Journal of Bioanalysis & Biomedicine最新文献

{"title":"Optimizing Production of Mentha longifolia Essential Oil Emulsion Loaded with Omega 3 Fatty Acids by Nano-Fiber/Gas Chromatography","authors":"N. Faraji, S. Pirsa, M. Alizadeh, H. Almasi","doi":"10.4172/1948-593X.1000201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-593X.1000201","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of this study is providing of Mentha longifolia L essential oil emulsion loaded with omega 3 fatty acids and optimization by polyaniline (PANI) nano-fiber/gas chromatography (PANI-F/GC). The head space solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) method by polyaniline nanofibers was used to extract released essential oils of emulsion. The effects of four factors, including omega 3 percent, surfactant-to-oil ratio (SOR%), surfactant type (TWEEN 20, 80 and caseinate sodium) and storage time on the encapsulation efficiency, and essential oil chromatographic characteristics including total peak number, total peak area and total peak height were studied. The Central Composite Design (CCD) was used to design experiments and study the effects of four factors on the responses and P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Desirability function (D) was used for determination of optimum condition. Results showed that all four factors affected GC profile, essential oil release and encapsulation efficiency. According to the results the emulsion has the best release power on the condition: Omega 3 (%); 25, Storage Time (day); 60, SOR (%); 193.33 and Surfactant type; T80 where the total peak number was 3, total peak area: 407, total peak height: 77 and encapsulation efficiency was 75%.","PeriodicalId":15259,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioanalysis & Biomedicine","volume":"31 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86586693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZIKA Virus Evades Host Innate Immunity through its Non-structural Proteins","authors":"Yancui Wang, Limin Chen, Yujia Li","doi":"10.4172/1948-593X.1000E156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-593X.1000E156","url":null,"abstract":"Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-borne pathogen that was initially isolated from a rhesus monkey in Uganda in 1947 [1-3]. ZIKV infection is associated with Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults and other neurological defects in new-borns [4-6] which prompted the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare a Public Health Emergency of International concern on February 1, 2016 [7]. There are no proved vaccines or drugs to prevent or treat ZIKV infection. Hence, there is a pressing need to study the molecular pathogenesis of ZIKV to facilitate the development of effective vaccines and antiviral therapies.","PeriodicalId":15259,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioanalysis & Biomedicine","volume":"64 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88370272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Affecting Treatment Outcome of Tuberculosis among Tuberculosis Patients in West Ethiopia","authors":"Jerusalem Israel Kassa, Mohammed Gebre Dedefo, Ayana Tadesse Korsa, Tesfa Tekle Dibessa","doi":"10.4172/1948-593X.1000200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-593X.1000200","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tuberculosis is a life threatening disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. In developing countries the incidence of tuberculosis has been increasing steadily since the 1990s, particularly in African countries. Several European countries have lately reported a slight increase in tuberculosis, but these are mostly related to immigrants from high-incidence countries.Objective: To assess the treatment outcomes of tuberculosis and its associated factors among tuberculosis patients on anti-tuberculosis therapy in Nekemte Referral Hospital, West Ethiopia.Methods: A four years retrospective cross-sectional study was used and all patients’ information that fulfilled the inclusion criteria was retrieved from records of patients with basic information for all registered patients. We analyzed the records of 315 tuberculosis patients who had known outcome in Nekemte Referral Hospital from September 2012-August 2016.Results: From the total of 315 patients who had known treatment out come in Nekemte Referral Hospital, tuberculosis type was categorized as smear positive pulmonary TB in 68(21.5%), smear negative pulmonary TB in 107(34.0%), and extra pulmonary in 140(44.4%) cases. Records of the 315 TB patients showed that 54(17.01%) were cured, 206(65.4%) completed treatment, 24(3.5%) had treatment failure, 11(3.5%) defaulted, 20(6.3%) were died. The overall treatment success rate of the TB patients was 82.5%. Age ≥ 45 years (AOR=7.1, 95% CI=1.5-34.3, p=0.014), smear negative PTB (AOR=3.4, 95%, CI=1.5-9.5, P=0.023) and retreatment cases (AOR=12.0, 95%, CI=4.2-34.4, P<0.001) were significantly associated with unsuccessful treatment outcome.Conclusion: Successful treatment outcome of TB patients was below standard. To improve treatment outcome among TB patients health education on the importance of TB treatment and the consequences of poorly treated TB have to be provided to patients during their follow up.","PeriodicalId":15259,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioanalysis & Biomedicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79488206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Status of Ovarian Cancer Screening and Diagnosis","authors":"R. Guilbault, Morgan C. Smith, P. Desai, Jaehwa Choi","doi":"10.4172/1948-593X.1000208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-593X.1000208","url":null,"abstract":"The article entitled “Current Status of Ovarian Cancer Screening and Diagnosis” has been accepted for publication in the Journal of Bioanalysis & Biomedicine considering the statements provided in the article as personal opinion of the author which was found not having any conflict or biasness towards anything. As the article was a perspective one, information provided by the author was considered as an opinion to be expressed through publication. Publisher took decision to make the article online solely based on the reviewers suggestion which considered the article not but a personal opinion of the author. However, it is found that the author have some personal concerns and issues, therefore, being retracted from the journal. Journal of Bioanalysis & Biomedicine Guilbault et al., J Bioanal Biomed 2018, 10:3 DOI: 10.4172/1948-593X.1000208","PeriodicalId":15259,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioanalysis & Biomedicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75416875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodegradable Silicon-based Mesoporous Nanoparticles for Nanomedicine","authors":"Baoyuan Ma","doi":"10.4172/1948-593X.1000E159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-593X.1000E159","url":null,"abstract":"Nanomaterials and nanotechnology have gained more and more attention due to their unique properties and intelligence in varieties of fields. In the field of medicine, many traditional problems have been solved with the development of drug delivery nanosystems. Compared with traditional drug administrations, the drug delivery nanosystems endow more accuracy of delivery and higher utilization rate of drugs, and thereby reduce the side effects and enhance the therapeutic efficiency.","PeriodicalId":15259,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioanalysis & Biomedicine","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74242317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Blood Pressure Control among Hypertensive Patients in Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Degarege Yazie, W. Shibeshi, Minyahil Alebachew, Alemseged Beyene Berha","doi":"10.4172/1948-593X.1000210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-593X.1000210","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hypertension is a major global concern and public health problem affecting more than one billion individuals worldwide. It is risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The main objective of this study was to determine the prescription pattern of antihypertensive medications among patients on follow-up at cardiac clinic of Zewditu Memorial Hospital.Method: A cross-sectional retrospective study design was used to collect the data from the patient chart by reviewing the hypertension patient’s medical record.Result: Out of the 356 patient cards reviewed, 204 (57.3%) were for females and with the mean age of 56.2 ± 12.4 years. Among total study participants, 124 (34.8%) had co-morbid conditions. Majority of the patients were on combination therapy 252 (70.8%). Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), 215 (60.4%) was the most prescribed drug. Blood pressure was controlled in 107 (30.1%) of patients. About 140 (39.3%) and 134 (37.6%) hypertensive patients were appropriately prescribed according to national guideline 2014 and Joint National Committee (JNC 8) guideline, respectively. The result of the multivariate analysis showed that there was a positive statistically significant association between inappropriate prescription pattern of antihypertensive medications with age ≥ 60 years (P=0.01) and uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) (P=0.001).Conclusion: In conclusion, the general use of antihypertensive medications seemed not to be in accordance with the Ethiopia national guideline.","PeriodicalId":15259,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioanalysis & Biomedicine","volume":"76 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83854387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organosilicon Polymer-Derived Bioceramics for Bone Tissue Engineering","authors":"Shengyang Fu, Yufang Zhu","doi":"10.4172/1948-593X.1000E157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-593X.1000E157","url":null,"abstract":"Organosilicon polymer-derived ceramics strategy has emerged a number of advantages in fabricating bioceramics for bone tissue engineering [1,2]. In traditional, the fabrication processes of silicate bioceramics including preparation of raw materials, shaping, porosity making and sintering. However, solid state reaction, sol-gel as well as other common methods are either high-energy consumption or difficult in processing and shaping. Fortunately, organosilicon polymers have been synthesized for fabricating silicate bioceramics in recent decades. The fabrication of organosilicon polymer-derived bioceramics involves cross-linking, pyrolysis and ceramization. In order to obtain silicate bioceramics, active fillers are added and they can react with silicon during polymer pyrolysis. One of the most important advantages for polymer-derived silicate bioceramics strategy is the combination of shaping with synthesis and the dispersity of active filers in polymer solution, which is better than that in solid environment, resulting in a decrease of sintering temperature as well.","PeriodicalId":15259,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioanalysis & Biomedicine","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76882508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug Use Evaluation of Ceftriaxone in Medical Ward of Mizan Aman General Hospital, Bench Maji Zone, South Western Ethiopia","authors":"Gudeta Duga Geresu, Tadele Mekuriya Yadesa, Berhanu Deresa","doi":"10.4172/1948-593X.1000221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-593X.1000221","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Third generation cephalosporin are most commonly used cephalosporin, ceftriaxone being the most commonly prescribed. It is used to treat different types of bacterial infections. To assure efficacy and safety of drugs, they have to be prescribed and dispensed rationally. Drug use evaluation is a performance improvement of drug use processes to achieve optimal patient outcomes. The study aimed to evaluate the utilization of ceftriaxone in medical ward of Mizan Aman general hospital.Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross sectional study was conducted from March 15th, 2012 to March 15th, 2015. Medication records of 403 patients who were admitted and prescribed ceftriaxone during the previous three years to the study period were evaluated against the Ethiopian Standard Treatment Guidelines (2014) as a reference. Patient cards were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Data was collected by using structured data abstraction format.Results: The majority of patients were female 218 (54.1%). The most frequent age group was adults in the range 25-34 y (35.8%). COPD, PUD and Bronchial Asthma were the most common co-morbid diseases which accounts for 9.2%, 6.9% and 5.7% respectively. Ceftriaxone was mainly used for the treatment of pneumonia (46.2%). Chest X-ray was the most commonly used evidence for the diagnosis. The use of ceftriaxone was appropriate only in 158 cases (39.2%). Most of inappropriate uses were seen in terms of duration of therapy (81.9%) followed by inappropriate dose (12.3%) and frequency (5.8%).Conclusion: From this study it was observed that the most common indication of ceftriaxone was Pneumonia, followed by Meningitis. Most of the patients were improved and discharged from the hospital. Four to seven days were the most frequent hospital stay. The study also showed that there is high inappropriate use of ceftriaxone. The majority of inappropriateness was seen with duration of therapy.","PeriodicalId":15259,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioanalysis & Biomedicine","volume":"52 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81123512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacophore Modeling of Furanosyl Borate Diester: An Attempt to Combat Antibiotic Resistance Induced Helicobacter pylori Quorum Sensing Mediated Peptic and Duodenal Ulcer","authors":"Mohit Kumar, Aaliya Naaz, Ankita Sharma, Deepak Teotia, S. Nandi","doi":"10.4172/1948-593x.1000218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-593x.1000218","url":null,"abstract":"Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative, microaerophilic bacterium found usually in the stomach of a person with chronic gastritis and gastric ulcers. More than 50% of the world’s population harbor H. pylori in their upper gastrointestinal tract. About 85% of people infected with H. pylori never experience symptoms or complications. Individuals with chronic gastritis and infected with H. pylori have a 10 to 20% lifetime risk of developing peptic ulcers, MALT lymphoma, the pathogenesis of gastric cancer and several extra-gastric diseases. No vaccines are developed yet and the bacterial antibiotic resistance has been a growing concern. Helicobacter pylori produce virulence and antibiotic resistance through quorum sensing mechanisms by generating AI-2. Inhibition of quorum sensing would be a novel approach for the effective treatment of antibiotic-resistant strains of H. pylori. Chemical nature of AI-2 is furanosyl borate diester which is generated from 4,5-dihydroxy 2,3-pentanedione (DPD). But there are no synthetic congeners of AI-2 and DPD compounds tested against H. pylori till date. Therefore, it is the aim of the present study to design some potent AI-2 and DPD compounds under the framework of pharmacophore modeling.","PeriodicalId":15259,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioanalysis & Biomedicine","volume":"314 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79696569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic Analysis of the Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Salmonella Species in silico .","authors":"N. Nahar, R. Rashid","doi":"10.4172/1948-593X.1000198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-593X.1000198","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic resistance is an emerging problem in both developed and developing countries. It has been responsible for 700,000 deaths worldwide. Some genotypes of bacteria are sensitive to certain antibiotics than others. Hence by conducting phylogenetic analysis of bacteria and detecting the presence of resistance genes in each genotype, we can select the antibiotic that would be most effective for the bacteria in that certain genotype. A total of forty-five Salmonella species were investigated for the presence of antibiotic resistance genes through in silico PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplification and PFGE (pulsed-field gel electrophoresis) analysis was conducted to assess the phylogenetic relationship. Total twenty-eight antibiotic resistance genes were selected for screening the isolates and seventeen antibiotic resistance genes among the Salmonella strains were found. Almost all the isolates (n=43) exhibited PCR amplification product for gyrA genes while fluoroquinolone resistance gyrB (66.67%), parC (68.89%) and parE (15.56%) genes were also present. About 15.56% and 11.11% isolates were found to harbor adenylyltransferase gene, aadA1 and aadA2, respectively while phosphotransferase gene was detected in only one isolate. Two isolates expressed both chloramphenicol acetyltransferase genes, cat1 and cat2. Three isolates (6.67%) harbored chloramphenicol resistance gene cmlA gene while two isolates (4.44%) expressed florfenicol resistance gene, floR. Tetracycline resistance gene, tetA was more prevalent (8.89%) than tetG genes (2.22%). Salmonella harbored all three sulfonamide resistance genes while sulII was more prevalent (17.78%). Genotype 2 contained fifteen antibiotic resistance genes while genotype 3 contained only one antibiotic resistance genes. These investigations used a computer aided approach to genotype isolates and assess the difference in antibiotic resistance profile of Salmonella species based on genotype. This data helps to predict antibiotic resistance genes that might be present for an isolate of known genotype and select antibiotic for the treatment of Salmonella infections based on their phylogenetic group.","PeriodicalId":15259,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioanalysis & Biomedicine","volume":"37 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89598671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}