{"title":"Mapping Motifs and Techniques: Tracing the Development and Transmission of Cupisnique-style Engraved Head Images","authors":"Yumi Park Huntington","doi":"10.52713/aram8873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52713/aram8873","url":null,"abstract":"Archaeologists have long identified the ceramics of the ancient Chancay, Zaña, Jequetepeque, and Chicama Valleys of Peru as being in the Cupisnique style. Many of these ceramics also exhibit variations of thinly engraved head motifs, which I have previously argued serve as emblems of a unified cultural identity in the region. The appearance and frequency of such post-fired engravings has not previously been specifically quantified or mapped to the specific locations where these objects were unearthed. Through a number of charts, this paper maps the origins of 62 engraved Cupisnique-style vessels, including 30 examples currently held in the collection of the Museo Arqueológico Rafael Larco Herrera, for which archaeological data is available, showing distinct regional differences even within the Cupisnique style and suggesting that it may be possible to trace more precisely the development and dissemination of post-firing engraved motifs, which are still little understood. Beyond just identifying a singular Cupisnique style, then, a more precise mapping of the available archaeological record allows us to trace local developments and transmissions even within a region previously defined only by a single cultural/stylistic identity. Indeed, differences in imagery between sites suggest noteworthy variations in social, economic, and symbolic aspects of each community.","PeriodicalId":151852,"journal":{"name":"Making “Meaning”: Precolumbian Archaeology, Art History, and the Legacy of Terence Grieder","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115029426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Shape of Place: The Lower Pecos Canyonlands as a Chicomoztoc?","authors":"C. Tate","doi":"10.52713/pgwg7974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52713/pgwg7974","url":null,"abstract":"In the classes he taught at the University of Texas at Austin, Terence Grieder insisted that while answers or “knowledge” evolve as new data are generated, a well-formulated question can lead researchers to consider a wider range of relevant evidence. In this paper, a series of questions structures an inquiry as to whether the formal similarity between the “crenellated arch” motif found in Archaic Period (c. 1700 bce - 400 ce) rock art pictographs along the Pecos and Río Grande Rivers of southwest Texas, and the 16th century Nahua (Aztec) depictions of Chicomoztoc—the “Place of Seven Caves”, a mythical place of origin—from throughout later Classic Period central Mexico, are more than mere coincidence.","PeriodicalId":151852,"journal":{"name":"Making “Meaning”: Precolumbian Archaeology, Art History, and the Legacy of Terence Grieder","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133739197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Disembodied Eye in Maya Art and Ritual Practice","authors":"Virginia E. Miller","doi":"10.52713/zadg2991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52713/zadg2991","url":null,"abstract":"The ritual use and display of skulls, digits, and femurs is well documented for the Maya and other Mesoamerican groups. But except for the heart, few sources describe how organs and soft body tissues were curated during the brief time they could have been viable for manipulation or display. Nevertheless, there is rich corpus of art demonstrating that such exhibitions must have taken place. Extruded eyeballs, often with the optic nerve still attached, form part of the iconographic complex of death and the underworld, although rarely on a monumental scale during the Classic period. From the Terminal Classic on, however, images of human sacrifice and its aftermath become more prominent and public. In the northern Maya lowlands, pendant and detached eyeballs are among the motifs represented, as adornments for humans, non-humans and structures. Crania from the Sacred Cenote of Chichén Itzá show evidence of eyeball extraction, suggesting that eyeballs were removed, presumably from sacrificial victims, and manipulated post-mortem. Did the Maya adorn themselves with the eyeballs of their enemies? Throughout Mesoamerica, vision was considered a source of power, which may explain the Classic-era practice of mutilating the face, and especially the eyes, of rulers represented in Maya sculpture and painting.","PeriodicalId":151852,"journal":{"name":"Making “Meaning”: Precolumbian Archaeology, Art History, and the Legacy of Terence Grieder","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122717816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wari and the Huaca del Sol: Max Uhle’s 1899 Textile Collection at Moche, Peru","authors":"A. Oakland","doi":"10.52713/qdmz4161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52713/qdmz4161","url":null,"abstract":"More than one hundred years ago, German archeologist Max Uhle excavated textiles and ceramics on the Huaca del Sol in the Moche Valley, Perú. This essay analyzes the textiles now housed in the Phoebe Hearst Museum of Anthropology of the University of California at Berkeley. The group is significant for the time period during the Andean Middle Horizon (600-900 CE), the variety of textile styles, and the presence of Moche textiles on the north coast of Perú where textiles are not commonly preserved. The textiles identify at least three separate traditions: a local Moche style, a hybrid highland/coastal style and a Wari associated style. The essay discusses the Huaca del Sol textiles as an opportunity to examine relations between the two important Peruvian cultures of Moche and Wari.","PeriodicalId":151852,"journal":{"name":"Making “Meaning”: Precolumbian Archaeology, Art History, and the Legacy of Terence Grieder","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121394779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Grieder’s Theory of Symbols in the Discourse of Art History","authors":"Rex Koontz","doi":"10.52713/cyid6505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52713/cyid6505","url":null,"abstract":"A theoretical essay from 1975, “The Interpretation of Ancient Symbols,” is the starting point for an investigation of Terence Grieder’s theoretical and methodological interests around that time and how they may have shaped his later work. Grieder’s interest in periodization seems to override other theoretical and methodological interests and may be the foundation for much of his later work on the problems of Chavín style both before and after the apogee of the site of Chavín de Huantar.","PeriodicalId":151852,"journal":{"name":"Making “Meaning”: Precolumbian Archaeology, Art History, and the Legacy of Terence Grieder","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121786858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Some Thoughts about Mimbres Pottery and Mortuary Customs","authors":"H. Shafer","doi":"10.52713/kwtq9486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52713/kwtq9486","url":null,"abstract":"This essay considers a broader social context for the interpretation of ancient Mimbres pottery bowls from the American Southwest. Predominately black-on-white, hemispherical Mimbres bowls recovered from Mimbres burials, constitute one of the most distinctive and popular forms of ancient pottery associated with the Ancestral Puebloan tradition of the southwest. Frequently decorated with complex geometric or highly figurative imagery, the bowls are also widely celebrated for the frequent occurrence of post-fired holes intentionally punched, pecked, or even drilled in the bottom, often referred to as “kill-holes”, and the common practice of placing inverted bowls over the heads of the deceased in Mimbres burials. Based on a collection of bowls recovered from excavations conducted at the NAN Ranch Site in southern New Mexico, the author argues that the distinct nature of Mimbres pottery can be symbolically linked to wider-spread Puebloan beliefs regarding both the function and form of Mimbres funerary practices and related architectural forms reflected in historic ethnographic studies.","PeriodicalId":151852,"journal":{"name":"Making “Meaning”: Precolumbian Archaeology, Art History, and the Legacy of Terence Grieder","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127443181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"1492 BCE: A New World of Pre-Columbian Painting","authors":"Reinaldo Morales Jr.","doi":"10.52713/ulqy5064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52713/ulqy5064","url":null,"abstract":"This essay offers an updated chronological sequence and stylistic analysis of one of the oldest dated Pre-Columbian rock art styles in the ancient Americas, the Nordeste Style centered in northeastern Brazil. Since its first publication in the 1990s, the Nordeste Style and its various sub-styles have been dated c. 8500 bce – 200 ce, but more recent and updated dating technology provides a revised chronology of the style, and a reconsideration of the relationship of the style to the broader Pre-Columbian world. The original scholarship from the 1990s championed the formal distinction and regionally limited boundaries of the style, but a more critical analysis of the formal characteristics of the style, in conjunction with the revised chronological sequence, suggest that the original Nordeste artists may in fact have participated in a hemisphere-wide artistic network, ranging as far north as the American Southwest.","PeriodicalId":151852,"journal":{"name":"Making “Meaning”: Precolumbian Archaeology, Art History, and the Legacy of Terence Grieder","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130255460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Lack of “Creativity” in Pre-Columbian Art: The Impact of Terence Grieder’s Early Scholarship on Recent Rock Art Studies","authors":"James Farmer","doi":"10.52713/yvez2354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52713/yvez2354","url":null,"abstract":"In his earliest scholarship, Terence Grieder set forth several broad-ranging concepts regarding the interpretation of ancient American art and its relationship to archeological methods of the time. Grieder was an avid proponent of the idea that virtually all documented ancient American societies shared a basic set of fundamentally similar beliefs and ideologies; that all ancient American art forms extending well into the past had always been technically, intellectually, and iconographically highly sophisticated; and as a result of these two assertions, as well as his application of strict art historical analysis, the traditional notion of “creativity” in both ancient American archaeological and art historical scholarship has undergone significant reconsideration. Employing Grieder’s 1975 “configurational/ethnographic” approach, this essay focuses on the impact of his approach on recent studies of an ancient American Archaic Period rock art style known as the Barrier Canyon Style, c. 2000 BCE, centered in modern-day Utah, and argues that specific figures depicted in this style constitute early iconographic forerunners, and possible artistic ancestors, of one of the most highly revered images in later Mesoamerican art, the ubiquitous central Mexican rain god, Tlaloc.","PeriodicalId":151852,"journal":{"name":"Making “Meaning”: Precolumbian Archaeology, Art History, and the Legacy of Terence Grieder","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121854745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}