Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics最新文献

{"title":"Recycling and elimination of wastes obtained from agriculture by using nanotechnology: nanosensors","authors":"A. Ma, Guzmán On, Solís Nm, J. Vega-baudrit","doi":"10.15406/IJBSBE.2017.03.00084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/IJBSBE.2017.03.00084","url":null,"abstract":"Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com volume of Lake Geneva. With such situations, it seems clear that a reduction of food wastage at global, regional, and national scales would have a substantial positive effect on natural and societal resources. Food wastage reduction would not only avoid pressure on scarce natural resources but also decrease the need to raise food production by 60 percent to meet the 2050 population demand [1]. Fortunately, different kinds of methods have been proposed for reuse agricultural waste instead of remain in the environment. These residues occurred by processing, production and harvest of cereal products, fruits, vegetables and trees, and through stock farming. They are produced in large amounts worldwide and either burnt in the field or used as animal feed [2]. Agricultural residues are lignocellulosic materials [3]. Therefore, these wastes are used on production of industrial products such as organic acids, biofuels, protein enriched feed, aroma compounds, bioactive secondary metabolites, microbial pigments, mushroom and enzymes as substrate [4]","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"221 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72678105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renaissances and current trends with electrochemical sensors and biosensors","authors":"K. Kalcher","doi":"10.15406/IJBSBE.2017.03.00083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/IJBSBE.2017.03.00083","url":null,"abstract":"were developed (e.g., differential pulse voltammetry) on one hand in combination with stripping analysis on the other. During that period an immense number of publications appeared dealing mainly with the determination of the four “classical” metals easily accessible by inverse voltammetry on mercury electrodes, i.e., Zn, Cd, Pb and Cu. Along with such prosperity in voltammetry also potentiometry slipped into its golden age with the development of new ion selective membranes for many of the elements of the periodic system. In the nineteen eighties a second renaissance could be noticed due to the chemical modification of amperometric electrodes. Whereas the use of mercury electrodes decreased new electrode materials moved into the focus of interest, such as vitreous carbon (glassy carbon), noble metals, heterogeneous composites (carbon paste,4 screen-printed electrodes) in combination with altered surfaces which facilitated broader applicability of electroanalytical methods. Earlier landmarks of sensor design, such as the first amperometric sensor (oxygen electrode5) and the first biosensor (glucose sensor6), both developed by Leland Clark, contributed to a peak-like increase of electroanalytical studies.","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"39 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77535413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface Plasmon resonance sensors for disease diagnosis","authors":"T. Nguyen","doi":"10.15406/ijbsbe.2017.03.00082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ijbsbe.2017.03.00082","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the optical sensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) are imitated from two main configurations. Firstly, in the KretschmannRaether configuration, a thin metal layer is sandwiched between the prism and the air. Otherwise, the Otto configuration, there is a gap between the metal and the prism. However, the Kretschmann-Raether geometry is more conventional scheme to generate the surface plasmon wave in sensing technique [1]. The incident light wave is also transverse magnetic wave (TM wave) that can be existed on the metal-air interface and used to excite the SPR under the boundary condition [2]. Most of optical excitation of surface plasmon is based on prism [3], waveguide [4], optical fiber [5] and grating [6]. The SPR wave is described as an electromagnetic wave propagating along the interface between metal and dielectric medium. For three layers system, glass/metallic/analyzed solution, the propagation constant (β) of the surface plasmon wave propagated along the metal-analyze solution interface and the angular frequency, which can be described in the following","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86330268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technique of micro-lens/microsphere imaging for simple easy and rapid real time in-situ biosensing","authors":"Yao-Xiong Huang","doi":"10.15406/IJBSBE.2017.03.00081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/IJBSBE.2017.03.00081","url":null,"abstract":"Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com microspheres in the same field of view. In the other hand, when the RI of a micro-lens/microsphere is known, the micro-lenses/ microspheres can be used as sensors to measure the local refractive index anywhere in spatially inhomogeneous media or in living specimens. As the refractive index of a solution is a function of the solute concentration and temperature [5], microlenses/microspheres therefore can be used as sensors of local concentration or temperature measurement.","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75255954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical genosensors: definition and fields of application","authors":"Y. E. Goumi","doi":"10.15406/IJBSBE.2017.03.00080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/IJBSBE.2017.03.00080","url":null,"abstract":"The conventional methods used for specific sequences detection in nucleic acids based on DNA sequence polymerization (PCR) or DNA hybridization (FISH), present certain drawbacks such as the requirement of expensive equipment, time-consuming, laborious and in some case a low sensitivity. Therefore, biosensors are the most attractive alternative providing simple, reliable, fast and selective detection systems. An electrochemical biosensor is an analytical tool composed of bioreceptor that specifically recognizes a biological agent of interest (analyte), which results in a (bio) chemical signal converted by the transducer into an exploitable signal [1]. Development and use of electrochemical genosensors are evolving at a rapid pace, the definition of the electrochemical genosensors and their classification can not unequivocally answer all details and nuances. Biosensors classification may be made according to the biological specificity conferring mechanism or to the mode of signal transduction or, alternatively, a combination of the two [1], for detailed definition and classification, I invite you to read the paper of Thévenot et al. [1] & Ozsos’s book [2]. In electrochemical genosensors, the bioreceptor can be a probe (small sequence of oligonucleotides, in case of electrochemical DNA-based genosensor) or an aptamer (synthetic oligonucleotides sequence, in case of electrochemical Aptamer-based genosensor) immobilized at the transducer surface, due to their affinity, these oligonucleotides sequences recognize the analyte (Nucleic acids) by complementarity making duplexes. The electrochemical DNA-based genosensors can be coupled with nanoparticles or nanocomposites to improve both oligonucleotides sequence immobilization on the transducer surface and sensitivity to hybridization [3-7]. The electrochemical techniques applied in genosensor can be used in different goals, e.g Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) as analystical technique is usually used to measure the concentration of some specific electroactive species with high sensitivity [8]. This paper is devoted to giving a general idea about the fields of application of electrochemistry, such as medicine, plant breeding, food safety and quality control, and bacterial and viral analysis.","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87227720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photosensible spiropyrans used as thermal sensor","authors":"Aline Vieira de Souza, Alexs, R. Valerio, E. D. Acosta, R. Machado","doi":"10.15406/ijbsbe.2017.03.00078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ijbsbe.2017.03.00078","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid organic-inorganic materials are constituted by the combination of organic and inorganics compounds with a broad range of application and are an alternative for the production of novel multifunctional materials [1]. These materials may be incorporated into a polymeric matrix, in conjunction with photosensitive or thermochromic molecules. Photochromism or the photochromatic effect is responsible for changing the colour of a material when exposed to a radiation source (UV and IR Spectra). The process is reversible and occurs through the light exposition, heating or chemical oxidation [2]. Raditoiu et al. [3] incorporated thermochromic materials in the silicon aiming at stabilizing the thermal cycle and provide protection against solar rays and/or heating to avoid the photodegradation. Several molecules have photosensitive with thermochromic proprieties, and in this work, Spiropyran molecule (1,3,3-Trimethylindolino-βnaphthopyrylospiran) will be explored (Figure 1) [3]. Spiropyran is a reversible photosensitive molecule which is transformed into a polar hydrophilic isomer, the structure may return to the original form after being heated up and/or exposed to ultraviolet radiation [2,4,5]. Spiropyrans are adapted to two stable modes: (1) open ring state, called MC, and (2) closed ring state, called SP [4]. In this process that corresponds to a photoreversible and thermic process, MC may return to the original closed SP form due to heating and irradiation. During the reversion stage, notable changes in the molecule structure and charge distribution occur [4,5].","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90666441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Review of Pollution Control Technologies","authors":"D. S. Kharat","doi":"10.15406/ijbsbe.2017.03.00077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ijbsbe.2017.03.00077","url":null,"abstract":"The effluent generated from the industries is mostly treated using primary, secondary, tertiary and the advance treatment methods. The first step in the water pollution control is to minimize the pollution load in effluent that can be effected by preventing the raw materials or products from entering into the effluent streams. Segregation of highly polluting effluent stream from the low polluting stream followed by treatment of each effluent stream separately, gives better performance of the effluent treatment system [1]. In some cases, effluent of one industry can become the raw material of the other industries. For instance, the molasses (highly polluting effluent stream) generated from the sugar mill is used as a raw material in the fermentation (distillery) industry for production of alcohol. The second step in the effluent treatment is to collect and equalize the effluent streams that are discharged at different intervals from different stages of product manufacturing. The equalization ensures uniform characteristics in terms of pollution load, pH and the temperature. Screening and oil trap, prior to the equalization, is provided for removal of the floating solids or oil. The effluent is further treated in the primary treatment unit including addition of the coagulants such as lime, alum and polyelectrolyte followed by clariflocculator or flocculator and settling tank. Selection of the appropriate coagulants and doses of the coagulants are determined on the basis of the treatability study of effluent samples. The primary treatment helps in reduction of the total suspended solids (TSS). A significant reduction in biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations is also achieved. The primary treatment is followed by the secondary treatment i.e. aerobic biological treatment process and the settling, which further reduces BOD and COD concentrations in the effluent. The effluent with high BOD and COD concentrations, as in the case of slaughter houses and distilleries etc., two stage biological treatment system is preferred. Installation of an anaerobic (biomethanation) reactor prior to the aerobic treatment can facilitate recovery of methane gas and manure. The methane gas can be used as fuel in the boilers, fluid heaters and DG sets. The advance treatment technologies involving evaporation and incineration are also practiced. The advance oxidation and electrochemical coagulation process of effluent treatment have been explored for the treatment of industries.","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"229 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80214876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Gaps and Opportunities in Sensor-Based Medical Exploration Capabilities in Extravehicular Astronaut Suits","authors":"M. Morrison, Rodrick W. Rogers, Karanvir Singh, B. Harper, Francisco Sanchez, Olivia Williams, Travis J. Williams, Ryan J. Mays, Chenye Li, J. Arnold, Georgia Haggard, H. Smith, Erica Sims, L. Parrish, M. Valliant, John Ralston","doi":"10.4172/2155-6210.1000248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6210.1000248","url":null,"abstract":"NASA’s Human Research Program has identified the need to improve their capability to predict estimated medical risks during exploration missions, as well as the need to provide computed medical decision support while minimizing medical resource utilization. From May 2017 through October 2017, a research team with the University of Mississippi Electrical Engineering Department conducted interviews with a dozen NASA personnel from the Human Research Program, Life Support Systems Technology Development, Game Changing Development Program, the Wyle Science, Technology and Engineering Group, and MEI Technologies. This report outlines the challenges and gaps identified as a result of these interviews in the Human Research Roadmap towards implementing a sensor-based medical monitoring system in EVA suits, as well as the opportunities in pursuing solutions towards these challenges. We describe the knowledge gaps in determining a clear definition for which measurable EVA suit environment and astronaut medical conditions are mission critical. We detail the current principle and special challenges of monitoring mission critical measurables in micro-gravity and zero-gravity environments with respect to their sensing ability. We then propose a three-stage research framework for meeting these objectives that is robust in scope, yet partitioned such that innovations or setbacks in one stage will not unduly harm progress. First, identifying a set mission critical measurable will enable innovations in sensor networks in EVA suits. We discuss proposed approaches to monitoring astronaut health and environments and relevant gaps. The second stage is using data from the sensor network as inputs to algorithms for determining when mission-critical parameters have been violated, as well as priorities for reporting that information. The third research area focuses on secure and reliable delivery of sensor information to the IV crewmembers, along with rendering of mission-critical information in a Heads-Up Display (HUD) worn by the astronaut. We discuss the current status of HUD technology in EVA suits and the challenges towards advancing that technology for mission deployment. We also discuss challenges in how the astronaut and IV crewmembers will utilize logged health and tracking information operationally. Finally, the status of the work already conducted under the proposed research framework is discussed.","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85286238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural-parametric model of electromagnetoelastic actuator for nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology","authors":"Afonin Sm","doi":"10.15406/IJBSBE.2017.03.00076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/IJBSBE.2017.03.00076","url":null,"abstract":"The electromagnetoelastic actuator of the piezoeffect, the piezomagnetic effect, the electrostriction or the magnetostriction effect is used for precise alignment in the nanomedicine, the nanobiotechnology and the adaptive optics [1-32]. The piezoactuator on the inverse piezoeffect is serves for the actuation of mechanisms or the management, converts electrical signals into displacement and force [1-8]. The piezoactuator for the nanomechanics is provided the displacement from nanometers to tens of micrometers, a force to 1000 N. The piezoactuator is used for research in the nanomedicine and the nanobiotechnology for the scanning tunneling microscopes, scanning force microscopes and atomic force microscopes [1432]. In the present paper the generalized structural-parametric model and the generalized parametric structural schematic diagram of the electromagnetoelastic actuator are constructed by solving the wave equation with the Laplace transform for the equation of the electromagnetolasticity, the boundary conditions on loaded working surfaces of the actuator, the strains along the coordinate axes. The transfer functions and the parametric structural schematic diagrams of the piezoactuator are obtained from the generalized structural-parametric model. In [6,7] was determined the solution of the wave equation of the piezoactuator. In the [14-16,30,31] were obtained the structural-parametric models, the schematic diagrams for simple piezoactuator and were transformed to the structuralparametric model of the electromagnetoelastic actuator. The structural-parametric model of the electroelastic actuator was determined in contrast electrical equivalent circuit for calculation of piezoelectric transmitter and receiver [9-12]. In [8,27] was used the transfer functions of the piezoactuator for the decision problem absolute stability conditions for a system controlling the deformation of the electromagnetoelastic actuator. The elastic compliances and the mechanical and adjusting characteristics of the piezoactuator were found in [18,21-23,28,29] for calculation its transfer functions and the structural-parametric models. The structural-parametric model of the multilayer and compound piezoactuator was determined in [18-20]. In this paper is solving the problem of building the generalized structural parametric model and the generalized parametric structural schematic diagram of the electromagnetoelastic actuator for the equation of electromagnetoelasticity.","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86627050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing the IoT through wireless communication networks: analysis of topologies","authors":"J. Bilbao, Eugenio Bravo, C. Varela, O. García, C. Rebollar","doi":"10.15406/IJBSBE.2017.03.00075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/IJBSBE.2017.03.00075","url":null,"abstract":"Sensor networks consist of a set of sensor nodes which are spread over a geographical area. These nodes are able to perform processing as well as sensing and are additionally capable of communicating with each other.1 Topology control is one primary challenge in these scenarios. Unlike the wired networks that typically have fixed network topologies, each sensor node in a sensor network can potentially change the network topology by adjusting its transmission range and/ or selecting specific nodes to forward its messages, thus, controlling its set of neighbors.1 This is very important because future Internet aims to integrate heterogeneous communication technologies, both wired and wireless, in order to contribute substantially to assert the concept of Internet of Things (IoT).2 At the same time, prices of sensors, microprocessors, open-hardware and other electronic devices that support the IoT are low, and, in consequence, there is a proliferation of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) in many applicative scenarios.","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"69 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83592060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}