Journal of Cell Biology最新文献

ReSCU-Nets: Recurrent U-Nets for segmentation of three-dimensional microscopy data. rescue - nets：用于三维显微数据分割的循环U-Nets。

IF 6.4 1区生物学

Journal of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-11-03 Epub Date: 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202506102

Raymond Hawkins, Negar Balaghi, Katheryn E Rothenberg, Michelle Ly, Rodrigo Fernandez-Gonzalez

{"title":"ReSCU-Nets: Recurrent U-Nets for segmentation of three-dimensional microscopy data.","authors":"Raymond Hawkins, Negar Balaghi, Katheryn E Rothenberg, Michelle Ly, Rodrigo Fernandez-Gonzalez","doi":"10.1083/jcb.202506102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202506102","url":null,"abstract":"Segmenting multidimensional microscopy data requires high accuracy across many images (e.g., time points or Z slices) and is thus a labor-intensive part of biological image processing pipelines. We present ReSCU-Nets, recurrent convolutional neural networks that use the segmentation results from the previous image in a sequence as a prompt to segment the current image. We demonstrate that ReSCU-Nets outperform state-of-the-art image segmentation models, including nnU-Net and the Segment Anything Model, in different segmentation tasks on time-lapse microscopy sequences. Furthermore, ReSCU-Nets enable human-in-the loop corrections that prevent propagation of segmentation errors throughout image sequences. Using ReSCU-Nets, we investigate the role of gap junctions during Drosophila embryonic wound healing. We show that pharmacological blocking of gap junctions slows down wound closure by disrupting cytoskeletal polarity and cell shape changes necessary to repair the wound. Our results demonstrate that ReSCU-Nets enable the analysis of the molecular and cellular dynamics of tissue morphogenesis from multidimensional microscopy data.","PeriodicalId":15211,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"224 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144816748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Origin of chromosome 12 trisomy surge in human induced pluripotent stem cells. 人类诱导多能干细胞中12号染色体三体激增的起源。

IF 6.4 1区生物学

Journal of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-11-03 Epub Date: 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202501231

Maria Narozna, Megan C Latham, Gary J Gorbsky

引用次数: 0

Allocation of resources among multiple daughter cells. 在多个子细胞之间分配资源。

IF 6.4 1区生物学

Journal of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-11-03 Epub Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202504177

Alison C E Wirshing, Roberto Alonso-Matilla, Michelle Yan, Samra Khalid, Analeigha V Colarusso, David Odde, Daniel J Lew

引用次数: 0

Target cell adhesion limits macrophage phagocytosis and promotes trogocytosis. 靶细胞粘附限制巨噬细胞吞噬，促进巨噬细胞吞噬。

IF 6.4 1区生物学

Journal of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-11-03 Epub Date: 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202502034

Kirstin R Rollins, Sareen Fiaz, Ishwaree Datta, Meghan A Morrissey

{"title":"Target cell adhesion limits macrophage phagocytosis and promotes trogocytosis.","authors":"Kirstin R Rollins, Sareen Fiaz, Ishwaree Datta, Meghan A Morrissey","doi":"10.1083/jcb.202502034","DOIUrl":"10.1083/jcb.202502034","url":null,"abstract":"Macrophage phagocytosis is an essential immune response that eliminates pathogens, antibody-opsonized cancer cells, and debris. Macrophages can also trogocytose, or nibble, targets. Trogocytosis and phagocytosis are often activated by the same signal, including IgG antibodies. What makes a macrophage trogocytose instead of phagocytose is not clear. Using both CD47 antibodies and a Her2 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to induce phagocytosis, we found that macrophages preferentially trogocytose adherent target cells instead of phagocytose in both 2D cell monolayers and 3D cancer spheroid models. Disrupting target cell integrin using an RGD peptide or through CRISPR-Cas9 knockout of the αV integrin subunit in target cells increased macrophage phagocytosis. In contrast, increasing cell-cell adhesion by ectopically expressing E-cadherin in Raji B cell targets reduced phagocytosis. Finally, we examined phagocytosis of mitotic cells, a naturally occurring example of cells with reduced adhesion. Arresting target cells in mitosis significantly increased phagocytosis. Together, our data show that adhesion of target cells limits phagocytosis and promotes trogocytosis.","PeriodicalId":15211,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"224 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PILS-Nir1 is a sensitive phosphatidic acid biosensor that reveals mechanisms of lipid production. PILS-Nir1是一种敏感的磷脂酸生物传感器，可以揭示脂质产生的机制。

IF 6.4 1区生物学

Journal of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-11-03 Epub Date: 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202405174

Claire C Weckerly, Taylor A Rahn, Max Ehrlich, Rachel C Wills, Joshua G Pemberton, Michael V Airola, Gerald R V Hammond

引用次数: 0

Vacuolar pH regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis through TORC1 signaling during replicative aging. 在复制衰老过程中，液泡pH值通过TORC1信号调节网格蛋白介导的内吞作用。

IF 6.4 1区生物学

Journal of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-11-03 Epub Date: 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202412064

Kenneth Gabriel Antenor, Jaime Lee-Dadswell, Natasha Salahshour, Nina Grishchenko, Shaimaa Swaleh, Gurjyot Makhija, Allie Spangaro, Mojca Mattiazzi Usaj

{"title":"Vacuolar pH regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis through TORC1 signaling during replicative aging.","authors":"Kenneth Gabriel Antenor, Jaime Lee-Dadswell, Natasha Salahshour, Nina Grishchenko, Shaimaa Swaleh, Gurjyot Makhija, Allie Spangaro, Mojca Mattiazzi Usaj","doi":"10.1083/jcb.202412064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202412064","url":null,"abstract":"Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is a critical cellular process that regulates nutrient uptake, membrane composition, and signaling. Although replicative aging affects many cellular functions, its impact on CME remains largely unknown. We show that in budding yeast, older cells have slower assembly of early and coat CME modules, resulting in longer endocytic turnover and reduced Mup1 internalization. This change in CME dynamics is mother cell-specific, and not observed in daughters. Our data also show that perturbing vacuolar pH, a key driver of aging phenotypes, in young cells mimics aging-like CME dynamics, while maintaining an acidic vacuolar pH in aging cells preserves CME dynamics typical of young cells. We demonstrate that the vacuolar pH effect on CME is regulated through TORC1 via the effector kinase Npr1. Finally, we show that rescuing CME in aging cells improves mitochondrial health. These findings reveal that age-associated changes in cellular and vacuolar pH impair CME, and suggest CME as a potential driver of early cellular aging.","PeriodicalId":15211,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"224 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Galectin-9 regulates dendritic cell polarity and uropod contraction by modulating RhoA activity. 半凝集素-9通过调节RhoA活性调节树突细胞极性和尾足收缩。

IF 6.4 1区生物学

Journal of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-11-03 Epub Date: 2025-09-23 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202404079

Guus A Franken, Harry Warner, Jorge Cuenca-Escalona, Isabel F Stehle, Vince P A van Reijmersdal, Sophie E Klomp, Koert Schreurs, Andrea Rodgers-Furones, Rohit Rajesh Gokhale, Manon Vullings, René Classens, Stefania Di Blasio, Yusuf Dolen, Sjoerd van Deventer, Katarina Wolf, Inge M N Wortel, Joseph H R Hetmanski, Annemiek B van Spriel, Laia Querol Cano

{"title":"Galectin-9 regulates dendritic cell polarity and uropod contraction by modulating RhoA activity.","authors":"Guus A Franken, Harry Warner, Jorge Cuenca-Escalona, Isabel F Stehle, Vince P A van Reijmersdal, Sophie E Klomp, Koert Schreurs, Andrea Rodgers-Furones, Rohit Rajesh Gokhale, Manon Vullings, René Classens, Stefania Di Blasio, Yusuf Dolen, Sjoerd van Deventer, Katarina Wolf, Inge M N Wortel, Joseph H R Hetmanski, Annemiek B van Spriel, Laia Querol Cano","doi":"10.1083/jcb.202404079","DOIUrl":"10.1083/jcb.202404079","url":null,"abstract":"Adaptive immunity relies on dendritic cell (DC) migration to transport antigens from tissues to lymph nodes. Galectins, a family of β-galactoside-binding proteins, control cell membrane organization, exerting crucial roles in multiple physiological processes. Here, we report a novel mechanism underlying cell polarity and uropod retraction by demonstrating that galectin-9 regulates basal and chemokine-driven DC migration in humans and mice. Galectin-9 depletion caused a defect in RhoA signaling that resulted in impaired cell rear contractility. Mechanistically, galectin-9 interacts with and organizes CD44 at the cell surface, in turn modulating RhoA binding to GEF-H1 and the initiation of downstream signaling. Analysis of DC motility in the 3D tumor microenvironment revealed galectin-9 is also required for DC recruitment and infiltration. Exogenous galectin-9 rescued the motility of tumor-immunocompromised human blood DCs, validating the physiological relevance of galectin-9 in DC migration. Our results identify galectin-9 as a necessary mechanistic component for DC motility by regulating cell polarity and contractility, and underscore its implications for DC-based immunotherapies.","PeriodicalId":15211,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"224 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12456409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145124743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanisms of nuclear segregation in a multinucleate multibudding yeast. 多核多芽酵母的核分离机制。

IF 6.4 1区生物学

Journal of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-11-03 Epub Date: 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202504068

Claudia A Petrucco, Alex W Crocker, Alison C E Wirshing, Analeigha V Colarusso, Maya Waarts, Amy S Gladfelter, Daniel J Lew

{"title":"Mechanisms of nuclear segregation in a multinucleate multibudding yeast.","authors":"Claudia A Petrucco, Alex W Crocker, Alison C E Wirshing, Analeigha V Colarusso, Maya Waarts, Amy S Gladfelter, Daniel J Lew","doi":"10.1083/jcb.202504068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202504068","url":null,"abstract":"Budding yeasts present an especially challenging geometry for segregation of chromosomes, which must be delivered across the narrow mother-bud neck into the bud. Studies in the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have revealed an elaborate set of mechanisms that selectively orient one mitotic spindle pole toward the bud and then drive spindle elongation along the mother-bud axis, ensuring nuclear segregation between mother and bud. It is unclear how these pathways might be adapted to yield similar precision in more complex cell geometries. Here, we provide the first description of the dynamics of mitosis in a multinucleate, multibudding yeast, Aureobasidium pullulans, and identify many unexpected differences from uninucleate yeasts. Mitotic spindles do not orient along the mother-bud axis prior to anaphase, and accurate nuclear segregation often occurs after spindle disassembly. Cortical Num1-dynein forces pull highly mobile nuclei into buds, and once a nucleus enters a bud, it discourages others from entering, ensuring that most daughters inherit only one nucleus.","PeriodicalId":15211,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"224 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144955531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aip5 forms a "composite" actin nucleator with Bud6 and caps pointed ends of actin filaments.

IF 7.8 1区生物学

Journal of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202505039

Joseph O Magliozzi,Lucas A Runyan,Adah Welsh,Shae B Padrick,Bruce L Goode

引用次数: 0

Analysis of native Ist1 dynamics reveals multiple pools of ESCRT-III on endosomes.

IF 7.8 1区生物学

Journal of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202407013

Kevin A Swift,Iryna Pustova,William Kasberg,Jenna Bowman,Krithi Gopinath,Erin Voss,Hayden Nelson,Anjon Audhya

引用次数: 0