Journal of Applied Poultry Research最新文献

{"title":"Dietary lysine centered amino acid density tested across zinc levels in Ross male broilers","authors":"M.T. Kidd ,&nbsp;S.C. Wells ,&nbsp;V.G. Slick ,&nbsp;S.K. Orlowski-Workman ,&nbsp;K.B. Nelson ,&nbsp;K.M. Shafer ,&nbsp;A. Jasek","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Broiler nutritionists often increase amino acid density in market conditions where soybean meal price is below average, and breast meat prices are above average. Resultant diets typically have higher lysine levels, coupled with higher levels of other essential and nonessential amino acids and soybean meal. This work assessed dietary amino acid balance across organic Zn source because Zn metabolism spans all known-six enzyme classes and plays a role in protein synthesis. Ross male 708-by-product broilers were fed three Lys-driven amino acid density levels across four added Zn levels in the form of Zn Lys Zn Glu from 1 to 14, 14-28, and 28-42 d of age (12 treatments replicated 6 times). Average dietary digestible Lys ranged from below to above primary breeder guidelines and averaged Zn ranged from 0 to 60 added ppm. Intermediate and total period data consisted of live production, processing transportation weight loss, processing uniformity, processed yields, and subsequent meat quality, of which interactions were minimal, indicating the independency of dietary variables tested herein. Increasing amino acid density improved live performance and breast meat yields, but at the expense of deteriorated meat quality. Higher Zn was needed to improve early livability (1-14 d) and flock uniformity at 42 d. Regarding Lys, feeding broilers 1.30, 1.20, 1.10 % digestible of diet resulted in improved live performance whereas 1.4, 1.3, and 1.2 % digestible resulted in the highest breast yield improvements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 2","pages":"Article 100538"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of sacha inchi oil (Plukenetia volubilis) on productive performance, egg quality and blood biochemistry of laying hens","authors":"Segundo J. Zamora ,&nbsp;Miguel A. Arista ,&nbsp;Paul A. Fernández ,&nbsp;Loidy Valle ,&nbsp;Hugo Frias ,&nbsp;Elías Salvador-Tasayco ,&nbsp;Yoany D. Leiva ,&nbsp;Nilton L. Murga ,&nbsp;Ives Yoplac ,&nbsp;William Bardales ,&nbsp;José Américo Saucedo-Uriarte","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The benefits of omega-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are regaining importance in the growth, health and immunology of humans and animals. Sacha inchi (<em>Plukenetia volubilis</em> L.) is rich in PUFA, but has rarely been used to produce fortified foods. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of P. volubilis oil in diets on the production, quality, fatty acid profile, blood biochemistry and sensory aspect of hen eggs. 150 brown Hy-line hens 32 weeks old were distributed in 5 treatments: 0 % (control diet), 1 %, 2 %, 2 %, 3 % and 4 % <em>P. volubilis</em> oil, with 10 replicates consisting of 3 birds per cage. <em>P. volubilis</em> oil did not affect the productive parameters and physical quality of the egg, except for the color space a*. A reduction in the levels of omega-6 PUFA (ω-6) specifically linoleic acid (LA) and an increase of those (ω-3) were observed in egg yolk; especially alpha-linolenic (ALA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). The addition of 4 % <em>P. volubilis</em> oil reduced the ratio of ω-6/ω-3 to 2.69 and the addition of 1 % reported a deposition rate of 250 mg/yolk of ω-3 (ALA, EPA and DHA). The addition of <em>P. volubilis</em> oil in hen diets did not affect their productive characteristics and physical egg quality, but it did influence the enrichment with ω-3 in egg yolk. This could serve as an efficient strategy to improve animal health and produce functional eggs for consumers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 2","pages":"Article 100537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Free-range rearing characteristics of two German dual-purpose chicken breeds: Dresden chickens and Dresden bantams","authors":"Ruben Schreiter ,&nbsp;Tobias Born ,&nbsp;Marion Herzog ,&nbsp;Markus Freick","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study characterized the rearing of two dual-purpose chicken breeds, Dresden chickens (DrChi) and Dresden bantams (DrBa), in terms of growth and slaughter performance and integument condition under extensive free-range conditions. The trial consisted of two rearing groups with 173 DrChi and 197 DrBa, which were reared over a period of 20 weeks. Additionally, 50 slow-growing Cobb Sasso™ (CoSa) broilers served as the control group until week 10. DrChi reached body weights of 2,293.1 ± 356.4 g (roosters) and 1,777.9 ± 201.8 g (hens), while DrBa weighed 1,223.1 ± 120.0 g (roosters) and 880.0 ± 121.9 g (hens) by week 20. The growth data were fitted to a re-parameterized Gompertz function. As a result, the maximum daily weight gain were calculated at 19.5 g, 14.5 g, 9.8 g, and 7.1 g, at week of age 9.5, 10.2, 9.2, and 8.9 for male and female DrChi and DrBa, respectively. Using binary logistic regression models, breed and age showed significant differences in plumage damage (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001 each). In the evaluation of the slaughter data, the effects of breed were found both in terms of the carcass yield (DrChi: 64.4 %; DrBa: 59.8 %; CoSa: 72.5 %; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.014) and in the proportions of valuable cuts (breast filet—DrChi: 14.5 %; DrBa: 16.7 %; CoSa: 24.9 %; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001; thigh meat—DrChi: 34.7 %; DrBa: 31.4 %; CoSa: 30.0; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). In conclusion, both local breeds were suitable for extensive rearing and could be an option for local direct marketing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 2","pages":"Article 100530"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of a Bacillus-based probiotic on fecal shedding and cecal colonization of Salmonella Enteritidis in laying hens","authors":"I. Poudel ,&nbsp;A. Calvert ,&nbsp;A.S. Kiess ,&nbsp;L. Zhang ,&nbsp;P.A. Adhikari","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study was conducted to evaluate a <em>Bacillus-</em>based probiotic to reduce <em>Salmonella</em> Enteritidis (<strong>SE</strong>) infection in Hy-Line W-36 hens at 24 weeks of age. The hens were assigned to four treatment groups: non challenged with basal diet (<strong>NC</strong>); challenged with basal diet (<strong>PC</strong>), PC + probiotic at 1 × 10⁶ CFU/kg (<strong>PRO1</strong>), and PC + probiotic at 2 × 10⁶ CFU /kg (<strong>PRO2</strong>). The probiotic used was a combination of five strains of <em>Bacillus</em> spp. Birds were adapted to the experimental diets for one week after which challenged birds were orally gavaged for two consecutive days with approximately 1 × 10⁹ colony-forming units (<strong>CFU</strong>) of nalidixic acid-resistant SE. Feed and water were provided <em>ad libitum</em> throughout the experiment. Fecal samples were collected on 3-, 7- and 14-days post inoculation (dpi). Cecal contents were collected aseptically on 7 and 14 dpi. Both fecal and cecal samples were plated on xylose lysine tergitol 4 (<strong>XLT4</strong>) plates with 200 ppm nalidixic acid using the direct plate method. Fecal samples were further enriched as per the National Poultry Improvement Plan procedures on tetrathionate (TT) and Rappaport Vassiliadis (RV) broth. Data were log-transformed and analyzed using the PROC GLIMMIX procedure of SAS 9.4. In the Ceca, PRO1 reduced the concentration of SE by 0.90 logs at 7 dpi (<em>P</em>=0.046). Although at 14 dpi both PRO1 and PRO2 decreased SE by 0.40 and 0.60 logs in the ceca (<em>P</em>=0.08). Similarly at 14 dpi, PRO1 and PRO2 reduced SE concentration by 0.80 and 0.75 logs in fecal samples using direct plating (<em>P</em>=0.032). Similarly, we observed that RV and TT enrichment increased SE counts by 1.5 and 2.6 logs, respectively at 14 dpi (<em>P</em>&lt;0.001). This indicates that the enrichment method increased the SE enumeration as compared to direct plating method. There were no differences in SE fecal shedding at 0, 3, and 7 dpi by direct platting or enrichment methods. In conclusion, <em>Bacillus</em>-based probiotics have the potential to reduce SE in both ceca and fecal samples from laying hens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 2","pages":"Article 100532"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Eimeria gallopavonis dose for vaccination strategies in turkeys","authors":"P. Yeboah ,&nbsp;D. Ibiwoye ,&nbsp;J.C. Bielke ,&nbsp;W.N. Briggs ,&nbsp;K.M. Chasser ,&nbsp;A.F. Duff ,&nbsp;L.R. Bielke","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Three experiments were conducted to determine the appropriate dose level of <em>E. gallopavonis</em> for autogenous vaccine production to manage its highly virulent nature. In experiment 1, birds were divided into four groups: 0 (Non-inoculated Control, NIC), 30, 90, or 270 <em>E. gallopavonis</em> oocysts per poult (OPB); experiment 2 included NIC, 30, and 90 OPB, while experiment 3 tested NIC, 15, and 30 OPB. Body weight and oocysts per gram of excreta (OPG) were enumerated in experiment 1 on d7 and d14, in experiments 2 and 3 on days 7, 14, 21, and 28. For experiment 1, no differences (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05) were observed in OPG; BW decreased significantly (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) in the 30 and 270 OPB groups, and a 45 % mortality in the 270 OPB group was recorded. In experiment 2, d28, BW in 90 OPB at 776 g was lower (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) than NIC birds at 846g. OPG peaked at d14 in pens receiving 30 OPB and those on 90 OPB, but both declined by d28. Lastly, vaccination with 15 OPB in experiment 3 did not affect BW, but 30 OPB levels were lower at d21 and d28 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). OPG levels with those on 30 OPB were significantly higher (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) on d21 compared to 15 OPB and NIC. Similarly, mortality was high in the 30 OPB group at 47 %, while the 15 OPB and NIC were 9 % and 7 %, respectively. Among all the dose levels, 15 OPB recorded the lowest adverse effects; however, concern about the consistency of infection at this low dose remains, and thus, additional vaccine management strategies are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 2","pages":"Article 100533"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction effect of prebiotic products as feed additives and rearing systems on performance, slaughter yield and intestinal health of broiler chickens","authors":"Hani H. Al-Baadani,&nbsp;Ahmad A. Aboragah,&nbsp;Abdulrahman S. Alharthi,&nbsp;Rashed A. Alhotan","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to determine the interactive effects of prebiotics and rearing systems on the performance, gut microbiota, and health of broilers. A total of 576 one-day-old male Ross 308 chicks were used in a 3 × 2 factorial experiment. Three feed additives (control, 1 g gum Arabic (GA)/kg, and 1 g inactive <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> (SC)/kg) were evaluated in a floor system with 8 replicates per feed additive (12 chicks/replicate) or a cage system with 16 replicates per feed additive (6 chicks/replicate). Body weight, daily weight gain, daily feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were assessed at the ages of 14 and 34 days. At 34 days of age, carcass yield was evaluated, and the microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the cecum as well as gene expression and histomorphometry in the ileum were determined. Our results indicated that GA and SC increased body weight, daily weight gain, daily feed intake, carcass weight, acetic acid, and total SCFAs concentrations(<em>P &lt; 0.05</em>) and improved the immune response of broilers (<em>P &lt; 0.05</em>). GA and SC showed higher (<em>P &lt; 0.01</em>) count of <em>Lactobacillus spp</em>. and lower (<em>P &lt;</em> 0.05) count of <em>Clostridium perfringens</em> and <em>Escherichia coli.</em> Floor system had lower (<em>P &lt; 0.05</em>) daily feed intake and higher carcass weight, legs weight, <em>Lactobacillus spp</em>. count, <em>sIgA</em>, total SCFAs, and villus length. <em>IL-1β, SIgA</em>, and goblet cells were increased (<em>P &lt; 0.05</em>) by GA and SC in both rearing systems than the controls. The results suggest that identical effects between the two prebiotic products with the synergistic potential of prebiotic products and floor systems may improve performance and promote intestinal health in broilers.‎</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 2","pages":"Article 100535"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of brown egg fertility by multi-directional visible/near-infrared spectroscopy and machine learning","authors":"Seyyedeh Arefeh Hosseini ,&nbsp;Ahmad Banakar ,&nbsp;Saeid Minaei ,&nbsp;Saman Abdanan Mehdizadeh ,&nbsp;Mohamad Amir Karimi Torshizi ,&nbsp;Guoming Li","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poultry products provide affordable proteins to meet daily nutrient requirements for human. In aligned with the growing human population, the poultry industry has been intensified and mechanized over the past decades. Hatchery is a key component in the modern integrated poultry industry by providing chicks for commercial production. Detection of egg fertility during the first few days of incubation allow hatcheries to exclude infertile or problematic eggs in a timely manner, reducing incubator space, utility costs, and contamination from exploder eggs. The objective of this research was to investigate brown egg fertility detection via multi-directional point visible/near-infrared (VIS/NIR) spectroscopy and machine learning. A total of 130 brown eggs were measured with the point VIS/NIR spectroscopy from days 0 to 5 of incubation. Spectral images of the eggs were collected from three directions (X, Y, and Z axes) and in the spectral range of 190-1100 nm. Four preprocessing methods (e.g., Savitzky-Golay, Gaussian, Multiplicative Scatter Correction, and Standard Normal Variet) were separately or jointly applied to filter un-wanted data and noises in spectrums. Then feature selection was performed using Principal Component Analysis and T-test. Finally, the Support Vector Machine classifier was used to determine brown egg fertility based on the filtered data and extracted features. The results indicate that the best precisions (%) of determining egg fertility on days 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of incubation were 90.3, 90.9, 91.3, 91.9, 92.3, and 94.3, respectively. The proposed framework is a useful tool to identify egg fertility in early stages of incubation and support efficient and sustainable poultry production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 2","pages":"Article 100534"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143783591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of various processing factors on the pH, water activity and microbiological characteristics of pickled Japanese quail (Coturnix c, japonica) eggs","authors":"A. Hoover,&nbsp;P.L. Dawson,&nbsp;D.P. Smith,&nbsp;J.K. Northcutt","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study determined the effect of different commercial pickling errors on pH, water activity and microbiology of hard cooked quail eggs. Experiment 1 tested pH and water activity of cooled and hot hard cooked eggs held for 24 or 48 h in tap water (control) or commercial pickling solution. Experiment 2 examined FDA's 24 h acidification requirement by evaluated egg microbiology after 24 h of storage in commercial brine (5 % vinegar containing 1.5 % sugar (w/v) and 4.3 % salt (w/v)), or in brine missing salt, sugar or both salt and sugar. Hard-cooked eggs were prepared and inoculated in experiment 2 on the peeled surface with a mixed culture of <em>Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes</em>, and <em>Salmonella Typhimurium</em>. A subset of raw eggs was inoculated in the yolk before boiling and surface inoculated. Egg yolk pH and egg albumen pH decreased to 3.9 after 24 h in commercial brine, which is below the pH (4.6) recommended by FDA for safety. Numbers of <em>Salmonella Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli</em> and coliforms recovered from eggs pickled in commercial brine or brine missing either salt, sugar or both were below the detection limit (&lt; 1.4 log cfu/g egg) after 24 h of holding time. Levels of <em>Salmonella Typhimurium, E. coli</em> and coliforms were detectable on pickled eggs inoculated in the yolk before boiling and surface inoculated after boiling and peeling. This suggests that additional hurdles and environmental monitoring procedures may be needed during quail egg pickling, especially if eggs are suspected to be contaminated by both vertical and horizontal transmission.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 2","pages":"Article 100531"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of a digestible calcium system: Why is it needed and where are we?","authors":"K.M. Venter ,&nbsp;R. Angel ,&nbsp;D.R. Korver ,&nbsp;M. Cunha ,&nbsp;P.W. Plumstead","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The regulation of blood calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) levels are closely intertwined, requiring that their metabolically available supply in the diet be carefully balanced. The majority of the P in plant-based feed ingredients is stored as phytate, which is poorly digestible by broilers, while inorganic P sources also show significant variability in digestibility. For decades, poultry nutritionists have incorporated available P in diet formulation, recognizing that the digestibility of P in feedstuffs is highly variable. In contrast, poultry diets are still formulated on a total Ca (tCa) basis, overlooking the variable digestibility of Ca from different dietary sources. Incorrect assumptions regarding the digestibility of Ca can lead to Ca imbalances, which negatively affect both broiler health and overall performance. Furthermore, the influence of Ca and limestone on phytase efficacy, which plays a critical role in enhancing P availability by breaking down phytate, is highlighted. As the poultry industry moves towards implementing a digestible Ca (dCa) system, the development of accurate prediction equations for limestone digestibility becomes essential. Such an approach not only improves the precision of diet formulation but also enhances overall broiler performance by ensuring a more balanced and metabolically available supply of both Ca and P. Transitioning to a dCa system, in conjunction with phytase use, represents a critical step in optimizing nutrient efficiency and improving sustainability in modern poultry production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 2","pages":"Article 100529"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing immune response in broiler chicks against newcastle disease virus using lemongrass and geranium oils: A comprehensive study on biochemical and antioxidant effects","authors":"Saif W. Bahgat ,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Lebda ,&nbsp;Nabil M. Taha ,&nbsp;Mohamed S. Elfeky ,&nbsp;Mustafa Shukry ,&nbsp;Mohamed Soliman ,&nbsp;Aml E. Hashem","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the effects of lemongrass oils (LO) and geranium oils (GO) on the immune response to NDV in 250 one-day-old Cobb broiler chicks. The chicks were divided into vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups, each further split into eight subgroups receiving LO, GO, or both as prophylactic or treatments post-NDV challenge. Mortality rates increased in treated non-vaccinated groups to 80 % (vs. 53.3 % in controls) and 20 % in vaccinated groups (vs. 13.3 % in controls). Biochemically, LO and GO improved liver and kidney function markers, including reduced serum ALT, AST, creatinine, and MDA, alongside a two-fold increase in spleen antioxidant Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) levels. Immune modulation showed elevated interleukin-10 (IL-10) and reduced interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) expression, indicating enhanced anti-inflammatory responses but potentially dampened antiviral immunity. Antibody titers against NDV increased significantly in non-vaccinated treated groups, suggesting improved viral resistance, whereas vaccinated groups showed minimal changes. Despite the observed biochemical and immune benefits, the unexpected rise in mortality underscores a complex interaction between LO, GO, and NDV, warranting further investigation into their mechanisms and safety. This study highlights the potential of LO and GO as natural immunomodulators but emphasizes the need for optimized dosing and application protocols to minimize adverse effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 2","pages":"Article 100528"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143636852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}