Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants最新文献

{"title":"Development of a rapid quality assessment technique for Radix Paeoniae Alba (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) using near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics analysis","authors":"Liu Yang ,&nbsp;Zhewen Zhang ,&nbsp;Xianjie Kang ,&nbsp;Yingjie Fang ,&nbsp;Pei Ye ,&nbsp;Weifeng Du","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100582","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Radix Paeoniae</em> Alba (RPA) was subjected to a quick quality evaluation procedure using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and chemometrics. The orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) method was applied to the spectrum analysis based on SIMCA software, and a qualitative discriminant model was constructed to differentiate between the origin of RPA. Additionally, the NIR spectroscopy quantitative analysis models of gallic acid, methyl gallate, oxypaeoniflorin, catechin, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, 1,2,3,4,6-O-pentagalloylglucose, and benzoylpaeoniflorin were established by partial least squares method, with the content of components determined by HPLC serving as the reference value. To select the optimal spectroscopy pretreatment technique, the correlation coefficient R, root mean square error of calibration, root mean square error of prediction, and performance index were employed as assessment indices. The variable importance projection map was created using the OPLS-DA method to maximize the detection spectral band. The optimal number of factors was then determined using cross-validation, using the anticipated residual error sum of squares and the root mean square error of cross-validation as indicators. Ultimately, a quantitative model of the NIR spectrum was established using partial least squares with the spectral area of 9997.17 ∼ 8612.53 cm⁻¹. Standard normal variation, second derivative, and no smoothing were used as pretreatments for the spectrum. The correlation coefficients of the eight components were all over 0.99, according to the model. Rapid, stable, dependable, and free of chemical reagent usage are the characteristics of the qualitative and quantitative models created in this work, which can be applied to the quick assessment of RPA's quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100582"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High light intensity improves yield of specialized metabolites in medicinal cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.), resulting from both higher inflorescence mass and concentrations of metabolites","authors":"Wannida Sae-Tang ,&nbsp;Ep Heuvelink ,&nbsp;Céline C.S. Nicole ,&nbsp;Elias Kaiser ,&nbsp;Kjell Sneeuw ,&nbsp;Mexximiliaan M.S.F. Holweg ,&nbsp;Sabrina Carvalho ,&nbsp;Iris F. Kappers ,&nbsp;Leo F.M. Marcelis","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Medicinal cannabis (<em>Cannabis sativa</em> L.) contains various plant specialized metabolites, such as cannabinoids and terpenoids. These metabolites are mainly accumulated in inflorescences and are the primary focus of cultivation. Medicinal cannabis is often cultivated in indoor farming with electrical light, which allows for light intensities to optimize quantity and quality of production. Although it is known that an increase in light intensity results in increased inflorescence yield in cannabis, its impact on specialized metabolites remains unclear. We aim to quantify the effects of light intensity on the yield of specialized metabolites, and to elucidate which plant traits explain these effects, using a yield component analysis. Hereto, we conducted an experiment in a climate-controlled chamber using broad-band white LEDs at three light intensities: 600, 800, and 1000 µmol m⁻² s⁻¹ photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), applied during the generative phase (8 weeks with a 12-h photoperiod) in cannabis cv. ‘Critical CBD’. Yield of specialized metabolites, including cannabinoids and terpenoids, strongly increased with increasing PPFD due to increases in both their concentrations and inflorescence yield. The inflorescence yield showed a proportional increase with PPFD, resulting in a constant light use efficiency. The higher inflorescence dry mass was mainly caused by an increase in total plant dry matter production, and to a lesser extent a larger fraction of dry mass partitioned to the inflorescences. Leaf photosynthesis was higher for plants grown at higher PPFD. This study shows that cannabis can use very high light intensity, resulting in high yield of specialized metabolites due to high inflorescence mass and metabolite concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100583"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142424685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenological growth stages of Dendrobium moniliforme (L.) Sw. according to the extended BBCH scale","authors":"Huilin Zhu ,&nbsp;Xu Liu ,&nbsp;Lina Xu,&nbsp;Liyong Sun,&nbsp;Yao Chen,&nbsp;Tangjie Nie,&nbsp;Zengfang Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Dendrobium moniliforme</em> (L.) Sw. is a rare and endangered epiphyte plant of Orchidaceae with significant medicinal and ornamental value in China. It is necessary to use artificial cultivation to protect the wild resources because of its difficulty to survive in the wild. To date, more and more researchers have paid attention to the importance of phenology in stem development, flowering, pollination and fruiting of <em>Dendrobium</em>, but no specific and detailed phenological scale was set. Based on the extended BBCH scale, we used morphological and anatomical techniques to observe and record the growth and development characteristics of <em>D. moniliforme</em>. As a perennial herb, the growth process was divided into juvenile period and adult period. The juvenile period can be divided into two phases: seed germination (0) and seedling morphogenesis. Four stages are composed of the seedling morphogenesis, i.e. leaf development (1), formation of side shoots (2), stem (protocorm) elongation (3) and adventitious root formation (4). The adult period can be divided into vegetative growth and reproductive growth phases. Vegetative growth phases include bud development (0), leaf development (1), shoot development (3), root development (4) and dormancy (9). The reproductive growth phases include inflorescence emergence (5), flowering (6), development of fruit (7) and ripening of fruit and seed (8). For the entire growth and development process of <em>D. moniliforme</em>, 74 secondary growth stages were further coded and described. Additionally, the time series of different development stages in the annual growth cycle were discussed. This extended BBCH scale may provide guidance for the production and management practices of <em>D. moniliforme</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100578"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142311155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-environment evaluation of Clary sage (Salvia sclarea L.) selections for yield and essential oil traits under Western Himalayan conditions","authors":"Ajay Kumar ,&nbsp;Romika Thakur ,&nbsp;Rahul Dev Gautam ,&nbsp;Ramesh Chauhan ,&nbsp;Dinesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Ashok Kumar ,&nbsp;Satbeer Singh ,&nbsp;Sanatsujat Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Clary sage is an important aromatic herb that has a high potential for commercial cultivation under the diversified climates of the Western Himalayas. The present study was carried out to understand the performance of genotypes and their interaction with the varied environments prevalent in the Western Himalayas and to identify stable and best-performing genotypes. In the present experiment, ten superior selections were evaluated in four different environments as multi-location trials in a randomized block design with three replications during 2021 and 2022. The pooled analysis of variance revealed significant variations for genotypes, environments, and genotype × environment interaction for all the studied traits. The highest mean performance suggests that Env-1 has the most suitable conditions for clary sage cultivation. The genotypes CSIR-IHBT-SS-07 and CSIR-IHBT-SS-09 were found to be the best performers for fresh inflorescence weight (418.73 g/plant) and essential oil content (428.91 mg/Kg), respectively. The results of Eberhart and Russell’s regression-based model confirm that the genotype CSIR-IHBT-SS-07 is a stable and superior genotype for the economically important traits. Further, the gas-chromatography mass spectroscopic characterization of essential oil disclosed that CSIR-IHBT-SS-07 was unique in terms of the highest sclareol content (23.39–45.17 %) across all the test environments. Genotype + Genotype × Environment biplot analysis confirmed that all the test environments form a single mega-environment. The study is a pioneer in unraveling the stability response of clary sage in Western Himalaya and provides a strong base for the identification of superior genotypes and selection strategy for future genetic improvement programs of clary sage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100579"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142272259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-emergence herbicide selection for successful cultivation of black seed (Nigella sativa L.), psyllium (Plantago ovata Forsk), and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)","authors":"Muhammad Zia Ul Haq ,&nbsp;Saira Shafiq ,&nbsp;Muhammad Zia Ul Mohsin ,&nbsp;Majid Ali ,&nbsp;Abdul Khaliq ,&nbsp;Rana Nadeem Abbas ,&nbsp;Muhammad Zafar Iqbal ,&nbsp;Amar Matloob","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Weed control in black seed, psyllium, and quinoa is of huge importance for successfully cultivating and adapting these medicinal and nutritious crops. The recent study was designed to evaluate the pre-emergence herbicides (S-metolachlor and pendimethalin) for their possible application in these crops. The study consisted of three experiments on each crop for two years (2020–21, 2021–22). In each experiment, herbicides and their incremental doses (0 %, 25 %, 50 %, 75 %, and 100 % of recommended label dose) were applied under a randomized complete block design under the factorial arrangement. Data on weed dynamics, crop agronomic, and yield attributes were collected. Results revealed that the weed control efficiency of both herbicides ranged from ∼60–80 %. Crops, on the other hand, varied in their tolerance to both herbicides. Pendimethalin proved to be more detrimental for all the crops. Dose-response curves showed the crop tolerance to pendimethalin and can be ranked as black seed&gt;psyllium and quinoa. Contrastingly, all the crops showed tolerance to the incremental dose of S-metolachlor. Crops tolerance to S-metolachlor can be ranked as black seed&gt;quinoa&gt;psyllium as per their respective Ed₅₀ values. The study concluded that pendimethalin use in these crops should be avoided. However, S-metolachlor can be employed as a pre-emergence herbicide in the cultivation of black seed, psyllium, and quinoa at the recommended label dose.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100576"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of Origanum onites L. using an industrial-type microwave-assisted distillation (MWAD) system: Increasing energy saving and essential oil yield compared to conventional steam distillation","authors":"Abdullah Genc","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Oregano species are commonly utilized for different medical purposes as well as for other essential oil products. One of the oregano species, <em>Origanum onites</em> L. has a dense natural distribution in the Aegean and Mediterranean regions of Turkey and Greece and is cultivated mainly in Denizli province. Turkey meets 80 % of the world's oregano market. Since <em>Origanum onites</em> L., whose essential oils are of high quality, has a high economic value, assessing the quality and production of essential oils extracted using various methods is important. Microwave-assisted distillation (MWAD) processes are generally carried out under laboratory conditions using clevenger or small-scale specialized instruments made for research in the lab. Thus, designing industrial-scale distillation systems with microwave power is necessary. For this reason, an industrial-type MWAD system with 12 magnetrons (power output of 1 kW) was developed in this work, and both conventional steam distillation (SD) and MWAD of oregano plant were realized, as a novelty. This study experimentally investigated the effects of microwave power and applied time on both energy saving (%) and essential oil yield (%). System was designed to distill 9 kg of dried plants chopped at once and the results obtained were used to obtain reference data for MWAD systems that can be used in industrial systems. The obtained essential oil samples were subjected to GC-MS analysis for chemical analysis. A statistical analysis of the experimental data was performed via Design Expert software to elucidate the impact of microwave power and time on essential oil yield and energy savings. When the results were evaluated, the essential oil yield of oregano plant increased by 4–22 % with the MWAD system compared to SD. The highest increase in yield was achieved with the test (500 W + 40 min). Also, the distillation time with MWAD system was 50 % shorter than with SD system. The MWAD system consumed at least 25 % less energy. According to the GC-MS analysis results, carvacrol increased steadily depending on the time applied microwave power as well as oxygenated monoterpenes. The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from the proposed MWAD system did not show any incompatible value according to the ISO-7925 standard. As a result, this proposed method can be safely used in industrial systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100575"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biotic stress nexus: Integrating various physiological processes in medicinal and aromatic plants","authors":"Kuldeepsingh A. Kalariya ,&nbsp;Ravina R. Mevada ,&nbsp;Ram Prasnna Meena ,&nbsp;Manish Das","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100574","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) from natural habitat have been integral to both traditional and modern medicine systems for their healing properties in curing various diseases and disorders of mankind. At the same time, cultivation of these crops has also become alternative source of income for farmers by providing raw materials to pharmaceuticals. Like other crops, MAPs also have to face various abiotic and biotic stresses leading to compromised yield and quality. Biotic stresses, encompassing diseases, nematodes, pests and parasitic flowering plants can directly or indirectly impact MAPs by altering their fundamental physiological processes leading to symptoms like leaf necrosis, chlorosis, tissue rotting, leaf spot, wilting, foliage defoliation, root damage, &lt;em&gt;etc&lt;/em&gt;. In this review article, plausible explanations regarding physiology of stressed plants and its defense mechanisms including primary and secondary metabolism are presented. The research on source-stressor interactions in food crops is well-established as well as compiled and reviewed but there is a lack of comprehensive compilation in the context of MAPs. Therefore, this review is vital for exploring the mechanisms and physiological alterations in MAPs under biotic stress conditions. Plants, under attack of stressors respond with hypersensitive reactions (HRs), modifying cell wall properties, such as altered cell walls, chloroplast damage, changed chlorophyll content, altered stomatal behaviour causing change in gaseous exchange capacities, reformed enzyme activity and gene expression, leading to reduced photosynthesis and increased respiration. Along with this, nutrient assimilation and its translocation are adversely affected leading to compromised biomass production of the host plant. Additionally, the disruption in the balanced distribution of photosynthates between source-sink tissues leads to increased sugar utilization for defense, making the primary metabolism more complex in plant’s responses to these stressors. The compromised carbon fixation through primary metabolism diverts light energy towards secondary metabolism and results in increased secondary metabolites (SMs) production. SMs also get elevated as a part of host defense mechanism under mild stress conditions without significantly impacting the plant growth. However, in severe stress conditions, these improvement in quality cannot compensate the deviation in biological yield. Notably, in case of MAPs, the simulated application of biotic elicitors can also amplify SMs production, ultimately enhancing the plant's inherent qualities. Therefore, the secondary metabolism is of utmost importance in MAPs. In this review, we have compiled the scattered information and simplified the understanding of alterations in various physiological processes including primary and secondary metabolism, changes in biochemical attributes and gene expression profiles in MAPs during biotic stress situations. An extensive ","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100574"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142150841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of seed pre-treatment and storage on germination and physiological characteristics of seeds of common mullein (Verbascum thapsus L.)","authors":"Vivek Kumar ,&nbsp;Shashi Sharma ,&nbsp;Rajender K. Sharma ,&nbsp;Vijay Kumar ,&nbsp;Shanti S. Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We report the seed germination and associated metabolic responses of differentially stored seeds of <em>Verbascum thapsus</em> L. (Scrophulariaceae), an economically and medicinally important herb from the cold desert region of Lahaul (Himachal Pradesh, India) in trans Himalaya, to certain physico-chemical and GA₃ treatments. The freshly harvested seeds of <em>V. thapsus</em> exhibited high (96 %) viability but low germination (55 %). During the storage of seeds under ambient conditions, viability did not change until 1-year but declined progressively thereafter showing a 33 % decline in 4-year stored seeds. The seed germination was promoted to varying extents by acid scarification (AS), SNP (sodium nitroprusside), SHC (sodium hypochlorite) and GA₃ pre-treatments. Storage-dependent changes in seed germination performance and responsiveness to different effectors were evident. Germination performance improved significantly due to 1-year storage followed by a sharp decline subsequently. The responsiveness of seeds to various treatments tended to be higher in seeds stored for ≥2 years. The changes in germination were paralleled by those in α-amylase activity in seeds. Lipid peroxidation generally increased during storage that was paralleled by a gradual decline in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and phenolic contents. Catalase (CAT) activity increased transiently in 1-year stored seeds and declined thereafter. Data are expected to have implications for multiplication and cultivation of <em>V. thapsus</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100573"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142150842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification of SSR markers for Curcuma alismatifolia Gagnep., and their potential for wider application in this genus","authors":"Yuanjun Ye ,&nbsp;Jianjun Tan ,&nbsp;Jingyi Lin ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Genfa Zhu ,&nbsp;Chengrong Nie ,&nbsp;Lishan Huang ,&nbsp;Yiwei Zhou ,&nbsp;Yechun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The genus <em>Curcuma</em>, containing over 120 species, have considerable ornamental, edible and medicinal value. Due to the persistent lack of efficient genomic SSR markers, the conservation and identification of <em>Curcuma</em> genetic resources have faced substantial challenges in practical applications. To date, there are few systematic researches on whole-genome mining of SSR locus in the genus <em>Curcuma</em>. Herein, we performed the first deep identification of genome-wide SSR markers based on the whole-genome data of <em>C. alismatifolia.</em> A total of 257,032 SSR loci were identified with an average density of 216.1–367.3 SSRs/Mb within each chromosome. Mononucleotide repeat loci were most abundant, accounting for 55.1 % of all SSRs, with dinucleotide and trinucleotide repeats accounting for 22.6 % and 20.3 %, respectively. Moreover, 38 polymorphic genomic SSRs (g-SSR) were screened from the synthesized 280 primer pairs, with an average allele number (<em>Na</em>) and polymorphic information content (PIC) of 15.342 and 0.775 per locus, respectively. These markers had excellent cross-species transferability with an overall efficiency of 97.5 % in 21 <em>Curcuma</em> species. According to the cluster and structure analyses, the 178 <em>Curcuma</em> accessions were devided into three major clades correspongding to their origins, hybrid affinities and use values. Finally, a total of 66 <em>Curcuma</em> core collections were preserved, with no significant difference in genetic diversity between the core and entire collections by the <em>t</em>-test. A combination of numbers and letters was employed to establish DNA barcodes for 66 core collections. This study provides valuable molecular markers for wild-collection and conservation, genetic diversity analysis and marker-assisted selection breeding of <em>Curcuma</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100572"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142021342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting the accumulation and variation of volatile and non-volatile constituents in rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis L.","authors":"Hamdoon A. Mohammed ,&nbsp;Ghassan M. Sulaiman ,&nbsp;Riaz A. Khan ,&nbsp;Mohammed A. Amin ,&nbsp;Salim Albukhaty ,&nbsp;Fatma A. Elshibani ,&nbsp;Suliman A. Almahmoud ,&nbsp;Hayder M. Al-kuraishy","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plants have played important and essential roles in treatment of various diseases and have invigorated the discovery of newer medicines. The secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, saponins, and anthraquinones have generally been considered responsible for the medicinal plants' several biological activities and therapeutic applications. Variations in the secondary metabolites structures and their natural abundance in medicinal plants are major reasons behind their differing in biological activities, which are affected by several external and intrinsic factors, including environmental conditions, the maturation stage of the plant, and process of plant’s material preparation and extraction. The current review discusses the factors affecting secondary metabolites’ structural variations and accumulations in the plants. Rosemary, <em>Salvia rosmarinus,</em> or <em>Rosmarinus officinalis</em> L., served as a representative example. The rosemary herb contains two main categories of secondary metabolites; volatiles as essential oil, and non-volatile constituents, which is primarily composed of polyphenolics. These two categories of plant products play pivotal role in plant’s chemo-diversity, biological activity, and their applications in traditional system of medicine by various societies in different regions of the world. The rosemary plant's industrial applications, which are mostly attributed to its volatile constituents, and the famed, prominent antioxidant activity is correlated to its polyphenolic constituents. Hence, rosemary was selected as a candidate medicinal plant to study the factors influencing the constituents variations and their involvement in the bioactivity and efficacy of the plant. Environmental variants of humidity, drought, soil salinity, the intrinsic factor of maturation stage of the plant, and the techniques of harvested plant materials’ drying, and extraction have been reported as major factors affecting the variations in quality and quantity of the plant’s constituents. The volatile oil constituents of rosemary herbs were observed to be more sensitive to environmental conditions and plant material’s preparative methods, as compared to the non-volatile constituents of the plant. This review's contents and conclusive suggestions can be suitable to most of the aromatic and medicinal plants that are grown in different climatic zones under varied environmental conditions for obtaining the plants-based, economically-valuable products for the industrial and market use.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100571"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142044876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}