NAMJ 17 (2023)最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of Psychosocial Life Aspects among Substance Abuse Clients at Rehabilitation Phase","authors":"M. Alshahrani","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-58","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rehabilitation of the substance misuse is a stage that is no less important than the main stage in the treatment of addiction, but rather it is considered complementary to it. The treatment phase of substance misuse is not worth anything if the addict suffers a relapse that causes him/her to revert back to the path of addiction, and this phase mainly aims to rehabilitate the substance misuse psychologically and socially. Objective: The purpose of the study is to assess the social and psychological life aspects of substance misuse clients who are at the rehabilitation phase at Erada and mental health clinic in Abha mental health hospital. \u0000Method: A descriptive cross-sectional research design was adopted in this study. The researcher used the systematic random sampling method to recruit a sample of 184 substance misuse clients who are at the rehabilitation phase at Erada and mental health clinic in Abha mental health hospital. To collect data, the study used the questionnaire that consisted of three parts: the socio-demographic part, the Psychological Functioning Scale and the Social Functioning Scales. \u0000Result: The results of the study showed that the total score of the psychological life aspects scale was (2.48±0.23). It was found that the greatest effect was for depression domain (2.6±0.50). Moreover, the study found that the total score of the social life aspects scale was (2.43±0.25). it was found that that the greatest effect was on risk-taking domain (2.5±0.48). Further, the study found that there were significant statistical differences in the social and psychological life aspects among the substance misuse clients who are at the rehabilitation phase referred to age, gender, marital status, type of misused substance, duration of substance misuse, unit of client, dose of misused substance, and withdrawal duration (p≤0.05). \u0000Conclusion: The study concluded that depression, self-esteem, risk-taking and childhood problems were the main affected social and psychological life aspects among substance misuse clients who are at the rehabilitation phase. The study recommended increasing public awareness regarding the major psychosocial effects of addiction and design interventional programs to improve clients’ psychosocial adjustment levels.","PeriodicalId":151964,"journal":{"name":"NAMJ 17 (2023)","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129984329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accounts of adverse neonatal effects in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes: anticipating maternal platelet indices and C-reactive protein as effective biomarkers","authors":"D. Sai Bhavana, G. Shyamala, B. Sujatha","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.84-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.84-93","url":null,"abstract":"Present study aimed at determining maternal platelet indices in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes with adverse neonatal consequences. Comparing maternal C-reactive protein efficacy and platelet indices in predicting outcomes.\u0000Herein, 82 women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes and 78 women with spontaneous preterm labor were studied. All women undertook complete blood count tests. The group of preterm prelabor rupture of membranes undertook additional C-reactive protein tests. Neonatal outcome data were compiled post-delivery, and results were compared. C-reactive protein efficacy and platelet indices helped in predicting neonatal outcomes in the group of preterm prelabor rupture of membranes using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.\u0000Women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes had increased levels of mean platelet volume (8.41 vs. 7.66; p<0.0001), platelet crit (0.223 vs. 0.194; p=0.002), and higher prevalence of early-onset neonatal sepsis (19.5% vs. 2.6%; p<0.001) compared to those with spontaneous preterm labor. In the group of preterm prelabor rupture of membranes, mean platelet volume, platelet crit, and C-reactive protein were significantly associated with respiratory distress syndrome and early-onset neonatal sepsis. The cut-off values mean platelet volume ≥ 8.55fL, platelet crit of ≥0.255%, and C-reactive protein of 5mg/L predicted respiratory distress syndrome with an area under the curve of 0.84, 0.92 and 0.72, the sensitivity of 83%, 91%, and 62%, and specificity of 78.1%, 92.2%, and 68.2%, respectively. The cut-off values of mean platelet volume ≥ 9.05 fL, platelet crit of ≥0.283%, and C-reactive protein of 6mg/L predicted early-onset neonatal sepsis with an area under the curve of 0.86, 0.90 and 0.65, sensitivity of 87.5%, 93%, and 56%, and specificity of 75%, 85%, and 66%, respectively.\u0000Maternal mean platelet volume and platelet crit are useful predictors of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and early-onset neonatal sepsis in mothers with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes and werebetter predictors of neonatal outcomes than C-reactive protein.","PeriodicalId":151964,"journal":{"name":"NAMJ 17 (2023)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130687076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repurposing the drug duloxetine for its antibacterial activity against catheter associated urinary tract infections","authors":"M. Poyil, M. Bari","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.54-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.54-62","url":null,"abstract":"Catheter associated urinary tract infection is an important nosocomial infection that can be involved by one or more parts of the urinary system including bladder, ureters, urethra and kidneys. The infection is common as studies estimated that the mean incidence of catheter associated urinary tract infection per 1000 catheter-days was as high as 9.86, and when the infection is caused by multidrug resistant bacteria, it can lead to severe sufferings to the patients with longer morbidity and higher medical expenses.\u0000Many of the catheter associated urinary tract infection causing bacteria are known to form biofilms and pathogens like Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Enterococcus faecalis etc. are among the most notorious. As such biofilms are extremely resistant to ant external physical, chemical or biological agents, the treatment against them pose serious challenges.\u0000Present study analyses the antibacterial activity of a repurposing anti-depression drug duloxetine against two of the most prevalent catheter associated urinary tract infection causing bacterial pathogens – viz. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. Duloxetine showed antibacterial and the lowest inhibitory concentration was found to be 37.5 µg/ml for both microbes. It was also evaluated for their effect against microbial colonization and biofilm formation. The duloxetine didn’t allow the microbial colorization up to its minimum inhibitory concentration thus the biofilm reduction was observed as 64% and 86% for Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis respectively. To prevent biofilm formation on urinary catheters, the drug was coated with silicone catheter tube and exhibited antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis.\u0000Study suggested that duloxetine can be an effective antibacterial agent against Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis.","PeriodicalId":151964,"journal":{"name":"NAMJ 17 (2023)","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128836107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of polyamines in the regenerative process of skin aerobic-purulent wounds","authors":"Erik Hakobyan, S. Avagyan, A. Zilfyan, Semyon Orduyan, Hovhanes Gazaryan, L. Simonyants, Vigen Hovhannisyan","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.1-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.1-102","url":null,"abstract":"Aliphatic polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, spermine) are organic polycations that play an important role in wound healing by stimulating several cellular mechanisms. In a human skin wound sample, the activity of the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase, which regulates the rate of polyamine synthesis, rapidly increases along the wound edges and leads to the activation of the polyamine synthesis cascade. Under the influence of polyamines, some signaling systems are also activated in wounds, which are the main pathways for the release of cellular mechanisms, and thanks to them, the healing process begins in wounds. For example, spermine induces the synthesis of urokinase-type plasminogen activator, the binding of which to the corresponding receptor at the wound margins executes the urokinase-type plasminogen activator and its receptor signaling system, which is the main driver of keratinocyte migration. Eukaryotic cell proliferation depends on precise modification of the eukaryotic initiation factor 5A1, in which spermidine plays an indispensable role. However, in addition to the significant functions performed by polyamines in the human body, polyamines are also necessary for the normal growth and development of fungi and bacteria. Small amounts of some microorganisms have a positive effect on the healing of wounds, but their increase, on the contrary, leads to the impairment of the normal course of wound healing due to their enhanced synthesis of polyamines. On the other hand, many studies show that excess ornithine decarboxylase and polyamines increase the risk of skin cancer. Suppression of polyamine synthesis by pathogenic microflora during wound healing can contribute to both rapid healing and the prevention of skin cancer.\u0000In our study, we offer a way of inhibition of polyamine synthesis by wound microflora for rapid wound healing and prevention of subsequent cancer. The medicinal mixture “Armenicum/Eflornithine” is a mixture of the drug “Armenicum” and α-difluoromethylornithine.","PeriodicalId":151964,"journal":{"name":"NAMJ 17 (2023)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123724088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Sural Nerve Amplitude and Sural/Radial Amplitude Ratio in Electrodiagnosis of patients with neuropathy in Type 2 diabetes","authors":"G. Shamsaei, Mehrnoosh Zakerkish, Davood Kashipazha, M. Moradi, Hossein Zakizadeh","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.77-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.77-83","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic neuropathy is the most common and bothersome diabetes mellitus complication, leading to considerable morbidity and mortality. The results of these studies and the importance of early detection and prevention of polyneuropathy in diabetic patients motivated the authors to carry out the present study.\u0000In this cross-sectional study all consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were referred to the Endocrinology Clinic at Golestan Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran. The Nihon Kochden gadget was utilized on all patients, who were all examined by an individual. Average sensory amplitude was defined as greater than 6 V for the sural nerve and greater than 15 V for the radial nerve. In the present investigation, a sural/radial nerve amplitude ratio greater than or equal to 21 percent was considered normal.\u0000In total, 80 subjects were included in the analysis, there is a non-significant direct correlation between the sural nerve and sural/radial nerve amplitude ratio, to diagnose patients with and without neuropathy (p=0.625). Moreover, there is a non-significant direct correlation between the sural nerve and sural/radial nerve amplitude ratio with the body mass index of patients with diabetes, and this correlation is negligible (p>0.05).\u0000The findings demonstrated that sural/radial nerve amplitude ratio was a promising method for detecting neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Also, sural nerve and sural/radial nerve amplitude ratio had a significant inversion relationship with age and duration of diabetes for detecting diabetic neuropathy in type 2 diabetes patients.","PeriodicalId":151964,"journal":{"name":"NAMJ 17 (2023)","volume":"197 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115477766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of the management of coronary heart disease in patients with metabolically associated fatty liver disease","authors":"E. Smuglov, E. V. Maksimova, D. G. Pashkovsky","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-28","url":null,"abstract":"Among chronic non-communicable diseases, which make a significant contribution to mortality rates in the developed countries of the world, the leading positions are occupied by diseases of the circulatory system. According to statistics, one million people a year die from cardiovascular diseases in Russia. In an extensive nosological group of diseases of the circulatory system, coronary heart disease is the main cause of death and disability in the adult population. The annual mortality from coronary heart disease among the population of Russia is 27 %. To date, the number of patients with coronary heart disease with comorbid pathology, especially with diseases of the hepatobiliary system, metabolic syndrome, is increasing. The prevalence of metabolically associated fatty liver disease is 20 to 30 % in the population and tends to increase. The combined course of metabolically associated fatty liver disease and coronary heart disease occurs in 14-18 % of cases.\u0000Objective: to determine the impact of metabolically associated fatty liver disease on the course of coronary heart disease and the possibility of correcting metabolic disorders to prevent the development of cardiovascular complications.\u0000Materials and methods. 35 patients with coronary heart disease and metabolically associated fatty liver disease were examined; they were noted to have more severe clinical course of stenocardia and higher risk of cardiovascular complications, then those patients without liver diseases.\u0000Results and its discussion. It was estimated, that using thiotriazoline and ursodeoxycholic acid in addition to standard medicamentous therapy improves clinical course of stenocardia as well as overall quality of life due to high antianginal and antioxidant effects.\u0000Conclusions. Hepatoprotective therapy increases possibility of correction of metabolic defects, dyslipidemia, decreases the risk of oxidative stress, prevents development of life threatening cardiovascular conditions and can be used to optimize treatment of comorbid patients.","PeriodicalId":151964,"journal":{"name":"NAMJ 17 (2023)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130415913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gravity factor in determination of hemodynamics regulatory setting in human (rheographic study)","authors":"L. Dilenyan, G. Belkaniya, A. Fedotova, I. Bocharin, A. Martusevich","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-72","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to show the dynamics of the ratio of arterial hypo- and hypercirculation in postanal ontogenesis. The ratio of opposite hemodynamic phenomena, such as circulatory insufficiency in arterial blood circulation (arterial hypocirculation) and adaptive arterial hypercirculation, reflects the direction of the regulatory setting of the circulatory state of the cardiovascular system. In the regulatory setting of blood circulation in a person in the standing position prevails “anti-gravity stress”, which eliminates the age component detected in the supine position. The defining characteristic of this voltage is the pressor unit for regulating the cardiovascular system, which is characterized by a systemic prevalence of vasoconstriction (hyperresistivity of arterial vessels), as well as signs of circulatory insufficiency. In the supine position, under the conditions of minimal impact of the gravitational factor, adaptive conditions prevail up to 35 years. After 35 years the transition and disadaptive states were registered rottenly. Changes are mainly detected in the standing position in the pelvis-hip and leg block, and after 35 years are fixed in the lying position.","PeriodicalId":151964,"journal":{"name":"NAMJ 17 (2023)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124227458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing Effective Health Education Programs: A Review of Current Research and Best Practices","authors":"I. A. H. Alazwari, S. Alarsan, N. Alkhateeb, E. K. Salameh","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-105","url":null,"abstract":"Health education programs are an essential component of public health interventions aimed at promoting health and preventing disease. Designing effective health education programs requires careful planning and consideration of various factors, such as target audience, program goals, content, and delivery methods. This review paper provides an overview of the key considerations in designing health education programs and summarizes the existing literature on effective program design. The paper highlights the importance of considering cultural and contextual factors, engaging stakeholders in program development, and using evidence-based strategies to promote behavior change. Overall, the paper provides insights into the challenges and opportunities of designing health education programs that can improve health outcomes and reduce health disparities.","PeriodicalId":151964,"journal":{"name":"NAMJ 17 (2023)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130554757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity effects of ethanolic extract of Ferula assafoetida resin on oral Squamous Cells Carcinoma (KB) compared with L929 cells","authors":"S. Gavanji, A. Bakhtari, H. Baghshahi, Z. Hamami Chamgordani","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-14","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most common forms of malignancy is oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Despite advances in cancer treatment, the mortality rate of OSCC has remained almost unchanged for the past decades. Improving treatment requires the search for new classes of safer and more effective anticancer agents. Oleo-gum-resin obtained from Ferula assafoetida has significant anticancer properties against various cancer cells. The current study aims to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of the oleo-gum-resin extract on oral squamous cell carcinoma (KB) compared with normal mouse fibroblast cells (L929). The KB (cancer group) and L929 (control group) cells were cultured in an enriched RPMI-1640 medium. Then the cells were treated with 5 - 160 μg/ml concentrations of oleo-gum-resin extract for 24, 48, and 72 hours. The cell viability rate was determined by MTT assay. The statistical data analysis was done using SPSS software and the one-way ANOVA technique. Tukey’s comparison procedure was used to compare individual means. A t-test was used to compare the identical concentrations between two cell lines. In this study, IC50 was 37.36 and 89.81 µg/ml for KB and L929 cells, respectively. The IC50 ratio for normal (L929)-to-tumoral (KB) cells was 89.81: 37.36 = 2.40, indicating that a 2.5-fold higher effect of asafoetida extract on normal mouse fibroblast cells (L929) compared tumoral cells (KB). According to the results, the ethanolic asafoetida extract exhibited more cytotoxic effects on KB than on L929 cells. This study demonstrated that the asafoetida extract exerted more cytotoxic effects on oral squamous cell carcinoma than normal cells.","PeriodicalId":151964,"journal":{"name":"NAMJ 17 (2023)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127378074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}