Journal of Current Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Current Artificial Intelligence Programs on Retinal/Vitreous Diseases and Treatment Methods.","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.4103/joco.joco_250_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joco.joco_250_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15423,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Ophthalmology","volume":"36 3","pages":"310"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12184858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Profiles of Patients with Keratoconus Visiting a Tertiary Eye Center in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.","authors":"Norsyariza Razak, Bariah Mohd Ali, Wan Haslina Wan Abdul Halim","doi":"10.4103/joco.joco_75_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joco.joco_75_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the demography, clinical characteristics, and risk factors of keratoconus (KCN) patients attending a tertiary eye center in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cross-sectional study included KCN patients who visited Ophthalmology Clinic, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz UKM, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia between January 2022 and October 2023. Their demographic details, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), clinical findings, refraction, and risk factors were recorded. Topographical data and KCN classification were obtained through Oculus Pentacam (Wetzlar, Germany).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 71,862 cases, 78 KCN patients were identified, with the majority having bilateral KCN (75.6%). The patients were 27.90 ± 7.37 years old on average and were predominantly male (55.1%) and Malay (70.5%). The KCN severity also varied between patients (12.8% mild, 43.6% moderate, and 43.6% severe). No significant association was found between the patient's demographics and KCN severity (<i>P</i> > 0.05). The patients had a mean BCVA of 0.39 ± 0.48 and a mean spherical equivalent of -5.30 ± 4.45. Eye rubbing (85.9%) and atopy (80.77%) were identified as the most common risk factors for KCN, contrary to family history (12.8%). Meanwhile, Scissors Movement, Vogt Striae, and Munson's Sign were among the highest percentages of clinical findings presented. Furthermore, 68.7% of KCN cases also reported ocular allergies (papillae).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients' demographics were not a determinant of KCN severity. Eye rubbing and atopy were the most significant risk factors for KCN in Malaysia. Thus, KCN screening for patients with atopy and ocular allergies is vital for KCN prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":15423,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Ophthalmology","volume":"36 3","pages":"252-257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12184864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of the Frequent Occurrence of Pterygium on the Nasal Side.","authors":"Mingzhi Lu, He Ren, Xiaoxi Deng, Kuiliang Yang, Han Zhang, Wanju Yang, Hong Zhang, Yiqiao Xing","doi":"10.4103/joco.joco_28_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joco.joco_28_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the predominant occurrence of pterygium on the nasal side of the eye and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive review was conducted by searching the PubMed and Google Scholar databases for articles published from January 1990 to May 2023. Keywords used included \"pterygium\", \"nasal side\", \"risk factors\", \"pathogenesis\", and \"review\". Articles were selected based on their relevance to the pathogenesis of pterygium.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This review identifies multiple factors that may contribute to the frequent occurrence of pterygium on the nasal side. These include increased exposure to ultraviolet light, genetic predispositions, tear film abnormalities, viral infections, allergic reactions, and habitual eye rubbing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Comparing responses of the nasal and temporal conjunctiva to various physical and chemical stimuli could provide insight into the mechanisms driving this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":15423,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Ophthalmology","volume":"36 3","pages":"223-228"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12184862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incomplete Kawasaki Disease Presenting as Orbital Cellulitis in a Child.","authors":"Mohammed Rabbani, K Jagadish Kumar, V G Manjunath, H R Nandish","doi":"10.4103/joco.joco_111_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joco.joco_111_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe a case of periorbital cellulitis as the manifestation of Kawasaki disease (KD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single case report.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 15-month-old child presented with fever and swelling around the eyes, initially diagnosed as orbital cellulitis. On examination, the child exhibited bilateral orbital swelling with conjunctival congestion, strawberry tongue, cracked lips, significant bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy, and perianal excoriation. Although many clinical features were compatible with KD, the diagnostic criteria for KD were not fully met. Despite 48 h of antibiotic therapy, the child continued to experience high-grade fever spikes. Consequently, the diagnosis was reviewed and reclassified as incomplete KD. The child was then administered intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) at a dosage of 2 g/kg over 10 h. Within 48 h of IVIG administration, the fever subsided and the periorbital swelling decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The diagnosis of incomplete KD requires a high index of suspicion as the delay in diagnosis may lead to coronary involvement. Any young child with orbital cellulitis unresponsive to antibiotic therapy should be investigated for underlying KD.</p>","PeriodicalId":15423,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Ophthalmology","volume":"36 3","pages":"307-309"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12184868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to Comment on \"Evaluation and Comparison of the Knowledge Levels of Current Artificial Intelligence Programs on Retinal/Vitreous Diseases and Treatment Methods\".","authors":"Eyupcan Sensoy, Mehmet Citirik","doi":"10.4103/joco.joco_268_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joco.joco_268_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15423,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Ophthalmology","volume":"36 3","pages":"314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12184869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Mitomycin C in Ophthalmic Surgery.","authors":"Nader Nassiri, Kourosh Sheibani, Sara Kavousnezhad, Saman Nassiri, Ali Azemati, Nariman Nassiri","doi":"10.4103/joco.joco_283_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joco.joco_283_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To discuss the application of mitomycin C (MMC) in ophthalmic surgical procedures, including dosage, method of application, reported complications, and follow-up results.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library without date limitations using keywords: mitomycin, ophthalmic, and surgery. The original articles used as references were first graded using a 0 to 5 grading scale devised by the authors to ensure the uniformity of reference selection. Only those original articles grading 3 or above based on this grading scale were used as references. The last search was conducted in March 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MMC has been widely utilized in ophthalmic surgery due to its effects on the wound-healing process. The main current applications include pterygium surgery, glaucoma filtering surgery, surgical treatment of ocular surface tumors, eye alignment surgeries, dacryocystorhinostomy, and corneal refractive surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The dosage and duration of MMC application in ophthalmic surgery depend on the specific procedure, with ongoing controversies regarding the optimal dosage. In addition, it is essential to consider complications when evaluating the cost-benefit of MMC use. Further randomized clinical trials with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are warranted, with a specific focus on reducing long-term side effects, refining dosage guidelines, and exploring MMC's role in combination therapies for various ophthalmic procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":15423,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Ophthalmology","volume":"36 3","pages":"211-222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12184863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty with Central Descemet's Membrane Baring in Eyes with Type 2 Bubble.","authors":"Mohamed Bahgat Goweida, Mazen Amgad Dowidar, Wael Abdel Rahman Elmenawy, Ahmed Shalaby Bardan","doi":"10.4103/joco.joco_94_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joco.joco_94_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To review the outcomes of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) with formed type 2 bubble, managed with microbubbles-assisted manual dissection combined with central baring of Descemet's membrane (DM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective interventional case series including eyes with formed type 2 bubble during DALK, and opacified pre-Descemet's layer (PDL), done between January 2017 and February 2022. In eyes with type 2 bubbles, microbubbles-assisted manual dissection was done followed by baring of DM only in the central 4-5 mm. In eyes with mixed bubbles, the type 1 bubble is used as a guide to the PDL followed by central DM baring. Removal of the PDL was done either by peeling or cutting with scissors according to the thickness of the stroma to be excised. Patients were followed up in the clinic, and the data were collected at 3-, 6-, and 12-month postoperative visits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 15 eyes of 14 patients were included in the study (7 females and 7 males). All cases were completed as DALK and showed improvement in visual acuity with mean logMAR visual acuity of 1.12 ± 0.8 at 3 months and 0.7 ± 0.49 at 1 year postoperatively. The mean final logMAR corrected distance visual acuity was 0.2 ± 0.18. Complications included DM detachment and double anterior chamber (<i>n</i> = 6), DM microperforation (<i>n</i> = 2), stromal rejection (<i>n</i> = 1), and pupillary block after air injection (<i>n</i> = 1).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DALK with central baring of DM offers a promising solution for eyes with opacified PDL and type 2 bubble, resulting in a clear visual axis and low risk of conversion to penetrating keratoplasty.</p>","PeriodicalId":15423,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Ophthalmology","volume":"36 3","pages":"267-271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12184853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Success in the Management of an Extensive Medial Canthal Basal-Cell Carcinoma with Vismodegib.","authors":"Argyrios Tzamalis, Georgios Lavasidis, Ioannis Tsinopoulos, Nikolaos Ziakas","doi":"10.4103/joco.joco_76_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joco.joco_76_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To present a case of an extensive basal-cell carcinoma (BCC) of the medial canthus that was successfully treated with vismodegib. The introduction of vismodegib and other Hedgehog pathway inhibitors into clinical practice has provided a new option for the nonsurgical management of periocular BCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An 85-year-old male was referred to our clinic with a pigmented nodular BCC but declined any medical intervention. Two years later, the patient returned with an extensive periocular lesion. Through biopsy and magnetic resonance imaging, we confirmed the diagnosis of a nodular-ulcerative BCC extending into the medial orbit. Surgery and radiotherapy were declined. Therefore, oral treatment with vismodegib was initiated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 3 months, complete tumor regression was noted, and the medication was discontinued. The patient remained tumor-free till the last follow-up, 3 years posttreatment. No treatment-related side effects were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case demonstrates the clinical value of vismodegib in advanced periocular BCC, particularly when surgery is inappropriate or declined by the patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":15423,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Ophthalmology","volume":"36 3","pages":"300-303"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12184866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corneal Endothelial Cell Changes Associated with Multiple Intravitreal Injections.","authors":"Mariaelena Malvasi, Pietro Mangiantini, Floriana Testa, Edoardo Trovato Battagliola, Mattia D'Andrea, Guglielmo Minozzi, Paolo Turchetti, Elena Pacella","doi":"10.4103/joco.joco_26_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joco.joco_26_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore the changes in the corneal endothelium in patients who receive multiple anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) or steroid injections for posterior segment pathology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study recruits subjects treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF or sustained-release dexamethasone for macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion. Corneal endothelium and corneal thickness were measured in the treated eye using a corneal endothelial microscope. The study variables include age, endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation (CV) of cell size, percentage of hexagonality (HEX%), and intraocular pressure (IOP) change 30 min after injection. These variables were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 108 diseased eyes were treated with a variable number (from 4 to 28) of intravitreal injections between January 2020 and December 2023. The mean total number of intravitreal injections was 12.8/eye. Multiple linear regression analysis showed an inverse relationship between ECD and age (<i>β</i> = -9.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] [-8.01, -10.24], <i>P</i> < 0.05) and total number of injections (<i>β</i> = -17.11, 95% CI [-16.44, -18.37], <i>P</i> < 0.05). An inversion relationship also exists between HEX% and age (<i>β</i> = -0.17, 95% CI [-0.11, -0.23], <i>P</i> < 0.05) and total number of injections (<i>β</i> = -0.45, 95% CI [-0.37, -0.54], <i>P</i> < 0.05). A direct relationship exists between CV and age (<i>β</i> =0.29, 95% CI [0.19, 0.40], <i>P</i> < 0.05) and total number of injections (<i>β</i> =0.54, 95% CI [0.45, 0.63], <i>P</i> < 0.05). The mean IOP difference between the injected and contralateral eye 30 min postinjection was +6.4 ± 3 mmHg (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A greater number of intravitreal injections is associated with a lower ECD, lower HEX, and higher CV in the treated eyes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15423,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Ophthalmology","volume":"36 3","pages":"279-283"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12184871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship between Serous Choroidal Detachment and the Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Failure.","authors":"Maryam Yadgari, Ahmad Shojaei Baghini, Fatemeh Vafaei, Behnoosh Attarian, Mohammadmehdi Hatami, Kourosh Sheibani, Sadid Hooshmandi","doi":"10.4103/joco.joco_245_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joco.joco_245_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the effect of serous choroidal detachment (SCD) on the success of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent AGV implantation and developed SCD were included in the case group. The control group was matched based on age, sex, baseline intraocular pressure (IOP), glaucoma type, and the number of glaucoma medications. The patient data were retrospectively extracted from available records. The primary outcome measure was an AGV success rate based on 5 < IOP <18 and a 20% reduction from baseline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventeen patients were enrolled in the case group and 38 in the control group. Preoperative visual acuity of patients was 1.17 ± 0.43 and 1.16 ± 0.37 logMAR in the case and control groups, respectively. The patients in the case group showed higher mean IOP at all time intervals compared to controls. However, the mean IOP only reached a statistically significant difference at 3 months (17.94 ± 6.78 mmHg vs. 13.39 ± 3.09 mmHg, <i>P</i> = 0.003). The mean survival duration was significantly shorter in patients with SCD (10.4 ± 0.7 months vs. 11.7 ± 0.2 months for controls log-rank = 4.1, <i>P</i> = 0.04). The cumulative probability of success was 76.5% in patients with SCD and 94.7% in the control group after 12 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SCD after AGV implantation could be a risk factor for failure. A larger prospective study with a longer follow-up duration is required to confirm the present study results.</p>","PeriodicalId":15423,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Ophthalmology","volume":"36 2","pages":"129-135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11856118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}