Journal of Colloid Science最新文献_第3页

A microcalorimetric estimation of the surface acidity of NiSO4·xH2O and catalytically active Al2O3 NiSO4·xH2O和催化活性Al2O3表面酸度的微量热测定

Journal of Colloid Science Pub Date : 1965-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90056-5

William H. Wade, Shiichiro Teranishi, Jack L. Durham

引用次数: 3

Nonionic surface-active compounds. X. Effect of solvent on micellar properties 非离子表面活性化合物。十、溶剂对胶束性质的影响

Journal of Colloid Science Pub Date : 1965-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90046-2

Paul Becher

引用次数: 55

Electrochemistry of silver iodide. Double layer properties in the presence of adsorbed organic molecules 碘化银的电化学。吸附有机分子时的双层性质

Journal of Colloid Science Pub Date : 1965-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90043-7

B.H Bijsterbosch, J Lyklema

引用次数: 46

Turbidimetric studies of the interaction of aqueous micelles of phosphatidic acid with cations 磷脂酸胶束与阳离子相互作用的浊度法研究

Journal of Colloid Science Pub Date : 1965-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90051-6

Morris B Abramson, Robert Katzman , Robert Curci

{"title":"Turbidimetric studies of the interaction of aqueous micelles of phosphatidic acid with cations","authors":"Morris B Abramson, Robert Katzman , Robert Curci","doi":"10.1016/0095-8522(65)90051-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0095-8522(65)90051-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Aqueous micelles of phosphatidic acid are prepared by ultrasonic radiation. In the pH range studied, ≧ 7, these dispersions consist of highly charged polyanions and have low turbidities. The interactions of buffered systems of phosphatidic acid with cations can be studied by turbidimetric titrations. At pH 7.2, increased turbidity occurs in 0.2 N LiCl or 0.4 N NaCl, however, KCl and tetramethylammonium chloride produce no change up to concentrations of 0.75 N. In 10−5 M CaC12 the turbidity increases and rises steeply to 2 × 10−4 M. Somewhat higher concentrations are necessary with MgCl2 . Additions of univalent cations to phosphatidic acid containing Ca reduces the turbidity by exchange with Ca.In systems containing sodium citrate, the concentrations of CaCl2 required to produce given turbidity changes are greater than in comparable systems containing NaCl. This gives a measure of the concentration of CaCit− formed. From the known formation constant of CaCit−, the Ca+2 concentration in equilibrium with the anions of citric and phosphatidic acids is calculated. This permits the evaluation of the formation constant of CaPA. Values obtained at pH 7.2, 8.8, and 9.6 are 1.2 × 104.</div>","PeriodicalId":15437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Colloid Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0095-8522(65)90051-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16902854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

The discrete-ion effect and mutual antagonism in a hydrophobic sol containing A 1-1 + 2-2 electrolyte mixture 含有1-1 + 2-2电解质混合物的疏水溶胶中的离散离子效应和相互拮抗作用

Journal of Colloid Science Pub Date : 1965-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90045-0

S Levine , G.M Bell

{"title":"The discrete-ion effect and mutual antagonism in a hydrophobic sol containing A 1-1 + 2-2 electrolyte mixture","authors":"S Levine , G.M Bell","doi":"10.1016/0095-8522(65)90045-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0095-8522(65)90045-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The so-called discreteness-of-charge effect (or discrete-ion effect) for adsorbed counter-ions is incorporated into the stability theory of lyophobic colloids of Derjaguin and Landau and Verwey and Overbeek, for a coagulating 1-1 + 2-2 electrolyte mixture in an aqueous medium. The interaction of two parallel negatively charged colloidal plates in a large volume of the dispersion medium is considered and the approximation of linear superposition of the double layer potential distributions is employed. The Stern-Grahame-Devanathan model is used for the inner region and the Gouy-Chapman theory is applied to the diffuse layer. It is assumed that both the univalent and divalent cations (counter-ions) of the electrolyte mixture are adsorbed on the plate walls and, for simplicity, that the two ion types are situated at the same distance from the wall on the inner Helmholtz plane. Corrections due to the self-atmosphere potentials of the adsorbed ions (discrete-ion effect) and to the entropy effect arising from ion size are introduced into the adsorption isotherms of the two types of counter-ions. It is shown that the theory predicts the phenomenon of mutual antagonism when the self-atmosphere potential of the adsorbed divalent cation is sufficiently large. Among the conditions that favor antagonism are strong adsorption of the divalent cations and low integral capacity of the inner region. Plots of the coagulation curves in the (n, p) plane, where n and p are the concentrations of 1-1 and 2-2 electrolytes, respectively, show the usual pattern of antagonism, as obtained experimentally.</div>","PeriodicalId":15437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Colloid Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0095-8522(65)90045-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82577776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Molecular association in pairs of long-chain compounds. IV. Influence of cation and the hydroxyl position on the alkyl sulfate, alkyl alcohol association 长链化合物成对的分子结合。阳离子和羟基位置对烷基硫酸盐、烷基醇缔合反应的影响

Journal of Colloid Science Pub Date : 1965-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90050-4

H.C Kung, E.D Goddard

引用次数: 14

Stability of non-aqueous dispersions. I. The relationship between surface potential and stability in hydrocarbon media 非水分散体的稳定性。1、碳氢介质中表面电位与稳定性的关系

Journal of Colloid Science Pub Date : 1965-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90042-5

D.N.L McGown, G.D Parfitt, E Willis

引用次数: 80

Micelle formation by a long-chain cation surfactant in aqueous solutions of the lower quaternary ammonium bromides 长链阳离子表面活性剂在低季溴化铵水溶液中的胶束形成

Journal of Colloid Science Pub Date : 1965-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90047-4

Joseph Steigman, Irving Cohen, Frank Spingola

{"title":"Micelle formation by a long-chain cation surfactant in aqueous solutions of the lower quaternary ammonium bromides","authors":"Joseph Steigman, Irving Cohen, Frank Spingola","doi":"10.1016/0095-8522(65)90047-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0095-8522(65)90047-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The critical micelle concentrations (CMC) of long-chain cationic and anionic surfactants in water are lowered by the addition of ordinary salts like NaCl. This is usually ascribed to electrostatic effects. It has been found that the CMC of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide in water at 30°C. is at first decreased by the addition of the lower quaternary bromides and then increases markedly at higher salt concentration. The initial CMC decrease is in the order K+ < (CH3)4N+ < (C2H5)4N+ < (n − C3H7)4N < (n − C4H9)4N+. There is a continually decreasing value of the CMC in increasingly concentrated KBr solutions. However, there is a minimum CMC value for each added quaternary salt. Those for (CH3)4N+ and (C2H5)4N+ are found in approximately 0.09 M and 0.01 M salt, respectively, that for the n-propyl compound is at 10−3 M solution. In more concentrated salt solutions the CMC is three to five times greater than in water, with the greatest increase found in (n − C4H9)4 NBr solution, and the smallest increase in (CH3)4NBr at equal concentrations. The results are interpreted in terms of the effects of added electrolytes on the hydrogen-bonded structure of water. It is concluded that micelle formation is rendered more difficult by electrolytes which organize the solvent structure, and occurs at lower soap concentrations in the presence of structure-disrupting electrolytes like the alkali halides.</div>","PeriodicalId":15437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Colloid Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0095-8522(65)90047-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16902853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Synthetic protective colloids 合成保护胶体

Journal of Colloid Science Pub Date : 1965-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90044-9

Heinrich Thiele, H.S von Levern

{"title":"Synthetic protective colloids","authors":"Heinrich Thiele, H.S von Levern","doi":"10.1016/0095-8522(65)90044-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0095-8522(65)90044-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The protective value we propose gives the number of grams of a red gold sol which are just protected by 1 g. of the protective agent against flocculation by 1% NaCl solution. Gelatine has a protective value of 90, i.e., 1 g. of gelatine protects 90 g. of gold sol. Amphions are good protecting colloids. One of the ionic groups attaches the protecting agent to the colloidal particle, the other supplies the electrical charge.Synthetic protective colloids were prepared by introducing acidic groups into the basic polyethylenimine molecule, and by introducing basic groups into the polyacrylic acid molecule.With some synthetic protective colloids, the protective value can be increased as much as one hundred times by the action of heat and time. The interaction between the protecting agent and the sol to be protected requires a longer time than the 3 minutes previously recommended. We recommend that the reaction be allowed to go to completion.Good protecting colloids form stable complexes with the coagulating metal ions.The protective value changes strongly as the pH of the sol is varied within a narrow range. With some polyamphions the protective value, at a given sol pH, can be increased by shifting the isoelectric point (IEP). The protective values and gold numbers of some protecting agents are compared. A synthetic polyacrylic hydrazide had the highest protective value of 400.The protecting action of natural gelatine is at a minimum at the IEP, but that of the synthetic hydrazide of polyacrylic acid is greatest at this point. In this context the VW theory of Heller is discussed, and the distance between the ionic groups on the polymer chain is postulated as a further important factor contributing to the formation of the stabilizing layers.</div>","PeriodicalId":15437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Colloid Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0095-8522(65)90044-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76456914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 53

The surface chemistry of alkyl phosphoric acids 烷基磷酸的表面化学

Journal of Colloid Science Pub Date : 1965-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90048-6

H.C Parreira

引用次数: 28