Journal of Attention Disorders最新文献

{"title":"ADHD and Academic Performance in College Students: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Èlia Pagespetit, Mireia Pagerols, Natalia Barrés, Raquel Prat, Laura Martínez, María Andreu, Gemma Prat, Miquel Casas, Rosa Bosch","doi":"10.1177/10870547241306554","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547241306554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study performed a systematic review of the scientific literature that deals with the academic performance of university students with ADHD, collecting the research conducted between 2018 and 2024. Likewise, we aimed to know the factors that influence on academic performance and evaluate the tools used in the collection of ADHD symptoms and educational data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The electronic databases PubMed, PsycInfo, and Scopus were used to search studies using PRISMA guidelines. Quantitative studies selected had to discuss about academic performance in college students with ADHD. For each study, quality of evidence was examined using the Quality Assessment Tool of the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen studies with good-fair quality were included in the review. These studies demonstrated that an ADHD diagnosis or significant ADHD symptoms are associated with lower academic performance in college students, particularly those with inattention symptoms. Additionally, factors such as executive functions, medication use, and study strategies also influence the academic performance of these students. The most commonly used instruments for the assessment of ADHD were the screening measures ADHD Self-Report Scale and the ADHD Rating Scale-Self Report Version. To assess academic performance half of the studies collected the Grade Point Average directly from university records, while in other studies, students were asked directly for their grades.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, ADHD has a relevant impact on the academic performance of university students, but the evaluation methodology used has some differences with respect to child's evaluations procedures. Therefore, studies in this population must include not only self-reported symptomatology, but also assessments from clinicians specialized in adult ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"281-297"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142818154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orienting and Alerting Attention in Very Low and Normal Birth Weight Children at 42 Months: A Follow-up Study.","authors":"Atsuko Nakagawa, Masune Sukigara, Kayo Nomura, Yukiyo Nagai, Taishi Miyachi","doi":"10.1177/10870547241306557","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547241306557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In preterm and very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, attention-related problems have been found to be more pronounced and emerge later as academic difficulties that may persist into school age. In response, based on three attention networks: alerting, orienting, and executive attention, we examined the development of attention functions at 42 months (not corrected for prematurity) as a follow-up study of VLBW (<i>n</i> = 23) and normal birth weight (NBW: <i>n</i> = 48) infants.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The alerting and orienting attention networks were examined through an overlap task with or without warning signal. The orienting network was also examined through the distribution of gaze points when exposed to videos of human faces talking and silently looking straight ahead. Executive attention was examined using a parental report measure for temperamental self-regulation, effortful control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the overlap task, the difference between VLBWs and NBWs was not the latency of attentional disengagement but the fact that VLBWs were less focused on the fixation stimulus (<i>F</i>(1,60) = 10.80, <i>p</i> < .01, η_<i>p</i>² = .071) and seemed to profit more from auditory warning signals than NBWs (<i>F</i>(1,60) = 7.13, <i>p</i> = .01, η_<i>p</i>² = .106). Moreover, there was no intergroup difference regarding lateral (right or left) or feature (eye or mouth) attention bias toward the face videos. Further, longer latencies in overlap condition were significantly positively associated with high effortful control scores only in the NBW group (<i>r</i> = .36, <i>p</i> = .018).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results indicate that poor underlying alertness and orienting relating to atypical lateralization may affect cognitive and behavioral abnormalities in VLBWs.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"244-255"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adult Diagnosis of ADHD in Women: A Mixed Methods Investigation.","authors":"Dara E Babinski, Erin J Libsack","doi":"10.1177/10870547241297897","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547241297897","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The goal of this study was to examine the experiences of women diagnosed with ADHD in adulthood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Benefits and costs associated with obtaining the diagnosis were examined in two focus groups conducted virtually. Factors hindering and facilitating the identification, assessment, and subsequent treatment of ADHD were also explored. Focus groups were conducted virtually and together included 14 women (<i>M</i>_age = 39.43, <i>SD</i> = 6.37) who were diagnosed with ADHD in adulthood.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of women described numerous benefits of receiving a diagnosis of ADHD, including validation/self-compassion, adaptive coping, and social support. Negative aspects of the diagnosis, including difficulties accessing care, the burden of care, limitations to existing evidence-based treatments, and stigma were also identified by some women. Furthermore, women described variable diagnostic experiences, with many indicating that they had not recognized their own symptoms of ADHD, as well as diagnostic complexity and other factors that masked identification of ADHD. Women described a range of diagnostic assessment procedures, as well as considerable self-advocacy to convince their providers to consider the diagnosis of ADHD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These lived experiences of women diagnosed with ADHD provide critical insight into improving clinical care for ADHD in women. Recommendations to increase accurate and timely identification of ADHD in women and advance efforts toward effective and equitable care are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"207-219"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11694561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142716304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transitioning From Pediatric to Adult Psychiatric Care for ADHD in Sweden: A Nationwide Study.","authors":"MaiBritt Giacobini, Jingcheng Zhao, Jonatan Freilich, Carolina Malmgren, Niklas Wallin Bernhardsson, Ewa Ahnemark","doi":"10.1177/10870547241303259","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547241303259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate care transition and medication use in young adults with ADHD in Sweden.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Observational retrospective study of patients with ADHD from the Swedish National Patient Register, Prescribed Drug Register, and Cause of Death Register (2018-2020). Last contact with pediatric psychiatric care, first contact with adult psychiatric care, and medication use were described for ages 18 to 21 years, inclusive.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 19,233 patients who had dispensed ADHD treatment, 85.8% had received adult psychiatric care by 21 years of age. The proportion of patients on medication was highest at age 18 years (80.1%), decreasing to 36.1% by age 21 years. By 21 years, there were significantly more patients on versus off ADHD medication who had received healthcare for autism, been prescribed selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors, and received adult psychiatric outpatient visits (all <i>p</i> < .0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates declining ADHD medication use during the pediatric-to-adult care transition for patients in Sweden.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"235-243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142885864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Frontal QRS-T Angle in Children With ADHD and Healthy Controls.","authors":"Fethiye Kılıçaslan, Aybike Tan, Zulkif Tanriverdi","doi":"10.1177/10870547241288353","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547241288353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Conflicting findings exist regarding the link between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the frontal QRS-T (fQRS-T) angle and its correlation with symptom severity in children diagnosed with ADHD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study population consisted of 172 patients diagnosed with ADHD (120 drug naive and 52 drug positive) and 82 healthy controls. ADHD symptoms were assessed using the Atilla Turgay DSM-IV-Based Screening and Assessment Scale for Disruptive Conduct Disorders (T-DSM-IV-Scale). The fQRS-T angle and corrected QT (QTc) interval were obtained from the automated reports of 12-lead electrocardiography device for each patient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>QTc interval and fQRS-T angle were significantly different among the groups. Post hoc analyses showed that QTc interval and fQRS-T angle of ADHD drug naive and ADHD drug positive patients were significantly higher than the healthy control groups. However, there was no significant difference between drug naive and drug positive patients regarding QTc interval and fQRS-T angle. Both QTc interval and fQRS-T angle showed positive correlations with the severity of ADHD symptoms (r = 0.263, <i>p</i> = .001 and r = 0.175, <i>p</i> = .023 respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found that fQRS-T angle was significantly wider in children with ADHD. Therefore, we suggest that fQRS-T angle may help in cardiovascular risk assessment in children with ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"165-173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142361606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Childhood ADHD and Lifestyle Risk Factors for Chronic Diseases From Adolescence to Early Adulthood.","authors":"Yueqi Li, Hong Xian, Lauren D Arnold, Jen Jen Chang","doi":"10.1177/10870547241306570","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547241306570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the association between childhood ADHD and lifestyle risk factors (physical inactivity and high fast-food consumption) from adolescence to early adulthood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study used secondary data from Wave I to III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) in a national representative sample of adolescents (<i>n</i> = 6,814). Multivariable Poisson regression and Generalized Estimating Equation were used to estimate adjusted relative risks (aRRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), controlling for confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Childhood ADHD was associated with an increased risk of high fast-food consumption (aRR = 1.49, 95% CI [1.23, 1.80]) in early adulthood, but not in adolescence (aRR = 1.11, 95% CI [0.90, 1.37]), after adjusting for confounders. The associations between childhood ADHD and physical inactivity were not statistically significant from adolescence to early adulthood.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings of this study extend the current understanding of the impact of childhood ADHD on greater risk of fast-food consumption, which underscores the importance to develop interventions for promoting healthy diet in children with ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"256-268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotion Recognition Accuracy Among Individuals With ADHD: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Emily C Shepard, Mollie Ruben, Lisa L Weyandt","doi":"10.1177/10870547241297005","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547241297005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the present systematic review was to consolidate findings related to emotion recognition accuracy among individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The review also examined emotion recognition accuracy assessment methods as well as the contribution of gender to emotional recognition accuracy.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 43 articles were identified based on inclusion criteria using PRISMA guidelines for article retrieval.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>58% of retrieved articles reported significantly decreased emotion recognition accuracy among individuals with ADHD relative to neurotypical peers, with either global or emotion-specific differences identified. Notably, studies finding a significant difference in emotion recognition accuracy were of significantly lower quality according to a quality review checklist than the articles finding no difference (<i>p</i> < .001). For example, when use of control conditions and multiple measures of emotion recognition accuracy were employed, no study found a significant difference in emotion recognition accuracy between individuals with and without ADHD. Regarding potential gender differences, not a single study included gender diversity beyond sex assigned at birth. The majority (86%) of studies included a predominantly male sample, with 15% including only male participants. While differences in emotion recognition accuracy were found between male and female participants in 7% of cases, future research is needed to identify the contribution of gender diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"174-194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11781233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142754942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unmet Needs of Children and Young Adults With ADHD: Insights From Key Stakeholders on Priorities for Stigma Reduction.","authors":"Marlies Jolinde Visser, Ruth Maria Hendrika Peters, Marjolein Luman","doi":"10.1177/10870547241297876","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547241297876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Individuals with ADHD continue to face stigma, which can negatively impact their access to, adherence to, and quality of mental health services, as well as their overall wellbeing. Perspectives of various stakeholders regarding priorities for stigma reduction remain underexplored. This study explores young adult, parent, teacher, and mental health care professional perspectives on unmet needs of children and young adults with ADHD in the Netherlands, in the context of stigma reduction.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 24 respondents participated in seven small focus group discussions (FGDs). The FGDs facilitated in-depth discussions exploring stakeholder group perspectives on unmet needs of children and young adults with ADHD in educational, professional, and social settings. Data was analyzed using thematic content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three thematic categories of unmet needs were identified: (1) a lack of awareness, knowledge, and understanding of ADHD; (2) insufficient personalized approaches in education and health care; and (3) limited accessibility of information and support services. Within theme 1, respondents primarily highlighted the importance of improving education for primary school teachers and mental health care professionals. Theme 2 underscored the need for increased capacity for personalization and attention to the sociopsychological factors of ADHD, alongside recognizing strengths. Theme 3 emphasized the need for easy access to reliable information and mental health care, including peer networks, as well as proper follow-up and continuity of care.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>Findings highlight the need for improving our understanding of ADHD as a complex biopsychosocial condition, which requires specific adjustments in education and mental health care. Interventions to improve support and disrupt stigmatization should meet diverse needs, incorporate multi-level strategies, and involve key stakeholders.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"195-206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11694544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black Mothers of Children With and Without ADHD: Relationships Among Maternal Psychopathology, Parenting Stress, and Parenting Cognitions.","authors":"Heather A Jones, Stephanie A Wilson, Amanda M Parks, Alfonso L Floyd, Annie E Rabinovitch, Chantelle C Miller","doi":"10.1177/10870547241288344","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547241288344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Parents of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) endorse increased parenting stress and lower levels of parenting efficacy and satisfaction as compared to parents of children without ADHD. Additionally, maternal ADHD and depression differentiate children with and without ADHD, with children with ADHD being more likely to have a mother with psychopathology.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>With a focus on an understudied population, we investigated the extent to which maternal self-reported ADHD and depression were associated with self-reported parenting stress and parenting cognitions in 70 Black mothers of children with (maternal <i>M</i>age = 35.52, <i>SD</i> = 6.49) and without ADHD (maternal <i>M</i>age = 35.39, <i>SD</i> = 6.53) recruited from a metropolitan area in the southeastern United States.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analyses indicated that Black mothers of children with ADHD reported higher levels of parenting stress, lower levels of parenting efficacy, and lower levels of parenting satisfaction. However, there were no significant differences between groups on measures of maternal ADHD or depression. Maternal depression significantly accounted for variability in both parenting satisfaction and parenting stress beyond child ADHD and maternal education. With maternal depression in the models, the association between maternal ADHD and parenting stress and parenting satisfaction lost significance.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Given the racial disparities in the treatment of ADHD, future research should focus on investigating the linkages between maternal depression, parenting stress, parenting satisfaction, and parenting behaviors in Black mothers in order to delineate whether there are cultural adaptations that may improve treatment utilization rates for child ADHD within this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"29-41"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142377851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causality Between ADHD, ASD, and CVDs: A Two-Step, Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Investigation.","authors":"Zequn Zheng, Dihui Cai","doi":"10.1177/10870547241288741","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547241288741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While observational studies have established a connection between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and heightened risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), the causal relationships are not well-defined. This study is designed to examine the causality between ASD, ADHD, and CVD risk as well as investigate the mediating factors through which ADHD and ASD influence CVD.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Leveraging two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approaches and large scale GWAS summary stats, we examined underlying causal links between ASD and ADHD and the risk of CVDs. The analysis indicated that ADHD was related to an increased likelihood of developing coronary heart disease (OR [95% CI] 1.12 [1.03, 1.21], <i>p</i> = .008), heart failure (OR [95% CI] 1.14 [1.07, 1.22], <i>p</i> = 1.45 × 10^-4), and large-artery stroke (OR [95% CI] 1.35 [1.09, 1.66], <i>p</i> = .005). In parallel, ASD showed a correlation with a greater atrial fibrillation risk (OR [95% CI] 1.09 [1.03, 1.16], <i>p</i> = .005] and heart failure (OR [95% CI] 1.11 [1.04, 1.19], <i>p</i> = .004). Additionally, we explored the mediating role of CVD risk factors through two-step MR and multivariable MR, highlighting the possible role of smoking, prescription opioid use, triglycerides, education, income, Townsend deprivation index, and obesity in the causal association of ADHD, ASD, on CVDs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This MR study highlights the necessity for rigorous cardiovascular surveillance and interventions to decrease adverse cardiovascular events in people with ADHD or ASD by preventing identified mediating risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"3-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142466395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}