Evisceration as an Alternative to Enucleation in Four Pet Psittacine Birds.

IF 0.6 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES
Alexandra Berry, Kathleen Graham, Izidora Sladakovic
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Abstract

In cases in which vision cannot be restored and the eye is a source of pain, removal of the eye may be indicated. In mammals, enucleation is the most common procedure performed; however, due to the distinct anatomical features of the avian eye, evisceration may be the preferred method in these species. The large globe size and rigid sclera leave the bird with a large sunken eye socket, which may cause the bird to become unbalanced and is not cosmetically appealing. Furthermore, birds have short optic nerves that can be injured due to traction and a thin interorbital septum that can be damaged during surgery. Evisceration reduces these risks and is typically done within a shorter anesthetic time. This case series reports the successful use of a modified evisceration technique in 4 pet psittacine birds: a red-tailed black cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus banksia) diagnosed with severe fungal keratitis and anterior uveitis based on histopathology, a galah (Eolophus roseicapilla) with a traumatic injury resulting in a ruptured globe, a cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) diagnosed with a cataract and secondary glaucoma, and a green cheek conure (Pyrrhura molinae) diagnosed with anterior lens luxation and suspected endophthalmitis. Each bird underwent a modified evisceration surgery because the eyes were nonvisual and painful and had a grave prognosis for recovery. All 4 birds recovered uneventfully without complications and have remained stable for between 2.5 and 4.5 years postoperatively. This report demonstrates that the modified evisceration technique is safe and achievable in psittacine patients.

四种宠物鹦鹉的内脏切除替代去核。
如果视力不能恢复,而眼睛是疼痛的来源,则可能需要摘除眼睛。在哺乳动物中,去核是最常见的手术;然而,由于鸟类眼睛的独特解剖特征,在这些物种中,内脏可能是首选的方法。大的球形尺寸和坚硬的巩膜使鸟有一个大的凹陷的眼窝,这可能会导致鸟变得不平衡,不美观。此外,鸟类的视神经较短,可能会因牵引而受伤,而眶间隔较薄,可能在手术中受损。内脏切除降低了这些风险,通常在较短的麻醉时间内完成。本病例系列报告了在4只宠物鹦鹉身上成功使用改良的内脏切除技术:一只红尾黑凤头鹦鹉(Calyptorhynchus banksia)根据组织病理学诊断为严重的真菌性角膜炎和前葡萄膜炎,一只大鹦鹉(Eolophus roseicapilla)因外伤性损伤导致眼球破裂,一只凤尾鹦鹉(nyphicus hollandicus)诊断为白内障和继发性青光眼,一只绿颊鹦鹉(Pyrrhura molinae)诊断为前晶状体脱位和疑似眼内炎。每只鸟都接受了改良的内脏切除手术,因为眼睛看不见,疼痛,康复预后很差。所有4只鸟均顺利恢复,无并发症,术后2.5至4.5年保持稳定。本报告证明改良的内脏切除技术是安全可行的。
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来源期刊
Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery
Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
0.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
52
审稿时长
>36 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery is an international journal of the medicine and surgery of both captive and wild birds. Published materials include scientific articles, case reports, editorials, abstracts, new research, and book reviews.
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