Enhancing immune response in broiler chicks against newcastle disease virus using lemongrass and geranium oils: A comprehensive study on biochemical and antioxidant effects

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Poultry Research Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI:10.1016/j.japr.2025.100528

Saif W. Bahgat , Mohamed A. Lebda , Nabil M. Taha , Mohamed S. Elfeky , Mustafa Shukry , Mohamed Soliman , Aml E. Hashem

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of lemongrass oils (LO) and geranium oils (GO) on the immune response to NDV in 250 one-day-old Cobb broiler chicks. The chicks were divided into vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups, each further split into eight subgroups receiving LO, GO, or both as prophylactic or treatments post-NDV challenge. Mortality rates increased in treated non-vaccinated groups to 80 % (vs. 53.3 % in controls) and 20 % in vaccinated groups (vs. 13.3 % in controls). Biochemically, LO and GO improved liver and kidney function markers, including reduced serum ALT, AST, creatinine, and MDA, alongside a two-fold increase in spleen antioxidant Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) levels. Immune modulation showed elevated interleukin-10 (IL-10) and reduced interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) expression, indicating enhanced anti-inflammatory responses but potentially dampened antiviral immunity. Antibody titers against NDV increased significantly in non-vaccinated treated groups, suggesting improved viral resistance, whereas vaccinated groups showed minimal changes. Despite the observed biochemical and immune benefits, the unexpected rise in mortality underscores a complex interaction between LO, GO, and NDV, warranting further investigation into their mechanisms and safety. This study highlights the potential of LO and GO as natural immunomodulators but emphasizes the need for optimized dosing and application protocols to minimize adverse effects.

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来源期刊

Journal of Applied Poultry Research 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

10.50%

发文量

审稿时长

104 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Applied Poultry Research (JAPR) publishes original research reports, field reports, and reviews on breeding, hatching, health and disease, layer management, meat bird processing and products, meat bird management, microbiology, food safety, nutrition, environment, sanitation, welfare, and economics. As of January 2020, JAPR will become an Open Access journal with no subscription charges, meaning authors who publish here can make their research immediately, permanently, and freely accessible worldwide while retaining copyright to their work. Papers submitted for publication after October 1, 2019 will be published as Open Access papers. The readers of JAPR are in education, extension, industry, and government, including research, teaching, administration, veterinary medicine, management, production, quality assurance, product development, and technical services. Nutritionists, breeder flock supervisors, production managers, microbiologists, laboratory personnel, food safety and sanitation managers, poultry processing managers, feed manufacturers, and egg producers use JAPR to keep up with current applied poultry research.