Journal of Colloid Science最新文献_第10页

The interaction of sodium dodecyl sulfate with gelatin 十二烷基硫酸钠与明胶的相互作用

Journal of Colloid Science Pub Date : 1965-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90007-3

W.J Knox Jr., J.F Wright

{"title":"The interaction of sodium dodecyl sulfate with gelatin","authors":"W.J Knox Jr., J.F Wright","doi":"10.1016/0095-8522(65)90007-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0095-8522(65)90007-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The separation of adsorption complexes formed by the interaction of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) with gelatin at pH values below the isoelectric point has been investigated. Two pH conditions were employed. In one, the pH of the reaction mixture was adjusted to 4.1 after the component solutions had been mixed. In the other, the pH of each of the component solutions was adjusted to 4.1 before the solutions were mixed and the pH of the reaction mixtures was allowed to vary with the reaction. Concentration regions of complex solubility, complex precipitation, maximum gelatin precipitation, and complex solubilization characterized these reactions. Analyses of the supernatant solutions for both gelatin and SDS indicate that the adsorption is not exclusively continuous. Under the first pH condition, the reaction mechanism appears to be all-or-none in the region of complex precipitation forming a complex in which only one-half of the cationic sites are occupied, and predominantly statistical in the region of maximum gelatin precipitation, terminating in a complex in which all the cationic sites are occupied. Solubilization of the precipitated complex is achieved by the physical adsorption of additional SDS with the hydrophilic groups oriented toward the water. Under the second pH condition, an exclusively all-or-none mechanism appears to prevail in the regions of complex precipitation and solubilizations. The reactions result in the formation of an insoluble complex in which one-half the cationic groups on the gelatin are involved and a soluble complex in which all the cationic groups are involved.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Colloid Science","volume":"20 2","pages":"Pages 177-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0095-8522(65)90007-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79109274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 98

Shape of a fluid drop at a fluid-liquid interface. I. Extension and test of two-phase theory 在液-液界面处液滴的形状。一、两相理论的推广与检验

Journal of Colloid Science Pub Date : 1965-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90005-X

H.M Princen, S.G Mason

引用次数: 66

Coupling between the translational and rotational brownian motions of rigid particles of arbitrary shape I. Helicoidally isotropic particles 任意形状的刚性粒子的平移和旋转布朗运动之间的耦合。螺旋各向同性粒子

Journal of Colloid Science Pub Date : 1965-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90002-4

Howard Brenner

引用次数: 111

Lytic action of surface-active electrolytes on chloroplasts 表面活性电解质对叶绿体的溶解作用

Journal of Colloid Science Pub Date : 1965-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90008-5

Tamotsu Kondo, Sachiko Imai, Chieko Shibuya, Chizuko Tamura

引用次数: 1

On the theory of the coagulation of noninteracting particles in brownian motion 布朗运动中非相互作用粒子的凝聚理论

Journal of Colloid Science Pub Date : 1965-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90003-6

George M Hidy

{"title":"On the theory of the coagulation of noninteracting particles in brownian motion","authors":"George M Hidy","doi":"10.1016/0095-8522(65)90003-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0095-8522(65)90003-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The theory for coagulation of particles in Brownian motion is reviewed. The effects of heterogeneity in particle size, and of particle motion in a rarefied medium are examined using numerical solutions of the coagulation equations. Heterogeneity and increased values of the ratio of the mean free path of the medium to the particle radius (the Knudsen number for particles) increased the rate of coagulation. According to the results of the numerical experiments, a self-preserving function for the size distribution develops after dimensionless coagulation times of about 3. The self-preserving spectrum was found to be independent of the initial distribution after a sufficiently long time. The shape of the asymptotic distribution varied with the ratio of the mean free path of the medium to the particle radius (<em>λ</em>/<em>r</em><sub>1</sub>). A cumulative distribution rapidly formed which was insensitive to time, to initial conditions, and to variations in <em>λ</em>/<em>r</em><sub>1</sub> up to one. The average cumulative distribution compared fairly well with an experimentally determined distribution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Colloid Science","volume":"20 2","pages":"Pages 123-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0095-8522(65)90003-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76950474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 129

The temperature dependence of wettability: Hexadecane on a fluoropolymer 润湿性的温度依赖性:十六烷对含氟聚合物的影响

Journal of Colloid Science Pub Date : 1965-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90006-1

Rulon E Johnson Jr., Robert H Dettre

引用次数: 39

Dynamic surface tension of detergent solutions at constant and variable surface area 恒定和变表面积下洗涤剂溶液的动态表面张力

Journal of Colloid Science Pub Date : 1965-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90091-7

Hermann Lange

{"title":"Dynamic surface tension of detergent solutions at constant and variable surface area","authors":"Hermann Lange","doi":"10.1016/0095-8522(65)90091-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0095-8522(65)90091-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An exact mathematical formulation of the time dependence of the surface tension γ after formation of a fresh surface with constant area has been given by Ward and Tordai (1). The rather laborious calculations are considerably simplified when dealing with detergents obeying the v. Szyskowski equation for the dependence of equilibrium surface tension on concentration. This equation holds for certain non-ionic ethylene oxide compounds. With such detergents it was found that the surface tension—time curves are well fitted by the Ward and Tordai relation. Hence one can conclude that the establishment of the adsorption equilibrium is governed by the diffusion in an undisturbed layer.</p><p>When by a rapid expansion or compression of the surface a transient increase or decrease of γ as compared to the equilibrium value <em>γ</em><sub>∞</sub> is provoked the rate of diminishing or rising of γ during the subsequent reestablishment of the equilibrium for a given detergent solution is dependent not only on the actual deviation of γ from the equilibrium value <em>γ</em><sub>∞</sub> but also on the preparation (prehistory). This observation can be explained by properties of the diffusion layer and complicates the treatment of surface rheology of detergent solutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Colloid Science","volume":"20 1","pages":"Pages 50-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0095-8522(65)90091-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73179464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 32

The behavior of polysilicic acid. II. The rheology of silica suspensions 聚硅酸的行为。2二氧化硅悬浮液的流变性

Journal of Colloid Science Pub Date : 1965-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90089-9

S.A. Greenberg , R. Jarnutowski, T.N. Chang

{"title":"The behavior of polysilicic acid. II. The rheology of silica suspensions","authors":"S.A. Greenberg , R. Jarnutowski, T.N. Chang","doi":"10.1016/0095-8522(65)90089-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0095-8522(65)90089-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rheology of silica suspensions was investigated as a function of concentration, particle size, the polarity of organic solvents, and the pH and ionic strength of the aqueous phases. In addition the sedimentation volumes of quartz powder suspensions were measured in organic solvents and as a function of the pH and ionic strength of the aqueous phases. The sedimentation volumes of quartz powder suspensions were at a minimum with respect to pH at the maximum in the zeta potential-pH curve. The yield values and apparent viscosities begin to increase rapidly with pH at pH 9 in calcium hydroxide solutions and at pH 12 in sodium hydroxide solutions.</p><p>Ordinarily silica suspensions exhibit a Newtonian behavior. Einstein's equation for Newtonian systems of spherical particles in suspensions was apparently not obeyed in the case of dilute suspensions of silica sols until the deviations were accounted for by electroviscous effects and adsorbed layers of water. Non-Newtonian behaviors and large sedimentation volumes arise with nonpolar solvents and at higher pH values in aqueous media. Concentrated quartz powder suspensions exhibit a shear thickening behavior. Concentrated colloidal silica gels develop shear thinning properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Colloid Science","volume":"20 1","pages":"Pages 20-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0095-8522(65)90089-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86422278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

The effect of electrolyte content on synthetic latex flow behavior 电解质含量对合成乳胶流动性能的影响

Journal of Colloid Science Pub Date : 1965-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90088-7

John G. Brodnyan, E.Lloyd Kelley

{"title":"The effect of electrolyte content on synthetic latex flow behavior","authors":"John G. Brodnyan, E.Lloyd Kelley","doi":"10.1016/0095-8522(65)90088-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0095-8522(65)90088-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Usually a synthetic latex contains inorganic salts from the water-soluble initiator used in polymerization and from the impurities in the surfactant used to stabilize the latex. Upon removal of this electrolyte, by dialysis, the viscosity of the latex increases and becomes markedly shear thinning, i.e., non-Newtonian. When an electrolyte such as sodium chloride is added, the viscosity decreases immediately and may even become less than the viscosity of the original latex, and the flow behavior becomes Newtonian.</p><p>Measurements show that the only significant change in the latex system is in the gegenion concentration. The particle size distribution measured on diluted latices does not change through all these viscosity changes and only a small fraction of the adsorbed surfactant is desorbed and lost upon dialysis. Upon addition of sufficient electrolyte a minimum viscosity is obtained which is that which would have been predicted by Mooney's equation.(<em>J. Colloid Sci.</em> <strong>6</strong>, 162 (1951))</p><p>The use of Mooney's equation to obtain effective volume fractions from viscosities shows that the experimental data are consistent with the viewpoint that the effective volume fraction is given by the polymer volume plus the volume excluded to particles by the interaction of the charged double layers. Thus, the observed phenomenon is also consistent with a large body of colloidal theory and experiment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Colloid Science","volume":"20 1","pages":"Pages 7-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0095-8522(65)90088-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72895231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 55

A syringe for surface tension measurements at constant temperature 在恒温条件下测量表面张力的注射器

Journal of Colloid Science Pub Date : 1965-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90090-5

H.C. Parreira

引用次数: 25