Journal of Applied Poultry Research最新文献

{"title":"Effect of dietary supplementation of glycerin on growth performance, meat quality, and blood biochemistry of growing Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)","authors":"Z. Li ,&nbsp;M.T. Khan ,&nbsp;M. Adnan ,&nbsp;M. Usman ,&nbsp;U. Farooq ,&nbsp;F. Ali ,&nbsp;M.F. Khalid ,&nbsp;M. Aoun ,&nbsp;U. Mahmood ,&nbsp;B. Siddique ,&nbsp;E. Bughio ,&nbsp;R. Mustafa ,&nbsp;I. Ahmed ,&nbsp;A.A. El-Mansi ,&nbsp;A.A. Gadallah","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Crude glycerin (CG), a by-product of biodiesel production, has demonstrated potential as an energy source and could serve as a novel ingredient in poultry diets. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of CG supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and blood parameters in Japanese quails. A total of 375 one-day-old quails were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments in a completely randomized design (CRD). Each treatment was replicated five times, with 15 birds per replicate. The experimental diets included varying levels of CG (0 %, 3 %, 6 %, 9 %, and 12 %). Glycerin was incorporated into the basal diet. Parameters such as feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were assessed to gauge the impact of CG on growth performance. Additionally, carcass traits (e.g., carcass yield, breast yield, thigh yield, liver weight, gizzard weight, and heart weight) and meat quality indicators (e.g., thawing loss and drip loss) were analyzed to determine the influence of CG on meat production and quality. The potential effect of CG on the serum biochemical parameters (e.g., serum total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and uric acid) was also measured to assess the health and metabolic status of the birds. Data were statistically evaluated using one-way ANOVA under CRD, and treatment means were compared using Duncan's multiple range test at a 5 % significance level. The results of this study demonstrated that the dietary inclusion of 12 % CG significantly enhanced growth performance, as evidenced by increased feed intake, weight gain, and improved feed conversion ratio compared to the lower glycerin levels and control group. Birds fed 12 % CG also had higher carcass yield (P &lt; 0.05), though other carcass traits, such as breast yield, thigh yield, liver weight, gizzard weight, or heart weight, remained unaffected. Meat quality analysis revealed that the inclusion of 12 % CG reduced thawing loss without significantly affecting drip loss. Blood profile analysis showed that the control group had significantly higher serum total protein levels than the 9 % glycerin group, while serum glucose levels were higher in the control group compared to the 12 % CG group. Other parameters, including serum albumin, globulin, cholesterol, triglycerides, and uric acid, were not significantly affected by dietary treatments. In conclusion, 12 % CG supplementation enhanced growth performance, carcass yield, and some meat quality traits without adversely affecting blood profile indicators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 100555"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144596010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A horizontal mixer and a batch-to-horizontal mixer system increased the mix uniformity of free methionine in complete diets relative to a vertical mixer","authors":"L.E. Knarr ,&nbsp;K.M. Bowen ,&nbsp;E.B. Estanich ,&nbsp;J.S. Moritz","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coefficient of variation (CV) of a selected nutrient marker is commonly utilized to measure mix uniformity (MU) of a batch of feed, where a CV &lt; 10 % is considered industry-acceptable. Mixer type and mix time (MTI) have been shown to affect mix uniformity (MU), however, data concerning mixing systems (MSY) are unavailable. Additionally, past research has shown that the selection of an appropriate CV marker is integral in properly evaluating MU. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate a vertical, horizontal, and transfer MSY on MU while utilizing inadequate or adequate MTIs for a corn-salt mixture (CSM) and complete diet (CD). Chloride ion (Cl⁻) was selected as the marker for the CSM, and crystalline DL-Methionine (Free Met) and crystalline l-Lysine-HCl (Free Lys) were selected as the markers for the CD. Increasing MTI decreased Cl⁻ CV in the CSM (<em>P</em> = 0.020). An interaction between MSY and MTI affected Free Met CV in the CD (<em>P</em> = 0.007). The horizontal and transfer MSYs did not demonstrate changes in the Free Met CV when MTI was manipulated, whereas the vertical MSY provided decreased CV with increased MTI. The authors hypothesize that additional mixing during load-out and conveyance caused this interaction. However, no treatment provided a Free Lys CV &lt; 10 %. These data suggest that Cl⁻ and Free Met are appropriate markers for MU in CSMs and CDs respectively, transfer MSYs may improve the overall efficiency of feed manufacture, and evaluating MSYs as a whole may provide more representative evaluations of feed before animal consumption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 100554"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth, carcass characteristics, meat quality, blood indices and gut microbiota of broiler chickens fed diets enriched with a combination of organic Zn, Se and Si nanoparticles","authors":"Elwy A. Ashour ,&nbsp;Ahmed K. Aldhalmi ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Kamal ,&nbsp;Azza R.F. El dosokey ,&nbsp;Ayman A. Swelum","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research studied the impacts of feeding different amounts of ZnNPs, SeNPs, and SiNPs on the carcass, gut microbiota, meat quality, growth performance, and blood markers in broilers up to 38 days old. For a total of 300 chicks, five groups were given six replications of ten unsexed one-week broiler chicks (Cobb). At various doses, the five experimental treatment groups received corn-soybean meal-based nutritional supplements: 0.0, 1.5 mg/kg SeNPs + 2.0 mg/kg ZnNPs, 1.5 mg/kg SeNPs + 3.0 mg/kg SiNPs, 2.0 mg/kg ZnNPs + 3.0 mg/kg SiNPs, and 1.5 mg/kg SeNPs + 2.0 mg/kg ZnNPs + 3.0 mg/kg SiNPs. The results showed significant differences (<em>P</em>≤0.05) between the treatments in the period from 22–38 days and 7–38 days. We observed that the birds in T2 consumed the most FI, while those in T3 and T4 consumed the least. The T4 group had a higher FCR than the other groups, but BWG and PI did not differ. The findings indicated no significant variations (<em>P</em>≤0.05) in carcass characteristics among the treatments. The outcomes found that administering SeNPs, ZnNPs, and SiNPs to birds significantly reduced their LDL, belly fat, and cholesterol. It also significantly impacted their T₃, T₄, IgA, and IgG levels and increased their HDL levels. In conclusion, SeNPs, ZnNPs, and SiNPs improved broiler performance, certain carcass features, gut microbial load, and improved meat quality for end consumers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 100552"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precise nutrition 2: Regression equations using KOH protein solubility to estimate digestible lysine and digestible arginine in commercial lots of soybean meal that have undergone overprocessing or auto combustion","authors":"Nelson Ruiz ,&nbsp;Carl M. Parsons ,&nbsp;Benjamin W. Parsons","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to develop regression equations for lysine <strong>(Lys</strong>) and arginine (<strong>Arg</strong>) that would allow poultry nutritionists and formulators to estimate amino acid (<strong>AA</strong>) digestibility in commercial lots of solvent-extracted soybean meal (<strong>SBM</strong>) using a newly standardized protocol for KOH protein solubility (<strong>KOHPS</strong>). A total of 82 SBM samples, selected from 100 samples that were analyzed for in vivo AA digestibility, were analyzed for KOHPS. The KOHPS values ranged from 14 to 88 %, while digestible Lys coefficients ranged from 0.47 to 0.96. Digestible Arg coefficients ranged from 0.62 to 0.98. It became evident from total Lys and Arg analyses of the original samples that a net destruction of Lys and Arg occurred as KOHPS decreased; therefore, corrected digestibility coefficients were calculated using estimated total Lys and total Arg values. Estimated values were obtained utilizing regressions for each AA as a function of CP. Regressions on KOHPS were then run with and without corrected digestibility coefficients. Linear regressions provided the best fit for corrected digestible coefficients vs. KOHPS. The 1-slope broken line regression for Lys indicated that a plateau occurred at 80 % KOHPS and a digestible Lys coefficient of 0.88; therefore, an adequately processed solvent-extracted SBM should exhibit a minimum of 80 % KOHPS, which will yield an in vivo digestible Lys coefficient of 0.88. Equations developed from regression of digestible Lys and Arg coefficients against KOHPS herein will allow commercial poultry nutritionists and formulators to adjust AA digestibility in the formulation matrix for SBM according to its KOHPS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 100551"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the effect of the probiotic in the effectiveness of the Newcastle disease vaccine in specific pathogen-free chickens","authors":"Navid Asgharian ,&nbsp;Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi ,&nbsp;Naheed Mojgani ,&nbsp;Shaban Rahimi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Majid Ebrahimi","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study aimed to assess the impact of a probiotic supplement on the effectiveness of the Newcastle disease (<strong>ND</strong>) vaccine in specific pathogen-free (<strong>SPF</strong>) chickens. A total of one hundred and twenty 7-day-old SPF chicks were randomly divided into six groups including: CNT (control group), PRO (probiotic), RCV (Razi Clone12IR vaccine), ICV (imported Clone vaccine), PRO + RCV (probiotic and Razi Clone12IR vaccine), and PRO + ICV (probiotic and imported Clone vaccine). Administration of the probiotic, either alone or in conjunction with ND vaccination, decreased cholesterol and increased total protein, albumin, calcium, and phosphorus concentrations (<em>P &lt;</em> 0.05). Increasing weight, length, and bone breaking strength were observed in chickens that were given the probiotic alone. The highest concentration of malondialdehyde (<strong>MDA</strong>) was recorded in the CNT, while MDA levels decreased in the PRO, PRO + RCV, and PRO + ICV (<em>P &lt;</em> 0.05). An increase in IgY anti-SRBC antibody titer was found in the PRO + RCV and PRO + ICV groups. Higher antibody titer against ND was observed in the PRO + RCV (<em>P &lt;</em> 0.05). The use of probiotics during ND vaccination led to increased lysozyme activity compared to other groups (<em>P &lt;</em> 0.05). The birds receiving probiotics exhibited significantly greater villus height, crypt depth, and villus height/crypt depth ratio in the duodenum (<em>P &lt;</em> 0.05). No histopathological lesions were observed in the trachea, lungs, liver, or bursa of Fabricius in vaccinated chickens, regardless of whether they received probiotic dietary supplementation. The study’s findings suggest that incorporating probiotics during ND vaccination can enhance the health-related parameters of SPF chickens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 100549"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precise nutrition 1: Standardization of the KOH protein solubility test for soybean meal in a single commercial laboratory and correlation to in vivo poultry amino acid digestibility","authors":"Nelson Ruiz ,&nbsp;Carl M. Parsons ,&nbsp;Brian Steinlicht ,&nbsp;Dave Taysom ,&nbsp;Xin Wu ,&nbsp;Fiona Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The KOH protein solubility (<strong>KOHPS</strong>) method to evaluate if a lot of commercial soybean meal (<strong>SBM</strong>) has undergone the Maillard reaction during processing was introduced to the animal feed industry by Araba and Dale (1990). Although it is used worldwide, there are 2 limitations that have not been addressed. There is large inter-laboratory variability of the test and an absence of a quantitative interpretation of the results in terms of amino acid (<strong>AA</strong>) digestibility that can be used by nutritionists and formulators for commercial SBM affected by the Maillard reaction. The objective of this study was to standardize the KOHPS method in a single commercial laboratory starting from the description by Araba and Dale (1990) by using commercial SBM samples whose in vivo AA digestibility status was known. For this purpose, 2 SBM samples, one with high solubility (80 to 85 % KOHPS) and another with low solubility (KOHPS ∼ 50 %), were used as reference samples to develop a preliminary protocol. Then adjustments in intensity of agitation were made with 4 SBM samples of known in vivo digestible Lys coefficients (0.88 to 0.96) to yield KOHPS values from 80 % to 85 %. The standardized protocol yielded KOHPS values from 50 to 56 % for the low solubility SBM reference sample and 3 samples known to have low in vivo digestible Lys coefficients (0.73 to 0.77). In conclusion, a standardized protocol is now available for the determination of KOHPS of commercial SBM that will allow regression equations to be developed for the estimation of digestible AA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 100550"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144290559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycotoxins as antinutritional factors: occurrence, impacts and management","authors":"Alexandra C. Weaver","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mycotoxins are chemical metabolites produced by a variety of mold species. While mycotoxin form and concentration can vary from year to year, by location and by feedstuff type, mycotoxins are a contaminant that has global reach and has potential to influence the health of both animals and humans. In poultry, the negative effects of mycotoxins may be observed through changes in growth performance and efficiency, damage to internal organs, alterations in nutrient and mineral status, changes to hormone regulation and reproduction, and impaired immune function which could result in poor vaccination response or increased disease occurrence. Together, these effects lead to an overall reduction in production performance and bird health. Given the chemical nature of mycotoxins and their negative effects on birds, mycotoxins are similar to another category of compounds called antinutritional factors. These compounds are also metabolites, in this case produced by plants, that can result in adverse effects when consumed by birds. Attention has been given to antinutritional factors by poultry producers and nutritionists, and mycotoxins certainly deserve the same level of concern. However, through analysis of feedstuffs and feeds, understanding of mycotoxin risk, and proper management techniques, producers have the ability to mitigate the challenges posed by mycotoxins.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 100543"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Handling and loading market-ready turkeys – Focus groups exploring the perspectives of live haul crew workers in the turkey industry","authors":"Luz A. Hernandez ,&nbsp;Victoria R. Merenda ,&nbsp;Monique D. Pairis-Garcia ,&nbsp;Maria Coady ,&nbsp;Alejandro Amaya ,&nbsp;Jesse L. Grimes ,&nbsp;Allison N. Pullin","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improper handling and loading of market-ready turkeys during live haul presents significant challenges in the U.S. turkey industry. Bird injuries, such as bruises, scratches, and/or fractured or broken bones compromise animal welfare and lead to economic losses. However, the factors contributing to these handling challenges remain understudied. We aimed to identify barriers to implementing proper handling and loading techniques for market-ready turkeys through focus groups with commercial live haul crews. Participants identified three key themes: animal, farm, and human factors. Animal factors, such as bird sex, age, weight, and mobility, required crew members to modify handling strategies and varied the efficiency of live haul. The farm factors centered on the importance of preparing the barn environment for live haul. Adjusting lighting, ensuring good litter quality, scheduling nighttime shifts, using loading equipment correctly, and maintaining stable temperatures improve bird movement. Human factors included employee training methods, where informal training was the primary way in which crew members learned how to perform their tasks; the physical demands of the job, especially in challenging situations; and specific handling strategies to efficiently move birds and minimize injuries to animals and crew members. Animal, farm, and human factors are often interconnected, which compounds the complexity of ensuring proper animal handling for live haul. Future research in formal training, the design of farms, loading equipment, and personal protective equipment may mitigate the effects of these factors. Additionally, proactive teamwork and communication amongst veterinarians, producers, and live haul crews would better prepare farms for live haul.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 100547"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144290558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the impacts of xylo-oligosaccharides on growth performance of broiler chickens: A meta-analytical study","authors":"M. Naeem ,&nbsp;Dianna Bourassa ,&nbsp;Samuel Rochell ,&nbsp;Mike Bedford","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This meta-analytical study evaluated the impacts of xylo-oligosaccharide (XOS) supplementation on the growth performance of broiler chickens using data from 36 peer-reviewed studies, published between 2000 and 2024. The parameters analyzed included average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Results demonstrated that XOS supplementation increased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) ADG by 6.445 % and ADFI by 1.544 %, and decreased (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) FCR by 7.147 %, compared to the control. Furthermore, XOS supplementation reduced the coefficient of variation (CV%) for ADG, ADFI, and FCR by 9.386 %, 5.759 %, and 4.037 %, respectively, indicating enhanced consistency in growth performance. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive association between XOS levels and both ADG (R² = 0.023, <em>P =</em> 0.031) and ADFI (R² = 0.038, <em>P =</em> 0.009), while FCR showed no significant correlation (R² = 0.004, <em>P =</em> 0.391). A predictive model for ADG (R² = 0.850, RMSE = 0.135) accounted for 85 % of the variation and demonstrated reliability through cross-validation, making it a robust for forecasting growth performance based on XOS inclusion rates. The model also highlighted significant interactions between XOS levels and ADFI, suggesting that the effects of XOS are influenced by feed intake. These findings underscore the potential of XOS to optimize broiler productivity and sustainability. However, the variability in efficacy due to dietary composition, XOS purity, and environmental conditions warrants further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 100546"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-phytate phosphorous requirements of pullets from 3 to 6 weeks of age and carryover effects of phosphorous deficiency at 18 weeks of age","authors":"A.M. Lyons,&nbsp;M.E. Persia","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The non-phytate phosphorous (nPP) requirement of 3 to 6 week old laying hen pullets was determined using body weight gain (BWG), mortality corrected feed conversion ratio (FCRm), tibia ash percent (TAP) and tibia ash weight (TAW). Potential carryover effects of early nPP deficiency at 12 and 18 wk were determined with the same parameters. A total of 1,008 Lohman LSL-Lite 3-week-old pullets were distributed across 42 cages and assigned 1 of 7 treatments (0.15, 0.22, 0.29, 0.36, 0.43, 0.49, and 0.56% nPP). There were 24 birds per cage and they were fed ad libitum. Pullets remained in respective treatment groups and phase-fed common diets from 6 to 18 wk. Body weight and FCRm were determined every 3 wk. At 6, 12, and 18 wk of age, 6, 2, and 2 pullets per pen, respectively, were euthanized for tibia ash determination. Data were analyzed using ANOVA in JMP Pro 16.0 and means were separated using Student’s t-test (P ≤ 0.05). Regression analysis from 3 to 6 wk was completed using BWG, FCRm, TAP, and TAW as response variables. The nPP requirement was 0.17% nPP for BWG, 0.14% nPP for FCRm, 0.16% nPP for TAP, and 0.14% nPP for TAW using linear broken line regression. The 0.15% nPP treatment from 3 to 6 wk reduced BW and TAW (P ≤ 0.05) at 6 wk of age. With at least 6 wk of recovery, measured parameters were not different starting at 12 wk (P &gt; 0.05). The nPP requirement for pullets from 3-6 wk of age was 0.16% to maximize bone ash percent with no carryover effects noted by 18 wk of age when adequate nPP was fed from 6 to 18 wks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 100545"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}