Journal of Applied Poultry Research最新文献

{"title":"Effect of neem (Azadirachta indica), girawa (Vernonia amygdalina) leaves meal and garlic (Allium sativum) on performance and egg qualities of layer chickens","authors":"Minichle Yigrem ,&nbsp;Getachew Animut ,&nbsp;Yeshambel Mekuriaw","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>A study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of neem, girawa leaves meal, and garlic for layer hens on performances and egg quality parameters.</em> A total of 128 bovans brown layer hens with uniform body weight (<strong>BW</strong>) were randomly distributed to 4 treatments, each with 4 replications in a completely randomized design (<strong>CRD</strong>). <em>The treatments consisted of a commercial diet without additives (T1), and the remaining groups received commercial diet with neem leaf meal (T2), girawa leaf meal (T3), and garlic powder (T4) at 2.5% level of inclusion. Performance parameters such as hen-day egg production, egg weight, feed intake, and internal and external egg qualities were evaluated for the laying hens. The results showed that the highest feed intake was reported in T2 (117.77 g/hen) and T4 (117.12 g/hen), while the lowest was reported in T3 (108.20 g/hen) compared to T1 (110.51 g/hen). Neem had the highest (P &lt; 0.05) hen-day egg production (92.45%), followed by garlic (89.78%), and the least hen-day egg production was recorded in girawa (83.86%) compared to control (87.4%). The egg mass was highest for T2, while T1 and T3 had the lowest. No significant difference was observed in egg weight, shell thickness, shell weight, albumin height, albumin weight, yolk weight, yolk height, and yolk diameter. However, egg length and yolk color were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) higher in T2. Therefore, it was concluded that neem leaf meal can be recommended in this study, and it has a good phytogenic feed additive for layer performance and egg qualities.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 100469"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142265155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Artemisia argyi alcohol extract supplementation on lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress in broilers and the underlying mechanism","authors":"Shuo Yang ,&nbsp;Min Huo ,&nbsp;Yuanqing Xu ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Xing ,&nbsp;Kenan Li ,&nbsp;Xiao Jin ,&nbsp;Sumei Yan ,&nbsp;Binlin Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate the impact of <em>Artemisia argyi</em> alcohol extract (<strong>AAAE</strong>) on lipopolysaccharide (<strong>LPS</strong>)-induced oxidative stress in broilers, providing a theoretical basis for AAAE as a feed additive. The experiment utilized a 2 × 2 factorial randomized complete block design with 2 levels of AAAE supplementation (0 and 750 mg/kg of base diet) and 2 levels of LPS challenge (0 and 750 μg/kg body weight [<strong>BW</strong>]). The experimental period spanned 42 d, divided into 3 phases: phase 1 (d 1–14; adaptation period), phase 2 (d 15–28; challenged with 750 mg /kg BW LPS or saline on d 15, 17, 19, and 21, followed by a 7-d recovery period), and phase 3 (d 29–42; challenged with 750 μg/kg BW LPS or saline on d 29, 31, 33, and 35, with another 7-d recovery period). The addition of AAAE in feed significantly alleviated the reduction in ADG, the apparent metabolic rate of nutrients (DM, CP, Ca) induced by LPS in broiler chickens, improving serum and small intestine antioxidant enzyme activities. Additionally, the supplementation of AAAE significantly upregulated the expression levels of liver <em>Nrf2, CAT</em> mRNA, and duodenum <em>Nrf2</em> mRNA. In conclusion, supplementation of AAAE in the diet alleviated the oxidative damage in liver and duodenum of broilers induced by LPS through the activation of the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, leading to increased secretion of downstream antioxidant enzymes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 100470"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142265157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary enteric-released or pure benzoic acid on Ross 708 male broilers","authors":"C.J. Fritzlen ,&nbsp;J.J. Maurer ,&nbsp;W. Chen ,&nbsp;Z. Tan ,&nbsp;H. Liu ,&nbsp;X. Peng ,&nbsp;Z. Qin ,&nbsp;Y. Peng ,&nbsp;M.E. Persia","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100468","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100468","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of pure benzoic acid (<strong>PBA</strong>) or enteric-released benzoic acid (<strong>EBA</strong>) on performance, intestinal histology, apparent ileal digestibility (<strong>AID</strong>), cecal coliform and enterococci abundance, and litter moisture of broilers raised on used litter. Day-old male broiler chicks were assigned to control (<strong>Con</strong>), nontreated diet; positive control (BMD), Con + 50 ppm bacitracin methylene disalicylate; PBA, Con +1,000 ppm of PBA; EBA, Con +330 ppm of EBA. From 0 to 28 and 0 to 42 d, BMD outperformed the Con in either BW gain (<strong>BWG</strong>) or mortality corrected FCR (FCRm) (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.05). Over 0 to 28 d, EBA and PBA improved BWG and FCRm compared to the Con (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.05). When the entire 0 to 42 d period was considered, EBA improved both BWG and FCRm in comparison to Con (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.05). Supplementation with EBA and PBA resulted in inconsistent responses in duodenum and jejunum morphology; specifically, PBA decreased 28 d duodenal crypt depth and increased villus height to crypt depth ratio, while EBA decreased 28 d jejunum crypt depth (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.05). There were no differences in AID or cecal coliform counts (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) due to treatment. However, PBA significantly reduced enterococcus counts at 42 d by 0.48 Log₁₀ CFU/g compared to CON. These results suggest that EBA can increase BWG and decrease FCRm, while PBA performance was similar to CON. Additionally, benzoic acid decreased crypt depth, with the response being tissue-specific depending on the form of benzoic used.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 100468"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1056617124000667/pdfft?md5=c4d024994674900cec461a8673e95542&pid=1-s2.0-S1056617124000667-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of prebiotic, probiotic, and synbiotic products on oxidative status, performance, and parasitological parameters of broiler chickens induced with cecal coccidiosis","authors":"M. Ogwiji ,&nbsp;I.D. Jatau ,&nbsp;A.J. Natala ,&nbsp;M. Mohany ,&nbsp;S.S. Al-Rejaie ,&nbsp;M. Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The chicken's cellular immune response to invasion by <em>Eimeria tenella</em>, the cause of cecal coccidiosis, a destructive parasitic disease of poultry, generates reactive oxidative species (<strong>ROS</strong>). The antioxidant, performance, and parasitological effects of prebiotic (Sugarcane molasses), probiotic (<em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em>), and synbiotic (cocktail of probiotics and prebiotics) supplementation in drinking water on cecal coccidiosis were investigated in this report. Ninety day-old broiler chicks were divided into 6 groups (A, B, C, D, E, and F), each with 15 chicks. At 21 d of age, Groups B – F were inoculated with 2.0 × 10⁴ <em>Eimeria tenella</em> sporulated oocysts/chick. Group A was used as negative control. The positive control Group B, was not supplemented. Throughout the experiment, Group C was given sugarcane molasses, Group D was given probiotics and Group E was given synbiotics. Group F received prophylactic amprolium treatment. Results revealed inoculated groups had significant (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) increases in glutathione peroxidase (<strong>GPx</strong>) activities; 4.59 ± 3.89, 3.47 ± 0.92, 4.03 ± 1.89, 4.44 ± 1.99, 3.47 ± 1.44 U/ml in Groups B, C, D, E and F respectively compared with Group A (1.90 ± 0.21 U/ml) at 1-wk post inoculation (PI). Malondialdehyde (<strong>MDA</strong>) concentration likewise increased significantly in the same groups and period. However, superoxide dismutase (<strong>SOD</strong>) activities decreased significantly in the inoculated groups; 1,210.57 ± 29.59, 2,536.83 ± 108.82, 3,049.97 ± 86.68, 2,776.80 ± 399.69, 1,868.83 ± 45.04 U/ml in Groups B to F respectively compared with Group A (3,502.47 ± 224.35 U/ml) while catalase (<strong>CAT</strong>) activities were increased. Oocysts shed in feces were significantly increased 1-wk postinoculation in B but least in F, cecal lesion scores were similar. Feed intake declined significantly in inoculated groups especially B, alongside weight gain. Feed conversion ratio increased in the inoculated groups. The differences in the activities of the enzymes and MDA level between the supplemented groups and the positive control alongside evaluated parasitological parameters show the antioxidant effect of these supplements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 100472"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1056617124000709/pdfft?md5=3735742418c2f171e9c64cca3ed8773e&pid=1-s2.0-S1056617124000709-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142243325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In ovo feeding of Citrus aurantiifolia seed extract on hatchability, chick quality, physiological response, intestinal morphology and posthatch growth performance of cobb 500 broiler chickens","authors":"R.F. Kpossou ,&nbsp;B. Adjei-Mensah ,&nbsp;O. N'nanle ,&nbsp;N. Everaert ,&nbsp;K. Tona","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of <em>in ovo</em> injection of <em>Citrus aurantiifolia</em> seeds extract (<strong>CASE</strong>) into broiler incubating eggs. Five hundred and four (504) Cobb 500 breeder eggs with evidence of living embryos were selected for air chamber injection on embryonic d 18. The experimental treatments included control (without injection), Ext0.5µg (eggs injected with 0.5 μg/ml of CASE), Ext0.75µg (eggs injected with 0.75 μg/ml of CASE), Ext1µg (eggs injected with 1.0 μg/ml of CASE). After hatching, 360 chicks were distributed to their respective treatments with 6 replicates and raised for 6 wk in a completely randomized design (15 birds per replicate). The hatch events time decreased with increasing levels of CASE injection while at day old, the concentration of hematological parameters and chick quality score increased in all the <em>in ovo</em> injection treatments (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The injection of CASE at 0.5 µg/ml into the incubated eggs increased the weight of chicks at hatch and the ratio of the weight of chicks at hatch to the weight of the incubated egg (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and showed improved values of body weight gain and feed conversion ratio at 42 d. At hatch time, the injection of CASE showed a higher concentration of T4 (thyroxine) and a marked increase in plasma SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity compared to the control (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, CASE injection caused a significant improvement in the jejunal morphometry (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). It was concluded that the <em>in ovo</em> injection of <em>Citrus aurantiifolia</em> seed extract during the prehatch period in broiler eggs is effective at 0.5 µg/ml.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 100471"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1056617124000692/pdfft?md5=096a0802377dfc58f2cc653a1e598a08&pid=1-s2.0-S1056617124000692-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142265185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Verify the effectiveness of various inclusions of butyrate on male broilers raised on used litter without antibiotics","authors":"C.J. Fritzlen,&nbsp;J.J. Maurer,&nbsp;E.A. Wong,&nbsp;M.E. Persia","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An experiment was conducted to verify the effectiveness of butyrate (<strong>BA</strong>) in diets of broiler chickens raised without antibiotics and exposed to used litter. Dietary treatments included: negative control (<strong>NC</strong>), a nonsupplemented diet on fresh shavings; positive control (<strong>PC</strong>), the same nonsupplemented diet on used litter; 500 BA, similar diet with 500 ppm BA on used litter; 1,000 BA, similar diet with 1,000 ppm BA on used litter; 500/250 BA, similar diet with 500 ppm BA from 0 to 8 d and 250 ppm BA from 8 to 42 d on used litter; 1,000/250 BA, similar diet with 1,000 ppm BA from 0 to 8 d and 250 ppm BA from 8 to 42 d on used litter. From 0 to 8 d, the PC resulted in a 6.8 g decrease in BW gain (<strong>BWG</strong>) compared to NC, but this response was lost from 0 to 25 d or 0 to 42 d. There were no differences in mortality corrected, FCR (FCRm) between PC and NC. All BA treatments increased BWG in comparison to PC from 0 to 8 d, with no differences from NC. Butyrate improved 0 to 8 d FCRm compared to both PC and NC (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.05), but these responses were lost over time (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Butyrate increased apparent ileal digestibility of energy and DM (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Butyrate had no effect on oocyst shedding compared to PC (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Butyrate was able to ameliorate the negative performance effects with reused litter over the 8-d starter period and was able to increase ileal digestibility of energy and DM.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 100466"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1056617124000643/pdfft?md5=7b0ccbed104cbe223e1ae300211d0ca7&pid=1-s2.0-S1056617124000643-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142210871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inclusion of complexed trace minerals enhances performance of broiler chickens","authors":"Shemil P. Macelline ,&nbsp;Peter H. Selle ,&nbsp;Sonia Y. Liu ,&nbsp;Lane Pineda ,&nbsp;Yanming Han ,&nbsp;Mehdi Toghyani","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Trace minerals are essential components in standard broiler diets, playing a vital role in growth performance and skeletal development in broiler chickens. Conventionally, trace minerals have been included in broiler diets as inorganic salts. However, inorganic trace minerals are highly water soluble and reactive in the feed, thus, can potentially react with other dietary antagonists, such as phytate, fiber, and other minerals. This reduces their bioavailability for the birds. Alternatively, dietary trace minerals from complexed sources have displayed better stability and consequently bioavailability. The present study was completed to evaluate the efficacy of different sources and concentrations of zinc, manganese, and copper on growth performance, carcass parameters and tibia characteristics in broiler chickens reared to 35 d of age. There were 5 dietary treatments, including a control diet with ZnSO₄, MnSO4, and CuSO4 as inorganic trace minerals, while the other 4 dietary treatments consisted of organic or hydroxychloride forms of Zn, Mn and Cu at different inclusion rates as complexed trace minerals. Diets supplemented with complexed trace minerals supported more efficient feed conversion than inorganic trace minerals from 1 to 35 d posthatch. Therefore, broilers offered diets with organic and hydroxychloride trace mineral blends exhibited improved FCR over inorganic trace minerals at notionally lower inclusion rates. Interestingly, complexed trace mineral inclusions at a lower level than those of inorganic sources did not result in any significant reduction in tibia breaking strength (<em>P</em> = 0.575), or toe ash (<em>P</em> = 0.406). This study shows that trace mineral supplementation as complexed sources in broiler diets exhibited superior efficacy than inorganic trace mineral sources as reflected in growth performance and tibia strengths.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 100465"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1056617124000631/pdfft?md5=287007ca604232a40aa29670a7213ff4&pid=1-s2.0-S1056617124000631-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141997530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing performance, morphological, physical, and chemical properties of eggs produced by 1940 Leghorn or a commercial 2016 Leghorn fed representative diets from 1940 to 2016","authors":"Dannica C. Wall ,&nbsp;Ramon D. Malheiros ,&nbsp;K.E. Anderson ,&nbsp;N. Anthony","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Eggshell quality is one of the most significant factors affecting the egg industry as it economically influences the quantity of saleable eggs. Eggshell quality can be improved through optimization of genotype, housing system, and mineral nutrition. This study aimed to compare genotypes and evaluate the morphological, physical, and chemical properties of eggs (weight, breaking strength, Haugh units, and dry matter) by hens of two different strains fed a 1940 and 2016 representative diet. Egg production was measured daily and there were four periods with 10-wk intervals in which eggs were analyzed starting at 30 wk and ending at 60 wk of age measuring quality parameters. This study was set as a 2 × 2 factorial. The factors consisted of 2 leghorn genetic strains that were a 2016 commercial layer (W36) and a 1940 random-bred leghorn line, then 2 diets based on 2016 and 1940 dietary standards. The treatment groups: 1) 2016 hen on 1940 diet, 2) 2016 hen on 2016 diet, 3) 1940 hen on 1940 diet, and 4) 1940 hen on 2016 diet had 8 replicates with 10 hens per treatment housing 2 hens per cage. Body weights were higher in the 2016 hens when compared to the 1940 hens, however, the feed conversion ratio fluctuated in hens with the 2016 hens on the 1940 diet consuming the most feed throughout the majority of the trial. The 1940s hens came into production later than the 2016 hens; however, the rate of production was consistent with one another. Oviduct and ovary weights were heavier in the 2016 hens when compared to the 1940 hens. Egg quality, both interior and exterior was greater in the 2016 hens when compared to the 1940 hens. Parameters measured demonstrated significant differences (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.05) among treatment groups suggesting that genetics and nutrition both played a role in production rate and egg quality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 100463"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1056617124000618/pdfft?md5=a4454a1eb6aaad69e46beefba7804fc9&pid=1-s2.0-S1056617124000618-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141942060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conditions contributing to the incidence of floor eggs in commercial cage-free egg production in Australia","authors":"Claudia Ciarelli ,&nbsp;Peter J. Groves ,&nbsp;Wendy I. Muir","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Commercial laying hens have been housed in conventional caged systems in Australia for many years where they have achieved maximum production through close management of temperature, lighting, diet, waste removal, automated egg collection, and secure food safety. However, the birds were limited in expressing natural behaviors including perching, nesting, and dust bathing. Increased public awareness of hen welfare prompted a shift in the housing type and there is now a predominance of cage-free housing including barn and free-range systems in Australia. In these houses the designated egg laying nesting areas are included in the indoor area and are designed to keep eggs clean while facilitating automatic egg collection. However, some hens choose to lay their eggs outside of the designated nesting areas. These eggs, referred to as mislaid, ground or floor eggs, cost the farming operation as they must be collected manually and are downgraded. This study was an opportunistic investigation into the putative risk factors for floor eggs from 69 commercial Australian brown egg-laying flocks. Two contexts of floor egg production were evaluated: where the farmer was concerned with the level of floor eggs or, where floor eggs were ≥2% production at peak lay. Flocks housed with cool white lighting or, that had experienced feather pecking, were associated with the farmer being concerned with the level of floor eggs. One strain of brown egg-layer contributed to ≥2% floor eggs at peak lay. These findings can assist farmers with operational decisions to minimize the number of floor eggs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 100464"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S105661712400062X/pdfft?md5=0897cfdd06d7b08371c80c323d0811ec&pid=1-s2.0-S105661712400062X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141852102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the prevalence of Fowl adenovirus diseases in Iranian broiler chicken farms: a systematic review","authors":"Hamideh Najafi ,&nbsp;Iman Pouladi ,&nbsp;Maryam Hataminejad ,&nbsp;Amin Jaydari","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fowl adenoviruses (<strong>FAdVs</strong>) cause a range of clinical symptoms, and viruses are becoming of great economic significance for the poultry industry. Hepatitis hydropericardium syndrome (<strong>HHS</strong>), inclusion body hepatitis (<strong>IBH</strong>), adenoviral gizzard erosion (<strong>AGE</strong>), lung disorders, and bleeding in the muscles and organs are among the diseases that are typically brought on by FAdVs. This study aims to investigate the spread of FAdV infections on broiler farms in Iran. The results of this research indicate that most of the diseases related to avian adenovirus (<strong>FAdV</strong>) in Iran include inclusion body hepatitis, adenoviral gizzard erosion, and Hepatitis-Hydropericardium Syndrome. According to the findings of this study, the most common disease related to FAdV in Iran is more than 70% inclusion body hepatitis, and after inclusion body hepatitis, adenoviral gizzard erosion is the most common in Iran. Additionally, it was found that serotypes 11 and 8b, as well as genotypes d and e, are the most common genotypes and serotypes linked to inclusion body hepatitis in Iran. Additionally, serotype 1 (<strong>FAdV-1</strong>) was shown to be the most often isolated serotype related to AGE disease in Iran throughout this study. Serotype 4 (<strong>FAdV-4</strong>) has been identified as the primary serotype linked to HHS isolates in Iran based on the findings of the previously described investigation. There is an urgent need to effectively monitor the FAV in slaughter-aged chickens across this country. Field isolates can also be recognized and classified using molecular techniques and virus isolation methods. Vaccinating broiler flocks in advance is the only effective strategy to control this disease. Regularly following vaccination schedules and the use of potent vaccinations are also recommended.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 100459"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1056617124000576/pdfft?md5=ed95c065779da8c584b55dd292ddf8cc&pid=1-s2.0-S1056617124000576-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141850815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}