Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Multifocal Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Malayan Wreathed Hornbill (<i>Rhyticeros undulatus</i>).","authors":"Maya L Iyer, David Sanchez-Migallon Guzman, Mariana Sosa-Higareda, Danielle K Tarbert, Ehren McLarty, Alex Herman, Charles E Alex","doi":"10.1647/23-00020","DOIUrl":"10.1647/23-00020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 30-year-old female intact Malayan wreathed hornbill (<i>Rhyticeros undulatus</i>) was presented for presumed nesting behavior, progressive anorexia, dropping food, and coelomic distension. A complete blood count and plasma biochemistry analysis revealed marked inflammation, severe electrolyte abnormalities, elevated liver enzyme activities and bile acids, and normal plasma iron concentrations. Radiographic images of the patient were consistent with hepatomegaly and loss of serosal detail in the coelomic cavity. A computed tomography study revealed multiple poorly contrast-enhancing hepatic nodules, hepatoperitoneal and intestinal peritoneal fluid and gas, and a contrast-enhancing mass in the ventral coelom. Cytologic samples of the liver were consistent with necrosis, and the coelomic effusion was characterized as an aseptic suppurative exudate. An exploratory coeliotomy was performed and biopsy samples of the liver and a mesenteric mass were histologically interpreted as a tubular carcinoma with metastasis to the liver and secondary portal hepatitis. Euthanasia was elected and multiple liver masses and a peripancreatic mass were identified on necropsy. Histopathological samples collected during the postmortem gross examination showed multiple well-demarcated hepatic masses consisting of neoplastic hepatocytes encapsulated by fibrous tissue and proliferation of dysplastic biliary ductules, as well as a peripancreatic heterophilic granuloma with adjacent pancreatic atrophy and ductular proliferation. Ultimately, the patient was diagnosed with multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic granulomatous and heterophilic pancreatitis, steatitis, and coelomitis with intralesional bacteria. Malignant hepatobiliary neoplasia has been poorly documented in hornbills despite high anecdotal incidence in this and other avian species predisposed to iron storage disease. This report illustrates clinical and pathological information, including advanced imaging, which could aid in the diagnosis of this condition in hornbills and other avian species.</p>","PeriodicalId":15102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","volume":"37 4","pages":"321-329"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139741121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antemortem Diagnosis and Successful Long-term Management of Disseminated Intracoelomic Xanthogranulomatous Disease in an Eclectus Parrot (<i>Eclectus roratus</i>).","authors":"Neta Ambar, Christoph Mans, David J Gasper","doi":"10.1647/2023-0013","DOIUrl":"10.1647/2023-0013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 12-year-old male eclectus parrot (<i>Eclectus roratus</i>) was referred for evaluation of coelomic distention. Computed tomography and blood work revealed coelomic effusion with free coelomic mineral-attenuating material and elevations in the bile acids and aspartate aminotransferase activity, respectively. Coelomic effusion was consistent with macrophagic inflammation with abundant intracellular lipids. Initial treatment with meloxicam resulted in minimal patient improvement. Disseminated xanthogranulomatous inflammation was suspected based on imaging and diagnostic laboratory results, which were consistent with those previously reported. Biopsy samples of liver tissue and intracoelomic masses confirmed this diagnosis. Treatment was initiated with prednisolone 1 mg/kg/d for 6 months, followed by 0.5 mg/kg/d for 3 months. Clinical improvement was assessed based on owner evaluation, plasma bile acid concentrations, and repeated computed tomographic scans. After 2 months of treatment, the owner reported improved behavior and appetite; this persisted throughout treatment and when the bird was reexamined 17 months following the cessation of steroid therapy. Bile acid concentrations were normal 10 months after the prednisolone therapy was discontinued. Diagnostic imaging showed minimal coelomic effusion 10 months after the last prednisolone dose was administered, with improved ventilation of the air sacs and static to improved dystrophic mineral foci. This report describes the antemortem diagnosis and treatment of disseminated coelomic xanthogranulomatous disease in a psittacine species, with an observed measurable therapeutic response.</p>","PeriodicalId":15102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","volume":"37 4","pages":"330-338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139741118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of a Renal Cyst Causing Unilateral Lameness in a Golden Eagle (<i>Aquila chrysaetos</i>).","authors":"Hannah Attarian, Stephanie K Lamb, Anthony Pilny","doi":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-23-00010","DOIUrl":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-23-00010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This report describes the diagnosis and treatment of a benign renal cyst in an adult, female golden eagle (<i>Aquila chrysaetos</i>) presented for unilateral leg lameness. A cyst at the cranial division of the left kidney was diagnosed by computed tomography and was suspected of compressing the lumbosacral nerve plexus, resulting in limb lameness. The renal cyst was incompletely excised because the cyst wall was closely adhered to the kidney parenchyma and local blood supply. Fluid analysis and surgical biopsy of the cyst and left kidney confirmed the diagnosis of a benign renal cyst. No evidence of an infectious, inflammatory, or neoplastic etiology was noted. Postoperatively, the eagle's lameness resolved and the bird was ultimately released following recovery. During treatment for the renal cyst, the eagle was concurrently found to have increased serum titers on elementary body agglutination for <i>Chlamydia psittaci</i> and a positive titer for <i>Aspergillus</i> species antibody testing. The bird was administered doxycycline, azithromycin, and voriconazole for treatment of these potential pathogens prior to release. Unfortunately, the eagle was found dead 86 days postrelease due to an unknown cause. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of a golden eagle with a benign solitary renal cyst causing unilateral lameness secondary to nerve compression that was resolved with surgical excision.</p>","PeriodicalId":15102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","volume":"37 4","pages":"339-346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139741119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Is Your Diagnosis?","authors":"Tithipong Plangsangmas, Javier G Nevarez, Shannon Dehghanpir, Victoria Van, Thomas N Tully","doi":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-23-00048","DOIUrl":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-23-00048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","volume":"37 4","pages":"348-353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139741123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Another Year in the Books...and Plans for 2024.","authors":"Mark A Mitchell, Thomas N Tully, Michelle Hawkins","doi":"10.1647/1082-6742-37.4.295","DOIUrl":"10.1647/1082-6742-37.4.295","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","volume":"37 4","pages":"295-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139741117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Publisher's Statement","authors":"","doi":"10.1647/1082-6742-37.3.fmii","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1647/1082-6742-37.3.fmii","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","volume":"93 25","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135092245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selected Abstracts From the Literature","authors":"","doi":"10.1647/1082-6742-37.3.288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1647/1082-6742-37.3.288","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","volume":"109 23","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135138428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery Masthead","authors":"","doi":"10.1647/1082-6742-37.3.fmi","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1647/1082-6742-37.3.fmi","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","volume":"110 36","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135137515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin on Blood Lipids in Quaker Parrots (<i>Myiopsitta monachus</i>).","authors":"Hugues Beaufrère, Trinita Barboza, Alysha Burnett, Ken D Stark, R Darren Wood","doi":"10.1647/22-00014","DOIUrl":"10.1647/22-00014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Statin drugs are the most effective class of hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic drugs, with atorvastatin and rosuvastatin being the most effective. While the use of statins would be a tremendous asset in the treatment of dyslipidemia and lipid-accumulation disorders in birds, there are only limited data available regarding their use and effectiveness in psittacine species. Two consecutive randomized crossover trials on Quaker parrots (<i>Myiopsitta monachus</i>) were performed to study the effect of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin. Ten birds were used in an initial balanced crossover experiment with 5 oral treatments (control; atorvastatin 10 mg/kg q12h and q24h; rosuvastatin 10 mg/kg q12h and q24h) for 2 weeks each. Plasma lipidomics and lipoprotein profiling were performed after each treatment. Twelve birds were used in a second experiment consisting of 2 parallel crossover studies, each with 6 birds either fed their regular diet or a 0.3% cholesterol diet. In the 2 parallel crossover studies, the treatment group was administered atorvastatin 20 mg/kg orally q12h and the control group a placebo suspension orally q12h. Plasma lipidomics, lipoprotein profiles, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase activity were subsequently measured. Results were analyzed with serial linear mixed models and trends were assessed graphically. No statistically significant effect of any statin treatment was detected on plasma lipids, lipoproteins, creatinine kinase, or HMG-CoA reductase activity. In the first trial, all the rosuvastatin treatments led to some nonsignificant decreases in several triacylglycerol species, while in the second trial this was only observed in the birds on atorvastatin 20 mg/kg q12h being fed their regular diet. Quaker parrots may require much higher doses of statin drugs to show significant and clinically useful lipid-lowering effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":15102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","volume":"37 3","pages":"199-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92154415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey of the Clinical, Cytological, and Histopathological Features Associated with Neoplasms in Captive Avian Species in Melbourne, Australia.","authors":"Michelle Sutherland, Kathy Luk, Natalie Courtman, Richard Ploeg","doi":"10.1647/20-00056","DOIUrl":"10.1647/20-00056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over a 3.5-year period, tissue samples from 141 companion and aviary birds with clinically suspected, naturally occurring solid neoplasms were collected via surgical biopsy (n = 53) or at necropsy examination (n = 88) from a population of birds presenting to an avian veterinary clinic in Melbourne, Australia. Neoplastic processes were identified in 73.7% (n = 104) of samples, with 83.7% (n = 87) being interpreted as malignant neoplasia and 16.3% (n = 17) being interpreted as benign neoplasia. The overall estimated prevalence of neoplasia in the study population (n = 5125) was 2.45% (95% confidence interval, 2-2.97%). The gastrointestinal and reproductive tracts were the most commonly affected systems. The most common presenting signs were nonspecific and included lethargy, coelomic distension, and inappetence. In 59 cases, fine-needle aspirates (FNAs) and impression smears were also obtained and evaluated cytologically. The accuracy of cytology for detecting neoplasia in birds and for determining whether a neoplastic process was benign or malignant was assessed by using histopathology as the \"gold standard.\" There was complete agreement between the cytological and histopathological diagnoses in 72.8% (43/59) of cases. Cytology correctly identified 87.5% of these cases (35/40) as malignant neoplasms and 55.6% (5/9) as benign processes. There was no significant difference between the use of cytology and histopathology for the detection of malignant neoplasia in birds (<i>P</i> = 0.185). The accuracies of FNAs and impression smears for examining avian tumors were also compared. Overall, the best cell preservation was obtained by performing impression smears from tissues, with 62.2% (n = 28) returning high cellularity for cytological examination, compared to 53.8% (n = 14) when samples were obtained by FNA. This study provides an overview of the types and prevalence of neoplasms in a captive bird population from Australia, correlates physical examination findings with tumor types, and provides evidence that cytology is a reliable preliminary diagnostic tool for detecting neoplasia in birds.</p>","PeriodicalId":15102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","volume":"37 3","pages":"243-265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92154420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}