NAMJ 17 (2023)最新文献

{"title":"Knowledge and awareness of early stroke signs: an analytical review","authors":"Ibrahim Alruzayhi, Abdullah Alhussain, Abdulaziz Aljammaz, Abdullah Alhamri, Bader Alrashoud","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.4-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.4-10","url":null,"abstract":"Present study sought to provide a research-based evidence regarding knowledge and awareness of early stroke signs via a structured analytical review of the previous studies.\u0000This study was an analytical review that screened the previous studies published between 2018 and 2023 using a combination of the following keywords” Stroke, Knowledge, early signs, awareness, and signs and symptoms”. This review included studies published in English within the last five years and discussing similar outcome.\u0000A total of five studies were included in this structured analytical review. The included studies provided variation in the findings related to the knowledge and awareness about early signs of stroke. However, all of the studies stressed the significance of designing interventional educational programs that provide tailored education about early signs of stroke based on individuals’ socioeconomic and demographic characteristics.\u0000The study concluded that knowledge and awareness about early signs of stroke is an issue that requires more attention from the researchers at the global level as varied outcomes were reported and no evidences are retrieved about the level of knowledge and awareness about early signs of stroke.","PeriodicalId":151964,"journal":{"name":"NAMJ 17 (2023)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133905978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring the dynamics of the state of a 64-year-old man with covid-19 based on smart watch data","authors":"A. Khachunts, N. Tadevosyan, E.A. Khachatryan, B.A. Khachunts, A. A. Tumanian","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-42","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The variability of the clinical course of COVID-19 and the variety of the “geography” of its complications actualize the issue of monitoring and assessing the dynamics of the patients’ condition for the most effective therapy and rehabilitation. Smart devices that track a number of physiological parameters allow you to monitor the health status and the course of the disease. \u0000Case description: We present a case of a past viral infection (COVID-19) in the aspect of assessing the dynamics of the patient’s condition and the effectiveness of treatment by resting heart rate and the total index of motor activity using smart watch. The patient was a 64-year-old man with a history of hypertension, atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus and myocardial infarction. On certain days of viral infection, glucose levels, blood oxygen saturation, blood pressure and body temperature were measured. The patient was prescribed Ingavirin, Vitamins C and D, Doliprane, Azithromycin, Moxicin, Xarelto and Dexamethasone.\u0000Results and discussion: It was revealed that the dynamics of the clinical course showed the strongest correlation with resting heart rate and total index of motor activity. Resting heart rate demonstrated a very high sensitivity, also changing in response to stress factors. Thus modern smart devices are able to provide information about the COVID-19 clinical course and the effectiveness of therapy.","PeriodicalId":151964,"journal":{"name":"NAMJ 17 (2023)","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128763821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nicotine-Dependent Risk Of Developing Parkinson’s Disease","authors":"A. Zilfyan, S. Avagyan","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-4","url":null,"abstract":"For the past twenty years, information concerning the relationship between Parkinson’s disease and the use of tobacco products has appeared in highly respected scientific publications. As a whole, these studies were epidemiological. As a rule, these studies showed that individuals who abused tobacco products for many years and quit smoking only in old age had a significantly increased risk of developing Parkinson’s disease. Only a few studies have attempted to identify the structural-functional relationship between the effects of nicotine on the representative brain areas responsible for the onset of Parkinson’s disease. During prolonged tobacco use, nicotine that enters the brain tissue activates the nicotine-dependent acetylcholine receptors localized in dopaminergic neurons, resulting in the release of dopamine. In this study, we attempted to investigate the mechanisms underlying the onset of Parkinson’s disease in individuals who have quit smoking, i.e. under conditions of nicotine withdrawal in the brain.” In our opinion, the “preventive effect” of nicotine on dopaminergic neurons is realized through four interdependent mechanisms: \u00001. By the receptor mechanism, due to the nicotine-dependent acetylcholine receptors located on dopaminergic neurons, \u00002. Due to the balanced release and reuptake of dopamine to dopaminergic neurons, \u00003. Due to prevention of α-synuclein aggregation and fibrillation process, \u00004. Due to the inhibitory effect of nicotine on the processes of activating the synthesis of aliphatic polyamines in dopaminergic neurons of the corpus striatum and nucleus caudatum. \u0000In cases of nicotine “deficiency”, neurodegenerative disorders pathognomonic for Parkinson’s disease can occur in the brain: \u00001. The exchange of dopamine and aliphatic polyamines in dopaminergic neurons is disturbed, \u00002. The processes of transforming native α-synuclein into its aggregated and fibrillar forms are intensified, \u00003. Ultimately, the intraneuronal dopamine-synuclein complex with a pronounced neurotoxic action spectrum may appear. \u00004. Older adults, in conditions of abrupt smoking cessation, are recommended to use Eflornithine, as well as a polyamine-free and polyamine-deficient diet.","PeriodicalId":151964,"journal":{"name":"NAMJ 17 (2023)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129253074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motor-Imagery EEG Signal Classification using Optimized Support Vector Machine by Differential Evolution Algorithm","authors":"L.A. Fard, K. Jaseb, S.M. Mehdi Safi","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-78","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Motor-Imagery (MI) is a mental or cognitive stimulation without actual sensory input that enables the mind to represent perceptual information. This study aims to use the optimized support vector machine (OSVM) by differential evolution algorithm for motor-Imagery EEG signal classification.\u0000Methods: A total of three filters were applied to each signal during the preprocessing phase. The bandstop filter was used to remove urban noise and signal recorders, the median filter to remove random sudden peaks in the signal, and finally, the signal was normalized using the mapminmax filter. The most valuable features were extracted including mean signal intensity, minimum signal value, signal peak value, signal median, signal standard deviation, energy, corticoids, entropy, and signal skewness.\u0000Results: The accuracy of the SVM for linear, Gaussian, polynomial, and radial base kernels was 67.3%, 55.1%, 63.6%, and 55.1%, respectively, which was optimized after the classification model by differential evolution algorithm; however, the accuracy for OSVM was increased to 99.6%.\u0000Conclusion: Examination of the brain signal appearance for uniform motor-Imagery of both hands showed a significant difference between the signal of motor-Imagery mode with OSVM algorithm (99.6% accuracy), which gave promising results for classification motor imagery EEG signal.","PeriodicalId":151964,"journal":{"name":"NAMJ 17 (2023)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115719305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of wearable technology in a comprehensive chronic pain management programme","authors":"J. Balkić Widmann, I. Dimitrijević, I. Radoš, I. Banjari","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.46-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.46-53","url":null,"abstract":"Technology is increasingly used to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour in the general population, but the possibility of using it to support physical activity in chronic pain patients is still sparse. Physical activity is crucial for improving quality of life of chronic pain patients. However, long-term physical activity goals widely depend on pain perception, actual or anticipated pain exacerbation, and lack of confidence when doing physical activity.\u0000We aimed to determine whether wearable technology can improve management of chronic pain. Full protocol of this 8-week clinical trial is available in the Clinical Trials Registry (NCT 03837080). In short, chronic pain patients enrolled in the 4-week multidisciplinary chronic pain management programme wore fitness wristbands during the 4-week programme (0-4 weeks) and during the follow-up (4-8 weeks). Fitness wristbands measured physical activity and sleep patterns. Additionally, anthropometric measurements and psychological condition of patients (by using Pain Catastrophizing Scale and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale – 21 Items questionnaires) was measured. The number of steps and average time of activity per day increased, as well as deep sleep time per day but without reaching statistical significance. Significant improvements in waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio with longer deep sleep time were found. No significant correlation was found between physical activity, sleep quality and psychological characteristics or catastrophizing. By wearing fitness wristbands, patients feel actively involved in their chronic pain management. In a clinical/research setting, wristbands provide better, continuous oversight of patient’s progress end enables tailoring of individualized strategies. However, the use of wristbands requires some level of IT knowledge, and sudden malfunctions of the wristband and/or the software can be expected. Additionally, some individual characteristics (i.e., demographics, psychosocial factors, lack of motivation) can also be obstacles to their use.","PeriodicalId":151964,"journal":{"name":"NAMJ 17 (2023)","volume":"s1-9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127196490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Covid -19 pandemic and epidemiological pattern of cutaneous leishmaniasis occurrence in Iran","authors":"M. A. Ghatee, S. Ebrahimi, M. H. Kohansal","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-35","url":null,"abstract":"Limited data is available on the impact of pandemic on the epidemiological pattern of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Covid-19 pandemic and the occurrence of CL. Patients’ data in one-year interval, before the Covid-19 pandemic and the same timespan during Covid-19 pandemic that were clinically and laboratory confirmed were extracted from the Leishmania center of Bam city. Demographic data and disease characters including sex, age, frequency and location of lesion and treatment was statistically analyzed. The frequency of CL is cases in the time interval before the Covid-19 pandemic (168 patients) was higher than the same timespan during the pandemic (119 patients). The majority of cases (156) were women. The mean age of patients was 29.91±21.60. No significant differences were observed in age, sex, number of lesions, treatment regimen, duration of treatment and location of skin lesions in patients before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Current study showed that the frequency of CL in Bam city, an important endemic area of CL, during the Covid-19 pandemic has decreased compared to the time before pandemic but there was no significant difference in terms of mean age, sex of patients, number of lesions, length of treatment, treatment regimen and location of lesions before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Further studies are needed on the role of the Covid-19 pandemic in the epidemiological pattern of CL.","PeriodicalId":151964,"journal":{"name":"NAMJ 17 (2023)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114901001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cutaneous adverse reactions to herbal medicines","authors":"S. Gavanji, H. Baghshahi, Z. Hamami Chamgordani","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.11-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.11-21","url":null,"abstract":"The use of medicinal plants is as old as human history. The adoption of plants in the prevention and treatment of diseases has maintained its position in various societies and cultures. Many people believe using medicinal herbs is not detrimental if there is no benefit.\u0000In recent years, due to the trend of people and the increase in the consumption of medicinal plants, extensive research is being done in the field of pharmaceuticals and the use of medicinal plants and their properties for the treatment of diseases.\u0000Skin diseases are among the most common diseases in the world. Some of the most common skin disease symptoms are skin rashes, itchy skin, prominent bumps, peeling, blisters or sores, discoloration, etc. Since the skin plays a vital role as the first defense barrier of the body, skin diseases can cause dangerous problems for all age groups, from infants to the elderly.\u0000Therefore, investigating the possible adverse effects of medicinal plants on the structure and function of the skin is of particular importance. Plants can cause side effects or reduce other pharmaceutical medication effects when improperly used.\u0000According to studies, adverse skin responses to herbal medications can be caused by dermal contact or prolonged exposure to medicinal herbs. These reactions are also linked to several risk factors, such as adverse effects, dose, health state, and interactions.\u0000This article reviews the findings and data available in articles published between 1953 and October 2022 on the skin side effects of medicinal plants in various databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scientific Information Database.","PeriodicalId":151964,"journal":{"name":"NAMJ 17 (2023)","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123885791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of the course and outcome of pregnancy in women with COVID-19","authors":"N. Dzhaynakbaev, G. Aldangarova, Z. Aumoldaeva, Sh. Toreyeva, A. Suleimenova","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.33-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.33-40","url":null,"abstract":"Having appeared in China, the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly around the world. Pregnant women are patients with risk factors for the development of severe/complicated course of acute respiratory viral infection and influenza, but currently only a small number of studies have been published that highlight the features of the course of COVID-19, a disease caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, in pregnant women and newborns. \u0000The purpose of this article is retrospective analysis of the course of pregnancy and childbirth in women with COVID-19.\u0000The research method is retrospective analysis of the medical record of 128 pregnant and parturient women who were treated in the department of infectious disease from October 2021 to February 2022 at the premises of the Regional Perinatal Center in Taldykurgan City (Republic of Kazakhstan). Retrospective analysis also included 65 newborn histories from mothers who had experienced COVID-19.\u0000COVID-19 disease can worsen the course of pregnancy by causing respiratory distress syndrome which can lead to premature birth and miscarriage. Currently, there is no reliable evidence of intrauterine transmission of COVID-19 from mother to fetus through the placenta, as well as transmission of the virus from mother to child through breast milk.","PeriodicalId":151964,"journal":{"name":"NAMJ 17 (2023)","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124067992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial activity of amaranthus caudatus extract against multidrug resistant acinetobacter baumannii and klebsiella pneumoniae","authors":"M. Bari, M. A. Alfaki","doi":"10.56936/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-118","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, new and effective antifungal or antimicrobial medications are required due to the rise of drug-resistant organisms. Most people have thought about using medicinal herbs to naturally treat illnesses with bacterial origins. In this study, two multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria were used as in vitro models to compare the effects of antimicrobial medicinal plant extracts. The antibacterial effects of a Amaranthus caudatus seed extract was elicited by different solvents on Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae were examined in this experimental study using the disc diffusion assay and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. GC-MS analysis identified several antibacterial compounds, viz. hexadecane, dodecane, undecane, heptacosane, etc. The extracts’ effectiveness was examined through their anti-bacterial and anti-oxidant activity. Plant extracts with various compounds demonstrated antibacterial activity in the current study. They can therefore serve as a new source of antibacterial compounds.","PeriodicalId":151964,"journal":{"name":"NAMJ 17 (2023)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130943538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D status in a case series of Armenian population: one center cohort datA","authors":"Anna Ghubatyan, Nune Gevorgyan, Nare Seyranyan, Emma Badalyan, M. Gevorgyan, L. Navasardyan","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.27-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.27-32","url":null,"abstract":"Documenting the current status of vitamin D and its trends is one of goals of nutritional assessment and monitoring for the health agencies.\u0000The purpose of current study was to examine the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in a case-series of Armenian population based on one center cohort data, and to reveal its association with season, age and sex. In 2018, 1525 patients were evaluated. Vitamin D insufficiency was defined as a serum 25-OH vitamin D concentration (25-OHD) <20ng/ml. The season was detected as “sunny season” – from May to October inclusively, and “non-sunny” season – from November to April.\u0000All analyses were performed using statistical software (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0; IBM Corp., USA). Values of p<0.05 were considered statistically significant. The male/female ratio of investigated patients was 1/2.5, and mean age was 35.14±17.66. No significant difference in vitamin D insufficiency prevalence was found between 3 age groups (p>0.05). The average 25-OH vitamin D level of all investigated patients was 24.11±9.66. The overall prevalence rate of vitamin D insufficiency was 29.3% (n=447), having a significant link with the winter “non-sunny” season (p<0.01), when the sun exposure on the skin is not enough, regardless the sex (p>0.05). No correlation was found between 25-OHD insufficiency and age of patients (p>0.05).\u0000In summary, we conclude that 25-OHD insufficiency is common in Armenian population and is linked with seasonal period. It is important, that health care providers and government health agencies in Armenia are aware of this prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and develop and re-evaluate over time the country-specific health policy and programs","PeriodicalId":151964,"journal":{"name":"NAMJ 17 (2023)","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114273944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}