Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Detection of Herpesviruses in Cockatoos (<i>Cacatuidae</i>) in Europe.","authors":"Cornelia Konicek, Alexandra Scope, Christoph Leineweber, Ellen Schöner, Rachel E Marschang","doi":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-24-00036","DOIUrl":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-24-00036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Avian herpesviruses, including psittacid herpesvirus 1 (PsHV1; <i>Iltovirus psittacidalpha1</i>), are of particular concern in avian collections because they can lead to severe disease with high mortality. In recent years, distinct novel avian alphaherpesviruses were detected in wild cockatoos originating from Victoria, Australia. These were further characterized as cacatuid herpesvirus 1 (CaHV1) and cacatuid herpesvirus 2 (CaHV2). The cockatoos affected by these viruses exhibited severe signs of disease attributed to concurrent infections with other pathogenic agents. The clinical significance of these novel herpesviruses remains unknown, and no information on the pathogenicity and prevalence of these viruses is available. During routine diagnostic testing, 2 clinically healthy pet sulphur-crested cockatoos (<i>Cacatua galerita</i>) from Vienna, Austria, tested positive for a CaHV. To gain more information on the prevalence of this virus in cockatoos kept in Europe, a retrospective evaluation of samples from cockatoos submitted to a European diagnostic laboratory between 2016 and 2023 was initiated. In total, 468 samples from cockatoos were evaluated. Herpesviruses were detected in 16 (3.4%, 95% confidence interval: 1.8-5.1) samples. Fourteen of the positive samples were further screened, 13 were most closely related to the previously described CaHVs, and 1 was psittacid herpesvirus 1. Phylogenetic analysis of amino acid sequences from 11 of the detected herpesviruses showed that 5 were identical to CaHV1, 2 were distinct but closely related to CaHV1, and 3 were identical to one another and clustered with CaHV1 and CaHV2 but on a separate branch. Due to the lack of further information from these positive tested cockatoos, the clinical importance of these viruses remains unknown.</p>","PeriodicalId":15102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","volume":"39 2","pages":"96-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiographic Cardiac Silhouette Evaluation of Healthy Texas A&M White Quail (<i>Coturnix</i> sp.).","authors":"Rahime Yaygingul, Pelin Gumrukcu, Ahmet Gursel, Evrim Dereli Fidan","doi":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-24-00006","DOIUrl":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-24-00006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to determine reference values for the width and length of the heart of Texas A&M white quail (<i>Coturnix</i> genotype; meat-type white quail) in relation to other anatomic landmarks. The cardiac silhouettes of 24 Texas A&M white quail were measured in ventrodorsal and right laterolateral projections using radiographic images without sedation. Cardiac width, thoracic width, coracoid width, distance between the third and fourth ribs, synsacrum width, and distance between clavicles were evaluated on ventrodorsal radiographic images. The widest point of the heart, length of the heart from the height of the aorta and pulmonary artery to the apex, length of the sternum from the insertion of the coracoid to the caudal edge, and depth of the sternum (90° from the junction of the coracoid to the sternum) were analyzed on the right lateral radiographic images. The mean ± SD cardiac width in the 24 Texas A&M white quail was 13.44 ± 1.99 mm with lower and upper limits of 10.1 mm and 18.41 mm, respectively. The results showed a strongly significant correlation between the ratio of cardiac width/thoracic width (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and cardiac width/coracoid width (<i>P</i> = 0.003). The radiographic reference intervals calculated in this study, especially thoracic widths, can be used in the evaluation process of cardiac size in quail.</p>","PeriodicalId":15102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","volume":"39 2","pages":"103-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Echocardiographic and Radiographic Parameters in 20 Lesser Flamingos (<i>Phoeniconaias minor</i>).","authors":"Taylor J Willis, Anne Burgdorf-Moisuk, Maren Connolly, Jan Raines, Cameron Ratliff, Kevin Render","doi":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-24-00007","DOIUrl":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-24-00007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The establishment of reference cardiologic parameters has gained importance in recent years due to an increased recognition of the role cardiovascular disease plays in avian morbidity and mortality. However, baseline cardiac parameters for lesser flamingos (<i>Phoeniconaias minor</i>) have yet to be fully evaluated. This study was performed to evaluate and generate baseline cardiac measurements for lesser flamingos. Echocardiographs and radiographs were opportunistically performed on 23 unsedated lesser flamingos (13 males, 10 females). All birds were manually restrained for cardiac evaluation, and echocardiographic dimensions, functional indices, and radiographic images were collected. Cardiocoelomic width ratios were determined via radiographic measurements when positioning was deemed adequate. Reference materials were established for aortic velocity, left ventricular diastolic length, left ventricular systolic length, left ventricular width in end-diastole, left ventricular width in end-systole, fractional shortening percentage, cardiac silhouette width, thoracic width, and cardiocoelomic ratio. The mean ± SD was calculated for each parameter: aortic velocity (0.8 0.27 m/s), left ventricular diastolic length (25.2 4.20 mm), left ventricular systolic length (17.8 4.64 mm), left ventricular width in end-diastole (8.9 15.4 mm), left ventricular width in end-systole (6.8 1.61 mm), fractional shortening percentage (29.4 9.11%), cardiac silhouette width (34.8 2.69 mm), thoracic width (67.3 4.91 mm), and cardiocoelomic ratio (51.7 4.02%). No significant associations (all <i>P</i> > 0.05) were noted for the echocardiographic dimensions, functional indices, or cardiocoelomic width ratios by age or sex. However, significant associations (all <i>P</i> < 0.05) were observed with body weight. Cardiac pathology was detected in 3 individuals; thus, these birds were excluded from the final results (n = 20 animals; 12 males, 8 females). While this study provides baseline parameters for lesser flamingos, owing to the limited number of individuals, further cardiac evaluation of this population is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":15102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","volume":"39 2","pages":"82-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of 3 Leukogram Determination Methods in Avian Species: Phloxine B Stain, Blood Smear, and an Automated Analyzer.","authors":"Yasmeen Prud'homme, Fanny Chapelin, Guy Fitzgerald, Stéphane Lair, Christian Bédard, Guy Beauchamp, Marion R Desmarchelier","doi":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-24-00034","DOIUrl":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-24-00034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Because avian blood cells are nucleated, most automated methods used in mammalian species for total white blood cell (WBC) counts and differentials are considered inaccurate. Therefore, manual methods are routinely used in birds, although this could result in variations in methods across laboratories. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare 3 methods of avian leukogram determination: a commercial phloxine B stain method (PB), estimation from a blood smear (EBS), and an automated analyzer (Cell Dyn 3500, [CD]). Leukograms from 23 avian blood samples were compared using these methods. All samples were evaluated once by 4 observers to assess the repeatability and precision of the manual methods (PB and EBS). Analyses with the CD method were repeated 5 times on 3 samples to evaluate repeatability. The WBC counts and differentials obtained with CD were compared to the 2 other methods by calculating intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Agreement between WBC counts from EBS and PB and between CD and PB was assessed with Bland-Altman plots. Results based on the CD analyzer correlated poorly with the other methods. When compared with the EBS method, ICCs ranged from 0-4.3% for heterophils, 0-12% for lymphocytes, 0-23.4% for monocytes, and were equal to 0% for eosinophils. When comparing the CD with PB, ICCs for WBC counts ranged from 85.9-91.5% among observers. High interobserver agreement was seen for the leukograms obtained with EBS (ICC = 92.9%). A good agreement was noted between EBS and PB for WBC counts (ICC = 69.5-81.3%). Bland Altman plots indicated good agreement for WBC counts between EBS and PB (slope <i>P</i> value = 0.52) and CD and PB (slope <i>P</i> value = 0.13). Although less precise than PB, EBS proved to be clinically useful and was both time and cost-efficient. The CD method does not seem adapted for avian leukocyte differentials.</p>","PeriodicalId":15102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","volume":"39 2","pages":"88-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood Plasma Mineral Concentrations in Captive Lesser Flamingos (<i>Phoeniconaias minor</i>) of a German Zoological Collection.","authors":"Christoph Leineweber, Lukas Reese, Marco Roller, Rachel E Marschang","doi":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-24-00055","DOIUrl":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-24-00055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lesser flamingos (<i>Phoeniconaias minor</i>) are a common species in zoological collections; however, little is known about their plasma mineral concentrations. For this reason, plasma concentrations of selected minerals (calcium, cobalt, copper, iodine, iron, potassium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, sodium, inorganic phosphorus, selenium, and zinc) were measured in lesser flamingos (n = 84) from a zoological collection after the breeding season and before their molt. Differences between sexes were only found for cobalt, which was significantly (<i>P</i> = 0.004) lower in female flamingos. Significant positive correlations between the plasma mineral concentration and the age of the individuals were found for copper (r = 0.36, <i>P</i> = 0.001) and zinc (r = 0.27, <i>P</i> = 0.014), while negative correlations were found for iodine (r = -0.30, <i>P</i> = 0.006) and selenium (r = -0.24, <i>P</i> = 0.030). The results showed that the sex of the flamingos had a limited effect on the plasma mineral concentrations after the breeding season. The age of the individual influenced some minerals, although all flamingos were fed the same diet. Mineral concentrations in the blood reflect the current intake and the minerals currently circulating in the body.</p>","PeriodicalId":15102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","volume":"39 2","pages":"75-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Capromorelin, Mirtazapine, and Cyproheptadine on Food Intake in Budgerigars (<i>Melopsittacus undulatus</i>).","authors":"Caroline Titel, Grayson Doss, Christoph Mans","doi":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-24-00031","DOIUrl":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-24-00031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>These studies aimed to evaluate the appetite-stimulating effects of capromorelin, cyproheptadine, and mirtazapine in budgerigars (<i>Melopsittacus undulatus</i>). The effects of a single oral dose of capromorelin (10 and 40 mg/kg), cyproheptadine (0.5 and 2.5 mg/kg), and mirtazapine (1 and 5 mg/kg) on food intake in budgerigars (n = 12 per study) were evaluated in 3 separate blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled complete crossover studies. Food intake was quantified in hourly intervals between 1 and 8 hours after administration and in a 4-hour interval between 8 and 12 hours. Both doses of capromorelin significantly increased mean food intake in the first 12 hours after administration (10 mg/kg: 66 ± 39 g/kg; 40 mg/kg: 71 ± 40 g/kg) compared with the control treatment (46 ± 30 g/kg). Administration at 10 and 40 mg/kg capromorelin resulted in a 1.5-fold increase (interval: 0.4-9) and 1.7-fold increase (interval: 0.7-5.5) in food intake, respectively. Productive and nonproductive regurgitation after administration of capromorelin at 40 mg/kg occurred in 92% of birds within 1 hour of administration, compared with 42% of birds and 25% of birds who regurgitated in the 10 mg/kg and control treatments, respectively. Cyproheptadine and mirtazapine did not have a measurable appetite-stimulating effect in this study, and no significant adverse effects were recorded.</p>","PeriodicalId":15102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","volume":"39 2","pages":"68-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical Management of a Cervical Thymoma by Radiation Therapy in an Indian Ringneck Parakeet (<i>Psittacula krameri</i>).","authors":"Jacobo Romano Noriega, Katherine E Quesenberry, Rachel S St-Vincent, Taryn A Donovan","doi":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-24-00015","DOIUrl":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-24-00015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thymomas are uncommon in birds and management is challenging because of tumor characteristics such as growth location and local invasiveness, limiting surgical and chemotherapeutic options. A 20-year-old female Indian ringneck parakeet (<i>Psittacula krameri</i>) was referred for radiation therapy because of an increase in size of a right-sided cervical mass. The mass was tentatively diagnosed as a thymoma after biopsy and incomplete surgical resection 3 months previously. Therapeutic management in this parakeet included 10 treatments of palliative radiation therapy over the course of 1 month. The tumor decreased in size by approximately 60% in length and 40% in width and was palpably softer after radiation therapy, but regrowth was observed 73 days after the final radiation treatment. One dose of chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide was administered at that time, but euthanasia was elected 5 days later due to the parakeet's declining clinical condition and poor prognosis. Radiation therapy was effective in this bird as a palliative treatment in reducing tumor size; however, a modified protocol or a multimodal approach may be needed for longer-term control of thymomas in avian species.</p>","PeriodicalId":15102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","volume":"39 2","pages":"109-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed Tomographic Characteristics of Normal Lungs in Blue and Yellow Macaws (<i>Ara ararauna</i>).","authors":"Ieverton Cleiton Correia da Silva, Marília de Albuquerque Bonelli, Ananda Santiago de Oliveira, José Anderson da Silva Rocha, Thaiza Helena Tavares Fernandes, Tobias Schwarz, Fabiano Séllos Costa","doi":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-24-00030","DOIUrl":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-24-00030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Respiratory disease is common in psittacine birds; thus, having evidence-based methods to evaluate clinical cases is important for confirming a diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to describe the computed tomographic characteristics of the normal lung parenchyma of wild blue and yellow macaws (<i>Ara ararauna</i>), including measuring lung volume and normal radiographic attenuation of the lung parenchyma. Ten blue and yellow macaws from a wildlife center were used for this study. For computed tomography, transverse 1-mm slices were obtained, as well as multiplanar and 3-dimensional reconstructions for description of tomographic anatomy. Quantitative lung radiodensity was evaluated by regions of interest and via the histogram method. The lungs occupied the dorsal region of the coelomic cavity, with a triangular appearance on sagittal view, and were divided into left and right lungs. The lungs showed no lobulation. Mean attenuation values obtained were -727.19 ± 44.53 Hounsfield units by the histogram method and -722.19 ± 29.69 Hounsfield units by regions of interest. There was no significant difference (<i>P</i> > 0.05) between methods. Mean lung volume was 26 ± 6.03 cm³. The description of the normal computed tomography lung anatomy and density values of blue and yellow macaws are useful baseline data that can be applied to the diagnosis of respiratory diseases in this species.</p>","PeriodicalId":15102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","volume":"39 1","pages":"25-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the Fecal Microbiome of Healthy Cockatiels (<i>Nymphicus hollandicus</i>) Fed Seeds Versus Formulated Pelleted Diets by Next-Generation DNA Sequencing.","authors":"Nicole Sands, Shachar Malka, Gina Vecere, Margaret Lee, Jonathan Stockman, Janina A Krumbeck","doi":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-24-00010","DOIUrl":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-24-00010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fecal samples were collected from 34 clinically healthy cockatiels (<i>Nymphicus hollandicus</i>), with 15 consuming a commercially available seed diet and 19 on a formulated pelleted diet. Next-generation DNA sequencing was used to analyze the samples, revealing a diverse microbial landscape. A total of 179 bacterial species from 94 genera and 244 fungal species from 156 genera were identified across both diet groups. Although no significant differences in microbial diversity were observed between the 2 groups, distinct microbial compositions were noted. Notably, <i>Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii</i> and <i>Enterococcus durans/faecium</i> were enriched in the pellet-fed group, whereas <i>Lactobacillus oris</i> and a species in the Brevinemataceae family were more abundant in the seed-fed group. In the mycobiome, <i>Aspergillus penicillioides, Meyerozyma</i> sp, and <i>Fusarium</i> sp were enriched in the pelleted diet group, whereas <i>Bulleribasidium oberjochense</i> was more prevalent in the seed diet group. These findings highlight the nuanced effects of diet on the fecal microbiome of cockatiels, providing valuable insights for avian health management and potential probiotic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","volume":"39 1","pages":"2-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evisceration as an Alternative to Enucleation in Four Pet Psittacine Birds.","authors":"Alexandra Berry, Kathleen Graham, Izidora Sladakovic","doi":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-24-00012","DOIUrl":"10.1647/AVIANMS-D-24-00012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In cases in which vision cannot be restored and the eye is a source of pain, removal of the eye may be indicated. In mammals, enucleation is the most common procedure performed; however, due to the distinct anatomical features of the avian eye, evisceration may be the preferred method in these species. The large globe size and rigid sclera leave the bird with a large sunken eye socket, which may cause the bird to become unbalanced and is not cosmetically appealing. Furthermore, birds have short optic nerves that can be injured due to traction and a thin interorbital septum that can be damaged during surgery. Evisceration reduces these risks and is typically done within a shorter anesthetic time. This case series reports the successful use of a modified evisceration technique in 4 pet psittacine birds: a red-tailed black cockatoo (<i>Calyptorhynchus banksia</i>) diagnosed with severe fungal keratitis and anterior uveitis based on histopathology, a galah (<i>Eolophus roseicapilla</i>) with a traumatic injury resulting in a ruptured globe, a cockatiel (<i>Nymphicus hollandicus</i>) diagnosed with a cataract and secondary glaucoma, and a green cheek conure (<i>Pyrrhura molinae</i>) diagnosed with anterior lens luxation and suspected endophthalmitis. Each bird underwent a modified evisceration surgery because the eyes were nonvisual and painful and had a grave prognosis for recovery. All 4 birds recovered uneventfully without complications and have remained stable for between 2.5 and 4.5 years postoperatively. This report demonstrates that the modified evisceration technique is safe and achievable in psittacine patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","volume":"39 1","pages":"31-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}