Xuanye Jia, Ruonan Su, Jiajun Zhi, Fengli Jiang, Haiyue Jiang, Bo Pan
{"title":"Study on Time Distribution and Pathogenic Bacteria of Infection After Auricular Reconstruction With Tissue Expansion for Microtia.","authors":"Xuanye Jia, Ruonan Su, Jiajun Zhi, Fengli Jiang, Haiyue Jiang, Bo Pan","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postoperative infection is one of the main complications that affect the surgical effect of auricular reconstruction with tissue expansion. Understanding the susceptible time and distribution of pathogens is especially important for the treatment.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The data of patients with infection after auricular reconstruction with tissue expansion from September 1, 2018 to August 30, 2024 were collected retrospectively. The microbe species identification results, diagnosis time of infection, surgical methods, and kinds of pathogenic bacteria were analyzed. Statistical methods were used to analyze and calculate the difference in infection time and the distribution of pathogenic bacteria.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>From September 1, 2018 to August 30, 2024, 237 cases of infection after auricle reconstruction with tissue expansion were diagnosed, and 252 strains of 18 kinds of pathogenic bacteria were detected. Among them, S. aureus (85 strains, 33.73%) and S. epidermidis (40 strains, 15.87%) were the 2 main pathogens. Postoperative infection mainly occurred in the first stage (72 cases, 30.38%) and the second stage (98 cases, 41.35%). The MRSA infection rate in the second stage (24.46%) was significantly higher than that in the other stages. The infection rate was significantly higher in winter (from November to January) (P<0.05). There was no significant difference among other seasons (P>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The main pathogen of infection after ear reconstruction with tissue expansion is Staphylococcus aureus, and winter is the peak period of infection. There are some differences in infection rate and distribution of pathogenic bacteria in different stages of surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Skyler K Palmer, Alexandra Danciutiu, Diego A Gomez, Bruno Salazar, Antonio R Porras, Brooke French, Phuong D Nguyen, David Y Khechoyan
{"title":"Pediatric Craniofacial Injuries Involving Alcohol: An Epidemiologic Study.","authors":"Skyler K Palmer, Alexandra Danciutiu, Diego A Gomez, Bruno Salazar, Antonio R Porras, Brooke French, Phuong D Nguyen, David Y Khechoyan","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Alcohol intoxication significantly increases an individual's risk for a variety of injuries including craniofacial injuries, although this research is limited to adults. Further research is needed on pediatric craniofacial injuries related to alcohol use in children, a group inherently different in anatomy and developmental considerations from adults. This study aims to identify alcohol-related craniofacial injury patterns, injury mechanisms, and patient disposition in the pediatric population presenting to the emergency department.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analysis of alcohol-related injuries in the pediatric population (0-18 years of age) was performed using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database from 2019 to 2023. Patient demographics, specific primary and secondary injury diagnoses, injury mechanism, location, and discharge disposition were collected. Descriptive statistics and χ2 tests were used to understand injury patterns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 266 patients with alcohol-related craniofacial injuries were identified, with an age range of 12 to 18 years. The most common craniofacial injuries were brain injury, facial laceration, and concussions. Additional injuries occurred in most patients and were often either poisoning or an additional craniofacial injury. Injury mechanisms included falls, motorized and non-motorized recreational vehicles, motor vehicle collisions, and others. Although most patients were discharged from the emergency department, some required transfer or admission, particularly those with brain injuries or fractures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study evaluates pediatric craniofacial injuries involving alcohol. Falls emerged as the most common injury mechanism, and most injuries occurred in older adolescents. This population had high rates of brain injury and concomitant injuries, highlighting the significant morbidity present.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proactive Surgical Management and Outcomes of Unilateral Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fractures in Major Trauma Patients: A National Level I Center Experience.","authors":"Min Ji Kim, Jun Suk Lee, Hyoseob Lim","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Managing facial trauma in patients with severe polytrauma presents significant challenges due to competing priorities, poor systemic conditions, and delayed surgical timing. At a national level I trauma center, the authors evaluated the feasibility and outcomes of proactive surgical intervention for unilateral zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures in severe trauma patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 81 patients with unilateral ZMC fractures treated at a regional level I trauma center between October 2019 and August 2021. Patients were categorized into high and low trauma severity groups based on the injury severity score (ISS). Three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography analyses were performed to evaluate surgical outcomes, including dimensional distances (Dx, Dy, and Dz) and the Asymmetry Index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 81 patients, 52 underwent surgical intervention. No significant differences were observed in 3D distances (Dx, Dy, and Dz) between the high and low ISS groups, both preoperatively and postoperatively. However, postoperative symmetry was superior in the high ISS group (P < 0.010). The average delay from injury to surgery was slightly longer in the high ISS group (8.69 versus 7.35 d, P = 0.248). Complications such as diplopia and paresthesia were more common in the high ISS group, but no significant differences in overall complication rates were observed between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Proactive surgical management of unilateral ZMC fractures in major trauma patients is effective. Despite the systemic challenges in this population, timely intervention resulted in superior postoperative symmetry in the high ISS group and comparable 3D outcomes across trauma severities.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Massimo Vitale, Alessio Redaelli, Andrea Lazzarotto, Roberto Dell'Avanzato, Jovian Wan, Kyu-Ho Yi
{"title":"Upper Lip Single-Point Technique for Lip Reshaping: A Safe, Minimalistic Approach in Over 500 Cases-A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Massimo Vitale, Alessio Redaelli, Andrea Lazzarotto, Roberto Dell'Avanzato, Jovian Wan, Kyu-Ho Yi","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lip augmentation has become one of the most popular esthetic procedures globally, driven by societal standards that equate full lips with youth and sensuality. While young individuals often seek volume enhancement for lip beautification, older adults pursue lip rejuvenation to counter aging effects, such as volume loss, fine lines, and reduced definition. A range of techniques has been developed to meet these esthetic goals, but achieving natural and safe results remains a challenge. This study evaluates the single-point technique (SPT), a novel approach for lip augmentation that utilizes a single injection point to reshape and enhance the lips while prioritizing vascular safety. Single-point technique applies linear retrograde injections to project, define, and evert the lips with minimal trauma. Two cases of M-shaped lips demonstrate the effectiveness of SPT in achieving balanced, esthetically pleasing results with lasting effects beyond 6 months. Through a detailed review of lip anatomy, filler selection, and injection techniques, this paper presents SPT as a refined approach for practitioners seeking optimal, natural lip enhancement outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adir Cohen, Heli Rushinek, Amjad Shhadeh, Michael Alterman, Nardy Casap
{"title":"Postoperative Outcomes in Condylar Hyperplasia: Proportional Condylectomy Versus Orthognathic Surgery.","authors":"Adir Cohen, Heli Rushinek, Amjad Shhadeh, Michael Alterman, Nardy Casap","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The management of patients with facial asymmetry caused by condylar hyperplasia remains a subject of ongoing debate. This study compared active patients with unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) who underwent proportional condylectomy with ceased patients with UCH who underwent orthognathic surgery, evaluating esthetics, function, and satisfaction. The retrospective study included 2 groups: group A, with 15 active patients with UCH who underwent proportional condylectomy, and group B, with 22 ceased patients with UCH who underwent orthognathic surgery. Facial, occlusal, and skeletal changes were analyzed using photographic and radiologic records, along with a satisfaction questionnaire. Both groups showed significant improvements. Group A's chin deviation, dental midline, and occlusal plane canting improved by 58.5% (P < 0.001), 56.5% (P < 0.001), and 70.0% (P < 0.001), respectively. Group B's corresponding improvements were 60.1% (P < 0.001), 79.4% (P < 0.001), and 64.9% (P < 0.001). Patient satisfaction was high in both groups, without significant differences in postoperative results, esthetics, and functional satisfaction. In conclusion, Proportional condylectomy for UCH achieves comparable outcomes with orthognathic surgery in facial, occlusal, and skeletal improvements and patient satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Combination of Vascularized and Non-vascularized Fibula Free Flap With Dermofat Graft for Maxilla and Mandibula Reconstruction After Malignant Spindle Cell Tumor Resection.","authors":"Melia Bogari, Cut Firza Humaira, Sara Ester Triatmoko, Yuanita Safitri Dianti","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The spindle cell tumor is a variant of sarcomatoid carcinoma that mostly affects the oral cavity. Bone involvement in this tumor leads to a wide excision, which sometimes requires resection of both the maxilla and mandible. The maxilla and mandible are important bones that function to form the 3-dimensional dimensions of the facial bones. The fibular bone can be selected to replace the facial bone because of its strong structure with a skin paddle, long pedicle, and proper bone shape. The authors present the case of a 24-year-old female who underwent maxillectomy and total hemimandibulectomy after a spindle cell tumor resection. The free fibular flap was harvested and divided into several segments to close the mandible and maxilla. However, the vascularized bone was insufficient; thus, non-vascularized bone was used in combination to reconstruct the maxilla. Six months after bone reconstruction, a dermofat graft was placed to fill the cheek structure. During the 6 months of follow-up, the vascularized and non-vascularized fibular bones were well arranged. Intraoral placement of a skin paddle covering the maxilla and mandible was viable. Both functional and esthetic outcomes were attained in patients with high satisfaction rates. Although there are many reconstruction options for patients with post-wide tumor excision, the fibula free flap remains the main choice as a replacement for facial bones because it has a strong and firm bone structure that can resemble facial bones; thus, a non-vascularized bone graft can be used in combination to cover the defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beraki Abraha, Oliva Macintyre, Hannah Brennan, Paul Hong, Michael Bezuhly
{"title":"Outcomes of Tongue Reduction Surgery in Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Beraki Abraha, Oliva Macintyre, Hannah Brennan, Paul Hong, Michael Bezuhly","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Macroglossia is a frequent clinical feature of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), a congenital overgrowth disorder. Macroglossia can lead to abnormal breathing, feeding, speech, and dentoskeletal development. Partial glossectomy is a common intervention aimed at reducing these abnormalities. The optimal timing of partial glossectomy remains controversial due to the potential need for secondary surgery and the ongoing growth of the tongue in early childhood.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>After PRISMA-ScR and PRISMA-S reporting standards, this systematic review included English language studies of patients with BWS who underwent partial glossectomy. Data were extracted, including patient age, clinical outcomes, and follow-up. Study evidence levels were categorized based on a recognized hierarchy, and bias was assessed using the MINORS criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Early tongue reduction surgery (<24 mo) was associated with a lower incidence of class 3 occlusion and anterior open bite compared with later surgery. Improvements in speech intelligibility, tongue mobility, and breathing outcomes, including a reduction in obstructive sleep apnea, were observed, especially in early surgical groups. Feeding and drooling outcomes improved across both early and late surgical interventions, although no direct comparisons were made between the 2. Overall, tongue reduction surgery demonstrated benefits in functional outcomes, whereas dentoskeletal improvements remained variable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although there is a lack of consensus to the optimal age for the procedure, overall tongue reduction surgery in BWS seems to have functional benefits, including in speech, feeding, and breathing. Dentoskeletal outcomes are more variable. Variability in macroglossia severity, surgical technique, and surgeon experience may account for differences in reported outcomes across studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiawei Zhou, Zhe Mao, Kairui Chen, Shuzheng Xu, Yingqiu Cui
{"title":"CBCT-Based Analysis of Factors Influencing the Quality of New Bone Formation Following Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis in Children With Pierre Robin Sequence.","authors":"Jiawei Zhou, Zhe Mao, Kairui Chen, Shuzheng Xu, Yingqiu Cui","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to explore the factors influencing the quality of new bone formation after distraction osteogenesis in children with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS). Using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), bone density relative grayscale values of the region of new bone formation before and 3 to 4 months after mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) were measured in 80 children with PRS, and correlation analysis was conducted with the potential clinical influencing factors of the children. CBCT reconstruction of the panoramic film showed that the new bone formation was good at 3 to 4 months after MDO. There was a statistically significant difference in the gray value of cancellous bone before and after the operation (P<0.01). The gray values of bilateral mandibular new bone after MDO were related to cleft palate, preoperative weight, preoperative body mass index (BMI), and distraction length. Finally, the variables included in the multiple linear regression model were cleft palate and preoperative BMI. At 3 to 4 months after MDO, the mineralization degree of cancellous bone in the central region of the bilateral mandibular new bone formation area was lower. The presence of cleft palate and preoperative BMI were identified as the main factors influencing the new bone formation in bilateral mandibles after MDO. This may be attributed to the catch-up nutritional acquisition and growth promotion in children, which facilitates new bone formation, along with greater chewing muscle strength to prevent mineral loss from bones.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katherine A Gossett, Serena N Kassam, Tyler M Rist, Jenna Thuman, Seth Stalcup, Milad Yazdani, Mathew J Gregoski, Krishna G Patel
{"title":"Normative Palatal Measurements in Infants: Implications for Nasoalveolar Molding in Cleft Lip and Palate Patients.","authors":"Katherine A Gossett, Serena N Kassam, Tyler M Rist, Jenna Thuman, Seth Stalcup, Milad Yazdani, Mathew J Gregoski, Krishna G Patel","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children with cleft lip ± palate (CL/P) may undergo nasoalveolar molding (NAM) before surgery to achieve arch alignment and tension-free closure, yet the endpoint of arch dimensions has not been defined.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To characterize the size and shape of infant palates using anatomic landmarks on magnetic resonance imaging in infants without CL/P.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Magnetic resonance imaging of infants without cleft palate younger than 3 months were reviewed and 13 measurements were taken to define palatal shape: distance between incisive foramen (IF) and incisors (IN), IF and middle of canines (MOC), between MOCs, between first molars (FM), 2 depth and 4 angle measurements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-two infants between 30 and 44 weeks old were included. Pre-maxillary growth from 30 to 44 weeks demonstrated the slowest growth (0.06 cm) from IF to between IN (B) and the greatest growth (0.7 cm) between the width of FM (K). The measurements between MOC (J) and between FMs (K) had the highest positive correlation to age at 0.55 and 0.61, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was predictable growth of the palate noted between 30 and 44 weeks, with the most predictive measurements represented by the width of the canines and first molar locations along the alveolus. These values can help guide pre-surgical orthopedics in infants with CL/P.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aesthetic Reconstruction of Huge Full-Thickness Defection of Lower Eyelid Using Nasolabial Mucosal-Myocutaneous Propeller Flap.","authors":"Yu Zhang, Xi Zhang, Jie Chen","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reconstruction after the excision of a lower eyelid tumor should be focused on the restoration of both functionality and aesthetic appeal. Accurate identification and appropriate intervention are crucial for the favorable resolution of the condition. This technique used a nasolabial mucosal-myocutaneous propeller flap to reconstruct a huge full-thickness defection of right lower eyelid because of basal cell carcinoma. Therefore, the nasolabial mucosal-myocutaneous propeller flap displayed an excellent adaptation to the orbital structure, ensuring high graft survivability, and yielding an aesthetically pleasing outcome with negligible morbidity at the donor site. This case serves as an important reminder to choose the nasolabial mucosal-myocutaneous propeller flap, which was viable and could be applied to reconstruct the skin, tarsus, and palpebral conjunctiva at a time.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}