Journal of aquatic animal health最新文献

{"title":"Probiotic Treatment Enhances Pre-feeding Larval Development and Early Survival in Zebrafish Danio rerio","authors":"Uthpala Padeniya,&nbsp;Earl T. Larson,&nbsp;Shafira Septriani,&nbsp;Arjay Pataueg,&nbsp;Akpoh Rhoda Kafui,&nbsp;Ekramul Hasan,&nbsp;Obodoefuna Somadina Mmaduakonam,&nbsp;Gun-Do Kim,&nbsp;Anley Teferra Kiddane,&nbsp;Christopher L Brown","doi":"10.1002/aah.10148","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aah.10148","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The growth and development of healthy culture subjects are essential in increasing productivity in the aquaculture industry. A primary determinant of aquatic animal productivity is the ambient microbial population. If an aquatic animal's microbiome is diverse, with bacteria favoring beneficial over pathogenic species, the health and growth of the animal (i.e., fish or crustacean) can be substantially improved. Embryonic and newly hatched Zebrafish <i>Danio rerio</i> larvae were reared in the presence of (1) water from the broodstock culture tank as a control, (2) a probiotic solution containing 19 strains of live lactic acid bacteria (LAB), or (3) an antibiotic (AB) solution with amoxycillin. Developmental parameters were monitored until 10 d postfertilization. Bacteria present in the water and larvae were cultured and identified by sequencing the V4 hypervariable region of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA. Probiotic-treated larvae showed significant increases in every measured morphological parameter and in survival compared to the controls and AB-treated larvae, including TL, eye development, and swim bladder development before first feeding. Staining with DASPEI (2-(4-[dimethylamino]styryl)-N-ethylpyridinium iodide) produced fluorescence, revealing increased mitochondrial activity in the gastrointestinal tracts of probiotic-treated larvae and reflecting advancement of initial metabolic function. Probiotic-treated larvae showed accelerated yolk absorption, resulting in increased nutrient mobilization and growth. Microbial analyses revealed a greater concentration of bacteria in larvae in response to the probiotic treatment compared to the other two treatments. Species identified in all three treatments included <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. and <i>Aeromonas</i> spp. (Proteobacteria). The second most diverse and abundant microbiome was seen in controls, whereas AB-treated larvae had the least diverse microbiome. All treatments revealed the presence of proteobacteria, but an AB-resistant pathogenic bacterium (<i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i>) was identified in the AB group. These results reveal that the presence of LAB and other bacteria favorably influenced early larval growth, development, digestive function, and survival in Zebrafish even before the onset of feeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":15235,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aquatic animal health","volume":"34 1","pages":"3-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40313304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of the Gallnut Water Extract against Vibrio parahaemolyticus","authors":"Chunying Yuan,&nbsp;Wenhao Zhan,&nbsp;Qingman Cui","doi":"10.1002/aah.10152","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aah.10152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> is an important pathogen causing pandemic diseases in marine animals and brings about severe economic losses in aquaculture worldwide. The emergence of multi-drug-resistant <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> and the prohibition of antibiotics both require the development of new therapeutic agents with alternative action. In this study, the effect of gallnut <i>Galla chinensis</i> water extract (GWE) on <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> growth and virulence was investigated to determine the potential for its use in disease prevention and treatment in aquaculture. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of GWE against <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> were identified as 0.49 and 0.98 mg/mL, respectively. Membrane damage in <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> was further verified through the increase of conductivity and leakage of nucleic acids and proteins. Moreover, GWE caused membrane invaginations and damage in <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> as observed via scanning electron microscopy. After treatment with GWE, the biofilm formation and the activities of respiratory chain dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and succinate dehydrogenase of <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> were all significantly inhibited. These findings suggest that GWE has the potential to be developed as a supplemental agent to mitigate the infections caused by <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> in aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":15235,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aquatic animal health","volume":"34 4","pages":"159-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10541135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recommendations and Action Plans to Improve Ex Situ Nutrition and Health of Marine Teleosts","authors":"Scott Williams,&nbsp;Michael Stoskopf,&nbsp;Ruth Francis-Floyd,&nbsp;Liz Koutsos,&nbsp;Ellen Dierenfeld,&nbsp;Todd Harmon,&nbsp;Eileen Cicotello,&nbsp;Donovan German,&nbsp;Kent Semmen,&nbsp;Jeffery Keaffaber,&nbsp;Francisco Olea-Popelka,&nbsp;Shannon Livingston,&nbsp;Kathleen Sullivan,&nbsp;Eduardo Valdes","doi":"10.1002/aah.10150","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aah.10150","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The International Workshop for Ex-Situ Marine Teleost Nutrition and Health, hosted by Disney's Animals, Science and Environment in conjunction with the Comparative Nutrition Society, brought together over 50 animal experts and scientists representing 20 institutions to review current science and identify challenges of marine teleost nutrition and health. Invited speakers presented critical information and current research topics for areas of emphasis and expertise. Subject matter experts identified knowledge gaps and primary areas of focus to guide the scientific community's research efforts to improve the care of ex situ marine teleosts. The clinical medicine working group highlighted standardized approaches to ante- and postmortem sample collection, diet biosecurity and supplementation, advanced diagnostic methods, and expanded training in fish nutrition. Nutrition identified the creation of a husbandry and feeding management manual, comprehensive feeding program review and design, and specialty feeder/life stage nutrition as areas of focus, while animal husbandry focused on body condition scoring, feed delivery techniques, and behavioral husbandry topics. The physiology and chemistry and water quality working groups discussed components of the aquatic environment and their effects on fish health, including organic matter constituents, microbial diversity, disinfection, and managing microbiota. Finally, we reviewed how epidemiological approaches and considerations can improve our evaluation of aquarium teleost nutrition and health. The goals outlined by each working group and supporting literature discussion are detailed in this communication and represent our goals for the next 3 to 5 years, with the ultimate objective of the workshop being the production of a husbandry manual for marine teleost nutrition and health. Any scientists who feel that their experience, research, or interests align with these goals are invited to participate by contacting the authors.</p>","PeriodicalId":15235,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aquatic animal health","volume":"34 2","pages":"69-81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/15/17/AAH-34-69.PMC9321147.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39950218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Nitrite Exposure Induces Dysfunction and Oxidative Damage in Grass Carp Isolated Hemocytes","authors":"Ting-ting Zhang,&nbsp;Pin Ma,&nbsp;Xiao-yan Yin,&nbsp;Dong-ye Yang,&nbsp;Da-peng Li,&nbsp;Rong Tang","doi":"10.1002/aah.10149","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aah.10149","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To evaluate the effects of nitrite on the oxidative damage of blood cells of Grass Carp <i>Ctenopharyngodon idella</i>, the isolated hemocytes were exposed to nitrite (0, 1, 10, or 100 mg/L) for up to 24 h. Hemoglobin (Hb) and methemoglobin (MetHb) concentrations, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm), and antioxidant enzyme activity were assayed to assess hematological parameters and the antioxidant defense mechanism. Results showed a remarkable decrease in Hb concentration with increasing nitrite concentration after a 24-h exposure, while the MetHb concentration increased significantly in nitrite exposure groups. The levels of ROS, ∆Ψm, and MDA increased to varying degrees with increases in nitrite exposure concentration and time. The total antioxidant capacity, catalase (CAT) activity, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and glutathione content showed a trend of rising initially and then decreasing with prolonged exposure time. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was higher in the 1-mg/L nitrite exposure group and lower in the 100-mg/L group than in the control. The relative messenger RNA expression ratios of <i>cat</i>, <i>sod1</i>, and <i>gpx</i> were up-regulated significantly in the 1- and 10-mg/L groups and then declined in the 100-mg/L group. Therefore, it can be concluded that nitrite exposure activates the antioxidant defense mechanism of Grass Carp hemocytes and that the balance of oxidant–antioxidant homeostasis will be undermined by higher nitrite doses or longer exposure periods.</p>","PeriodicalId":15235,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aquatic animal health","volume":"34 2","pages":"58-68"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39950223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glucose and Lactate Reference Intervals for White Sturgeon and Evaluation of Two Point-of-Care Devices in Sturgeon Infected with Veronaea botryosa","authors":"Katharina B. Hagen,&nbsp;Kelly Marie Lima,&nbsp;June Ang,&nbsp;Federico Montealegre-Golcher,&nbsp;Flavio H. Alonso,&nbsp;Esteban Soto","doi":"10.1002/aah.10146","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aah.10146","url":null,"abstract":"<p>White Sturgeon <i>Acipenser transmontanus</i> are cultured for human consumption as well as for conservation purposes. In this study, two commercially available portable devices for measuring glucose and lactate were compared to a benchtop analyzer and blood reference intervals were generated using heparin plasma collected from 43 healthy White Sturgeon yearlings. The generated normal ranges were used to compare plasma values collected from <i>Veronaea botryosa</i>-infected White Sturgeon at 10, 20, and 30 d postchallenge (dpc). In the 43 healthy yearlings, significantly different glucose and lactate values were obtained when comparing the portable devices to the benchtop analyzer. In the portable devices, blood glucose showed a consistent bias of 12.3 mg/dL and blood lactate showed a proportional bias. The detected blood glucose values in infected sturgeon were significantly different from those in noninfected controls when using the benchtop analyzer at 20 and 30 dpc and when using the portable device at 20 dpc. However, blood glucose in infected individuals and controls was within the reference interval on either device. No significant difference was noted for lactate measurements in infected sturgeon. The results of this study indicate that portable devices for blood glucose and blood lactate evaluation in White Sturgeon may be useful in a setting where relative values are an acceptable approximation of absolute values.</p>","PeriodicalId":15235,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aquatic animal health","volume":"34 1","pages":"28-37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39686099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed Tomographic Assessment of Hooking-Related Injuries in Recreationally Angled Blue Marlin","authors":"Emma L. Houck,&nbsp;Eli B. Cohen,&nbsp;Craig A. Harms,&nbsp;Brendan J. Runde,&nbsp;Paul J. Rudershausen,&nbsp;Jeffrey A. Buckel","doi":"10.1002/aah.10145","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aah.10145","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Acute morbidity and mortality of marlins (family Istiophoridae) in hook-and-line fisheries have been studied; however, there has been little or no investigation of the skeletal injuries incurred from terminal tackles that could lead to decreased rates of postrelease survival. The objective of this study was to evaluate skeletal injuries in recreationally angled Atlantic Blue Marlin <i>Makaira nigricans</i> from the 2019 Big Rock Blue Marlin Tournament in Morehead City, North Carolina. We examined heads of six Blue Marlin that were angled using artificial lures rigged with J-hooks and harvested for weigh-in. The head of each Blue Marlin was scanned using computed tomography (CT) and examined with gross dissection. The CT interpretation revealed that two Blue Marlin had minimally displaced fractures of the maxilla, one of which also had a fracture to the lachrymal bone. These radiographic lesions were associated with penetrating hook injuries. The CT images also revealed degenerative changes within the quadrate-articular joint in four Blue Marlin, which was associated with fish weight; the causes and consequences of these degenerative changes are unknown. Although the hooking-related jaw fractures likely result in acute pain, their impact on postrelease morbidity is unknown and the impact on postrelease mortality is suspected to be small.</p>","PeriodicalId":15235,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aquatic animal health","volume":"34 1","pages":"20-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39859346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Largemouth Bass Virus on Bass Populations in Kansas Impoundments","authors":"Vanessa Salazar,&nbsp;Jeff D. Koch,&nbsp;Ben C. Neely,&nbsp;Christopher J. Steffen,&nbsp;Ernesto Flores,&nbsp;Susan F. Steffen","doi":"10.1002/aah.10147","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aah.10147","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Largemouth Bass virus (LMBV) first became a concern in Kansas when it was identified as a potential cause of decreased catch rates at Crawford State Fishing Lake in 2007. The discovery of LMBV in eight additional impoundments from 2008 to 2017 increased concern about the prevalence and effects of LMBV in Kansas. In response, the Kansas Department of Wildlife, Parks, and Tourism tested 25 Largemouth Bass <i>Micropterus salmoides</i> impoundments for the presence of LMBV. The objectives of this study were to quantify the incidence of LMBV and examine differences in population metrics (i.e., body condition, relative abundance, and growth). A total of 1,260 Largemouth Bass were collected by using standard spring electrofishing surveys, and sagittal otoliths were collected from all of the sampled fish to estimate growth rates. Of the 25 study impoundments, 14 tested positive for LMBV. There was no evidence of LMBV effects on body condition, relative abundance of quality-length fish, or growth rates. The initial dates of LMBV infection of Largemouth Bass in these impoundments are unknown. The LMBV-positive populations in Kansas may have been exposed to the virus many years ago, and the fish may be in the process of rebounding from any potential negative effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":15235,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aquatic animal health","volume":"34 1","pages":"38-44"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39828342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Farm-Level Cost Drivers of Salmonid Fish Health Inspections","authors":"Carole Engle,&nbsp;Jonathan van Senten,&nbsp;Michael Schwarz,&nbsp;Kathleen Hartman,&nbsp;Lori Gustafson,&nbsp;Kamina Johnson,&nbsp;Lynn Creekmore","doi":"10.1002/aah.10139","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aah.10139","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Regulatory costs on aquaculture farms have been shown to be of a magnitude that warrants additional analysis. The drivers of farm-level costs of fish health inspections were identified in this study from national survey data on U.S. salmonid farms. The greatest costs identified were related primarily to state fish health requirements for inspection and testing to certify that fish are free of specific pathogens prior to approval of necessary permits to sell and/or transport animals. Fish health inspection costs included laboratory testing, farm personnel time, veterinary fees, and shipping samples to laboratories, with laboratory testing and the value of farm personnel time being the most expensive components. Principal cost drivers were the number of tests and whether required sampling was farmwide or for each lot as identified by the collector. Farmers who primarily sold into recreational markets had greater fish health costs than farmers who primarily sold food fish because of the greater numbers of species and size-/age-classes of salmonids on their farms. Regulatory requirements to test all species and size-/age-classes on farms increased inspection costs by increasing the total number of tests, the total value of fish sacrificed, and shipping costs. Consequently, for farms with more than one species or more than one size-/age-class, annual farm-level testing was less costly than annual lot-based testing. Increased numbers of tests in a given year, although reported by only a few respondents, can increase costs dramatically and turn profitable farms unprofitable, even food fish farms. Smaller salmonid farms experienced disproportionately greater inspection cost burdens than did larger farms. The fish health inspection scenario of only one annual inspection of only the most susceptible species and size-/age-class showed a cost burden that did not generate economic distress, even on smaller salmonid farms. Other scenarios modeled (based on survey data) that included lot-based surveys of multiple species and size-/age-classes resulted in substantially greater fish health inspection costs that led to unprofitability for various farm sizes and business types. Study results suggest that implementing Comprehensive Aquaculture Health Program Standards might allow for risk- and pathogen-based reductions in the total number of inspections and fish sampled while maintaining equivalent or greater health status compared to current methods. American Fisheries Society–Fish Health Section Blue Book inspection methods are interpreted and applied inconsistently across states and generally yield lot- rather than farm-level health attestations because the history of testing results, risk assessment, and biosecurity practices are not typically taken into account. The cost effects of alternative fish health sampling and testing requirements should be considered in decisions and policy on fish health regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15235,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aquatic animal health","volume":"33 4","pages":"199-219"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39549046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Occurrence of Chelonid Alphaherpesvirus 5 (ChHV5) in Green Sea Turtles Chelonia mydas with and without Fibropapillomatosis in Feeding Areas of the São Paulo Coast, Brazil","authors":"Roberta Ramblas Zamana,&nbsp;Marco Aurélio Gattamorta,&nbsp;Pablo Felipe Cruz Ochoa,&nbsp;Pedro Enrique Navas-Suárez,&nbsp;Carlos Sacristán,&nbsp;Silmara Rossi,&nbsp;José Henrique Hildebrand Grisi-Filho,&nbsp;Isabela Santos Silva,&nbsp;Eliana Reiko Matushima","doi":"10.1002/aah.10142","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aah.10142","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 (ChHV5) has been consistently associated with fibropapillomatosis (FP), a neoplastic disease that affects sea turtles globally. The DNA of ChHV5 has been detected in cutaneous and noncutaneous tissues (e.g., lung) of green sea turtles <i>Chelonia mydas</i> with (FP+) and without (FP−) clinical signs of FP, indicating a persistent ChHV5 infection. Previously published and custom primer pairs were used to amplify the fragments of ChHV5 unique long (UL) partial genes (UL30 and UL18) through end-point PCR from cutaneous tumors (<i>n</i> = 31), nontumored skin (<i>n</i> = 49), and lungs (<i>n</i> = 26) from FP+ (<i>n</i> = 31) and FP− (<i>n</i> = 18) green sea turtles. The DNA of ChHV5 was detected in cutaneous tumors (80.6%, 25/31), nontumored skin (74.2%, 23/31 FP+; 27.8%, 5/18 FP−), and lung samples (91.7%, 11/12 FP+; 100%, 14/14 FP−). The high occurrence of ChHV5 observed in lung samples from FP− individuals was unexpected (14/14), providing the first evidence of ChHV5 DNA presence in lungs of individuals without FP. Our results also revealed high ChHV5 occurrence among the tested cohort (93.9%, 46/49) and suggested that a large proportion (83.4%, 15/18) of FP− green sea turtles had subclinical ChHV5 infections. Hence, our findings support the hypothesis that ChHV5 requires one or more possibly environmental or immune-related co-factors to induce FP.</p>","PeriodicalId":15235,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aquatic animal health","volume":"33 4","pages":"252-263"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39507004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Multiplex Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization Assay to Identify Coinfections in Young-of-the-Year Smallmouth Bass","authors":"Heather L. Walsh,&nbsp;Vicki S. Blazer,&nbsp;Patricia M. Mazik","doi":"10.1002/aah.10144","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aah.10144","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Histopathological assessments of young‐of‐the‐year (age‐0) Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieu in the Susquehanna River drainage identified a high prevalence of the myxozoan Myxobolus inornatus. This myxozoan infects the connective tissue of the muscle below the skin but is sometimes observed in the esophagus and buccal cavity. In some instances, shallow infections cause breaks in the skin, which could increase the chance of opportunistic bacterial infections. Several microbial pathogens, including Flavobacterium columnare, Aeromonas spp., and Largemouth Bass virus, have also been cultured from clinically diseased young of year. A multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay was developed to determine potential colocalization of M. inornatus, Flavobacterium spp., and Aeromonas spp. infections. With FISH, 75% of age‐0 Smallmouth Bass exhibited M. inornatus infections, 10% had Aeromonas spp. infections, and 5% had Flavobacterium spp. infections, while 3% had coinfections with both bacterial species and M. inornatus. The results of the multiplex FISH assay revealed a low occurrence of coinfections of Flavobacterium spp. and/or Aeromonas spp. with M. inornatus in randomly sampled individuals.","PeriodicalId":15235,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aquatic animal health","volume":"34 1","pages":"12-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9293417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39497581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}