Experiments in Linguistic Meaning最新文献_第2页

Modeling the Role of Polysemy in Verb Categorization 一词多义在动词分类中的作用

Experiments in Linguistic Meaning Pub Date : 2023-01-27 DOI: 10.3765/elm.2.5379

Elizabeth Soper, Jean-Pierre Koenig

引用次数: 0

Transparency in the processing of temporal ambiguity: The case of embedded tense 时间歧义处理中的透明性:以嵌入时态为例

Experiments in Linguistic Meaning Pub Date : 2023-01-27 DOI: 10.3765/elm.2.5390

Giuliano Armenante, Vera Hohaus, Britta Stolterfoht

引用次数: 0

On the interpretation of German einige. The effect of tense and cardinality 论德语einige的解释。时态和基数的影响

Experiments in Linguistic Meaning Pub Date : 2023-01-27 DOI: 10.3765/elm.2.5414

Maya Cortez Espinoza, Lea Fricke

{"title":"On the interpretation of German einige. The effect of tense and cardinality","authors":"Maya Cortez Espinoza, Lea Fricke","doi":"10.3765/elm.2.5414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3765/elm.2.5414","url":null,"abstract":"We present a study investigating the effect of tense (past vs. future) on the computation of scalar implicatures in connection with the German quantifier einige ‘some’ in an interactive experiment, which included a financial incentive for participants to consider whether another speaker would share their judgment. We tested the hypothesis that scalar implicatures are less frequently drawn in future tense than in past tense. In addition, we studied to what extent sets with various cardinalities are prototypical representatives of einige + N. We hypothesized that larger cardinalities are more prototypical representatives of the quantifier einige than smaller cardinalities (relative to the cardinality of the total set). We analyzed the experimental data with probabilistic Bayesian models with a linking hypothesis between participants’ responses and readings based on utility maximization in simple decision problems. In line with the hypotheses, we found that less scalar implicatures are drawn in future tense than in past tense, which replicates the results of previous research on English some, and that with an increase in set size acceptance of statements involving einige also increases.","PeriodicalId":154565,"journal":{"name":"Experiments in Linguistic Meaning","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130755537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Nonboolean Conditionals Nonboolean条件

Experiments in Linguistic Meaning Pub Date : 2023-01-27 DOI: 10.3765/elm.2.5377

P. Santorio, Alexis Wellwood

引用次数: 2

You must worry! The interpretation of mustn’t varies with context and verbal complement 你一定很担心!“mustn’t”的解释随语境和言语补语的不同而不同

Experiments in Linguistic Meaning Pub Date : 2023-01-27 DOI: 10.3765/elm.2.5372

A. C. Bleotu, Anton Benz, R. Pǎtrunjel

{"title":"You must worry! The interpretation of mustn’t varies with context and verbal complement","authors":"A. C. Bleotu, Anton Benz, R. Pǎtrunjel","doi":"10.3765/elm.2.5372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3765/elm.2.5372","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate experimentally whether American English adult speakers are influenced in their interpretation of mustn’t by pragmatic context (contexts favoring lack of necessity/necessity not to readings) and/or the semantic properties of the verbal complements of the modal (verbs denoting events in the physical realm vs. verbs expressing undesirable mental activities). In an experiment combining a forced choice task and a gradient acceptability task, participants saw sentences containing mustn’t and physical events/negative mental activities in lack of necessity/necessity not to contexts (e.g., You mustn’t worry. The woman will give you money) They had to choose the most suitable interpretation of mustn’t ('it is necessary not to'/'it is not necessary' interpretations). They then had to rate the acceptability of the sentences containing mustn’t in context on a Likert scale from 1 to 7. We find that participants split into two groups: an Interdiction Group, which always treated mustn’t as expressing interdiction, and a Variation Group, which tended to interpret mustn’t as lack of necessity when the context favored such a reading and when the verbal complement the modal combined with was a negative mental activity. We argue that the lack of necessity reading of mustn’t is obtained via pragmatic weakening from its primary interdiction reading, and that this process is sensitive to context, as well as to the cognitive difficulty of imposing or forbidding mental (but not physical) activities to others.","PeriodicalId":154565,"journal":{"name":"Experiments in Linguistic Meaning","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123926052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Reading times show effects of contextual complexity and uncertainty in comprehension of German universal quantifiers 阅读时间表现出语境复杂性和语境不确定性对德语通用量词理解的影响

Experiments in Linguistic Meaning Pub Date : 2023-01-27 DOI: 10.3765/elm.2.5392

Fabian Schlotterbeck, Petra Augurzky

引用次数: 0

Semantics of Non-Doxastic Attitude Ascriptions from Experimental Perspective 实验视角下非随机态度归因的语义

Experiments in Linguistic Meaning Pub Date : 2023-01-27 DOI: 10.3765/elm.2.5364

Wojciech Rostworowski, K. Kuś, Bartosz Maćkiewicz

{"title":"Semantics of Non-Doxastic Attitude Ascriptions from Experimental Perspective","authors":"Wojciech Rostworowski, K. Kuś, Bartosz Maćkiewicz","doi":"10.3765/elm.2.5364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3765/elm.2.5364","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents novel experimental data regarding reports of non-doxastic attitudes (expressed by verbs such as “wants”, “fear”, “is glad”, and etc.) As observed by some theorists, non-doxastic attitude ascriptions differ from the ascriptions of doxastic attitudes (e.g., “believes”) in that they do not support simple entailments or presuppositions of their complement clause. In particular, an ascription may intuitively change its truth-value if we alter the informational structure of the embedded clause without modifying its truth conditions. We present two experiments whose results support this observation. Experiment 1 shows that the truth-value and acceptability judgements of non-doxastic attitude ascriptions in a context generally depend on the informational structure of the embedded clause. Experiment 2 reveals that the truth-value judgements vary if we manipulate not only the “presupposition-assertion” structure of embedded clause, but also the components related to non-presuppositional entailments of the clause. This conclusion suggests that the contents on which attitude verbs operate should be represented as structured entities.","PeriodicalId":154565,"journal":{"name":"Experiments in Linguistic Meaning","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117302487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The enduring effects of default focus in let alone ellipsis: Evidence from pupillometry. 默认焦点的持久影响，更不用说省略:来自瞳孔测量的证据。

Experiments in Linguistic Meaning Pub Date : 2023-01-27 DOI: 10.3765/elm.2.5363

J. Harris

引用次数: 0

Crosslinguistic differences on the Present Perfect Puzzle: An experimental approach 现在完成谜题的跨语言差异:一个实验方法

Experiments in Linguistic Meaning Pub Date : 2023-01-27 DOI: 10.3765/elm.2.5366

Martín Fuchs, Martijn van der Klis

{"title":"Crosslinguistic differences on the Present Perfect Puzzle: An experimental approach","authors":"Martín Fuchs, Martijn van der Klis","doi":"10.3765/elm.2.5366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3765/elm.2.5366","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we analyze how different temporal and referential properties of past-referring adverbials – specifically, hodiernality and deixis – are partially responsible for the crosslinguistic distribution of PAST and PERFECT markers across Dutch, Spanish, and English. To that end, we conducted an acceptability judgment task, where 160 subjects per language rated context-sentence pairs that display either a PAST or a PERFECT marker, and a temporal adverbial that is: (i) either temporally close to or temporally far from the speech time, and (ii), either deictic or not deictic. Results show that: (a) Dutch allows for its PERFECT marker to combine with any past-referring temporal adverbial, (b) Spanish only allows its PERFECT marker to combine with adverbials that locate the event temporally close to speech time, regardless of deixis, and (iii) that English prefers its PAST marker in all past-referring situations, but allows its PERFECT to combine with adverbials that are both deictic and temporally close to speech time, particularly when the adverb specifies an interval that is included in the day of utterance (e.g., this morning), as opposed to adverbs that describe an interval that includes it (e.g., this month). ","PeriodicalId":154565,"journal":{"name":"Experiments in Linguistic Meaning","volume":"162 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122003436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When Transformer models are more compositional than humans: The case of the depth charge illusion 当变形金刚模型比人类更有组份时:深度炸弹错觉的例子

Experiments in Linguistic Meaning Pub Date : 2023-01-27 DOI: 10.3765/elm.2.5370

Dario Paape

引用次数: 1