control sides in 45% and 40%, respectively, at P=0.07. There was a strong correlation between the location of the IAN and the type of LSS and the presence of nerve mylohyoid groove at -584 and 0.645 (P=0.007 and 0.002, respectively) for both sides. Using ascending ramus geometry avoids excessive dissection, reducing PNSD risk, would contribute in developing or ameliorating the current machine learning algorithms to effectively perform surgical planning of dentomaxillofacial deformities using artificial intelligence (AI).</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"St. Paul's Transformation and the Church's Attitude to Modern Plastic Surgery.","authors":"Kun Hwang","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>St. Paul's dramatic transformation from persecutor to apostle exemplifies a profound spiritual metamorphosis that underscores the interplay between inner renewal, physical change, and faith. This study examines St. Paul's writings on self-transformation, the body's sacredness, and spiritual growth, juxtaposed with modern perspectives on cosmetic surgery to reconcile faith, esthetics, and medicine. Key passages from Paul's letters (Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, and 1 Timothy) were analyzed for themes of self-transformation, attitudes toward the body, physical weakness as spiritual strength, and prioritization of inner beauty. These insights were applied to examine the ethical, psychological, and theological implications of modern cosmetic surgery in light of Christian ideals. Paul's transformation-marked by temporary blindness, restored sight, and a rebirth of purpose-highlights the body's role in spiritual awakening. His teachings emphasize the body as a temple of the Holy Spirit, cautioning against excessive focus on physical appearance while promoting holistic well-being, spiritual priorities, and identity. Similarly, modern cosmetic surgery reflects a pursuit of transformation, whether addressing trauma, aging, or esthetic ideals, paralleling Paul's emphasis on sacrifice, humility, and inner growth. The study concludes that while reconstructive procedures align with Christian principles of alleviating suffering and honoring the body, surgeries motivated by vanity may conflict with spiritual values. Paul's perspective invites surgeons and patients to prioritize inner peace, self-acceptance, and ethical responsibility over superficial perfection. By integrating theology, psychology, and medical ethics, practitioners can guide transformations that respect the body's sanctity, preserve its spiritual purpose, and enhance the individual's overall well-being and harmony.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Plastic Surgery in \"Graceful Aging\".","authors":"Kun Hwang","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011354","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Wrinkles and Folds From the Anatomist's, Plastic Surgeon's, and Philosopher's View.","authors":"Kun Hwang","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this paper was to compare the perspectives of anatomists, plastic surgeons, and philosophers on wrinkles and folds. Anatomists focus on the functional and structural aspects of wrinkles and folds, considering them biological phenomena that either facilitate movement and flexibility or arise from the body's natural aging process. Plastic surgeons focus on esthetic restoration, striving to eliminate or reduce wrinkles and folds, which they frequently regard as unwanted signs of aging that compromise a youthful appearance. Gilles Deleuze interprets wrinkles and folds as philosophical symbols, seeing them as manifestations of life's richness and complexity, and as representations of how time and experience are embedded in the human body and the world. Anatomists view aging as a biological process that leads to wrinkles and folds, which are the result of structural changes in the skin and tissues. Plastic surgeons approach aging as a condition to be mitigated or reversed, with the goal of preserving smooth, youthful skin. Deleuze, on the other hand, sees aging as an integral part of the creative process of becoming, considering wrinkles as markers of life's depth rather than imperfections that need correction. For anatomists and plastic surgeons, wrinkles typically carry a negative connotation associated with deterioration or the necessity for correction. In contrast, Deleuze views wrinkles as affirmations of life's unfolding, representing depth and multiplicity rather than mere imperfections to be eliminated. Plastic surgeons could gain a richer perspective on esthetics by studying both the surgical anatomy and the philosophy of wrinkles and aging processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing Mandibular Morphology in Robin Sequence-A 3D Statistical Shape Analysis.","authors":"Khalid El Ghoul, Eimear O' Sullivan, Praveen Kumar Guntaka, Gwen G van Heesch, Koen F M Joosten, Bas Pullens, Roman H Khonsari, Cory M Resnick, Lara S van de Lande, Eppo B Wolvius","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Robin sequence (RS) is a congenital condition and constitutes the triad of micrognathia, glossoptosis, and upper airway obstruction. While micrognathia is a cardinal feature of RS, its assessment is largely subjective. The aim of the present study is to describe 3D mandibular morphology in patients with RS and age-related mandibular shape variation compared with an age-matched control group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>3D reconstructions of the mandible were obtained from CT-imaging of children with isolated (iRS) and nonisolated RS (niRS). Principal Component Analysis was used to describe variation in mandibular morphology. Partial Least Squares and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) were used to compare shape differences between patients with RS and 1:1 age-matched control groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 84 patients with iRS and 48 with niRS were included with a mean age of 5.4±8.4 months versus 11.0±13.9 months (P-value<0.001). For the iRS and niRS groups, the first principal component primarily constituted allometric shape variation, as a high correlation was noted with age in both groups (Spearman R=0.79). Compared with the control group, both the iRS and niRS mandibles displayed shorter condylar necks, shorter mandibular bodies, and less pronounced, more rounded symphyseal projection (MANOVA, P-value<0.001). For both groups, a persistent difference in age-related shape changes along the first shape variable compared with the age-matched control group is observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Variation in mandibular morphology in patients with RS for the included age range is primarily due to allometric shape changes. Patients with RS have distinct mandibular morphology relative to age-matched controls. The differences observed in the comparison of age-related shape changes are suggestive of a persistent dysmorphology for patients with iRS and niRS. Future studies will explore the association of mandibular morphology with clinical parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoscopic-Assisted Decompression Combined With Secondary Curettage for the Treatment of Large Mandibular Keratocyst With Subsequent Implant Restoration.","authors":"Zhenyu Su, Dapeng Xu, Chao Sun","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a common cystic lesion of the jawbone, and its treatment remains challenging due to its locally aggressive growth characteristics. The authors treated a large mandibular OKC with endoscopy-assisted decompression combined with secondary curettage, achieving satisfactory results, and eventually completed implant restoration treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Cavernous Sinus Arteriovenous Fistulas.","authors":"Xiuyu Han, Yan Wang, Fancheng Meng, Fei Wang","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with bilateral cavernous sinus combined with dural arteriovenous fistula in the intercavernous sinus area are very rare. Cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula is mostly associated with venous thrombosis and venous hypertension. It can be treated curatively by the venous route.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}