Journal of Biogeography最新文献

{"title":"Climate-Driven Vegetation Characteristics Shape Phytophagous and Carnivorous Insect Diversity in South African Savannahs","authors":"Fernando P. Gaona,&nbsp;Sylvain Delabye,&nbsp;Pavel Potocký,&nbsp;Valeriy Govorov,&nbsp;Jan Čuda,&nbsp;Llewellyn C. Foxcroft,&nbsp;Rafał Garlacz,&nbsp;Martin Hejda,&nbsp;Sandra MacFadyen,&nbsp;Tomasz Pyrcz,&nbsp;Klára Pyšková,&nbsp;Ondřej Sedláček,&nbsp;David Storch,&nbsp;Petr Pyšek,&nbsp;Robert Tropek","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15076","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite the evidenced importance of insects in savannah ecosystems, the drivers of their diversity patterns remain poorly understood, particularly in the Afrotropical region. This study addresses part of this gap by investigating the effects of climate, habitat, disturbance and vegetation variables on species richness and community composition of phytophagous and predatory insects in South African savannahs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Phytophagous insects (moths) and carnivorous insects (mantises).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Moths and mantises were light-trapped in 60 plots distributed across KNP during two seasons. Direct and indirect effects of environmental variables on insect species richness were analysed using structural equation models, and on community composition through distance-based redundancy analyses (db-RDA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on an extensive dataset of 65,593 moth individuals representing 817 species and 3511 mantis individuals representing 38 species, we identified plant communities as the primary driver of species richness and community structure for both insect groups. The effects of vegetation on insect communities were indirectly shaped by climate, particularly mean temperature (negatively correlated with precipitation), through its effects on plant species richness. Additionally, a complex interplay among bedrock type, water availability and disturbance from large herbivores further shaped insect diversity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings highlight the critical role of plant species richness in determining insect diversity patterns in savannah ecosystems. We also confirmed the region's vulnerability to climate change, as decreasing precipitation and increasing temperatures alter vegetation composition and biomass, consequently affecting insect communities. Effective conservation strategies should focus on managing large herbivores to maintain diverse vegetation, which is crucial for supporting insect diversity. Priority should be given to balancing water availability and disturbance intensity, particularly in preserving the health of rivers and their surroundings, to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change on these ecosystems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landscape Effects on Local Species Richness of Woody Specialists in Subtropical Montane Cloud Forest of Taiwan","authors":"Yu-Pei Tseng,&nbsp;David Zelený,&nbsp;Chang-Fu Hsieh","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15074","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>How is the local species richness of woody specialists in vegetation plots located within subtropical montane cloud forests (SMCFs) affected by the landscape structure of the surrounding SMCF habitat patch?</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Subtropical montane cloud forests in Taiwan.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Woody species specialised in growing in foggy conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used plant occurrence data from major herbaria together with fog frequency data to identify fog specialists of SMCFs in Taiwan. Subsequently, we extracted 20 × 20 m forest vegetation plots from the National Vegetation Database of Taiwan and calculated the richness of woody specialists in each of them. Using a published predicted SMCFs distribution map, we estimated the landscape context of SMCFs around each vegetation plot within circular buffer zones of increasing radius. The variables of landscape structure include those related to the area of SMCFs habitat (area and connectivity), surrounding heterogeneity (topographical heterogeneity and vegetation diversity) and edge effect (the nearest distance from the plot to the edge and the edge length). The multiple linear regression model was used to investigate which of the three mechanisms of landscape context has the strongest effect on the local richness of fog specialists.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Only the area of SMCFs habitat patch shows a significant positive effect on the local species richness of woody specialists in the plot when considering all the landscape variables. Area <i>per se</i> might be a possible mechanism that supports this positive species-area relationship. Additionally, the area of SMCFs patch is highly correlated with connectivity, indicating that larger SMCF patches enhance connectivity beyond buffer zones, sustaining species through the rescue effect from the regional species pool.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patch size and connectivity are crucial for the species richness of woody specialists in SMCFs in Taiwan. For conservation, we recommend protecting larger, less fragmented SMCF patches to maintain biodiversity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of the Last Glacial Maximum on the Genetic Diversity of Six Co-Distributed Taxa in the Baja California Peninsula","authors":"Anayeli Márquez-Márquez,&nbsp;Raúl Octavio Martínez-Rincón,&nbsp;Rafael Hernández-Guzmán,&nbsp;Francisco Javier García-De León","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15075","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;During the Last Glacial Maximum, the temperature in the Baja California Peninsula decreased and the precipitation increased compared to present climatic conditions. These changes influenced the geographic distribution and the demographic processes of plants and animals. This article aims to determine how Pleistocene and current climate impacted the geographic distribution and the genetic diversity patterns of six species co-distributed in the Baja California Peninsula.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Northwest Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Taxon&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A group of six species with desert affinities, two cacti (&lt;i&gt;Pachycereus pringlei&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Stenocereus gummosus&lt;/i&gt;), one spider (&lt;i&gt;Pardosa sierra&lt;/i&gt;), one reptile (&lt;i&gt;Dipsosaurus dorsalis&lt;/i&gt;) and two birds (&lt;i&gt;Melanerpes uropygialis&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Basilinna xantusii&lt;/i&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Meta-analysis of published microsatellite data was carried out for the previously mentioned species. Hierarchical generalised additive models (HGAMs) were used to assess the relationship between genetic diversity values and six abiotic predictors (latitude, elevation, current climate, habitat suitability, climatic stability and habitat suitability stability from the Last Glacial Maximum to the present). The change in the distribution range from the Last Glacial Maximum to the present was found using potential distribution models (PDMs).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;HGAMs revealed that &lt;i&gt;M. uropygialis&lt;/i&gt; showed a significant relationship between genetic diversity and climatic stability, while the genetic diversity of &lt;i&gt;D. dorsalis&lt;/i&gt; responded to the current climate. The genetic diversity of &lt;i&gt;M. uropygialis&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;P. pringlei&lt;/i&gt; was affected by habitat suitability change while in &lt;i&gt;B. xantusii&lt;/i&gt;, genetic diversity changed with current habitat suitability. According to potential distribution models, four areas of northwest Mexico functioned as a refuge during the Last Glacial Maximum: the south of the peninsula, the region between the western tip of the Vizcaíno peninsula and Cedros Island, the upper Gulf of California and the coasts of Sonora. However, only the spatial patterns of predicted genetic diversity of &lt;i&gt;M. uropygialis&lt;/i&gt; coincide with the location of Pleistocene refugia.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;No evidence was found of a concerted response of species to climate change during the P","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paleoecological History of Maplecrest Fen, Catskill Mountains (NY, USA) From Deglaciation to the Industrial Age","authors":"Dorothy M. Peteet,&nbsp;Ralph Ibe,&nbsp;Emily Stone,&nbsp;Catherine Zajac,&nbsp;Clara Chang","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15052","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To develop the palaeoecological and palaeoclimatic history of Maplecrest Fen, Greene County, NY.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Catskill Mountains, New York.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>13,500 calendar years to present (ybp, present = 1950).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Angiosperms, gymnosperms and bryophytes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used pollen and spore analysis, macrofossil analysis, loss-on-ignition (LOI) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis of a 7.8 m sediment core from the Fen along with AMS radiocarbon dates retrieved from the identified terrestrial macrofossils.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Late-glacial and Holocene vegetational change from ice withdrawal reveals the development of a shallow lake and then fen to the present. The boreal spruce (<i>Picea</i>), fir (<i>Abies</i>) and paper birch <i>((Betula papyrifera</i>) pollen signature near the base of the core (Zone M2) suggest a Younger Dryas (YD) signal overtopping warmer Allerod aged basal sediments. The early Holocene white pine (<i>Pinus strobus</i>) is followed by increases in hemlock (<i>Tsuga</i>) and beech (<i>Fagus</i>), ushering in a moister climate. About 5200 ybp drought is indicated by the well-known hemlock biostratigraphic decline in the Northeast. <i>Drepanocladus</i> moss and stonewort (<i>Chara</i>) shift to sedges (<i>Carex</i>) and violets (<i>Viola</i>) locally present. For the next 5000 years, the vegetation will remain relatively stable with lower temperatures suggested by the return of spruce and fir. Ragweed (<i>Ambrosia</i>) rise along with other weedy taxa marks European settlement near the top 50 cm of the core, along with a striking increase in anthropogenic lead, as seen using X-ray fluorescence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Deglaciation began in the Catskills at a high elevation about 13,500 years ago and recession of ice from the Laurentide margin proceeded at about 0.1 km/year. Temperature shifts promoted changes in the boreal forest including warming and cooling, and drought and wetter intervals both appear in the Holocene history but do not appear to be easily forecast as climate continues to warm.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Contemporary Distribution of Scincine Lizards Does Not Reflect Their Biogeographic Origin","authors":"Aniruddha Datta-Roy,&nbsp;Matthew C. Brandley,&nbsp;Christopher C. Austin,&nbsp;Aaron M. Bauer,&nbsp;David James Harris,&nbsp;Salvador Carranza,&nbsp;Kanishka D. B. Ukuwela,&nbsp;Anslem De Silva,&nbsp;Krystal A. Tolley,&nbsp;K. Praveen Karanth,&nbsp;Maitreya Sil","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15061","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We assess the systematic relationships and historical biogeographic patterns in the subfamily Scincinae, a group of lizards that primarily inhabits the Afro-Madagascan and Saharo-Arabian regions with isolated lineages in Europe, North America, East Asia, India and Sri Lanka. The contemporary distribution of these lineages on the historical Laurasian and Gondwanan landmasses make scincines an ideal system to study the roles of vicariance and dispersal on a geologic scale of tens of millions of years.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Global.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Taxon&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Subfamily Scincinae (Family Scincidae).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We conducted biogeographic analyses on a reconstructed, time-calibrated species tree of scincine genera, including members of the other Scincidae subfamilies, using seven nuclear loci (~6 k base pairs). We also constructed a lineage-through-time plot to assess the timing of diversification within scincines.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our analysis estimated strong support for the monophyly of Scincinae that is further comprised a strongly-supported Gondwanan clade nested within a broader Laurasian group. While most of the extant, genus-level diversity within the Gondwanan clade was accrued post-Eocene, the majority of the Laurasian lineages diverged during the Palaeocene or earlier, suggesting large-scale extinctions on continents of Laurasian origin. Counterintuitively, scincines from India and Sri Lanka have distinct biogeographical origins despite a long tectonic association between these landmasses, suggesting at least two independent, long-distance, trans-oceanic dispersal events into the subcontinent. Our biogeographic analyses suggest that scincines likely originated in East and Southeast Asia during the late Cretaceous (&lt;i&gt;ca&lt;/i&gt;. 70 Ma), and eventually dispersed westwards to Africa and Madagascar, where their greatest current-day species richness occurs.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our study demonstrates the concomitant roles of dispersal and extinction in shaping modern-day assemblages of ancient clades such as scincine lizards. Our range evolution analysis shows that despite the greater diversity observed in the Afro-Madagascan region, the origin of scincines can be traced back to Sou","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 3","pages":"767-779"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.15061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incorporating Climatic Extremes Using the GEV Distribution Improves SDM Range Edge Performance","authors":"Ward Fonteyn,&nbsp;Josep M. Serra-Diaz,&nbsp;Bart Muys,&nbsp;Koenraad Van Meerbeek","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15067","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The changing frequency and intensity of climatic extremes due to climate change can have sudden and adverse impacts on the distribution of species. While species distribution modelling is a vital tool in ecological applications, current approaches fail to fully capture the distribution of climatic extremes, particularly of rare events with the most disruptive potential. Especially at the edges of species' ranges, where conditions are already less favourable, predictions might be inaccurate when these extremes are not well represented.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Europe.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tree species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We present a novel approach to integrate extreme events into species distribution models based on the generalised extreme value (GEV) distribution. This distribution, following from the extreme value theory has been established as a valuable tool in analysing climatic extremes, both in an ecological context and beyond. The approach relying on the GEV distribution is broadly applicable, readily transferable across species and relies on widely available data. We demonstrate the efficacy of our approach for 28 European tree species, illustrating its superior ability to fully capture the distribution of climatic extremes compared to state-of-the-art methods.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that incorporating parameters on climatic extremes derived from the GEV distribution increased model performance (AIC_model) and characterised range edges more accurately (AUC_edge) compared to competing approaches. However, general AUC values were only marginally increased across the species and study period analysed. Overall, the GEV model predicted a narrower niche for the species included in this study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Incorporating climatic extremes can impact spatial predictions of species distribution models, especially at range margins. We found that using the GEV distribution to characterise extreme variables in SDMs yields the best performance at these distribution edges. Given the importance of range edges for species conservation, a detailed inclusion of extremes in SDMs employed for those applications will help ensure robust conclusions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 3","pages":"780-791"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perils of Using Range Maps in Macroecological Models of Species Richness","authors":"Anna Thonis,&nbsp;H. Resit Akçakaya","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15072","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As range maps do not imply the continuous presence of species across their extents—and are commonly developed with species conservation in mind—their underlying assumptions unsurprisingly lead to richness overpredictions for a given area. Despite this expectation, species richness extracted from overlapping species range maps continues to be used in macroecological models (MEMs) of species richness. In this paper, we demonstrate the various implications of using range map richness in MEMs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Puerto Rico.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Anolis</i> lizards.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used random forests to build two MEMs of Puerto Rico <i>Anolis</i> species richness: (a) using richness extracted from superimposed species range maps and (b) using biodiversity surveys conducted by the Puerto Rico non-profit, Para la Naturaleza. We then compare richness predictions, variable importance and evaluation metrics between the two models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results and Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We demonstrate how (1) using range map richness in MEMs results in richness overprediction, (2) variable importance taken from MEMs built with range map richness may be unreliable or indicative of variable importance at a coarser spatial scale and (3) correlation metrics used for evaluating MEMs are potentially misleading. Through this work, we shed light on the implications of using range map species richness in MEMs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.15072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paleoclimate Fluctuations Facilitate the Biogeographical History of Endemic Species of Freshwater Crabs in China via Cycles of Introgressive Hybridisation and Habitat Isolation","authors":"Boyang Shi,&nbsp;Ruxiao Wang,&nbsp;Danhong Song,&nbsp;Juanjuan Xu,&nbsp;Lin Zhu,&nbsp;Yufang Sun,&nbsp;Rui Hu,&nbsp;Neil Cumberlidge,&nbsp;Da Pan,&nbsp;Hongying Sun","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15071","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The impact of Pleistocene climate fluctuations on the biogeographical history of aquatic species has been a topic of enduring debate. This issue poses particular challenges for parapatric closely related species, especially those situated in transition zones where species assemblages occur between distinct zoogeographic boundaries.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Eastern China.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Taxon&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Five closely related &lt;i&gt;Sinopotamon&lt;/i&gt; species and subspecies, &lt;i&gt;S. shensiense&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;S. honanense&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;S. y. yangtsekiense&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;S. y. shanxianense&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;S. y. tongbaiense&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;These parapatric &lt;i&gt;Sinopotamon&lt;/i&gt; species and subspecies, distributed along the boundary between the Palaearctic and Oriental realms in eastern China, offer an ideal model for addressing these challenges. We explored the biogeographic history of these species by conducting a comparative phylogeographic analysis using nine microsatellite loci and two mitochondrial DNA sequences, combined with morphological variation and fine-tuned ecological niche modelling.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our phylogeographic analyses consistently revealed two well-supported clades: clade A, for &lt;i&gt;S. y. yangtsekiense&lt;/i&gt;, and clade B, which includes other species showing polyphyletic patterning and significant gene introgression. The Nanyang Basin and surrounding mountains regions (NBSM) was identified as a critical shared refuge and hybrid zone, facilitating interspecific introgression through at least two putative hybridisation events. During the Late Pleistocene glacial cycles, introgressive hybridisation of these species occurred in the NBSM, followed by rapid expansion and colonisation of heterogenous habitats during interglacial cycles, with dispersal corridors largely aligning with the local river system. In particular, the diffusion corridor of &lt;i&gt;S. honanense&lt;/i&gt; significantly disrupted the continuous distribution of &lt;i&gt;S. y. shanxianense&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;S. y. tongbaiense&lt;/i&gt;, indicating that &lt;i&gt;S. honanense&lt;/i&gt; has replaced &lt;i&gt;S. y. shanxianense&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;S. y. tongbaiense&lt;/i&gt; in the NYSM and caused a disruption in its distribution.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The biogeographic histories of the species in clade B are consistent with a mixing–isolation–mixing model, which suggests that populations experienced repeated introgressive hybridisatio","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 3","pages":"750-766"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community Analysis Reveals Biogeographical Patterns and Biodiversity Shortfalls in Antarctic Tardigrades","authors":"Matteo Vecchi,&nbsp;Sara Brandoli,&nbsp;Vladlen Mykolayovych Trokhymets","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15063","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tardigrades are important members of Antarctic metazoan communities with many endemic species. Major biogeographic patterns of Antarctic fauna have been identified, in particular regarding the zonation across the Gressitt line, dividing Continental and Peninsular Antarctica. Evidences suggest that Antarctic tardigrades follow this zonation too, but this has never been rigorously tested.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Limnoterrestrial ecosystems of Antarctica.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>1950 to Present.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tardigrades.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Records of tardigrades from Antarctica were collected and their taxonomy and coordinates harmonised. Alpha and Beta diversity measures were calculated and compared across different Antarctica biogeographic areas, in particular across the Gressitt line. Analyses were repeated at different spatial scales to ensure their robustness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tardigrades communities are different both in terms of alpha and beta diversity across the Gressitt line. Results were consistent across the analyses at different spatial scales. Taxa richness was higher in the Antarctic Peninsula compared to the Continental Antarctica. Sampling effort had a substantial effect on the measured richness. Despite having a significant effect, Gressitt line side and biogeographic areas explained a low amount of variance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The presence of a different Tardigrade communities composition across the Gressitt line is supported, and a geographical structure is present also at smaller scales. This geographic structuring suggests local endemisms and calls for attention to eventual effects of climate change on tardigrades communities. Faunistic data on Antarctica is still far from being exhaustive and Linnean and Wallacean biodiversity shortfalls are the two most immediate issues to be solved to have a more reliable estimation of the true Antarctic tardigrades biodiversity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 3","pages":"735-749"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.15063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogeny of Arbacia Gray, 1835 (Echinoidea) Reveals Diversification Patterns in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans","authors":"E. Courville,&nbsp;N. Mongiardino Koch,&nbsp;Q. Jossart,&nbsp;C. Moreau,&nbsp;R. Mooi,&nbsp;H. A. Lessios,&nbsp;A. Diaz,&nbsp;A. Martinez Salinas,&nbsp;T. Saucède,&nbsp;E. Poulin","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15070","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of the current study is to conduct a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the genus <i>Arbacia</i> to elucidate the evolution and phylogenetic relationships among all extant species and reevaluate the presence of geographic structure within species that have wide, fragmented distributions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Specimens of <i>Arbacia</i> were collected from 34 localities spanning the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, and the Mediterranean Sea.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We obtained sequences from three mitochondrial markers (COI, 16S and the control region and adjacent tRNAs) and two nuclear markers (28S and 18S; the latter ultimately excluded from the final analyses). Phylogenetic trees were constructed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference approaches. A time-calibrated phylogenetic tree was inferred using a relaxed Bayesian molecular clock and three fossil calibration points.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our analysis supports the monophyly of the genus <i>Arbacia</i>, including the species <i>Arbacia nigra</i> (previously assigned to the monotypic genus <i>Tetrapygus</i>). The new phylogenetic topology suggests an alternative biogeographic scenario of initial divergence between Atlantic and Pacific subclades occurring approximately 9 million years ago. The dispersal and subsequent diversification of the Pacific subclade to the southeast Pacific coincides with the onset of glacial and interglacial cycles in Patagonia. In the Atlantic subclade, the split between <i>A. punctulata</i> and <i>A. lixula</i> occurred 3.01–6.30 (median 3.74 million years ago), possibly associated with the strengthening of the Gulf Stream current connecting the western and eastern Atlantic. Our study also reveals significant genetic and phylogeographic structures within both Atlantic species, indicating ongoing differentiation processes between populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study provides valuable insights into the evolutionary history and biogeography of the genus <i>Arbacia</i> and highlights the complex interplay between historical climate changes and oceanic currents in shaping the distribution and diversification of echinoids in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 3","pages":"722-734"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.15070","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}