Journal of Applied Poultry Research最新文献

{"title":"Investigating the effect of 1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol-glycosides and phytogenic antioxidants against bacterial chondronecrosis induced by aerosol transmission model","authors":"Khawla Alharbi ,&nbsp;Andi Asnayanti ,&nbsp;Amer Hasan ,&nbsp;Wesley J. Vaught ,&nbsp;Kathrin Buehler ,&nbsp;Jan Dirk Van der Klis ,&nbsp;Javier Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Michael T. Kidd ,&nbsp;Adnan Alrubaye","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (<strong>BCO</strong>) lameness has been a major concern in the broiler industry, causing financial losses and animal welfare issues. BCO lameness is caused by a bacterial infection in leg bones. Pathogens enter the bloodstream via respiratory and intestinal epithelial translocation and infect the tibia and femoral heads of the birds. Supplementation of 1,25(OH)₂D₃ is crucial in regulating calcium and phosphorus homeostasis, immune system, and bone metabolism. 1,25(OH)₂D₃ glycosides derived from <em>Solanum glaucophyllum</em> (G-1,25(OH)₂D₃) were hypothesized to mitigate BCO lameness in broilers. In this study, G-1,25(OH)₂D₃ alone or in combination with phytogenic antioxidants were tested for their impacts on cumulative BCO lameness in the broiler population. BCO seeder group and the negative control had developed 78,0% and 73.5% cumulative lameness (<em>P</em> = 0.64), respectively. Supplementation of 1 µg/kg of G-1,25(OH)₂D₃ was more effective in reducing the cumulative lameness than 10 µg/kg of G-1,25(OH)₂D₃ (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). There were no significant differences between 1 µg/kg of G-1,25(OH)₂D₃ alone or in combination with 500 mg/kg of a mixture of <em>Curcuma longa</em> plus <em>Trachyspermum ammi</em> (PH1), 750 mg/kg of a mixture of <em>Solanum xanthacarpum</em> plus <em>Piper longum</em> (PH2), or 500 mg/kg thyme oil. Therefore, 1 µg/kg of G-1,25(OH)₂D₃ provided better protection against BCO lameness compared to 10 µg/kg of G-1,25(OH)₂D₃. Additionally, the combination with phytogenic antioxidants did not result in any further reduction of cumulative BCO lameness compared to the use of G-1,25(OH)₂D₃ alone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"Article 100507"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143158659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applied research note: Optimized corticosterone extraction following feather dissolution by keratinase","authors":"Nikolas R. Faust ,&nbsp;Rosemary L. Walzem","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study aimed to develop and validate a robust, non-invasive method for assessing corticosterone (CORT) concentrations in poultry feathers as an indication of lifelong stress. Traditional sample preparation using methanol extraction showed high variability, prompting the exploration of a keratinase-based protocol. Three protocols were compared: methanol extraction (MP), original keratinase (KP), and an optimized keratinase protocol (OKP). The OKP significantly reduced intra-assay variability to 5.4 % compared to 61 % (MP) and 33 % (KP). Feather CORT levels were reliably quantified using the OKP, showing linear recovery of spiked samples (R² = 0.97). No significant correlation was found between plasma and feather CORT concentrations, underscoring the potential of feather sampling for long-term, as opposed to acute, stress assessment in poultry. This optimized method provides a valuable tool for animal welfare studies, enabling accurate and consistent measurement of feather CORT levels across different poultry strains and conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"Article 100505"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic post feed restriction supplementation on realimentation performances, carcass characteristic, gut morphology and gut microbes of broiler chicken","authors":"Razieh Valipourian ,&nbsp;Farid Shariatmadari ,&nbsp;Hamed Ahmadi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the impact of probiotic (Protexin) supplementation on growth performance, economic cost, and carcass components of broiler chickens during compensatory growth following feed restriction. A total of 384 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Arian) were randomly assigned to four treatment groups with 6 replicate cages and 16 broiler chickens per cage. The treatment structure followed a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with the main factors being feed restriction (without restriction and 15% restriction) from days 10 to 18 and two subgroups of feeding (no additive and probiotic) from days 18 to 42. Results showed no interactive effects of general performance observed in all. Birds on the probiotic supplementation (PS) diet had significantly higher weight and greater weight gain (WG) in the post-restriction period (days 18-42). Feed efficiency of birds from days 18 to 42 was lower in birds with restricted access to feed from days 10-18 of age. Apart from abdominal fat, which was decreased by FR and PS, no other carcass components or organ weights were affected by the treatments. The ileal microbiota of the broilers was affected by feed restriction at the end of the restriction period (day 18) and PS reduced <em>E. coli</em> and increased <em>Lactobacillus</em> by day 42. Villus height increased in both jejunum and ileum with PS (P &gt; 0.05). Feed restriction and PS supported the performance of broiler chickens during realimentation; however, the interactive effects of those are not significant under the current conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"Article 100502"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143158661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partial replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal in diets of broiler chicken sustains performance by upregulating the expression of nutrient transporter genes in small intestine","authors":"S. Haldar ,&nbsp;S.S. Arora ,&nbsp;A.K. Dhara ,&nbsp;A. Debnath","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effects of partially replacing soybean meal (SBM) with high-fibre cottonseed meal (HF-CSM) on performance traits and expression of certain nutrient co-transporter genes in the small intestine of male broiler chickens. The HF-CSM had lower CP and AME but higher EE, CF, NDF, and ADF compared to SBM. The free gossypol (FG) concentrations in the HF-CSM-containing diets were well below the limit (100 mg/kg) permitted by the European Union in complete chicken feed. Replacing up to 15 % of SBM in the diets of the experimental chickens with the HF-CSM had an insignificant (P &gt; 0.05) effect on BW, FCR, or European Productivity Index at the time of harvest (42 d), and the 10 % replacement of SBM with HF-CSM (equivalent to 2.5 % inclusion of HF-CSM in the total ration) had effects similar to the all-SBM diet. Viscosity of jejunal digesta increased with the inclusion level of HF-CSM in diet when measured at 24 d (P = 0.048, linear effect) and 48 d (P = 0.001, quadratic effect). Inclusion of the HF-CSM upregulated the expression of nutrient co-transporter genes responsible for absorption of small peptides (PEPT-1), glucose and other hexose sugars (SGLT-1, GLUT-5), and amino acids (EAAT-3) in the small intestine at 24 d (P = 0.001, linear effect) and 42 d (P = 0.001, quadratic effect). Expression of PYY mRNA, associated with satiety regulation, increased with HF-CSM levels in diet at 24 d (P = 0.0001 linear effect) and 42 d (P = 0.001, linear effect), suggesting a potential anorexigenic effect. The study suggests that inclusion of HF-CSM by replacing 10-15 % of SBM on a weight-to-weight basis, which translates into 2.5–3 % inclusion of the former in the whole ration, may sustain the performance of broiler chickens</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"Article 100503"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formaldehyde and propionic acid do not reduce starch gelatinization within a laboratory setting and may not contribute to reduced pellet quality","authors":"K.M. Bowen,&nbsp;L.E. Knarr,&nbsp;E.B. Estanich,&nbsp;S.R. Estep,&nbsp;J.S. Moritz","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Starch gelatinization acts as a pellet binder, and thereby, increase pellet quality. Increasing pellet quality has been shown to improve bird performance. The use of antimicrobial feed additives has been increasing due to the risk of salmonellosis to consumers. A previous experiment included an antimicrobial primarily composed of formaldehyde and propionic acid added at the mixer to poultry feed. The study steam conditioned the feed for a shorter duration compared to a longer duration and discovered a decrease in pellet quality. We hypothesize that the product inhibited starch gelatinization and that the degree of inhibition is based on heating time. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of formaldehyde and propionic acid on starch gelatinization via glucose release and spectrophotometry across two heating times. Corn starch suspensions were heated at 82°C for 2 min 30 sec or 15 min and added to base reagents. Formaldehyde and/or propionic acid were added to the appropriate corn starch suspensions prior to heating, while the control lacked either of the chemicals. The absorbance of the 4 formulations at each heating time were measured using spectrophotometry (Beckman Coulter, DU 530, Brea, CA). Three replications were performed per treatment. All 4 formulations were analyzed using a multiple comparison. A two-way ANOVA was also employed to explore the 4 (formulation) × 2 (heating time) factorial arrangement of treatments. There was a heating time × formulation interaction where all formulations heated for 15 min had a significant increase in gelatinization relative to the 2.5 min formulations, with the control formulation showing the least amount of change (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Formaldehyde and propionic acid did not reduce starch gelatinization regardless of heating time. The increase in starch gelatinization with increased heating time may translate to increasing pellet quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"Article 100501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143158660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumers’ acceptance of eggs as a function of hen genotype and rearing system","authors":"M. Castrica ,&nbsp;G. Scappaticci ,&nbsp;C. Balzaretti ,&nbsp;R. Piscitelli ,&nbsp;F. Sirri ,&nbsp;C. Alamprese","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to evaluate consumers’ acceptance of eggs as a function of hen genotype and rearing system. In view of supporting biodiversity safeguard and animal welfare, two Italian <em>dual-purpose</em> breeds (i.e., Bionda Piemontese, BP; Robusta Maculata, RM) and their crossbreeds with the commercial hybrid Sassò (BPxS; RMxS) were considered, reared in two different systems (i.e., enriched cage, C; free-range, F). As a reference, the commercial hybrid Lohmann Brown (L) was included in the experimental design. Eggs for sensory analysis were collected from 59-week-old layers and boiled for presentation to 80 untrained consumers. Panellists were instructed to indicate the liking degree in unstructured 9-point hedonic scales for the following attributes: overall appearance, general aroma, general flavour, yolk colour, texture, and overall liking. Cage-free and organic eggs were bought by 44% and 39% of the respondents, respectively, thus indicating a significant (p &lt; 0.001) attention towards production system and animal welfare. Statistically significant differences (p &lt; 0.05) were detected only for overall appearance, yolk colour, and overall liking. The maximum median score was always obtained for the eggs RMxS reared in F. Eggs from L reared F got the lowest median scores for overall appearance and yolk colour. Considering the overall liking attribute, the significantly most preferred samples (p &lt; 0.05) resulted RM_C (6.60), BPxS_C (5.90), and RMxS_F (6.80). The hen genotype resulted significant (p &lt; 0.05) for yolk colour and overall liking, whereas the rearing system significantly affected (p &lt; 0.05) yolk colour and general aroma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 2","pages":"Article 100504"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alleviating heat stress on broiler breeder hens: Effect of dietary antioxidant supplementation on reproductive performance, egg quality, offspring growth, and antioxidant capacity","authors":"Phocharapon Pasri ,&nbsp;Chayanan Pukkung ,&nbsp;Pascal Mermillod ,&nbsp;Nadine Gérard ,&nbsp;Orapin Jantasaeng ,&nbsp;Merisa Sirisopapong ,&nbsp;Supattra Okrathok ,&nbsp;Thanatat Thiabching ,&nbsp;Sitthipong Rakngam ,&nbsp;Kanokwan Kamkajon ,&nbsp;Yongcai Zhu ,&nbsp;Sutisa Khempaka","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of antioxidant compounds derived from synthetic sources (a combination of 200 mg vitamin C/kg, 150 mg vitamin E/kg, 0.30 mg Se yeast/kg, and 150 mg carnitine/kg) and phytogenic sources (a 1 % combination of clove, green tea pomace, and Vietnamese coriander) in breeder hens under heat stress (<strong>HS</strong>) on reproductive performance, egg quality, and offspring growth performance, and their antioxidant capacity. One hundred breeder hens were randomly divided into four treatments to receive either a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with synthetic or phytogenic antioxidants under thermoneutral (<strong>TN</strong>) (23 ± 1 °C) and chronic HS (36 ± 1 °C for 4 h/day) conditions: T1: TN + basal diet, T2: HS + basal diet, T3: HS + synthetic antioxidants, and T4: HS + phytogenic antioxidants. The results showed that either synthetic or phytogenic antioxidants can improve the Haugh unit and maintain ovary weight, and large and small yellow follicles (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In addition, phytogenic antioxidants were also found to enhance egg yolk color. Although the body weight of offspring from either antioxidant source was initially low on day 1, it subsequently increased until reaching levels comparable to those in the TN and HS without supplementation by 3 weeks of age (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Either antioxidant source can improve free radical scavenging, reduce lipid peroxidation, upregulate the relative expression of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px mRNA, and downregulate HSP90 in offspring liver (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). This study highlights the beneficial effects of combining either synthetic or phytogenic antioxidants to mitigate the negative impact of HS on breeder hens and the maternal antioxidant properties transmitted to their offspring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"Article 100500"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of biochar and Poultry Litter Treatment (PLT) amendments on broiler litter quality and bird performance","authors":"Maryam K. Mohammadi-Aragh ,&nbsp;Katie L. Norris ,&nbsp;Gary D. Chesser Jr. ,&nbsp;John W. Lowe ,&nbsp;Jeffrey D. Evans ,&nbsp;Joseph L. Purswell ,&nbsp;John E. Linhoss","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100499","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Broiler litter management is critical for overall bird health and performance. Poor litter conditions can result in increased ammonia (NH₃) volatilization and moisture, which negatively impact bird productivity and welfare. Poultry Litter Treatment® (PLT) is a litter amendment that has been applied to reduce ammonia (NH₃) volatilization; however, PLT does not address litter moisture content (MC). Biochar (BC) is a porous material with a high surface area that may absorb moisture and mitigate NH₃ volatilization. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of BC and PLT on MC, NH₃ volatilization, and broiler performance during a 42-day flock grow-out. Birds were reared in 1.52 m x 2.74 m pens containing used litter, feeders, and a drinker line. Water activity, pH, and nutrient content were also evaluated. PLT and BC were surface applied at 0.73 kg∙m^-2 and 30 % (vol/vol). A control of non-amended litter was included. Litter samples were collected at d 0, 17, 29, and 41. NH₃ was measured on d 0, 14, 28, and 41. Litter treatment and grow-out time significantly impacted NH₃ volatilization and MC. Overall, PLT had the lowest NH₃ concentrations. On d 41, BC had the highest NH₃ (104 ppm). BC-treated litter had the lowest MC and highest NH₃, while PLT-treated litter was lowest in NH₃ volatilization. Litter treatment had no effect on bird performance, indicating these amendments did not negatively affect bird performance. BC may promote lower MC; however, further research is needed to understand its effects on NH₃ volatilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"Article 100499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Eucalyptus globulus leaves powder on growth performance, internal organs weights, hematological and biochemical parameters of Isa brown pullets","authors":"Aduayi Akue ,&nbsp;Lamboni Lare ,&nbsp;Essodina Talaki","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The harmful chickens bacteria impedes poultry production and the antibiotics growth promoters (AGP) used presents a public health problem related to residues in poultry products. In 2006, the world health organization prohibited the use of AGP. Indeed, this study was conducted to evaluate the influence of <em>Eucalyptus globulus</em> leaf powder (EgLP) as a growth promoter in <em>Isa brown</em> pullets. The growth parameters, Internal organs, hematology, and biochemical parameters were evaluated from the 9th to the 20th week. A total of 440 56-day-old <em>Isa brown</em> pullets were randomly allocated to 5 groups, each consisting of 4 replications, with 22 pullets in each replication. Treatments consisted of the control diet (CD) without EgLP and antibiotics, a negative control (group B-), CD with antibiotics and no EgLP, a positive control (group B+), CD + 0.25% of EgLP without antibiotic (group B1), CD with 0.50% of EgLP without antibiotic (group B2), and BD with 1% EgLP without antibiotic (group B3). The study reveled that pullet on 0.5% EgLP had the highest weight, feed intake and body weight gain at the end of the grower phase, as like the batches treated with antibiotics. The biochemical parameters such as Alanine aminotransferase and Aspartate aminotransferase concentration were not affected by EgLP supplementation. For hematological parameters, only the leukocytes number from the negative control pullets was statistically higher. In conclusion, the results of this study showed that 0.5% of EgLP served as a useful replacement for antibiotic in <em>Isa brown</em> pullets in the grower phase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 100497"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survivability of low pathogenic avian influenza virus in aqueous poultry manure fertilizer","authors":"Jennifer Schrock ,&nbsp;Raksha Suresh ,&nbsp;Olaitan Comfort Shekoni ,&nbsp;Dina Bugybayeva ,&nbsp;Sara Dolatyabi ,&nbsp;Juliette Hanson ,&nbsp;Frederick C Michel ,&nbsp;Anne Dorrance ,&nbsp;Gourapura J Renukaradhya","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2024.100496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Avian influenza has been a growing problem in the United States for decades. Low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) virus causes low morbidity, while highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) has a devastating effect on the poultry industry causing high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Manure from large and small poultry operations is spread on crop fields as a fertilizer. During an outbreak of avian influenza on a farm, it is critical to adequately process the manure to kill the virus before its use in agriculture. Aqueous extraction of poultry manure at high temperature (55-65°C) is an attractive method for the treatment of poultry manure, which extracts the nutrients and kills harmful microbes from the manure. The end product is a nutrient-rich liquid that can be safely applied to fields or used in hydroponic operations, with nutrients that are more bioavailable to the plant compared to dry litter. However, we do not know whether aqueous high temperature extraction processes completely kill the avian influenza virus present in the manure. Our aim in this study was to determine the competence of the aqueous extraction of poultry manure on avian influenza virus inactivation. We optimized the procedure using a LPAI virus isolate in a biosafety level 2 cabinet. Our data indicated that the LPAI virus including the hemagglutinin protein of the virus was completely destroyed when the poultry manure was processed by aqueous extraction at temperatures ≥ 55°C for one hour. Future research will identify the conditions required for inactivating the HPAI virus using this optimized procedure by performing the study in a BSL3 facility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 100496"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}